Authors:Joyce Monteiro da Silva; Marcos Antônio Souza dos Santos, Wânia Mendonça dos Santos, Joyce dos Santos Saraiva, Maria Lúcia Bahia Lopes, Nilson Luiz Costa, Bruno Cabral Soares, João Paulo Borges de Loureiro, Cyntia Meireles Martins, Geany Cleide Carvalho Martins Abstract: This study evaluates the effects of socioeconomic, environmental, and institutional variables on the bee honey market in the state of Pará, from 1990 to 2019. The generalized method of moments was used to create the econometric model for estimation. The results show that the supply of honey is price-inelastic and that the rate of forest deforestation strongly impacts honey production. The creation of the Federação das Associações de Apicultores do Estado do Pará was denoted an important institutional landmark for the beekeeping production chain; however, the effects of incentive policies such as rural credit are limited and do not meet the needs of beekeepers. Institutional market policies are ineffective and rarely accessed by beekeepers; however, they represent an opportunity to diversify marketing channels. Honey is a product of biodiversity that is economically classified as a superior good and its demand is price-inelastic. Honey and its derivatives lack marketing strategies to enable their competitive insertion in new markets and government programs; these would enable access to broader markets in cities and lead to the acquisition of more consumers in the future. PubDate: Tue, 19 Apr 2022 19:38:42 -070
Authors:Thiago Jaccoud Machado; Antônio Carlos Cóser, Gercilio Alves de Almeida Jr, Adriano Conti Hupp, Mirton José Frota Morenz, Priscila Alvarez Cabanez, Cristiano Falcão Tavares, Mario Santos de Azevedo, Barbara do Nascimento Lemos Hupp Abstract: This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the changes in the ingestive behavior and in the intake of crossbred Santa Inês lamb fed Tifton 85 hay associated to levels of concentrate supplementation. Twenty lambs, weaned and uncastrated, with initial body weight (BW) of 20.3 ± 3.6 kg were distributed in four treatments with Tifton 85 hay exclusive or associated with concentrate levels (0.0, 6.6, 13.3 and 20.0 g kg-1 d-1 BW), in a completely randomized design with five replicates. The ingestive behavior was evaluated through feeding, rumination and idleness parameters, feeding and rumination efficiencies, as well as dry matter (DMI), neutral detergent fiber (NDFI) and crude protein (CPI) intakes. Supplementation did not change the NDFI, but linearly increased the DMI and CPI expressed in g day-1, g kg-1 day-1 BW and g kg-1 day-1 BW0.75. Despite of this the regressions obtained for time spent with feeding, rumination and total chewing showed decreasing behavior when expressed in minutes day-1 or in minutes kg-1 DM. The feeding (g hour-1) and rumination (g hour-1 and g cud-1) efficiency of DM and CP also increased linearly. The higher levels of supplementation provided less time spent with feeding and rumination activities and, consequently, longer time with idleness. PubDate: Thu, 17 Mar 2022 19:14:14 -070
Authors:Adepoju Abimbola Oluwayemisi; Obialo Chibueze John, Ibitola Oluwakemi Racheal Abstract: Education, identified as the substratum of any serious nation’s growth and development, is regarded as an instrument for social change, as well as the process of preparing an individual to become a functional and acceptable member of society. It also ensures the character and moral development of the young learners and the development of sound attitudes for both genders. This study examined gender differentials in educational attainment in rural Nigeria, employing the t-test, analysis of variance and the ordinary least squares regression model for analysis. The major factor which negatively influenced factors affecting educational attainment of female-headed households was the cost of schooling while factors such as the organization running the school and means of transportation had positive effects on the educational attainment of female households. On the other hand, while age and occupation of the household head had negative effects on male educational attainment, factors such as the value of asset, the organization running the school and means of transportation had positive effects. The approval and implementation of necessary legislation and policies on education targeted at rural dwellers is of utmost importance. This could center on the provision of more nearby government-owned schools as well as awareness creation on the essence of educating both genders, especially the girl child, with a focus of achieving gender balance in educational attainment. PubDate: Mon, 14 Mar 2022 00:00:00 -070
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