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- Polymethoxyflavone-rich Fraction from Citrus sunki Leaves Alleviates Renal
Dysfunction in Mice with Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction
Authors: Songyee Baek, Mi Gyeong Jang, Jae-Won Kim, Hee Chul Ko, Mi Hyun Nam, Sung-Pyo Hur, Soo Ah Park, Se-Jae Kim
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are flavonoid compounds present in citrus plants that are proposed to be advantageous to human health. However, the advantageous effects of PMFs in the context of renal dysfunction are unclear. In this study, we made a PMF-rich fraction (PRF) from the leaves of Citrus sunki Hort ex. Tanaka and identified its components using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. We then investigated the effect of PRF—comprising 9 types of PMF—on renal dysfunction induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice. Animals were divided into four experimental groups (n = 7 per group): I) sham-operated group (Sham); II) UUO group (UUO); III) UUO + Enalapril 0.1 mg/1 mL (UUO + Enap); IV) UUO + PRF 100 mg/kg/day (UUO + PRF). All mice were orally administered with the drugs once a day from 7 days before UUO to 1 week after UUO. After the experiments were over, serum and tissues were taken for biochemical and histological analysis. PRF promoted the recovery of body weight in the background of UUO. Biochemical and histological analysis revealed that PRF ameliorated UUO-induced renal dysfunction and moderately reversed inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Further, PRF inhibited the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), collagen I (Col-I), and collagen IV (Col-IV). These results suggest that PRF improves UUO-induced renal dysfunction by regulating the expression of inflammatory and fibrotic response-related genes.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-24T06:13:35Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221109412
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- In vitro and in silico Evaluation of ACE2 and LOX Inhibitory Activity of
Eucalyptus Essential Oils, 1,8-Cineole, and Citronellal
Authors: Ezgi Ak Sakallı, Kerem Teralı, Ayşe Esra Karadağ, Sevde Nur Biltekin, Müberra Koşar, Betül Demirci,
K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Fatih Demirci
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Eucalyptus essential oils are well-known and used especially in upper respiratory tract pathologies or diseases as herbal drug preparations. In the present study, the in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme inhibitory potentials of commercial Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. essential oils were evaluated for their potential anti-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, the major components, 1,8-cineole and citronellal, were evaluated for their ability to bind at the active site of either human ACE2 or human 5-LOX using an in silico setting. Before activity evaluation, Eucalyptus globulus and E citriodora essential oils were analysed by GC/FID and GC/MS, where 1,8-cineole (30%), and citronellal (80%) were identified as the major components, respectively. The in vitro ACE2 inhibition was calculated as 94.9% for E globulus, and that of E citriodora essential oil as 83.4%. In vitro LOX inhibition experiments for essential oils in the same order showed inhibitions of 71.3 and 91.4%, respectively, at 20 µg/mL test concentrations in microplate-based fluorometric assays. In addition, protein–ligand docking, and interaction profiling was used to gain structural and mechanistic insights into the in silico ACE2 and LOX inhibitory potentials of the major Eucalyptus essential oil constituents, 1,8-cineole as well as citronellal. The resulting data supported the in vitro findings; however, further in vivo studies are needed to confirm the activity.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-24T06:13:12Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221109409
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Analysis on the Structure of Phlorethols Isolated From the Warm-Temperate
Brown Seaweed Sargassum carpophyllum and Their Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Ryosuke Taniguchi, Chihiro Ito, Saki Keitoku, Yoshiaki Miyake, Masataka Itoigawa, Takuya Matsui, Toshiyuki Shibata
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
The brown seaweed Sargassum carpophyllum J. Agardh is an unused warm-temperate species in the family Sargassaceae that has been expanding its distribution along the coastal areas of Japan in recent years. In this study, 3 types of phlorotannins were identified from the EtOAc fraction of the 80% MeOH extract of S. carpophyllum. From the spectroscopic (1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HMBC) and ESI/MS data and comparison with those of prior literature, it was demonstrated that the compounds are oligomers of phlorethol, which is one of the subclasses of phlorotannins, that is triphlorethol B (phloroglucinol trimer), tetraphlorethol C (phloroglucinol tetramer), and pentaphlorethol A (phloroglucinol pentamer). Among the phlorethols, tetraphlorethol C and pentaphlorethol A were isolated and identified for the first time from a brown seaweed collected from the East China Sea, including the coastal areas of Japan. The identified phlorethols were tested for their antioxidant properties. In the antioxidant assay using liposomes, the phlorethols showed comparable inhibitory effects to epigallocatechin gallate (tea polyphenol) and α-tocopherol (liposoluble vitamin) on lipid peroxidation by 4 mM 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride. In addition, it was revealed that pentaphlorethol A has a superoxide anion scavenging activity (50% effective concentration: 21 μM) higher than that (50% effective concentration: 46 μM) of ascorbic acid (hydrosoluble vitamin).
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-24T06:12:55Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221109406
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Immunity-enhancing Micronutrients and Community Pharmacists: An
Opportunity to Expand Self-Care Practices among the Public
Authors: Philip Kwok-Leung Chiu, Edward Fook-Wing Yau, Ching-Lung Cheung
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Background: The urban lifestyle and environment pose a constant immune challenge to city dwellers. A major such challenge is influenza, which creates substantial public health and socio-economic burdens. The global healthcare paradigm has begun emphasizing the importance and cost-effectiveness of self-care in partnership with healthcare professionals such as community pharmacists for the management of mild ailments. For the general public, micronutrient supplementation is an affordable and potentially feasible self-care strategy for immunity enhancement and disease management. At the same time, micronutrient deficiencies are a serious public health concern in both developing and developed areas. Objective: This review focuses on the clinical evidence for the efficacy and safety of three key micronutrients — vitamins C, D and zinc — on respiratory infections. Key findings: These micronutrients are important for optimal immune function through their complementary roles in supporting both innate and adaptive immunity, as well as epithelial barriers. The need to improve public awareness of self-care in prevention and health management is highlighted by recent public health issues and the global fight against antimicrobial resistance. Community pharmacists could play a crucial role in empowering patient autonomy. Conclusion: With this review we aim to offer insights into the supplementation of these micronutrients as a self-care approach to the management of immune health.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-24T06:12:17Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105688
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Ergostane-Type Sterols From Several Cordyceps Strains
Authors: Tatsuro Yoneyama, Hiroki Takahashi, Aleksandra Grudniewska, Sayaka Ban, Akemi Umeyama, Masaaki Noji
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Ergosterol is an essential component for fungi, including entomopathogenic fungi like Cordyceps. Cordyceps has been used as a traditional medicine in Japan and China and possesses various unique ergostane-type sterols, those exhibit bioactivities. In this manuscript, we reported the isolation of 2 new ergostane-type sterols, 1 and 2 along with ten sterols (3-12) from 7 strains of Cordyceps related fungal strains, Cordyceps takaomontana NBRC 101754, Metarhizium owariense NBRC 33258, Polycephalomyces formosus NBRC 109994, Cordyceps tuberculata NBRC 106948, Cordyceps tenuipes NBRC 108997, Cordyceps sp. NBRC 106954, and Tolypocladium paradoxum NBRC 106958 collected fruiting bodies of Ophiocordyceps heteropoda. In addition, the antitrypanosomal activity and antimicrobial activity of isolates were tested to find 6 showed the antitrypanosomal activity, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was confirmed as 1.41 µg/mL. In the antimicrobial assay, the MIC value of 8 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was determined to be 3.1 µg/mL.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-24T03:35:05Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105363
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Corrigendum to “Antiviral Potential of Indian Medicinal Plants Against
Influenza and SARS-CoV: A Systematic Review”
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-24T02:35:04Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105409
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Resveratrol Protects Against Nicotine-Induced Apoptosis by Enhancing
Autophagy in BEAS-2B Lung Epithelial Cells
Authors: Li He, Jin Tong
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Background: Nicotine (Nic), the major component of tobacco products, can induce apoptosis in lung epithelial cells, and the resulting damage contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Apoptosis is closely related to autophagy. Resveratrol (Res) can induce autophagy and inhibit apoptosis. Therefore, the present study investigated whether Nic induces apoptosis of lung epithelial cells by regulating autophagy and the effect of Res on apoptosis of Nic-exposed lung epithelial cells. Methods: The BEAS-2B lung epithelial cell line was used to study the harmful effects of Nic and the potential benefits of Res as well as the underlying mechanisms. Viability and apoptosis were examined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and annexin V-propidium iodide staining, respectively. The expression of levels of apoptosis-related proteins, autophagy-related proteins, and members of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was measured by western blotting. Autophagic flux was detected via mRFP-GFP-LC3 double-labeled adenovirus transfection and transmission electron microscopy. Results: Nic significantly reduce the viability and increased the apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Nic treatment also increased the numbers of autophagosomes in BEAS-2B cells and upregulated LC3II and p62 expression. Moreover, Res at concentration of 2, 10, and 50 μM protected BEAS-2B cells from Nic apoptosis, and the expression of LC3II increased further and p62 decreased in Res pretreatment group. Apart from this, Res reduced Akt and mTOR phosphorylation. Subsequently, upon inhibiting PI3K phosphorylation by PI3K inhibitors, BEAS-2B cell autophagy induced by Res was obviously abolished. Conclusions: Nic-induced BEAS-2B cell apoptosis by inhibiting the late-stage autophagic flux, but Res could protect BEAS-2B cells from the detrimental effects of nicotine by enhancing autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. These results will provide an experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of COPD.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-22T07:13:40Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221109410
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Biomolecular Chemical Simulations on Enantioselectivity and Reactivity of
Lipase Enzymes to Azulene Derivatives
Authors: Yoichiro Yagi, Takatomo Kimura, Makoto Kamezawa
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Biomolecular chemical simulations have recently become a useful research method in the fields of organic chemistry and bioscience. In the last few years, we have been focusing on the biomolecular computational simulation on lipase enzyme and ligand complexes to predict the enantioselectivity and reactivity of lipases toward non-natural organic compounds. In this paper, we describe the molecular simulations including molecular dynamics (MD) and fragment molecular orbital (FMO) calculations for the complexes of Candida antarctica lipase type A (CALA) and trifluoromethylazulene alcohol derivatives. From the MD calculations, we found that the fast-reacting enantiomer of esters with high enantioselectivity stays in the vicinity of the active site of CALA, while the slow-reacting enantiomer leaves the active site of CALA. On the other hand, both (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of ester with low ensntioselectivity were found to keep near to near the active site of CALA. Further, for the esters that do not react with lipase enzyme, we found that both (R)- and (S)-enantiomers move away from the active site of lipase enzyme. From the FMO calculations, we found that each fast-reacting enantiomer of esters with high enantioselectivity strongly interacts with certain particular amino acid residues in CALA containing Asp95, while both (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of ester with low enantioselectivity interact with same amino acid residues in CALA including Asp95. These results suggest that it is possible to predict not only the enantioselectivity but also the reactivity of CALA and to identify the amino acid residues important to the enzymatic reaction. Therefore, we consider that our computational simulations would be a useful method for predicting and understanding the reactivity and the enantioselectivity of lipase-catalyzed biotransformations.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-22T07:13:36Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221108572
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Four Clerodane Diterpenoids From Ptychopetalum Olacoides
Authors: Miwa Kubo, Hisaka Tajima, Wanxia Tang, Kenichi Harada, Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
A phytochemical component investigation of the bark of Ptychopetalum olacoides led to the isolation of 4 new clerodane-type diterpenoids, namely, ptycholide V (1), 7α,20-dihydroxykolavelool (2), ptycholide VI (3), and ptycholide VII (4). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data and comparison of NMR data with that obtained for known compounds.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-20T04:14:38Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221108534
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Effects of Inhalation of Essential Oil From Pelargonium graveolens on the
Autonomic Nervous System of Awake Mice
Authors: Tadaaki Satou, Asuka Kawata, Ayano Hasegawa, Nanako Matsushita, Tsukushi Inoue
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Autonomic nervous system disorders have many causes, and thus, no effective remedy for these disorders has been established. In this study, we conducted animal experiments with essential oil from Pelargonium graveolens (EOPG, geranium essential oil), which may regulate the autonomic nervous system. EOPG was administered to awake mice by inhalation. Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed from the pulse wave of the mice on an elevated platform, and the ratio of sympathetic to parasympathetic nerve activity was determined. The results showed that inhalation of EOPG did not affect the heart rate but made activity of the parasympathetic nervous system dominant. This effect was thought to be due to linalool, a component of EOPG that was transferred into the brain and body.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-20T04:12:57Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221109419
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Molecular Docking and Dynamics of Phytochemicals From Chinese Herbs With
SARS-CoV-2 RdRp
Authors: Jingyao Lu, Wenpeng Lu, Houli Jiang, Changshui Yang, Xiaoyun Dong
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
The novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Ancient Chinese herbal formulas are effective for diseases caused by viral infection, and their effects on COVID-19 are currently being examined. To directly evaluate the role of Chinese herbs in inhibiting replication of SARS-CoV-2, we investigated how the phytochemicals from Chinese herbs interact with the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP). Total 1025 compounds were screened, and then 181compounds were selected for molecular docking analysis. Four phytochemicals licorice glycoside E, diisooctyl phthalate, (-)-medicocarpin, and glycyroside showed good binding affinity with RdRp. The best complex licorice glycoside E/RdRp forms 3 hydrogen bonds, 4 hydrophobic interactions, 1 pair of Pi-cation/stacking, and 4 salt bridges. Furthermore, docking complexes licorice glycoside E/RdRp and diisooctyl phthalate/RdRp were optimized by molecular dynamics simulation to obtain the stable conformation. These studies indicate that they are promising as antivirals against SARS-CoV-2.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-17T02:51:11Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105693
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Repellency and Toxicity of Selected Fractions, Identified Compounds and
Blends of Commiphora africana Resin Against Bedbugs
Authors: Norman W. Wairagu, Benson M. Wachira, Joseph K. Githiomi, Nellie Oduor, Margaret M. Ng’ang’a
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Bedbugs are blood-feeding arthropods that cause anemia in humans upon heavy feeding. Control measures are unsuccessful due to resistance to development, environmental pollution, and cost. There is a need to explore natural herbal-based phytochemicals to combat bedbugs. In this study, compounds from Comiphora africana resin were sequentially extracted, fractionated, identified, and evaluated against bedbugs as individual compounds and in combinations. The chemical constituents of the most active fraction were identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Results showed that the dichloromethane crude extract had the highest mean repellency (98.5% with an LC50 of 4.96 mg/L after 24 and 72 h of exposure time, respectively), similar to the positive control (neocidol). Column chromatographic separation of the dichloromethane extract yielded 9 fractions where “FR7” (eluted with 60% n-hexane in ethyl acetate) demonstrated the highest mean repellency of 79.0% with an LC50 of 10.12 mg/L after 2 and 24 h exposure times, respectively. From the identified compounds of FR7, cedrol had significantly (P
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-14T06:07:58Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221106898
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Multiple Fingerprint Profiles and Chemometrics Analysis of Polysaccharides
From the Roots of Glehnia littoralis
Authors: Yongshuai Jing, Hao Zhang, Ruijuan Zhang, Lei Su, Beibei Hu, Danshen Zhang, Yuguang Zheng, Lanfang Wu
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
The quality of polysaccharides from different regions was studied by using multiple fingerprint analysis and chemometric analysis. Polysaccharides from 10 batches of Glehnia littoralis were compared based on Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). According to the results, the 10 batches of polysaccharides from G littoralis had high similarity by analyzing HPLC, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and GPC fingerprints. Through cluster analysis, samples and adulterants in different regions could be classified. Three monosaccharides (galactose, glucose, and galacturonic acid), molecular weights (4.33 × 105-4.91 × 105, 4.04 × 104-4.71 × 104, and 5.02 × 103-5.83 × 103), and H-1 (4.99, 5.39, and 5.42 ppm) of α-glucose could be used as markers for quality control of medicinal materials of the roots of G littoralis.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-13T06:38:51Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221106902
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Oxyresveratrol Reduces the Migration of Human Osteosarcoma Cell U2OS via
Attenuating STAT3 Activation
Authors: Tao Lv, Xiuzhang Ye, Zhen Jian, Zeyuan Zhong,
Chongjing Zhang, Chengqing Yi, Baoqing Yu
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Objective: Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor with high metastatic properties that are associated with increased mortality and poor prognosis. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective treatment for metastatic osteosarcoma. Oxyresveratrol (ORES), derived from mulberry twigs and fruits, has antitumor effects. However, it remains unknown whether ORES inhibits osteosarcoma metastasis. In this study, we determined the inhibitory effect of ORES on osteosarcoma metastasis. Key Findings: ORES attenuated the migration of U2OS cells, dose-dependently increased E-cadherin expression, and reduced N-cadherin expression in U2OS cells, indicating that ORES can inhibit epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, ORES inhibited the expression of Twist, which is associated with the downregulation of STAT3 phosphorylation. IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation rescues the inhibitory effect of ORES on U2OS metastasis. Summary: Our results indicate that ORES is a potential therapeutic agent for metastatic osteosarcoma. ORES inhibits osteosarcoma cell migration by reducing EMT formation.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-13T06:38:12Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221102031
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- A New Liposomal Formulation of Hydrogenated Anacardic Acid to Improve
Activities Against Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Le Tri Vien, Nguyen Thi Nga, Phung Thi Kim Hue, Tran Hoang Bao Kha, Nguyen Hong Hoang, Pham Thi Hue, Pham Ngoc Thien, Chi-Ying F Huang, Phan Van Kiem, Do Thi Thao
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Anacardic acid (AA) is a natural active ingredient that accounts for 65% of the liquid extract from the shell of the cashew nut. Due to the stronger cytotoxic activity of hydrogenated AA (HAA) against NTERA-2 cancer stem cells (CSCs) than AA itself, HAA was co-conjugated with CD133 monoclonal antibody (mAb^CD133) into nanoliposomal particles (AMC). This nanoliposomal complex is expected to improved HAA activities against CSCs based on the targeting capacity of mAb^CD133 toward CD133, a typical CSCs’ surface marker. AMC was manufactured with a mean size of 100.9 nm, a zeta potential of −40.7 mV, and a PDI of 0.283. We report a 100% encapsulation efficiency of HAA into liposomes and a 90.7% conjugation efficiency with mAb^CD133. The penetration of AMC into NTERA-2 CSCs after 2 h was 83.7%. The AMC complex inhibited NTERA-2 growth with an IC50 (inhibition concentration at 50%) value of 75.83 ± 6.70 µM, showing the targeting ability and lower toxicity (IC50 > 100 µM) on healthy cells. The AMC nanoparticles also demonstrated significant potential apoptotic induction by activating caspase 3 activity by up to 2.57 and 2.06 folds compared to that of the negative control at 20 and 4 µM, respectively. This induction was significant improvement in comparison with that of unconjugated HAA (P
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-06T05:09:45Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105696
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Effects of a Cordyceps militaris With Herba epimedii Complex on Chronic
Renal Failure Induced by Adenine in vivo
Authors: Changyang Ma, Xuebiao Wang, Wenjing Shao, Qingchun Zhao, Jinfeng Wei, Zhenhua Liu, Changqin Li
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
In this paper, the relieving effects of Cordyceps militaris and Herba epimedii complex on chronic renal failure (CRF) induced by adenine were investigated. The CRF model with severe damage to kidney tissue and abnormality of physiological and biochemical indices was established by administrating Sprague Dawley male rats daily with adenine (250 mg/kg). After treatments with the complex, the levels of serum creatinine (P < .001), urea nitrogen (P < .001), uric acid (P < .001), and P3+ (P < .01) were significantly decreased, while the levels of estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (P < .001), nitrite oxide (P < .001), and Ca2+ (P < .001) were significantly increased. The damage to kidney tissue of CRF rats was obviously ameliorated. All the treatment groups showed therapeutic effects of CRF induced by adenine. The Cordyceps militaris and Herba epimedii complex showed the best effect at the dose of 10.4 + 10.4 mg/kg/d.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-06T05:08:46Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105373
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Comprehensive Analysis of the Herbal Mixture Made of Juniperus oxycedrus
L. Berries, Inner Bark of Betula pendula Roth., and Grains of Avena sativa
L.
Authors: Ivana Zlatanović, Miroslava Stanković, Jovana Ickovski, Ivana Dimitrijević, Gordana Stojanović
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
This is the first report of the high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry profile of a herbal mixture (HM) made of Juniperus oxycedrus L. (redberry juniper) berries, inner bark of Betula pendula Roth. (silver birch), and grains of Avena sativa L. (oat), and its effect on the No. of micronuclei (MN) in human lymphocytes and toxicity toward Artemia salina. Constituents represented by over 1000 µg per g of methanol dry extract were gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, and amentoflavone. The methanol extract of the HM at a concentration of 2.0 μg/mL decreased MN frequency by 38.3%, which was more than 3 times greater than that of the radioprotectant amifostine. The essential oil isolated from the HM was composed mainly of β-myrcene (32%) and showed weaker toxicity toward Artemia salina than the positive control after both incubation periods (24 h and 48 h). These findings suggest that the examined HM, beside its ethnopharmacological relevance on the elimination of renal calculi, also significantly reduces the No. of MN in human lymphocytes.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-06T05:08:16Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105689
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Isoegomaketone From Perilla frutescens Ameliorates Dextran Sodium
Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice
Authors: Ye-Ram Kim, Ah-Reum Han, Jin-Baek Kim, Shugeng Cao, Chang Hyun Jin
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a worldwide health problem. An effective treatment for IBD is unavailable, and potential therapeutic agents should be developed for treating colonic inflammation. In this study, we demonstrated that isoegomaketone (IK), an essential oil component of a mutant cultivar of Perilla frutescens produced through radiation breeding, reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and interleukin-12p40, in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse primary macrophages. Furthermore, when 5 mg/kg IK was administered to mice with dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, it ameliorated the severity of the disease as assessed by survival, body weight, and colonic damage. These results suggested that 5 mg/kg IK has a preventive effect in colitis and can be a novel alternative therapy for treating colitis.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-06T05:07:53Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105694
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- New 1,4-Dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indoles Induce Antiproliferation of Acute
Authors: Vo Ngoc Binh, Sabrina Adorisio, Domenico V. Delfino, Quoc Anh Ngo
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Research on multitargeting drugs is emerging, focusing on the discovery of agents that simultaneously act on more than one biological target. Here, a novel synthetic route to access the fused-heterocycles 1,4-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indoles (4) from pyrazolo[4,3-c][2,1]benzothiazine 4,4-dioxide (3) via [H2O–SO2] elimination and an intramolecular ring-closing reaction is reported. Two lead compounds 3b and 4b were found to show significant inhibition of cell growth by suppressing cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 phases and inducing apoptosis of the acute myeloid leukemia OCI-AML3 cell line. Both compounds also significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-β (at all tested concentrations), whereas no effect was seen on other cytokines (interleukin-4, interferon-γ, interleukin-9, interleukin-12). Thus, these compounds are promising leads in the discovery of novel anticancer agents.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-06T05:07:45Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105692
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- A Network Pharmacological Elucidation of the Systematic Treatment
Activities and Mechanisms of the Herbal Drug FDY003 Against Esophageal
Cancer
Authors: Ho-Sung Lee, In-Hee Lee, Kyungrae Kang, Sang-In Park, Minho Jung, Seung Gu Yang, Tae-Wook Kwon, Dae-Yeon Lee
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Despite accumulating evidence for the value of herbal drugs for cancer treatment, the mechanisms underlying their effects have not been fully elucidated in a systematic manner. In this study, we performed a network pharmacological analysis to elucidate the anti-esophageal cancer (EC) properties of the herbal drug FDY003, a mixture of Artemisia capillaris Thunberg (AcT), Cordyceps militaris (Linnaeus) Link (Cm), and Lonicera japonica Thunberg (LjT). FDY003 reduced human EC cell viability and increased the pharmacological effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. There were 15 active pharmacological chemicals targeting 61 EC-associated genes and proteins in FDY003. The FDY003 targets were key regulators of major oncogenic EC-associated signaling pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), p53, Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog (ErbB), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) cascades. These EC-associated genes, proteins, and pathways targeted by FDY003 determine the malignant behaviors of EC cells, including cell death, survival, division, proliferation, and growth. This network pharmacological analysis provides an integrative view of the mechanisms by which FDY003 contributes to EC treatment.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-06T05:04:48Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221105362
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
- Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Staurosporine Derivatives
Authors: Gang Li, Dan Wu, Yanchao Xu, Wenwen He, Dongyang Wang, Weiming Zhu, Liping Wang
Abstract: Natural Product Communications, Volume 17, Issue 6, June 2022.
Twenty-four derivatives of staurosporine were synthesized by modification at the 3′-N, 3- and 7-positions. Of these compounds, 16 were synthesized for the first time and their structures were determined by NMR spectroscopy, ECD, and HRESIMS. Their inhibitory activities against seven tumor cell lines, MV4-11 (leukemia), MCF-7 (breast carcinoma), HCT-116 (colon cancer), TE-1 (esophageal carcinoma), PATU8988 T (pancreatic cancer), HOS (osteosarcoma) and GBC-SD (gallbladder cancer), and human normal liver cell L-02 were evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8. The IC50 values for 7-oxo-3′-N-benzoylstaurosporin (4) on MV4-11 and PATU8988 T cells were 0.078 and 0.666 μmol/L, and the selection indexes were 1254 and 147, respectively. The IC50 values of 7-oxo-3-chloro-3′-N-benzoylstaurosporine (5) and (7R)-7-hydroxy-3-bromo-3′-N-acetylstaurosporine (24) on MCF-7 cells were 0.029 and 0.021 μmol/L, and the selection indexes were 102 and 221, respectively. The above compounds have the potential to be developed further into antitumor drugs due to the advantages of high efficiency and low toxicity.
Citation: Natural Product Communications
PubDate: 2022-06-06T05:04:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221103036
Issue No: Vol. 17, No. 6 (2022)
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