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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.493  Citation Impact (citeScore): 1 Number of Followers: 10  Partially Free JournalISSN (Print) 2190-6815 - ISSN (Online) 2190-6823 Published by Springer-Verlag  [2468 journals]
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- Biomass-assisted green synthesis and characterization of silver
nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica, Ocimum basilicum, and Curcuma
longa: evaluation of antifungal potential-
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Abstract: Abstract Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered significant attention and found a wide array of uses, such as in the biomedical field, textiles, electronics, food packaging, as well as environmental applications. Considering their distinctive characteristics linked to a significant surface area to volume ratio and their exceedingly small size, they possess remarkable properties. The conventional methods involve hazardous chemicals and generate toxic byproducts which necessitated a greener approach for the production of AgNPs. Moreover, a greener approach is a sustainable and economically viable option that prioritizes environmental friendliness over conventional methods. Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum, Aloe Vera, etc. are some common plants used in Ayurveda from ancient times for its antimicrobial properties. This paper investigates antifungal potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced using plants including leaves and rhizomes (dried and powdered) of neem (Azadirachta indica), basil (Ocimum basilicum) and turmeric (Curcuma longa). The phytonutrient compounds in plants act as not only capping agents but also as reducing agents. The analysis of these formulated AgNPs are performed by diverse characterization techniques such as SEM, FTIR and UV–vis spectroscopy for imaging the surface and checking the optical properties. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited a size range of approximately 10 to 80 nm and displayed diverse morphologies. Maximum absorbance peaks were detected within the 350 to 450 nm range. FTIR examination disclosed the presence of OH, C-H, and C = O functional groups at 3334 cm−1, 2111 cm−1, and 1634 cm−1 respectively, indicating their attachment to the AgNPs obtained through the conversion of plant leaves (neem, basil, and turmeric).
PubDate: 2023-12-05
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- Effect of grid pattern and infill ratio on mechanical, wear, fatigue and
hydrophobic behaviour of abaca bracts biocarbon-ABS biocomposites tailored
using 3D printing-
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Abstract: Abstract In this research, effect of grid pattern and infill ratio on mechanical, wear, fatigue and hydrophobic behaviour of abaca bracts biocarbon-Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) biocomposites were investigated. The biocarbon was prepared from the spathe of waste banana flower via thermo-chemical process. The composites were printed with different grid patterns as well as in-fill ratios. The composite samples printed were further tested as per ASTM standards. According to results the addition of biocarbon of spathe improved the mechanical properties up to 26%. Similarly, the fatigue properties are improved with biocarbon content. The highest fatigue life counts were observed for 2 wt.% of biochar whereas more doze of biochar reduced the fatigue life counts. Moreover the wear behaviour of composites printed shows remarkable outcome. The addition of biocarbon reduced the wear loss as well as sp. wear rate due to improved solid lubricity. Finally, the water absorption results show marginally affected hydrophobic nature of composite. Thus, it is clear that the addition of banana spathe biochar into the polymer improved the load bearing effect, wear stability and fatigue resistance with minor affection in water absorption properties. These load bearing properties improved 3D-printed composites could be used in structure, automotive, defence and medical applications.
PubDate: 2023-12-05
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- Synthesis of biogenic cerium oxide-supported osmium oxide nanoalloy from
Oldenlandia umbellata L. plant extract for pharmacological applications-
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Abstract: Abstract An osmium oxide nanoalloy (CeO2/OsO4 NA) surrounded by cerium oxide has been manufactured using a greenish extract that was extracted from the therapeutically valuable Oldenlandia umbellata L plant. The obtained cerium-embellished osmium oxide nanoalloy was examined by several kinds of methodologies, comprising diffraction of X-rays, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), absorbance analysis (UV–visible), Fourier transforms for infrared radiation (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The calculations took place at 500 °C. Using X-ray diffraction analysis, the originality of the produced nanoalloy has been established, and its size of 23.2 nm was verified. The TEM determined that the crystallite dimensions of the discovered nanoalloy ranged between 22 and 24 nm. Remarkable anti-oxidant (scavenging) properties against the oxidizing agents hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (1: 5 volume ratio) and 2,2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) (7.1 μg/mL) molecules are demonstrated by the CeO2/OsO4 nanoalloy. When tested against dangerous bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E.C.), Staphylococcus aureus (S.A.), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.P.), Bacillus subtilis (B.S.), and multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.A.), the nanoalloy exhibited 93% anti-microbial activity. Based on the MTT assay, the lung cancer (A549) survival rate of cells against CeO2/OsO4 NA was only 30% and 1%, respectively, at concentrations of 5.6 μg/mL and 7.3 μg/mL of nanoalloy.
PubDate: 2023-12-05
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- Polypyrrole-embedded magnetic Neolamarckia cadamba flower biochar for
outstanding Cr(VI) removal from wastewater-
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Abstract: Cr(VI)-comprising wastewater is a major drawback and thus gaining attention from researchers. The present study investigates a facile synthesis of a novel magnetic composite by embedding Neolamarckia cadamba flower biochar with Fe3O4 and polypyrrole (Ppy@MNCFB) for Cr(VI) adsorption from simulated and spiked real wastewater. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, pHZPC, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were used to determine the chemical and physical properties of composite along with Cr(VI) removal mechanism. The material contains heterogeneous particles, holes, and channels. The surface area was found to be 2.4889 m2/g, whereas the pHZPC was 3.76. Ppy@MNCFB composite exhibited an outstanding monolayer Cr(VI) adsorption capacity (111.111 mg/g) at 328 K and 7 pH. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.999) and the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.985–0.996) were well-fitted models to know the adsorption process. The exhausted material was sufficiently regenerated (63.62%) with 0.1 M NaOH and recycled up to four times. The material showed minimal inhibition of Cr(VI) adsorption in the presence of coexistent ions and spiked wastewater, which supports its field applicability. Moreover, it exhibited superiority compared to analogous reported materials. The relative standard deviation (1.758–4.881%) and standard deviation (0.002–0.005) reveal the reliability of the experimental results. The exhausted material after recycling was pyrolyzed to overcome the long-run solid disposal problem with the establishment of a secondary adsorbent with 51% efficiency. Ppy@MNCFB has been validated as an excellent, techno-economic, sustainable, and winning material for Cr(VI) sequestration, thanks to its exceptional adsorption capacities. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2023-12-05
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- Chemical modification of waste cooking oil for the bio lubricant
production through epoxidation process-
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Abstract: The barrier that occurs between traditional and renewable lubricant basestocks needs to be closed by the lubricant industry. Maximal esters conversion was the goal in the synthesis of waste cooking oil methyl esters (WCOME), that were produced from waste cooking oil (WCO). In this study, waste cooking oil was to be used as the principal feedstock to make a biodegradable lubricant-grade ester with better tribological properties than commercial lubricant or cited biolubricants. The final esters physicochemical and tribological characterization came after the three steps of the synthetic process—transesterification, epoxidation, and ring-opening reaction using diverse long chain alcohols. Following the first transformation of WCO into WCOME, more chemical alterations were done. In this study, waste cooking oil underwent chemical epoxidation and ring opening reactions to improve its physicochemical characteristics and tribological characteristics to be utilised as a bio lubricant that can be utilised in various industrial application. The products were confirmed and characterised using NMR and FTIR. The efficacy of these produced bio lubricants was evaluated using a variety of analytical techniques, and it was discovered that it was on par with that of the lubricant that was commercially available or that was cited in the literature. The physico-chemical properties of synthesised esters were determined and compared using established methods. Overall, it was concluded from the physico-chemical and tribological characterization data that the generated esters might be used as a base stock for alternative lubricants in a number of industrial applications. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2023-12-04
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- Terminalia arjuna fruit-derived graphite: a versatile biomaterial
precursor for bone tissue engineering applications-
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Abstract: The development of novel biomaterials for bone tissue engineering is one of the most significant domains of research in nanomedicine. The promising characteristics of graphite open up their practical applications in tissue engineering. The biomaterials developed from graphite such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) can play a crucial role in supporting cell-biomaterial interactions and facilitating bone tissue regeneration. In the present research, a method for the synthesis of graphite from Terminalia arjuna (T. arjuna), is performed with only heat treatment and without chemical treatment. The research focuses on valorizing dried whole fruit (WF), seed (SD), and pericarp (PC) of T. arjuna to produce graphite, thus utilizing non-edible plant resources. For heat treatment, a muffle furnace was employed to subject the dried fruits to various temperature ranges (250–900 °C) for 45 min to obtain graphite. The morphological analysis, elemental composition, and trace elements were analyzed using FESEM-EDS. XRD confirmed the synthesis of crystalline graphite, while FT-IR analysis revealed functional groups for graphite present. According to the experimental results, the optimum temperature ranges for the synthesis of graphite were 650–850 °C for WF and 350–450 °C for both PC and SD. This study showed an efficient, feasible, and reproducible approach for the synthesis of graphite from hydrocarbon-rich fruit waste to synthesize graphene oxide and reduce graphene oxide for developing bioactive scaffolds in bone tissue engineering applications. Graphical
PubDate: 2023-12-04
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- A new copper complex on functionalized magnetic biochar nano-sized
materials as sustainable heterogeneous catalysts for C–O bond formation
in the natural deep eutectic solvent-
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Abstract: Introducing advanced carbon nanomaterials can provide considerable developments in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. In this study, a novel magnetic biochar was prepared via carbonization of semi-parasite Loranthus europaeus plants (wood waste) and Fe3O4-nanoparticles as precursor. Magnetic biochar was subsequently coated with Cu(II) complex to obtain a cost-effective and biocompatible catalyst, i.e., magnetic biochar bis(thiourea) triazine copper (II) complex (MBC@BTT-Cu(II)). This nanocatalyst is capable of promoting C–O bond-forming processes, which allows the formation of phenols in the natural deep eutectic as environmentally, friendly media and neoteric green solvents for the first time. The structures and properties of MBC@BTT-Cu(II) were fully characterized using various physicochemical techniques such as SEM, EDS, TGA, XRD, VSM, BET, CHN, AAS, and elemental mapping analysis. Furthermore, the as-prepared catalyst can be easily separated magnetically for several consecutive runs and exhibits significant recyclability without incredibly losing its activities. Graphical
PubDate: 2023-12-04
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- Optimization of ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction of
polyphenols from Rhamnus alaternus for their antioxidant activity-
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Abstract: Polyphenols, a major group of bioactive compounds in plants, present excellent health benefits correlated to their antioxidant properties. In this study, we aimed to develop and optimize ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction, as a potential of green and eco-friendly extraction technique to obtain better yield of polyphenol and flavonoid compounds from Rhamnus alaternus leaves, and evaluate their antioxidant capacity. The DES selected was composed of choline chloride-glycerol (ChCl-Gly) in a molar ratio of 1:2 (v/v). Moreover, the optimization of extraction was investigated using response surface methodology with Box-Behnken design. The optimal extraction conditions (temperature 20 °C, extraction time 31.30 min, and water content in DES of 31.87%) resulted in extract containing 123.90 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight (d.w.) of polyphenols and 38.39 mg quercetin/g d.w. of flavonoids. This optimal extract was endowed with DPPH radical scavenging capacity (IC50, 24.05 µg/mL), reducing activity (EC50, 128.03 µg/mL), and iron-chelation activity (EC50, 195.34 µg/mL). Additionally, some differences in the microstructure of the R. alaternus leaf sample investigated before and after optimal extraction were observed using scanning electron microscopy. To conclude, the ultrasound-assisted DES extraction process is a green and high-efficient technique to obtain extracts enriched in polyphenols and flavonoids and endowed with high antioxidant properties. Graphical
PubDate: 2023-12-04
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- Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Acacia sinuata seed extract
and evaluation of their mosquitocidal and anticancer (Caco-2 and MG-63
cell) activity-
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Abstract: Abstract The field of nanotechnology has shown tremendous potential in delivering ecofriendly solutions for a wide range of applications, such as pest management and pharmaceutics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become extremely relevant due to their simple to make, improved bioavailability, and various uses in the medical field. In this investigation, Acacia sinuata silver nanoparticles (As-AgNPs) were synthesized in a simple, cost-effective, and eco-friendly manner utilizing the reducing and capping properties of the Acacia sinuata seed extract. The mosquitocidal potential of As-AgNPs was investigated against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi larvae, vectors responsible for the transmission of malaria, dengue, and Zika. Furthermore, the anticancer activity of As-AgNPs was assessed against the human cancer cell lines MG-63 and Caco-2. The NPs were verified and identified using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques which included UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The analysis revealed NPs to be stable, crystalline in nature, most of them to be spherical, size ranging from 4 to 26 nm with an average diameter of 15.54 ± 5.36 nm with polydispersity index of 0.34. As-AgNPs exhibited significant mosquitocidal activity, against 3rd instar larvae of Aedes aegypti (LC50 23.03, LC90 38 ppm) and An. stephensi (LC50 28.71, LC90 46 ppm) after 24 h of exposure. The As-AgNPs also exhibited strong anticancer activity against Caco-2 cell lines, with IC50 values of 1.03±0.13 μg/mL and moderate activity against MG-63 cell lines with IC50 values of 21.03±0.24 μg/mL. These findings imply that green synthesized As-AgNPs have potent larvicidal and anticancer properties, making them useful for targeted drug delivery, cancer treatment, and drug design.
PubDate: 2023-12-04
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- Development and mechanical characterization of PLA composites reinforced
with jute and nettle bio fibers-
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Abstract: Abstract Awareness of sustainable utilization of materials boosted the consumption of natural resources to develop non-toxic and biodegradable composite materials for different synergistic applications. In the present study, composite materials were developed by the biopolymer (polylactic acid) as a matrix and bio-fibers (jute and nettle) as reinforcement. The goal of the present study is to utilize the natural resources in the field of material science and evaluate the physical properties (density and surface roughness) and mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact strength) of all developed bio composites. Experimental results showed that the incorporation of fiber reinforcement with polylactic acid (PLA) enhanced the results of mechanical properties of all developed composites as compared to neat PLA composite. Hybridization of fiber reinforcement with polylactic acid (PLA) also achieved substantial changes in each property as compared to single-fiber reinforced composite material. Nettle/PLA composite achieved a higher density of 1.378 and minimum surface roughness of 0.918 as compared to another developed composite. Tensile strength and Young’s modulus were the highest of hybrid jute/nettle/PLA composites at 2.426 MPa and 69.68 MPa. Hybrid jute/nettle/PLA had the highest flexural strength and flexural modulus of 157.33 MPa and 16219.4 GPa. Impact strength was achieved by jute/PLA composite at 17.6 kg/cm2 as compared to all other developed composites. Thus, it was found that hybridization of jute and nettle fiber provided the better mechanical performance of composite materials.
PubDate: 2023-12-02
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- Production of silica nanoparticles from rice husk and rice straw by
fungal-mediated biotransformation using Pleurotus florida-
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Abstract: Abstract Agriculture waste needs proper management for a balanced ecosystem. The management of such waste can be used to produce bioenergy, conserving nonrenewable resources and producing nanoparticles. This study reports the utilization of rice husk and straw in an innovative bio-transformative route to isolate silica nanoparticles (SiNPs). The rice husk and straw were initially subjected to mushroom cultivation, followed by the extraction of SiNPs from the spent substrates. The SiNPs obtained from the raw straw and husk samples and from the spent substrates were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). FESEM results showed that the particle size of SiNPs lies between 15 and 30 nm and 25 and 30 nm for rice husk and straw, respectively. The mushroom yield of Pleurotus florida was 26.9% and 53.1% for rice husk and rice straw, respectively. The total yield of SiNPs from spent husk and straw was 67.5% and 26.2%, respectively. The nanoparticles derived from rice husk and straw inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (59.9 ± 1.3% and 65.3 ± 2.4%, respectively) and Escherichia coli (68.5 ± 2.8% and 70.1 ± 2.5%) at a 100 mg/ml SiO2 concentration. Present study results suggest that raw husk and straw and spent husk and straw could serve as a potential source for the production of SiNPs.
PubDate: 2023-12-02
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- Environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Rumex
alveolatus and their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger-
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Abstract: Abstract Production of nanoparticles (NPs) can be achieved through three main methods: physical, chemical, and biological. Among these, biological methods are particularly advantageous due to their low cost, ease of implementation, rapidity, non-toxicity, reproducibility, and environmentally friendly nature. Silver nanoparticles have garnered significant attention across various research fields owing to their diverse applications, including their antibacterial and antifungal properties. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized utilizing an extract derived from Rumex alveolatus, and their antifungal effects against Aspergillus niger were investigated. The biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles were comprehensively characterized through optical, structural, morphological, and chemical analyses employing various techniques, such as UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, particle size analysis (PSA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The absorption spectra confirmed the successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), evident from the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks observed around 450 nm. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited notable inhibitory activity against A. niger. To assess the inhibitory effect of the nanoparticles on A. niger growth, the fungi were cultured in a medium containing varying concentrations of nanoparticles ranging from 25 to 400 ppm. The results revealed that the synthesized AgNPs exhibited a spherical morphology with sizes ranging from 25 to 100 nm. Furthermore, it was observed that silver nanoparticles exerted the most significant inhibitory effect at concentrations of 200 and 400 ppm.
PubDate: 2023-12-02
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- Syntheses and applications of iron-based functional materials for
bioenergy production: a review-
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Abstract: Abstract The earth abundant and environmentally friendly element iron (Fe) forms various functional materials of metallic iron, iron oxides, iron carbides, natural iron ore, and iron-based metallic-organic frameworks. The Fe-based materials have been intensively studied as oxygen carriers, catalysts, adsorbents, and additives in bioenergy production. This review was to provide a fundamental understanding of the syntheses and characteristics of various Fe-based materials for further enhancing their functionalities and facilitating their applications in various bioenergy conversion processes. The syntheses, characteristics, and applications of various iron-based materials for bioenergy conversion published in peer-reviewed articles were first reviewed. The challenges and perspectives of the wide applications of those functional materials in bioenergy conversion were then discussed. The functionalities, stability, and reactivity of Fe-based materials depend on their structures and redox phases. Furthermore, the phase and composition of iron compounds change in a process. More research is needed to analyze the complex phase and composition changes during their applications, and study the type of iron precursors, synthesizing conditions, and the use of promoters and supports to improve their performance in bioenergy conversion. More studies are also needed to develop multifunctional Fe-based materials to be used for multi-duties in a biorefinery and develop green processes to biologically, economically, and sustainably produce those functional materials at a large scale.
PubDate: 2023-12-02
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- An experimental study on mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of
waste hair-rattan hybrid fiber-reinforced composite-
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Abstract: Abstract Natural fiber-reinforced polymeric composites are gaining a lot of attention in engineering applications because of growing environmental concerns. This study explores the diversity in properties due to the effect of fiber loading (10 wt%, 15 wt%, and 20 wt%) of reinforced hybrid epoxy composites using a novel combination of natural fibers: rattan mat and wastage short hair fibers. Experiments are conducted according to the ASTM standards for evaluating mechanical (tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness) and physical properties (water absorption and biodegradability). Tensile, flexural, and hardness properties, as well as weight loss percentage and water absorption percentage, indicated incremental behavior with increasing fiber loading, whereas for the impact test, it is the opposite. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of composites was carried out to examine the details of chemical composition. Surface morphological analysis of the tensile fracture surfaces reveals the interfacial bonding characteristics between fiber and matrix. Thermo-gravimetric analysis was also used to evaluate the composite’s thermal stability.
PubDate: 2023-12-01
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- Performance evaluation of newly developed environmentally friendly
metalworking fluids during grinding-
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Abstract: Abstract Mineral oil-based metalworking fluids (MWFs) contain toxic and hazardous chemicals, making them dangerous for both humans and the environment. Environmentally friendly MWFs have the potential to lessen or eliminate the negative effects associated with mineral oil-based MWFs. The developed environmentally friendly or biobased MWFs consist of natural, biodegradable, non-toxic, renewable, and environmentally friendly ingredients. These ingredients are soybean oil (0.5% v/v) as a dispersed phase, gum acacia (3% wt/v) as a natural emulsifier, and water as a continuous phase. Moreover, soybean blended neem oil (1:500), and guar gum (0.5% wt/v) were selected as additives. The performance of these formulated MWFs (FFs) was evaluated in terms of grinding characteristics (grinding force, surface roughness, and morphology) and benchmarked with mineral oil-based commercial MWF (CF). The experiments were designed using the Taguchi method. The findings indicate that FFs (S1 and S2) outperformed CF and dry grinding due to their reduced grinding forces, better surface finishes (lower surface roughness), and better surface morphology. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed that the coolant (MWF) type had a great influence on grinding characteristics compared to wheel speed. The improved performance of FFs was due to the formation of lubricious tribofilm on the ground steel surface. This tribofilm reduces the friction between the trio-pair interface. The SEM-EDS mapping confirmed the presence and nature of tribofilm while FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the chemisorption of the tribofilm at the ground steel surface.
PubDate: 2023-12-01
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- Fabrication of glutaraldehyde crosslinked chitosan/algae biomaterial via
hydrothermal process: Statistical optimization and adsorption mechanism
for MV 2B dye removal-
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Abstract: Abstract A cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde/algae (CHS-GTD/AL) composite was synthesized through a two-step process. Firstly, the natural biopolymer chitosan (CHS) was functionalized with algae (AL), introducing additional functional groups to the pristine chitosan. Then, a cross-linking process was carried out using glutaraldehyde (GTD). The resulting CHS-GTD/AL composite demonstrated excellent adsorption properties for methyl violet 2B (MV 2B) dye removal from aqueous solutions. The adsorption behavior of MV 2B by CHS-GTD/AL was extensively investigated using Box-Behnken design (BBD), considering the key factors influencing the adsorption process: CHS-GTD/AL dose (0.02 to 0.1 g/100 mL), time (10 to 180 min), and pH (4 to 10). The equilibrium adsorption of MV 2B by CHS-GTD/AL was well-described by the Freundlich isotherm model. The kinetics of MV 2B adsorption by CHS-GTD/AL followed a pseudo-second-order model, suggesting chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. The adsorption capacity of CHS-GTD/AL for MV 2B was determined to be 123.2 mg/g. The effective adsorption of MV 2B on CHS-GTD/AL can be attributed to the electrostatic forces between the positively charged CHS-GTD/AL and the MV 2B anions, as well as interactions such as n-π and H-bonding. Regeneration study indicated that the CHS-GTD/AL could successfully adsorb MV 2B, even after five cycles. The present work reveals the remarkable potential of CHS-GTD/AL as an excellent adsorbent for the removal of synthetic dyes from wastewater.
PubDate: 2023-12-01
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- Correction to: Biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using
Drynaria Quercifolia tuber extract for antioxidant, antibiofilm,
larvicidal, and photocatalytic applications-
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PubDate: 2023-11-30
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- In vitro screening and characterization of phytochemical products from
Alstonia scholaris (Linn) and its bioactive potential for sustainable
application-
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Abstract: Abstract Plants provide a wide range of organic substances that can treat and manage a range of pharmaceutical and biological conditions. Since Alstonia scholaris is a rich source of biologically active chemicals, it is used as a medicinal herb. It exhibits a broad spectrum of alkaloids, terpenoides, phenols, and steroids. A greater understanding of pharmacological medicines derived from medicinal plants can be achieved by determining the chemical and physical characteristics of compounds. Chromatographic techniques like thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet light visual spectrometry (UV–Vis), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and non-chromatographic methodologies such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction are applied to determine the presence of bioactive compounds in leaves (XRD). Phytochemical analysis of methanol extract showed the presence of alkaloids and flavonoids. Antimicrobial activity was performed using methanol extract, and as a result zone of inhibition was observed. The presence of the alkaloids is employed in pharmacological industries for their anticancer, antimalarial, and antimicrobial effects and the biocrude of this plant biomass used for solid fuel valorization process that fascinate researchers from all over the world.
PubDate: 2023-11-30
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- Correction to: Green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles by Saccharomyces
cerevisiae and their antibacterial activity and photocatalytic degradation
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PubDate: 2023-11-29
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- The use of ionic liquid pretreatment aims to enhance the enzymatic
hydrolysis of green coconut fiber and produce lignin-
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Abstract: Converting green coconut waste into value-added products can be a way to increase the profit margin of coconut exploration companies. Due to its high lignin content in green coconut fiber (GCF), alkaline pretreatments have been prioritized so that investigations with ionic liquids, potential delignifying agents, are still scarce. In this sense, the present study evaluated pretreatments of GCF with choline chloride ([Ch][Cl]] to obtain pretreated biomass enriched in cellulose and high lignin content in the liquid phase. Adding sulfuric acid boosted lignin solubility in [Ch][Cl]-rich liquid phase. The increase in [Ch][Cl] concentration and the increase in incubation time favored the rise of crystallinity and cellulose content in the pretreated GCF. The condition with 75% (w/v) [Ch][Cl], 1% (w/w) sulfuric acid, and a time of 50 min promoted high GCF disorganization, leading to the best enzymatic digestibility result (22.61 g/L), and 71.21% of GCF lignin was accumulated in the liquid phase from pretreatment. The isolated lignin successfully treated oil-contaminated water, achieving 99% oil removal using 0.2 g/L of lignin. Pretreatment with [Ch][Cl] effectively fractionates GCF and appears to be an attractive 2G ethanol technology option for other lignin-rich biomasses. Graphical
PubDate: 2023-11-29
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