Subjects -> AGRICULTURE (Total: 963 journals)
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AGRICULTURE (662 journals)            First | 1 2 3 4     

Showing 601 - 263 of 263 Journals sorted alphabetically
Rural Sustainability Research     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
RURALS : Review of Undergraduate Research in Agricultural and Life Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
SAARC Journal of Agriculture     Open Access  
Sabaragamuwa University Journal     Open Access  
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi     Open Access  
Savana Cendana     Open Access  
Savannah Journal of Research and Development     Open Access  
Science and Technology Indonesia     Open Access  
Science as Culture     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 12)
Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Scientia Agricola     Open Access  
Scientia Agropecuaria     Open Access  
Seed Science and Technology     Full-text available via subscription  
Seed Science Research     Hybrid Journal  
Selçuk Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi     Open Access  
Semiárida     Open Access  
Siembra     Open Access  
Small Ruminant Research     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 2)
Smart Agricultural Technology     Open Access  
Social & Cultural Geography     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 26)
Social and Natural Sciences Journal     Open Access  
South African Journal of Agricultural Extension     Open Access   (Followers: 3)
South African Journal of Economics : SAJE     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 7)
South African Journal of Plant and Soil     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 1)
Spatial Economic Analysis     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 10)
Sri Lanka Journal of Food and Agriculture     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Stiinta Agricola     Open Access  
Studies in Australian Garden History     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 5)
Sugar Tech     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 1)
Sustainability Agri Food and Environmental Research     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
Sustainability and Climate Change     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 12)
Sustainable Agriculture Research     Open Access   (Followers: 3)
Sustainable Environment Agricultural Science (SEAS)     Open Access  
Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
Terra Latinoamericana     Open Access  
The Agriculturists     Open Access  
The Journal of Research, PJTSAU     Open Access   (Followers: 8)
Translational Animal Science     Open Access  
Trends in Agricultural Economics     Open Access   (Followers: 7)
Tropical Agricultural Research     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems     Open Access  
Tropical Grasslands - Forrajes Tropicales     Open Access  
Tropical Technology Journal     Open Access  
Tropicultura     Open Access  
Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Science / Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi     Open Access  
Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences     Open Access  
Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi / International Journal of Agricultural and Wildlife Sciences     Open Access  
UNICIÊNCIAS     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Universal Journal of Agricultural Research     Open Access  
Universidad y Ciencia     Open Access  
Urban Agricultural & Regional Food Systems     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Viticulture Data Journal     Open Access  
VITIS : Journal of Grapevine Research     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Walailak Journal of Science and Technology     Open Access  
Wartazoa. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Weed Biology and Management     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 4)
Weed Research     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 5)
Welwitschia International Journal of Agricultural Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
West African Journal of Applied Ecology     Open Access  
Wildlife Australia     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 2)
Wirtschaftsdienst     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 5)
World Journal of Agricultural Research     Open Access  
World Mycotoxin Journal     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 3)
World's Poultry Science Journal     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 3)
علوم آب و خاک     Open Access  

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Stiinta Agricola
Number of Followers: 0  

  This is an Open Access Journal Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 1857-0003 - ISSN (Online) 2587-3202
Published by State Agrarian University of Moldova Homepage  [1 journal]
  • CERCETĂRI PRIVIND CREAREA LINIILOR CONSANGVINIZATE ŞI A
           HIBRIZILOR DE PORUMB TIMPURIU

    • Authors: Pantelimon BOROZAN, Simion MUSTEAŢA, Valentina SPÎNU, Alexei SPÎNU, Mihail STATNIC
      Pages: 3 - 11
      Abstract: Abstract. The paper presents the synthesis of multiannual investigations concerning the development of inbred lines and early maize hybrids. 2874 sources were used over the period 1981-2020 for inbreeding and phenotypical selection, out of which 532 constant families were selected and were subject to preliminary assessment in terms of their production capacity, then transferred to the operational collection. The consequent testing resulted in the selection of 36 original lines used as parents of registered hybrids. At present, the related crosses – 56,7%, single cross hybrids – 31,6%, backcrosses – 11,4% and foreign hybrids – 0,3% are used as sources of initial material. The germplasm of alternative heterotic groups Reid Iodent – 40,1%, Euroflint – 28,9%, BSSS-B37 – 12,6%, Lancaster – 11,6%, Dent mixt – 4,0% and Dent canadian – 2,8% predominates in the lines’ pedigree. The heterotic patterns Reid Iodent x Euroflint and Reid Iodent x BSSS-B37 are mostly used for hybrid development. The production of commercial seeds for export is assured by 9 registered hybrids FAO 160-240 registered in Belarus. The hybrids Porumbeni 310, Porumbeni 305 and Alimentar 325 are used for cultivation in the Republic of Moldova. Key words: Maize; Initial material; Inbred lines; Germplasm groups; Hybrids; Heterotic patterns; Agronomic traits; Production capacity. Rezumat. Articolul prezintă o generalizare a cercetărilor multianuale privind crearea liniilor consangvinizate şi a hibrizilor de porumb timpuriu. În perioada anilor 1981–2020 au fost supuse consangvinizării şi selecţiei fenotipice 2874 de surse, din cadrul cărora s-au evidențiat 532 de familii constante, evaluate preliminar după capacitatea de producţie şi transferate în colecţia operaţională. Testările ulterioare au culminat cu alegerea a 36 de linii originale folosite ca forme parentale în hibrizi omologaţi. La etapa actuală, sursele de material iniţial sunt prezentate de încrucişări înrudite (56,7%), hibrizi simpli (31,6%), retroîncrucişări (11,4%) şi hibrizi ai firmelor străine (0,3%). În pedigreul liniilor predomină germoplasma grupelor heterotice alternative Reid Iodent (40,1%), Euroflint (28,9%), BSSS-B37 (12,6%), Dent mixt (4,0%) şi Dent canadian (2,8%). Sintetizarea hibrizilor se efectuează preponderent în cadrul modelelor heterotice Reid Iodent x Euroflint şi Reid Iodent x BSSS-B37. Producerea de seminţe hibride pentru export este asigurată cu 9 hibrizi FAO 160-240 înregistraţi în Republica Belarus. În Republica Moldova se implementează hibrizii Porumbeni 310, Porumbeni 305 şi Alimentar 325. Cuvinte-cheie: Porumb; Material iniţial; Linii consangvinizate; Grupe de germoplasmă; Hibrizi; Modele heterotice; Caractere agronomice; Capacitate de producţie.
      PubDate: 2022-08-17
       
  • ASIMILAREA AZOTULUI ȘI PRODUCTIVITATEA CULTURILOR ÎN DIVERSE PROCEDEE DE
           FERTILIZARE CU PAIE

    • Authors: Alexandru RUSU, Ludmila BULAT, Olga ARHIP
      Pages: 12 - 19
      Abstract: Abstract. In order to identify efficient and rational procedures for the valorization of straw surpluses as fertilizer, the authors studied their influence on plant production and nitrogen supply to plants. The experiment was established on clayey-loamy poorly eroded ordinary chernozem, in Cahul district, Republic of Moldova. The experimental design included variants consisting in the application of straw that was not supplemented with nitrogen and variants in which straw was supplemented with low doses of nitrogen. The combination of straw with sheep manure as well as with high doses of chemical fertilizers containing nitrogen and phosphorus was also tested. Straw and associated fertilizers were applied once every four years, in 2009, 2013 and 2017, in July. The most efficient variant consisted in the procedure by which 4 t/ha of chopped straw was spread on the stubble over which chemical fertilizers N20P20 were distributed. This procedure ensured an average annual increase of 480 kg/ha of conventional wheat. The phenomenon of crop yield decrease because of the incorporation of straw applied separately without nitrogen did not occur in this experiment. This is due to the ability of chernozem soils to form, through humus mineralization, enough nitrogen needed for the microbiological processing of straw applied in the summer. Thus, the soil type and climatic conditions in the South of the Republic of Moldova allow to incorporate straw surpluses as a fertilizer, including without being supplemented with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. Key words: Straw; Fertilizer; Nitrogen nutrition; Plant productivity. Rezumat. În scopul identificării procedeelor eficiente și raționale de valorificare a surplusurilor de paie ca îngrășământ, s-a studiat influența lor asupra producției vegetale și asigurării plantelor cu azot. Experiența s-a fondat pe cernoziom obișnuit slab erodat luto-argilos din raionul Cahul, Republica Moldova. Schema experienței a inclus variante cu aplicarea paielor care nu au fost completate cu azot și variante cu paie completate cu doze reduse de azot. S-a testat, de asemenea, combinarea paielor cu gunoi de ovine, precum și cu doze mari de îngrășăminte chimice cu azot și fosfor. Paiele și îngrășămintele asociate au fost aplicate o dată la patru ani, în 2009, 2013 și 2017, în luna iulie. Cel mai eficient s-a dovedit a fi procedeul în care 4 t/ha paie tocate au fost repartizate la recoltare în miriște, peste care s-au distribuit îngrășăminte chimice N20P20. Procedeul dat a asigurat un spor mediu anual de 480 kg/ha grâu convențional. În experienţă nu s-a adeverit fenomenul de scădere a producţiei vegetale de la încorporarea paielor aplicate separat, fără azot. Acest fapt se datorează capacității solurilor cernoziomice de a forma, prin mineralizarea humusului, suficient azot necesar prelucrării microbiologice a paielor aplicate din vară. Astfel, în condiţiile pedoclimatice ale Republicii Moldova, surplusurile de paie pot fi încorporate ca îngrăşământ, inclusiv fără a fi completate cu îngrăşăminte ce conţin azot. Cuvinte-cheie: Paie; Îngrășământ; Nutriție cu azot; Productivitatea plantelor
      PubDate: 2022-08-17
       
  • BILANȚUL ELEMENTELOR NUTRITIVE LA APLICAREA DEȘEURILOR LOCALE ORGANOGENE
           PE CERNOZIOM LEVIGAT

    • Authors: Vasile PLĂMĂDEALĂ, Ludmila BULAT, Natalia BÎSTROVA
      Pages: 20 - 26
      Abstract: Abstract. The article presents the balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium when applying different types and doses of farmyard manure and sewage sludge on leached chernozem for five crops (winter wheat, winter barley, grain corn, sunflower and grain peas). The calculation of nutrient element balance was performed based on the research carried out in the period 2011-2020 in the Laboratory of Soil Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition (Institute of Pedology, Agrochemistry and Soil Protection “Nicolae Dimo”). A negative balance of biophilic elements was established in the control unfertilized variant regardless of the cultivated crop. In the fertilized variants the nitrogen balance was positive under green peas and sunflower and deficient under spiked cereals and corn. Phosphorus balance was positive under all crops when applying twice the dose of manure, while potassium balance has positive values for all crops, except corn. At the experimental field level, a deficient balance of nitrogen and a positive balance of phosphorus and potassium were established. Key words: Agricultural crops; Farmyard manure; Sewage sludge; Soil; Balance; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Potassium. Rezumat. În articol este prezentat bilanțul azotului, al fosforului și al potasiului la aplicarea diferitor tipuri de gunoi de grajd și nămol orășenesc, în doze diferite, pe cernoziom levigat pentru cinci culturi (grâu și orz de toamnă, porumb boabe, floarea-soarelui, mazăre boabe). Calcularea bilanţului elementelor nutritive s-a efectuat în baza cercetărilor efectuate în perioada 2011–2020 în cadrul Laboratorului Agrochimia Solului și Nutriția Plantelor (Institutul de Pedologie, Agrochimie şi Protecţie a Soluluii “Nicolae Dimo“. În varianta martor (nefertilizată) s-a constatat un bilanț negativ al elementelor biofile indiferent de cultura cultivată. În variantele fertilizate, bilanțul azotului a fost pozitiv în cazul mazării și al florii-soarelui și deficitar în cazul spicoaselor și al porumbului. Bilanțul fosforului a fost pozitiv pentru toate culturile la dublarea dozei de deșeu, iar bilanțul potasiului a înregistrat valori pozitive la toate culturile, cu excepția porumbului. La nivel de câmp experimental s-a stabilit un bilanț deficitar de azot și bilanț pozitiv de fosfor și potasiu. Cuvinte-cheie: Culturi agricole; Gunoi de grajd; Nămol orășenesc; Sol; Bilanț; Azot; Fosfor; Potasiu
      PubDate: 2022-08-17
       
  • КОРРЕЛЯЦИОННЫЙ АНАЛИЗ СОПРЯЖЕННОСТИ
           УРОВНЯ УРОЖАЯ С БИОМЕТРИЧЕСКИМИ
           ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯМИ И ЭЛЕМЕНТАМИ ЕГО СТРУКТУРЫ
           У ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ

    • Authors: Алексей ПОСТОЛАТИ, Марина РУДОЙ
      Pages: 27 - 31
      Abstract: Abstract. The paper presents an analysis of the level of contingency and the contribution of each of the main yield components to the overall yield of winter wheat and their functional relationships in Balti steppe, Republic of Moldova. For the correlation analysis, the authors used the level of productivity of winter wheat and its main yield components obtained in the competitive variety trials during 2016-2020 in the Research Institute for Field Crops “Selectia”. In the experiment 6 morpho-biological indices for 15 typical varieties of 2 different ecotypes were analyzed. The coefficients of variation and correlation were determined according to the methodical guidance of Dospehov B.A. and Sedlovschi A.I. In the ecological conditions of the Republic of Moldova a strong direct correlation was established between the level of overall wheat productivity and its yield components - grain weight per ear and plant height, while an average correlation was revealed between overall productivity and the mass of 1000 grains and the amount of productive ears on the unit area (productive tillering). Key words: Winter wheat; Ecotype; Phenotypical variation; Productivity; Correlation. Реферат. В данной статье представлен анализ уровня сопряженности и вклада каждого из основных структурных элементов продуктивности в общую урожайность озимой пшеницы и их функциональные взаимосвязи в условиях Бельцкой степи Республики Молдова. Для корреляционного анализа использовали уровень продуктивности озимой пшеницы и ее основных структурных показателей, полученных в конкурсном сортоиспытании НИИ полевых культур «Селекция» за 2016-2020 гг. В опыте были проанализированы 6 морфолого-биологических показателей растений у 15 типичных сортов 2 разных экологических групп (экотипов). Коэффициенты вариации и корреляции определяли согласно методическим указаниям Доспехова Б.А. и Седловского А.И. и др. В результате установлено, что в экологических условиях Республики Молдова у оз ...
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • INFLUENŢA REGULATORILOR DE CREȘTERE ASUPRA OBȚINERII PRODUCȚIILOR
           ÎNALTE ÎN PLANTAȚIILE DE CIREȘ DIN SOIUL KORDIA ALTOITE PE PORTALTOIUL
           MAXMA 14

    • Authors: Ananie PEȘTEANU, Andrei LOZAN
      Pages: 32 - 41
      Abstract: Abstract. The experiment was carried out in the orchard “Agroparc Management” Ltd. established in 2015. The study subject of the experiment was Kordia cherry variety, grafted on MaxMa 14. The trees were trained according to the spindle system and the fruit tree spacing of 5.0×3.0 m. The research was conducted during the year 2021. In order to study the effect of the growth regulators Auxiger LG (1-naphthylacetamide (1-NAD - 1.5 g/l), 1-naphthylacetic acid (1-NAA - 0.6 g/l)) and Gibbera, SL (gibberellins, 10 g/l mixture of GA4+7) on the fruit setting rate, the development processes of cherry trees and the fruit yield the following variants of treatment were experimented: 1. Control – without treatment; 2. Auxiger LG, 0.7 l/ha; 3. Gibbera, SL, 0.25 l/ha; 4. Gibbera, SL, 0.5 l/ha. The growth regulator Auxiger LG was sprayed once, during the period of intensive fruit growing, when the fruits diameter was 12–13 mm (14.05.2021), while Gibbera, SL was applied in three phases. The first treatment was done at the end of the flowering phase (26.04.2021), and the subsequent two treatments – at an interval of 7-10 days, on 05.05.2021 and on 14.05.2021, respectively. During the analyzed period, it was established that a higher fruit setting rate, a better development of trees, higher fruit yields and a more balanced economic efficiency of cherry production were recorded when using the growth regulator Gibbera, SL at a dose of 0.5 l/ha. Key words: Cherry; Growth regulator; Fruit setting rate; Ripening period; Yield; Economic efficiency. Rezumat. Cercetările s-au efectuat în decursul anului 2021 în plantaţia de cireș a întreprinderii SRL „Agroparc Management”, fondată în anul 2015. Obiect al cercetărilor au fost pomii de cireş din soiul Kordia altoiți pe portaltoiul MaxMa 14. Coroana a fost condusă după sistemul fus obișnuit. Distanţa de plantare a constituit 5,0 x 3,0 m. Pentru a studia efectul regulatorilor de creștere Auxiger LG (1-naftilacetamidă (1-NAD) – 1,5 g/l, acid 1-naftilacetic (1-NAA) – 0,6 g/l) și Gibbera, SL (gibereline, 10 g/l amestec de GA4+7) asupra gradului de legare a fructelor, asupra proceselor de dezvoltare a pomilor şi asupra producției de fructe au fost create următoarele variante experimentale de tratament: 1) martor (fără tratare); 2) Auxiger LG – 0,7 l/ha; 3) Gibbera, SL – 0,25 l/ha; 4) Gibbera, SL – 0,5 l/ha. Regulatorul de creștere Auxiger LG a fost administrat o singură dată, în perioada de creștere intensă a fructelor, când diametrul lor a atins 12-13 mm (14.05.2021), iar Gibbera, SL în trei reprize, prima tratare aplicându-se la sfârșitul fazei de înflorire (26.04.2021), iar celelalte două la intervale de 7–10 zile, la 05.05.2021 și, respectiv, 14.05.2021. În perioada de referință s-a stabilit că o influență mai mare asupra gradului de legare a fructelor, asupra proceselor de dezvoltare a pomilor, cu producții de fructe mai înalte și eficiență economică de producere mai echilibrată, s-a înregistrat la tratarea cu regulatorul de creștere Gibbera, SL în doza de 0,5 l/ha. Cuvinte-cheie: Cireș; Regulator de creștere; Grad de legare; Perioadă de maturare; Producție; Eficiență economică.
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • REACŢIA FORMELOR PARENTALE ŞI HIBRIZILOR F2 DE TOMATE LA
           TEMPERATURI STRESANTE

    • Authors: Nadejda MIHNEA, Diana CLIMĂUȚAN, Cristian ROȘCA
      Pages: 42 - 49
      Abstract: Abstract. The paper presents data on the response of F2 hybrid combinations and parental forms of tomato at different temperatures (optimal 250 C and stressful 400 , 420 C), tested in laboratory conditions. It was established that stressful temperatures significantly affect the early ontogenesis of tomato varieties and hybrids by suppressing the growth of the embryonic root, stem and seedling (sometimes by stimulating them). Cluster analysis by the k-media method demonstrated that stressful temperatures manifested a higher discriminating ability of tomato clusters for seedling length and embryonic root length characters, which reveals a more pronounced specificity of interaction at these temperatures. Florina, Wake, Prestij and Rome varieties and F2 hybrid combinations Mary Gratefullt x Pontina, Prestij x Pontina, Rome x Wake have the highest complex resistance in terms of the reaction of the embryonic root, stem and seedling at 420 C temperature. They are of interest in the further process of breeding. Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum; Temperature; Heat resistance; Evaluation; Embryonic root; Embryonic stem; Seedling; Length; Variability. Rezumat. În lucrare sunt prezentate date cu privire la reacția combinațiilor hibride F2 și a formelor parentale de tomate la diferite niveluri de temperatură (optimală – 250 C și stresante – 400 , 420 C), testate în condiții de laborator. S-a stabilit că temperaturile stresante influențează semnificativ ontogeneza timpurie a soiurilor și hibrizilor de tomate prin reprimarea creșterii rădăciniței, tulpiniței și plantulei (uneori prin stimularea acestora). Analiza clusteriană prin metoda k-mediilor a demonstrat că temperaturile stresante au manifestat o capacitate discriminantă mai înaltă a clusterelor de tomate pentru caracterele lungimea plantulei și lungimea rădăciniței, ceea ce relevă specificitatea de interacțiune mai pronunțată cu aceste temperaturi. Soiurile Florina, Deșteptarea, Prestij, Roma și combinațiile hibride F2 Mary Gratefully x Pontina, Prestij x Pontina, Roma x Deșteptarea au înregistrat cea mai înaltă rezistență complexă în ceea ce privește reacția rădăciniţei, tulpiniţei și plantulei la temperatura de 420 C, astfel acestea prezintă interes în procesul de ameliorarea de mai departe. Cuvinte-cheie: Lycopersicon esculentum; Temperatură; Rezistenţă la căldură; Evaluare; Rădăciniţă; Tulpiniţă; Plantulă; Lungime; Variabilitate.
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • СКРИНИНГ ШТАММОВ ГРИБОВ TRICHODERMA PERS. ДЛЯ
           ЗАЩИТЫ РАСТЕНИЙ ОТ ALBIFIMBRIA VERRUCARIA, РАНЕЕ
           ИЗВЕСТНОГО КАК MYROTHECIUM VERRUCARIA

    • Authors: Татьяна Игнатьевна ЩЕРБАКОВА
      Pages: 50 - 56
      Abstract: Abstract. The phytopathogen Albifimbria verrucaria (Myrothecium) produces macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins. When developed on animal feed, it can cause poisoning. The research aims to select strains of Trichoderma fungi that are promising for plant protection against the pathogen Alb. verrucaria. The antagonistic activity of 21 Trichoderma cultures against Alb. verrucaria was studied using the double-culture method. On day 10, three isolates of Trichoderma sp. 3K, 7T and 12T inhibited the pathogen by 67-71%. Furthermore, in seven variants of the double cultures, inhibition of Trichoderma fungi by the pathogen with the formation of sterile zones with a radius of 2-10 mm was observed. By day 15 of double-culture incubation, pathogen accretion was noted on some Trichoderma cultures, including 3K and 12T. As a result of the microscopy of crop connection zones and growth zones, three isolates, namely 1K, 4T and 13N, were noted as promising for plant protection against Alb. verrucaria. Key words: Pathogenic fungi; Growth inhibition; Fungal antagonists; Double-culture; Strain. Реферат. Фитопатоген Albifimbria verrucaria (Myrothecium) продуцирует макроциклические трихотеценовые микотоксины. При развитии на корме животных может вызывать отравления. Цель исследований – отобрать штаммы грибов Trichoderma, перспективные для защиты растений от патогена Alb.verrucaria. Антагонистическую активность 21 культуры Trichoderma по отношению к Alb.verrucaria изучали методом двойных культур. На 10-е сутки 3 штамма Trichoderma sp. 3К, 7Т и 12Т ингибировали патоген на 67-71%. В семи вариантах двойных культур отмечено ингибирование грибов Trichoderma патогеном с образованием стерильных зон радиусом 2-10 мм. К 15-м суткам инкубации двойных культур отмечено нарастание патогена на некоторые культуры Trichoderma, в том числе на 3К и 12Т. В результате микроскопирования зон соединения культур и зон нарастания отмечены 3 изолята – 1К, 4Т и 13N, перспективные для защиты растений от Alb.verrucaria. Ключевые слова: Патогенные грибы; Ингиби ...
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • STAFILINIDOFAUNA (COLEOPTERA, STAPHYLINIDAE) REZERVAȚIEI NATURALE DE STAT
           „PLAIUL FAGULUI”

    • Authors: Irina MIHAILOV
      Pages: 57 - 63
      Abstract: Abstract. Staphylinids (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) are insects playing an important role in nature. They serve as indicators for various habitat types and are actively involved in regulating the density of some invertebrate species. The research aimed to inventory the staphylinid species in the State Nature Reserve „Plaiul Fagului”. In order to determine the Staphylinidae fauna framework, the author used the material collected in the period 2020- 2021 and analysed literature data on staphylinids collected in previous periods (2005-2018). The paper presents a list of 46 species, highlighting the most important aspects characterizing this group as a whole. The list includes 3 staphylinids with the status of new species for the fauna of „Plaiul fagului” Reserve and for the Republic of Moldova, namely: Phloeopora concolor (Kraatz, 1856), Acylophorus glaberrimus (Herbst, 1784) and Xantholinus sublinearis (Coiffait, 1970). Key words: Rove beetles; Predatory insects; Species; Nature reserve; Republic of Moldova. Rezumat. Stafilinidele (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) sunt insecte cu rol important în natură. Sunt indicatori pentru diverse tipuri de habitate și participă activ la reglarea densității unor specii de nevertebrate, în cea mai mare parte. Scopul cercetării a vizat inventarierea speciilor de stafilinide din Rezervația Naturală de Stat „Plaiul Fagului”. Pentru determinarea tabloului stafilinidofaunistic s-a utilizat materialul colectat de autor în perioada anilor 2020–2021 și s-au analizat datele din literatura de specialitate referitoare la stafilinidele colectate în perioadele anterioare (2005-2018). În lucrare se prezintă lista a 46 de specii, cu evidențierea celor mai importante aspecte ce caracterizează grupul în întregime. Lista include 3 stafilinide cu statutul de specii noi pentru fauna Rezervației „Plaiul Fagului” şi a Republicii Moldova: Phloeopora concolor (Kraatz, 1856), Acylophorus glaberrimus (Herbst, 1784) şi Xantholinus sublinearis (Coiffait, 1970). Cuvinte-cheie: Stafilinide; Insecte prădătoare; Specii; Rezervație naturală; Republica Moldova.
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • UNELE ASPECTE PRIVIND STUDIUL CREȘTERILOR ÎN DIAMETRU LA GORUNETURILE DE
           PROVENIENŢĂ VEGETATIVĂ (LĂSTARI) DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA

    • Authors: Dionisie BOAGHIE
      Pages: 64 - 72
      Abstract: Abstract. It is known that the growth rate of a tree, respectively, a stand, during its life differs from one period of life to another. Thus, the growth rate is more accelerated at the beginning of life, so that, achieving the peak of growth in volume, this rate gradually decreases, becoming more and more weak in old age, until the tree stand passes into a state of decrepitude. This variation in the process of accumulation of wood biomass makes the economic efficiency of the tree, respectively, the stand, which varies depending on the development phase, i.e. its age. This increase in volume, usually expressed by the current annual growth of the tree, respectively, the stand at the level of measurement unit and transferred to total yield, ultimately defines its economic efficiency, which in turn varies according to the amplitude of the variation of the growth index. In this context, the purpose of this paper was to evaluate the diameter increments of sessile oak stands (Quercus petraea Liebl.) of vegetative origin from shoots in the Republic of Moldova in relation to the yield class, age and generation originating from shoots, as well as in relation to the composition and consistency of the stand at the level of physical-geographical areas and phytoclimatic levels. Key words: Sessile oak stand; Diameter increment; Growth index; Yield class; Wood biomass; Productivity. Rezumat. Este cunoscut faptul că ritmul de creştere în volum a unui arbore, respectiv a unui arboret, de-a lungul vieţii sale diferă de la o perioadă la alta. Astfel, ritmul de creştere este mai accelerat la începutul vieţii, aşa încât înregistrând apogeul creşterii în volum, acest ritm se reduce treptat, devenind spre bătrâneţe tot mai slab, până când arboretul trece într-o stare de decrepitudine. Această variaţie în procesul de acumulare a biomasei lemnoase face ca şi eficienţa economică a arborelui, respectiv a arboretului, să varieze în funcţie de etapa de dezvoltare, adică de vârsta acestuia. Creşterea în volum, exprimată în mod obişnuit prin creşterea curentă anuală a arboretului la nivel de unitate de măsură şi transferată în producţie totală, defineşte în final eficienţa economică a acestuia, care, la rândul ei, variază în corespundere cu amplitudinea variaţiei indicelui de creştere. În acest context, scopul prezentei lucrări este evaluarea creșterilor în diametru la goruneturile de proveniență vegetativă din lăstari din Republica Moldova în raport cu clasa de producție, vârstă şi generaţia provenienţei din lăstari, compoziţia şi consistenţa arboretului la nivel de zone fizico-geografice și etaje fitoclimatice. Cuvinte-cheie: Gorunet; Creştere în diametru; Indice de creștere; Clasă de producție; Biomasă lemnoasă; Productivitate.
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • EFFECT OF ADDED SULPHUR DIOXIDE LEVELS ON THE AROMA CHARACTERISTICS OF
           WINES FROM PANCIU WINE REGION

    • Authors: Sorin MACOVICIUC, Constantin Bogdan NECHITA, Ionel Bogdan CIOROIU, Valeriu COTEA, Marius NICULAUA
      Pages: 73 - 77
      Abstract: Abstract. In the wine-making process, the yeasts form over 20 higher alcohols that improve the sensation of palatine veil for the wine. The amount of higher alcohols is lower for white and rosé wines obtained from clarified musts fermented at moderate temperatures. The formation of higher alcohols is confirmed by the fact that the addition of certain nitrogen compounds to a glucose-containing culture medium leads, after the fermentation, to an increase in the higher alcohol content. Data evaluate by comparison the levels of higher alcohols, esters and aldehydes, important to fermentation process in case of several wines from Panciu region. The wine-making was done by classical methods and by using specific protocols for low content sulphur dioxide. This study is focused to compare wines obtained from two grape varieties produced at industrial level: Feteasca regala vs. Feteasca regala Frizzante and Cabernet Sauvignon rosé vs. Cabernet Sauvignon. The compounds were analyzed by GC-FID method with head-space technique for methanol, 1-propanol, 2-methyl-propanol, 1-butanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, isoamyl acetate and acetaldehyde. The results showed that in almost every comparative study the levels of aroma compounds are maintained, when compared with the wines with low content of sulphur dioxide. Tuckey test showed that 1-propanol and ethyl acetate register statistically significant differences for Cabernet Sauvignon rosé and for Feteasca regala Frizzante. Key words: Higher alcohols; GC-FID; Fermentation; Sulphur dioxide.
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA: IS INCINERATION
           THE RIGHT WAY TO TREAT YOUR WASTE'

    • Authors: Kryštof MAREŠ, Denisa MAREŠOVÁ, Tatiana ALEXIOU-IVANOVA, Yayan SATYAKTI, Adrian FURCULIȚA
      Pages: 78 - 84
      Abstract: Abstract. Globally, the most used waste treatment method is landfilling, although (improper) landfilling, which is typical for developing countries, has no material or energy recovery possibility compared with other treatment methods. In Indonesia, open dumping on final disposal sites covers most of the treated waste, which is an even worse method than landfilling in terms of environmental issues. The main objective of this article is to evaluate the feasibility of the waste-to-energy solution/waste incineration approach for proper and sustainable waste management in Bandung. A big issue of municipal solid waste is the organic portion of waste, as most emissions and pollution come from organic waste and improper handling. A specific objective is to conduct the risk analysis of an incineration plant model and to compare the environmental impact of incineration vs landfilling. The input data for the assessment will be obtained from the laboratory analyses of solid waste samples collected from the Sarimukti disposal site. The lab analyses will comprise the determination of fractional composition (biodegradable and non-biodegradable compounds like food waste, paper, textiles, plastics) and physico-chemical properties (such as moisture content, calorific values, trace elements). The research will also include general calculations of energy balance and economic costs of the incineration plant. Thus, the selected criteria will assess the following aspects of the incineration plant model: technical, environmental, social, energy, and economic. Key words: Municipal wastes; Solid wastes; Waste management; Open dumping; Incineration; Waste handling; Energy recovery. Реферат. По всему миру, наиболее распространённым способом обращения с мусором является его размещение на свалках. Однако по сравнению с другими способами, создание свалок ненадлежащим способом, типичное для развивающихся стран, не представляет возможности переработки отходов или выработки энергии. В Индонезии большая часть всего собранного мусора оказывается на открытых необорудованных свалках окончательно, что с точки зрения экологии является худшим способом, чем расположение мусора на оборудованных свалках. Основной целью статьи является оценка возможности переработки отходов в энергию с помощью мусоросжигания как вариант надлежащего и устойчивого обращения с мусором в Бандунге. Се...
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • THE MORE WINE, THE MORE GAS' ESTIMATION OF THE BIOENERGY POTENTIAL OF
           WINERY WASTEWATER IN MOLDOVA: CONTRIBUTIONS TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

    • Authors: Charles Amarachi OGBU, Marek JELÍNEK, Tatiana ALEXIOU-IVANOVA, Iulia CORMAN
      Pages: 85 - 91
      Abstract: Abstract. Wine is one of the most ancient commodities in the world. The critical residues from the wine industry are grape leaves, stems, grape pomace, grape seeds, yeast lees, tartrate, and wastewater. The indiscriminate disposal of produced wastewater has adverse environmental and health consequences. Nevertheless, winery effluent has substantial prospects as an energy source. Hence, this paper aims to briefly showcase the potential of energy generation from wastewater in the wine industry through anaerobic digestion. From literature and statistical records, in 2018, the cultivation of grapes in Moldova covered about 126,873 ha of land and produced 730,171 t of grapes, with over 24% pressed for wine production. Consequently, the industry released over 6 billion litres of wastewater. Therefore, by anaerobic digestion of this effluent, there is a potential for the wine industry to produce 459,166 MWh of electricity annually to satisfy nearly 287,000 people. This potential represents a very important step towards energy self-sufficiency of the wine industry and a contribution to the sustainable development goals concerning wastewater, energy and sanitation. Key words: Biofuel; Biogas; Cleaner production; Sustainable development; Waste valorisation. Реферат. Вино является одним из древнейших товаров потребления в мире. Важнейшими остаточными продуктами винодельческой промышленности являются виноградные листья, гребни виноградной грозди, виноградные выжимки, виноградные косточки, дрожжевой осадок, тартраты и сточные воды. Неизбирательная утилизация образующихся сточных вод приводит к неблагоприятным последствиям для окружающей среды и здоровья. Однако сточные воды виноделия имеют существенные перспективы в качестве источника энергии. Поэтому, данное исследование направлено на то, чтобы вкратце продемонстрировать потенциал производства энергии из сточных вод в винодельческой промышленности посредством процесса метанового брожения. Согласно данным из литературы и статистическим данным, в 2018 год...
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • EVALUAREA PERFORMANȚELOR ECOLOGICE ALE MOTORULUI CU APRINDERE PRIN
           COMPRIMARE ALIMENTAT CU DIVERSE TIPURI DE COMBUSTIBILI

    • Authors: Eduard BANARI
      Pages: 92 - 96
      Abstract: Abstract. The research reflected in this study aimed to determine the ecological performance of the compression ignition engine (4DC (110X125) powered by diesel oil, rapeseed biodiesel (B 100) and diesel oil-biodiesel mixture (B20 (diesel oil 80% + biodiesel 20%), B50 (diesel oil 50% + biodiesel 50%)), based on experimental tests at the stand. The purpose was achieved by using a gas analyzer (Cartec CET 2000) that allowed the measurement of the concentration of pollutant emissions from exhaust gases at various loads and speeds of diesel engine operation. It was established that powering the engine with biodiesel and diesel oil-biodiesel mixture produces a minimal impact on the environment by reducing the concentration of harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere. Key words: Biodiesel; Diesel oil; Carbon dioxide; Carbon monoxide; Hydrocarbons; Oxygen. Rezumat. Cercetările au avut ca scop evaluarea performanțelor ecologice ale motorului cu aprindere prin comprimare (4DC (110X125) alimentat cu motorină, biodiesel (B100) transesterificat din ulei de rapiță şi amestec din motorină și biodiesel (B20 (motorină 80% + biodiesel 20%), B50 (motorină 50% + biodiesel 50%)), în cadrul încercărilor experimentale la stand. Scopul propus s-a realizat prin folosirea unui analizator de gaze (Cartec CET 2000) care a permis măsurarea concentrației emisiilor poluante din gazele de eșapament la diverse sarcini și turații ale funcționării motorului diesel. Alimentarea motorului cu biodiesel și amestec de motorină și biodiesel produce un impact minim asupra mediului, prin reducerea concentrației de substanțe nocive emise în atmosferă. Cuvinte-cheie: Biodiesel; Motorină; Bioxid de carbon; Monooxid de carbon; Hidrocarburi; Oxigen.
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • SISTEM PENTRU DESHIDRATAREA FRUCTELOR CU EFICIENȚĂ
           ENERGETICĂ ÎNALTĂ

    • Authors: Victor POPESCU, Natalia ȚISLINSCAIA, Sergiu Popa, Vitali VIȘANU, Mihail BALAN, Mihail MELENCIUC, Cristian MALAI
      Pages: 97 - 102
      Abstract: Abstract. The paper is dedicated to streamlining the process of fruit dehydration, by microwave treatment in the tunnel, mainly by reducing electricity consumption. To address this issue, an experimental system for fruit dehydration was developed, thus the research being conducted applying a tunnel-type dehydrator. The experiments were performed on the example of apricots, peaches and plums. The results obtained with the application of the experimental system were compared with those obtained based on the classical dehydration technology. Fruit dehydration based on the developed system reduces the consumption of electricity by about 1.37 times, compared to the application of classical technology. Key words: Dehydration system; Fruit dehydration; Microwave treatment; Tunnel effect; Energy consumption. Rezumat. Articolul este consacrat eficentizării procesului de deshidratare a fructelor prin tratarea cu microunde în tunel, urmărindu-se în prim plan reducerea consumului de energie electrică. Pentru abordarea acestei probleme a fost elaborat un sistem experimental pentru deshidratarea fuctelor care aplică un deshidrator de tip tunel, în baza căruia au fost realizate cercetările. Experimentele au fost realizate pe exemplul caiselor, piersicilor și prunelor. Cercetările au demonstrat că deshidratarea fructelor în baza noului sistem propus, permite reducerea consumului de energie electrică de circa 1,37 ori în comparație cu tehnologia clasică. Cuvinte-cheie: Sistem de deshidratare; Deshidratarea fructelor; Tratare cu microunde; Efect tunel; Consum de energie.
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • STUDIUL PRIVIND INSTALAȚIA PENTRU USCAREA SEMINȚELOR ÎN
           STRAT SUSPENDAT

    • Authors: Victor POPESCU, Mihail BALAN, Igor BEȘLEAGĂ, Constantin NESTERENCO, Tatiana BALAN, Alexandru DICHII
      Pages: 103 - 107
      Abstract: Abstract. The paper is focused on streamlining the seed drying process using the method of suspended layer treatment. The research was carried out with three types of oilseeds (grape, sea buckthorn seeds and linseeds), based on an experimental drying plant using convection and SHF as treatment agents. The results demonstrated that seed treatment process in a suspended layer ensures the increase of the speed and reduces the drying time. Moreover, the application of the developed installation allows to reduce the consumption of electricity and to reduce the costs of technological processing. Key words: Drying plant; Suspended layer; Energy consumption; Efficiency. Rezumat. Studiul este consacrat eficientizării procesului de uscare a semințelor prin metoda de tratare în strat suspendat. Cercetările au fost realizate cu 3 tipuri de semințe (semințe de struguri, semințe de in și semințe de cătină albă) în baza unei instalații experimentale care utilizează în calitate de agenți de tratare convecția și SHF. Rezultatele obținute au demonstrat că tratarea semințelor în strat suspendat asigură creșterea vitezei procesului și reduce timpul de uscare. De asemenea, aplicarea instalației elaborate permite reducerea consumului de energie electrică și contribuie la reducerea cheltuielilor de prelucrare tehnologică. Cuvinte-cheie: Instalație de uscare; Strat suspendat; Consum de energie; Eficiență.
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • INFLUENȚA FRUCTELOR ASUPRA PROPRIETĂȚILOR ORGANOLEPTICE ALE IAURTULUI
           DIN LAPTE DE CAPRĂ ȘI VACĂ

    • Authors: Tatiana CUȘMENCO
      Pages: 108 - 115
      Abstract: Abstract. The objectives of this study were to analyze the yogurt processed from a mixture of goat and cow milk (series I) and goat milk (series II) with the addition of fruit puree of black chokeberries (Aronia melanocarpa), raspberries (Rubus idaeus) and strawberries (Fragaria ananassa). From the physico-chemical point of view, sugar content in the goat milk yogurt with strawberies had the lowest values (2.79±0.01 %). At storage, the best evolution of syneresis (1.05 ± 0.04-2.01 ± 0.05 ml/100 ml) and water holding capacity (66.6 ± 0.02-56.1 ± 0.01%) was observed in the mixture of goat/cow milk yogurt with strawberries. From a chromatic point of view, color characteristics with the highest values (85.31 ± 2.75-83.00 ± 3.54) were noticed in the goat/cow milk yogurt with black chokeberries. From an organoleptic point of view, goat/cow milk yogurt with strawberries obtained and kept its highest score, having a refreshing aroma, smooth and viscous gel and a sweet taste. Key words: Yogurt; Goat milk; Cow milk; Fruit puree; Syneresis; Sugars; Color. Rezumat. Obiectivele acestui studiu au fost analiza iaurtului procesat din amestec de lapte de capră și vacă (seria I) și lapte de capră (seria II) cu adaos de piure din fructe de aronia (Aronia melanocarpa), zmeură (Rubus idaeus) și căpșuni (Fragaria ananassa). Din punct de vedere fizico-chimic, conținutul de zaharuri în probele de iaurt din lapte de capră cu căpșuni a prezentat cele mai mici valori (2,79±0,01%). La păstrare, cea mai bună evoluție a sinerezei (1,05±0,04-2,01±0,05 ml/100 ml) și a capacității de reținere a apei (66,6±0,02-56,1±0,01 %) s-a observat la iaurtul din lapte de capră și lapte de vacă cu căpșuni. Din punct de vedere cromatic, caracteristicile de culoare cu cele mai înalte valori (85,31±2,75-83,00±3,54) au fost observate la iaurtul din lapte de capră și lapte de vacă cu fructe de aronia. Din punct de vedere organoleptic, iaurtul din lapte de capră și lapte de vacă cu căpșuni a obținut și și-a păstrat cel mai înalt punctaj, având aromă răcoritoare, consistența unui gel vâscos, neted și un gust dulceag. Cuvinte-cheie: Iaurt; Lapte de capră; Lapte de vacă; Piure de fructe; Sinereză; Zaharuri; Culoare.
      PubDate: 2022-08-18
       
  • DEFINIREA METODOLOGIEI SPECTROFOTOMETRICE UV-VIS DE EVALUARE A
           CONCENTRAȚIEI MALONDIALDEHIDEI CA MARKER AL CALITĂȚII ÎN
           TRASABILITATEA A TREI TIPURI DE CARNE

    • Authors: Valentina STICI, Tatiana COSTIN
      Pages: 116 - 124
      Abstract: Abstract. This research represents a follow-up of previous original investigation on the methodology for evaluating biochemical indicators in the quality of pork, beef and chicken in accordance with the technology of the slaughter stage. The UV-VIS spectrophotometric approach enables to determine the concentration of the malondialdehyde that in the investigation is defined as the freshness indicator of the fresh meat obtained after slaughter, which is a very important standard of traceability. In the proposed methodology, the investigated biochemical reaction consists in building the red chromogen with λ = 532 nm between thiobarbituric acid and malondialdehyde in the glacial acetic acid medium. A comparative analysis of the significant limit difference according to ANOVA was done between the meat samples kept in the thermostat and those placed in the refrigerator, and this confirmed the hypothesis of the rancidity mechanism in the raw material. Key words: Meat; Peroxidase; Thiobarbituric acid; Malondialdehyde; UV-VIS spectrum. Rezumat. Această cercetare vizează metodologia de evaluare a indicatorilor biochimici ai calității cărnii de porc, vită și pui în conformitate cu tehnologia etapei de abatorizare. Abordarea spectrofotometrică UV-VIS oferă posibilitatea de a determina concentrația malondialdehidei în calitate de indicator al prospețimii materiei prime obținute în urma sacrificării. Reacția biochimică pe care se bazează metodologia propusă constă în formarea cromogenului roșu cu λ=532 nm între acidul tiobarbituric și malondialdehidă în mediul acidului acetic glacial. Analiza comparativă a limitei diferenței semnificative conform ANOVA între probele de carne păstrate în termostat și cele amplasate în frigider confirmă ipoteza mecanismului de râncezire a materiei prime. Cuvinte-cheie: Carne; Peroxidaza; Acid tiobarbituric; Malondialdehidă; Spectru UV-VIS.
      PubDate: 2022-08-21
       
  • EVALUĂRI MICROBIOLOGICE ALE UNOR SORTIMENTE DE BRÂNZETURI

    • Authors: Rita GOLBAN
      Pages: 125 - 134
      Abstract: Abstract. The scientific researches presented in this paper aimed to study the aspects of the bacterial microflora in some assortments of cheese in their fresh state and in various refrigeration periods, sold in the industrial network, according to the scheme of classical microbiological laboratory procedure. Bacterioscopic and bacteriological investigations evaluated the number of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus colonies, yeast cells and conditionally pathogenic species in hard and soft cheeses. Obtained data confirmed the presence of a normal bacterial microflora resulted from the lactic fermentation mechanism. Potential pathogenic microorganisms like Salmonella, Staphylococcus and coliform bacteria were not identified. These researches are of public interest as evidenced by the fact that dairy products sold in markets are of high quality and meet food safety and marketing requirements. Key words: Cheeses; Microflora; Streptococcus; Lactobacillus; Food safety. Rezumat. Cercetările ştiinţifice reflectate în acest studiu au avut ca scop studierea microflorei bacteriene în unele sortimente de brânzeturi în stare proaspătă și în diverse perioade de refrigerare, comercializate în rețeaua industrială, după schema conduitei microbiologice clasice de laborator. Prin cercetări bacterioscopice și bacteriologice s-a evaluat numărul de colonii microbiene Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, ale celulelor levurice și ale speciilor condiționat patogene în brânzeturi cu pastă tare și moale. Rezultatele au confirmat o microfloră bacteriană normală obținută prin mecanismul de fermentaţie lactică. Microorganisme potențial patogene din categoriile Salmonella, Staphylococcus și bacterii coliforme nu au fost identificate. Aceste cercetări prezintă interes public, demonstrând că produsele lactate comercializate în reţeaua de magazine sunt calitative şi corespund cerinţelor de siguranță alimentară și de comercializare. Cuvinte-cheie: Brânzeturi; Microfloră; Streptococcus; Lactobacillus; Siguranță alimentară.
      PubDate: 2022-08-21
       
  • POTENȚIALUL REPRODUCTIV LA VACILE DE IMPORT ȘI AUTOHTONE EXPLOATATE
           PENTRU PRODUCȚIA DE LAPTE ÎN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA

    • Authors: Vera GRANACI, Valentin FOCȘA, Alexandra CONSTANDOGLO
      Pages: 135 - 142
      Abstract: Abstract. The results of the investigation of main reproduction indices of populations of imported (Holstein breed) and indigenous (Moldovan type of Black-Motley breed) cows are presented. The functionality of the reproductive system in the herd of cows of Moldovan type of Black-Motley breed is clearly superior compared to the Holstein cows populations. In all investigated populations the service-period correlates very strongly positively with the duration of calving interval, very strongly negatively with the coefficient of reproductive capacity of cows and very weakly positively with the duration of lactation. Positive and partially very weak negative correlative links persist with regards to milk productivity indices on normal lactation. Very weak and weak negative correlative links were revealed between the coefficient of reproductive capacity of cows and the amount of milk on normal lactation in all investigated populations. Key words: Cows populations; Moldovan Black-Motley type; Holstein breed; Correlation; Reproduction indices. Rezumat. Articolul prezintă rezultatele investigării principalilor indici de reproducție la populațiile de vaci autohtone (Bălțată cu Negru de tip moldovenesc) și de import (Holstein de origine olandeză). Indicii de reproducție la efectivul de vaci de rasa Bălțată cu Negru de tip moldovenesc sunt net superiori comparativ cu populațiile de vaci Holstein de import. Perioada de serviciu corelează foarte puternic pozitiv cu durata intervalului dintre fătări, foarte puternic negativ cu coeficientul capacității reproductive a vacilor și foarte slab pozitiv cu durata lactației. Persistă legături corelative pozitive și parțial negative foarte slabe în ceea ce privește relația dintre perioada de serviciu și indicii productivității de lapte pe lactația normală. La toate populațiile investigate se evidențiază legături corelative negative foarte slabe și slabe ale coeficientului capacității reproductive a vacilor cu cantitatea de lapte per lactație normală. Cuvinte-cheie: Populații de vaci; Tipul Bălțat cu Negru Moldovenesc; Holstein; Corelații; Indici de reproducție.
      PubDate: 2022-09-20
       
  • OPTIMIZING THE USE OF PROTEIN IN THE YOUNG CATTLE BODY

    • Authors: Tatiana GOLUBENKO, Olena RAZANOVA
      Pages: 143 - 152
      Abstract: Abstract. The organization of complete feed rations for cattle meeting the needs of animals in energy, protein, amino acids, minerals and vitamins in terms of basic nutrients and biologically active substances represents the main condition to achieve the genetic potential of productivity. The purpose of the paper was to optimize the protein utilization in the body of young cattle by synchronizing the processes of fermentation of nitrogen-containing substances and carbohydrates in feed. Barothermal treatment of concentrated feed mixtures with high protein degradability and a high content of non-structural carbohydrates causes a more uniform fermentation of nutrients, intensification of microbial protein synthesis processes and an increase in the efficiency of energy use of carbohydrates and protein nitrogen by rumen microflora. This is evidenced by an increase in the number of ciliates by 4.4–8.1% and a decrease in the concentration of ammonia and volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid by 5.2–9.2 % and 3.4–4.3 %, respectively. A decrease in nitrogen losses is indicated by a decrease in the content of urea in animals’ blood by 2.0–9.0%. Extrusion of concentrated feeds with high protein degradability and high content of non-structural carbohydrates improves animal productivity and feed efficiency. The average daily gain in live weight increases by 4.8-6.0% in the experimental group. As a result, feed consumption is reduced by 2.7-6.9%, while protein consumption is reduced by 2.6-5.7%. Key words: Bulls; Feed; Extrusion; Barothermal treatment; Protein; Carbohydrates; Productivity.
      PubDate: 2022-08-21
       
  • ENGAGING STAKEHOLDERS IN ORDER TO INCREASE THE QUALITY OF THE AGRICULTURAL
           HIGHER EDUCATION – CURRENT STATE AND DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT

    • Authors: Veronica PRISĂCARU
      Pages: 153 - 158
      Abstract: Abstract. The main objectives of the research were to assess the stakeholder engagement in ensuring the quality of agricultural higher education in the Republic of Moldova, to identify related problems and, on this basis, to propose directions to address them. In order to achieve these objectives, the following research tools were used: the synthesis of conceptual approaches to stakeholder engagement in educational activities; the thematic structured interview; generalization; deduction; formulation of reasoning and conclusions. The investigation resulted in identifying and specifying deficiencies in cooperation with stakeholders in agricultural higher education in the Republic of Moldova and making proposals of directions to increase its effectiveness. The research was carried out within the project “Predictive approaches to increasing the quality of skills in agricultural higher education based on the partnership with the business environment”, No. 20.80009.0807.41, contracting authority - National Agency for Research and Development. Key words: Agricultural higher education; Authentic engagement; Stakeholder engagement; Republic of Moldova
      PubDate: 2022-08-21
       
  • ENTERPRISE-LEVEL ANALYSIS ON AWARENESS, PRACTICES AND BARRIERS OF CIRCULAR
           ECONOMY IN THE FRUIT PROCESSING SECTOR: IN ARMENIA

    • Authors: Davit MARKOSYAN
      Pages: 159 - 164
      Abstract: Abstract. The current production model in the agri-food industry is not environmentally conscious and as a result, we face the challenges of extensive and inefficient resource use along with a massive amount of waste. The major objective of this study is to analyze the awareness, practices, and corresponding barriers among the selected enterprises on the circular economy. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods have been used in this study. A survey-based questionnaire has been designed by the author and 40 companies operating in the fruit processing sector (dry fruit and jams production) have been asked to fill in the survey. The results show that although 80% of the respondents are aware of the circular economy, the practices are not intensively implemented and the barriers associated are very diverse including financial burdens such as access to agricultural credits, lack of practical knowledge, and the necessary infrastructure as well as small production volumes, which doesn’t promote innovation and alternative production in the enterprises. Key words: Circular economy; Circular businesses; Fruit processing; Sustainable production; Environmental protection.
      PubDate: 2022-08-21
       
 
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