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First page: 011009 Abstract: AbstractA preliminary approach has been made to assess the concentrated solar energy applications in cement production as well as greenhouse gas mitigation potential. The work starts with identification of processes that utilize thermal energy in cement production. Then, a cluster of cement plants located at different locations in the country has been made. Also, the availability of solar radiation and wind speed at each plant location have been identified. Subsequently, the solar industrial process heating systems have been developed for different locations in the country. Further, solar reactor output, number of heliostats, total land area and mirror surface have been estimated. All these estimations are done by considering three types of thermal losses in solar reactors, i.e., 15, 30 and 45%, respectively. Solar energy can provide a total of 738.11 PJ of thermal energy, which is needed to fulfill the process heating requirement of the calcination process for the manufacturing of cement in India. Solar industrial process heating systems for cement production in India can reduce yearly CO2 emissions by 2457–7648 thousand tons. PubDate: Tue, 27 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1115/1.4065977 Issue No:Vol. 147, No. 1 (2024)
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First page: 061007 Abstract: AbstractConcentrating solar power (CSP) facilities need to ensure alignment of all sun-tracking heliostats onto the sunlight receiver. A method is proposed to keep all heliostats in a CSP facility under closed-loop pointing control while also providing feedback on the detailed alignment of the segment mirrors of each heliostat. The method is based on the sunlight directed toward the receiver, and thus works under full operational conditions and without the need of secondary optical alignments. It is based on retroreflectors (“retros”) to simultaneously return samples of the sunlight reflected by each mirror back to that same mirror. It goes beyond previous efforts at using retros by placing them into the concentrated sunlight, instead of in its periphery. Quartz glass will be used for its heat tolerance, and reflectivity modulation for visibility is achieved by rotating the retros. The technology can be retrofitted into existing CSP facilities to improve operational efficiency, and it can be used to relax the stability requirements of heliostats, and thus their cost, in the planning of new ones. PubDate: Tue, 27 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1115/1.4066119 Issue No:Vol. 146, No. 6 (2024)
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First page: 064001 Abstract: AbstractAn overview of carousel heliostats is given. The general advantages and disadvantages are explained first. To distinguish between the different designs, possible variants of the carousel architecture and of the main components are described. Most of these variants can be found in the designs published so far, which are briefly presented. Finally, the cost efficiency of carousel heliostats in general is discussed. PubDate: Tue, 27 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1115/1.4066120 Issue No:Vol. 146, No. 6 (2024)
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