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Research in Plant Sciences
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2333-8512 - ISSN (Online) 2333-8539
Published by Science and Education Publishing

[75 journals]

Genetic Diversity and Structure in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Accessions Collected in Central and Northern Côte d’Ivoire Based on
Agro-morphological Traits
- Authors: Fofana Inza Jésus; Yao Saraka Didier Martial, Koffi Eric-Blanchard Zadjéhi
  Pages: 1 - 8
  Abstract: The agronomic potential of local groundnut cultivars grown in Central and Northern Côte d'Ivoire is less well known. This study aims to characterize the different groundnut accessions with a view to improving pod and seed yield. Thus, 14 groundnut accessions were evaluated using 19 agro-morphological traits. The results showed significant variability for the majority of these traits. The analysis of the agro-morphological structuring showed that the 4 traits, namely the number of pods (Ngo), number of seeds (NGr), pod yield per hectare (RGof), and yield per hectare of the dry weight of pods (RGoS) were the most relevant to discriminate the accessions into 3 distinct classes. The study of the existing correlation between vegetative and production traits revealed that seed yield is positively correlated with stem height, number of days to flowering, seed length, and seed width. The multivariate analysis of the traits indicated that accessions PA38 and PA18 gave the best vegetative state. Regarding phenological stages, accession PA18 (Dger = 7.00 ± 0.95 days); (NJM = 91.25 ± 2.89 days) was earlier. Regarding seed yields, accession PA38 (436.97 ± 27.59 kg/ha) was the most productive. The agro-morphological groups obtained can constitute gene pools to be used by groundnut research program of Peleforo GON COULIBALY University for groundnut improvement in Côte d’Ivoire.
  PubDate: 2023-05-17
  DOI: 10.12691/plant-11-1-1
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)
Larvicidal Activity of Tawa-tawa (Euphorbia hirta) and Oregano (Origanum
vulgare) Ethanolic Leaf Extracts against Yellow Fever Mosquito (Aedes
aegypti)
- Authors: Pam Euza A. Bayon; Alieyah Neash A. Omaña, Vanessa Shayne A. Colegio, Vin Rosel A. Tagactac, Ian Jay P. Saldo, Mary Jade P. Dandoy
  Pages: 9 - 14
  Abstract: Tawa-tawa (Euphorbia hirta) and Oregano (Origanum vulgare), a well-known herbal plants endemic to tropical countries like the Philippines that are known to contain various bioactive components that had been used in traditional medicine. Despite its wide use and established efficacy, the plants’ full potential has not yet been fully explored. Thus, this study sought to investigate the larvicidal activity of both plants as a potential larvicide for Yellow Fever Mosquitos (Aedes aegypti) which are known as diseases-carriers of yellow fever and dengue fever, specifically: determine their phytochemical properties, investigate the mortality rate of yellow fever mosquitoes exposed to both plant extracts, and ascertain if there is a significant difference in the mortality rate of the mosquitoes when exposed to varying concentrations of both plants extracts. The study employed a mixed-methods analysis particularly a qualitative phytochemical screening and quasi-experimental design. Plants extracts are acquired using the maceration technique and Wagner’s test and Salkowski test were used to determine phytochemical properties. The study employed larvicidal bioassay on mosquito larvae that were exposed to the leaf extracts utilizing a container with a 50 mL volume of the solution with varying concentrations for three trials. Phytochemical screening revealed that both leaf extract contains alkaloids and has no terpenoids. One-way ANOVA revealed that at a significant level of 0.05, the p-value of 0.00, there has been a significant difference in the mortality rate of Yellow fever mosquitoes when exposed to Tawa-tawa and Oregano extracts; thus the study’s null hypothesis was rejected. It is evident that both plant leaf extract was deemed effective as larvicides against mosquito larvae; however, further studies on dose analysis and lethal concentration may be considered to fully explore the plant extracts’ full potential.
  PubDate: 2023-06-13
  DOI: 10.12691/plant-11-1-2
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Pandakaki-Puti
(Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Poir) Ethanolic Plant Extracts
- Authors: Manuel Aulreck Siville V. Sicalan; Alysa Vianca A. Agpalo, Jerleen Tefina R. Meliston, Thea Sofia Cassandra A. Pancho, Ian Jay P. Saldo, Jevoy Gumanyao, Mary Jade Peñafiel-Dando
  Pages: 15 - 21
  Abstract: Resistance of microorganisms, primarily bacteria, to antimicrobial treatments is a major potential global health risk, especially in developing countries. Investigating and developing new antibacterial agents is crucial to combat this antibacterial-resistant microorganism. T. pandacaqui plants have been known as herbal medicine and are widely distributed in the Philippines, but limited studies have been done on this plant species. Thus, this study aims to conduct phytochemical screening and determine the antibacterial activity of Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Poir. The biologically active constituents of the plant were identified using qualitative phytochemical screening, while the Kirby-Bauer method was used for the antibacterial test. The study's findings indicate that phenols and tannins were only present on the leaves and stem, while triterpenoids were present in all plant parts. The study also found that the T. pandacaqui plant extract exhibited a zone of inhibition for both bacterial strains but mostly against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The root extracts were observed to have a zone of inhibition against P. aeruginosa in all concentrations for all concentrations (14.8mm at 25mg/ml, 13.8mm at 50mg/ml, 10mm for 75mg/ml, and 11.8 for 100mg/ml) while the leaf (75mg/ml with 10mm) against P. aeruginosa and stem extracts (8mm at 25mg/ml for S. aureus, and 8.8mm at 25mg/ml for P. aeruginosa). The results indicated a statistically significant difference in the stem and root extract's efficacy against P. aeruginosa (p=0.000). The current findings indicate that T. pandacaqui extracts have antimicrobial activity against both bacterial strains but mostly against P. aeruginosa. Additional research is needed to determine the antimicrobial potential of the crude extracts against other infectious agents.
  PubDate: 2023 -07- 2
  DOI: 10.12691/plant-11-1-3
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)
Evaluation of the Effect of the Aqueous Extract of the Recipe of the
Leaves of O. Grastissium and the Steam Bark of T. Superba on Acetic
Acid-Induced Spasms in Wistar Rats
- Authors: Boukongo R. P; Elion Etou RDG, Mambeke H. M, Etou Ossibi AW, Morabandza C. J, Abena AA
  Pages: 22 - 28
  Abstract: Intestinal spasms are violent contractions that occur in the intestine. Aside from treatment with conventional medications, certain medicinal plants are widely used alone or in combination in traditional congolese medicine to treat spasms. This study aims to evaluate the antispasmodic effects of an aqueous extract of the recipe made from the leaves of O. gratissimum and the bark of T. superba. The spasms were induced 1 hour after administration of the aqueous extract by intraperitoneal injection of 1% acetic acid; the duration of the experiment varied from 30, 60 and 90 minutes. Then, the animals were sacrificed after anesthesia with ethyl ether, the peritoneum was rinsed with 0.9% Nacl, the peritoneal fluid obtained in order to measure prostaglandins (PGE2α and PGF2α), as well as oxidative stress parameters. The aqueous extract at the doses (125,250 and 500 mg/kg) used has an antispasmodic effect which resulted in a significant reduction (p
  PubDate: 2023-11-10
  DOI: 10.12691/plant-11-1-4
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)