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- Evaluation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase Pathway for Assessing the
Antidepressant-like Effect of Glucosamine as a Radioprotector in Rats:
Behavioral and Biochemical Studies
Authors: Mai H. Mekkawy, Heba M. Karam, Marwa A. Mohamed, Dina M. Lotfy
Abstract: Dose-Response, Volume 21, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
Radiotherapy is a very important tool in the treatment of cancer; nevertheless, its side effects are a hindrance to its use. The present study is designed to evaluate glucosamine effects against radiation-induced brain oxidative stress and depression-like effect in rats. Four groups of female Wister rats were used as control, irradiated (4 × 2 Gy), glucosamine (1 g/kg P.O), and glucosamine + irradiated group. The behavioral responses are estimated. The brain hippocampi of the rats are separated to evaluate oxidative stress biochemical parameters and glycogen synthase kinase pathway in addition to the biogenic amines. Irradiation exposure led to disturbances in the behavioral assessments (forced swimming test, light–dark box, and open field test) and a significant decrease in brain GSH, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine), phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), and phosphorylated protein kinase-B (p-AKT) levels. Additionally, MDA and ROS levels increased significantly post-irradiation along with the phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase (p-GSK3). Glucosamine administration before irradiation caused improvement in the behavioral valuations and the biochemical parameters in the brain as well. Glucosamine might be used as a radioprotector to improve brain function and as an antidepressant drug. It could be promising as a future therapy in managing depression occurring during radiotherapy.
Citation: Dose-Response
PubDate: 2023-11-22T07:58:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/15593258231217845
Issue No: Vol. 21, No. 4 (2023)
- Insecticidal and Repellent Activities of Four Essential Oils Against
Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Hany Ahmed Fouad, Cláudio Augusto Gomes da Câmara, Marcílio Martins de Moraes, Wagner de Souza Tavares, Jesusa Crisostomo Legaspi, José Cola Zanuncio
Abstract: Dose-Response, Volume 21, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Corymbia citriodora, Melaleuca alternifolia (Myrtaceae), Mentha × piperita (Lamiaceae), and Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae) essential oils as an alternative to manage Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) adults.MethodsAcute contact toxicity, acute toxicity on treated maize grain, fumigation toxicity, repellency bioassays, and GC-MS analysis of the essential oils were carried out.ResultsCorymbia citriodora, M. alternifolia, M. × piperita, and S. terebinthifolius oils were toxic at different levels to S. zeamais through residual contact, ingestion and via fumigation, and were also repellent to adults of this pest. Melaleuca alternifolia oil was the most active in contact (LC50 = 18.98 μL.mL−1), ingestion (LC50 = 1.03 μL.g−1), and fumigant (LC50 = 20.05 μL.L−1 air) bioassays. Citronelal (53.6% in C. citriodora), terpinen-4-ol (46.9% in M. alternifolia), menthol (44.8% in M. × piperita), and β-caryophyllene (16.2% in S terebinthifolius) are the major constituents of these oils.ConclusionsMelaleuca alternifolia and M. × piperita essential oils can be used by residual contact, while those of C. citriodora, M. alternifolia, and M. × piperita by mixing with maize grains. Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil can be used as a fumigant, while those of C. citriodora and S. terebinthifolius as repellents for S. zeamais adults.
Citation: Dose-Response
PubDate: 2023-11-21T07:38:07Z
DOI: 10.1177/15593258231210263
Issue No: Vol. 21, No. 4 (2023)
- Complexing Properties of Synthesized 1,3,5-Triaza-7-Phosphaadamantane
Derivatives Towards Some Lanthanides and Transition Metal Cations With
Significant Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Lassaad Baklouti, Besma Mellah, Waleed S. Koko
Abstract: Dose-Response, Volume 21, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
The synthesis of new water-soluble N-alkylated derivatives of 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane is presented. Ru(PPh3)2Cl2 has been used to react with 1-(4-nitrobenzyl)-3,5-triaza-1-azonia-7-phosphaadamantane bromide (PTAR). By using elemental analysis, NMR, and IR spectroscopy, the obtained compounds were identified. The UV-visible absorption spectroscopy has been used to monitor the complexation of various transition metal cations. Studies on conductivity have been utilized to validate the complexes’ stoichiometries. Using the disc diffusion method, five bacteria strains were used for the study of the antimicrobial activity of compounds 1-3. All tested pathogens, including M luteus LB 141107, were found to have strong biologic activity against the compounds tested in this study. Additionally, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) has been tested for its ability to scavenge hydrogen peroxide and free radicals. According to our results, these compounds exhibit excellent radical scavenging properties.
Citation: Dose-Response
PubDate: 2023-11-16T09:42:59Z
DOI: 10.1177/15593258231216274
Issue No: Vol. 21, No. 4 (2023)
- Green Lead Nanoparticles Induced Apoptosis and Cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231
Cells by Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3/7 Enzymes
Authors: Wadyan Lafi Alsulami, Daoud Ali, Bader O. Almutairi, Khadijah N. Yaseen, Saad Alkahtani, Rafa A. Almeer, Saud Alarifi
Abstract: Dose-Response, Volume 21, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
Nanoparticles are widely used in the pharmaceutical, agriculture, and food processing industries. In this study, we have synthesized green lead nanoparticles (gPbNPs) by using an extract of Ziziphus spina-christi leaves and determined their cytotoxic and apoptotic effect on the human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line. gPbNPs were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The toxicity of gPbNPs was determined on the MDA-MB-231 cell line using MTT and NRU assays and as a result cell viability was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner. MDA-MB-231 cells were more sensitive at the highest concentration of gPbNPs exposure. In this experiment, we observed the production of intracellular ROS in cells, and induction of caspase 3/7 was higher in cells at 42 µg/ml of gPbNPs. Moreover, the Bax gene was upregulated and the Bcl-2 gene was downregulated and increased caspase 3/7 activity confirmed the apoptotic effect of gPbNPs in cells. Our observation showed that gPbNPs induced cell toxicity, increased generation of intracellular ROS, and gene expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that gPbNPs executed toxic effects on the MDA-MB-231 cell line through activating caspase 3/7 activity.
Citation: Dose-Response
PubDate: 2023-11-10T04:23:00Z
DOI: 10.1177/15593258231214364
Issue No: Vol. 21, No. 4 (2023)
- Air Pollution and Cardiac Diseases: A Review of Experimental Studies
Authors: Laura C. Palacio, Diana C. Pachajoa, Carlos A. Echeverri-Londoño, Javier Saiz, Catalina Tobón
Abstract: Dose-Response, Volume 21, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
Air pollution is associated with around 6.5 million premature deaths annually, which are directly related to cardiovascular diseases, and the most dangerous atmospheric pollutants to health are as follows: NO2, SO2, CO, and PM. The mechanisms underlying the observed effects have not yet been clearly defined. This work aims to conduct a narrative review of experimental studies to provide a more comprehensive and multiperspective assessment of how the effect of atmospheric pollutants on cardiac activity can result in the development of cardiac diseases. For this purpose, a review was carried out in databases of experimental studies, excluding clinical trials, and epidemiological and simulation studies. After analyzing the available information, the existence of pathophysiological effects of the different pollutants on cardiac activity from exposure during both short-term and long-term is evident. This narrative review based on experimental studies is a basis for the development of recommendations for public health.
Citation: Dose-Response
PubDate: 2023-11-04T11:12:20Z
DOI: 10.1177/15593258231212793
Issue No: Vol. 21, No. 4 (2023)
- Curcumin's Dose-Dependent Attenuation of Gastric Cancer Cell Progression
Via the PI3K Pathway Blockade
Authors: Gen Xi, Qingtao Dong, Bo Yang, Desheng Jiao, Shahanavaj Khan
Abstract: Dose-Response, Volume 21, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
Background: Gastric cancer stands as a primary cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, making the discovery of new therapeutic agents essential for enhancing treatment outcomes. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound found in turmeric (Curcuma longa), has demonstrated potential in multiple cancer types due to its anti-cancer characteristics. This research aimed to examine the impact of curcumin on gastric cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion, as well as its influence on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling cascade.Methods: Gastric cancer cell lines were exposed to varying curcumin concentrations, followed by assessments of cell viability, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, gene and protein expression levels associated with the PI3K signaling cascade were evaluated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis.Results: The findings revealed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability, migration, and invasion in gastric cancer cells treated with curcumin. Additionally, curcumin administration led to the downregulation of key genes and proteins within the PI3K signaling process, such as PI3K, Akt, and mTOR.Conclusion: These findings propose that curcumin may exercise its anti-cancer effects on gastric cancer cells, partly by suppressing the PI3K signaling pathway. This study's outcomes support curcumin's potential as a therapeutic agent for gastric cancer and encourage further exploration of its underlying molecular mechanisms and in vivo effectiveness.
Citation: Dose-Response
PubDate: 2023-11-04T05:32:30Z
DOI: 10.1177/15593258231203585
Issue No: Vol. 21, No. 4 (2023)
- Assessing the Risk of Secondary Cancer Induction in Radiosensitive Organs
During Trigeminal Neuralgia Treatment With Gamma Knife Radiosurgery:
Impact of Extracranial Dose
Authors: Ghazale Geraily, Ali Ameri, Atefeh Mahmoudi, Mohadese Moafee, Javad Teymouri
Abstract: Dose-Response, Volume 21, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
PurposeGamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) delivers high-dose external radiation to a small intracranial lesion. However, scattering and leaked radiation can deposit a portion of the dose outside the radiation field, which may pose a risk to radiation-sensitive patients, such as pregnant women. Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is treated with one of the highest GKRS doses (80–90 Gy). This study aimed to estimate the risk of secondary cancer induction in the uterus, ovaries, thyroid gland, and eyes of TN patients undergoing GKRS.MethodsRadiation doses to the uterus, ovary, eyes, and thyroid gland were measured for 25 female TN patients, with a mean age of 35 years, utilizing Thermo Luminescent Dosimeters (TLD).ResultsThe mean absorbed dose for the uterus, ovary, thyroid gland, and eyes were .63 ± .24, .471 ± .2, 8.26 ± 1.01, and 10.64 ± 1.08 cGy, respectively. Lifetime Attributable Risk (LAR) has been calculated using BEIR VII (2006) method. LAR for the uterus, ovary, and thyroid gland was 1, 2, and 23, respectively.ConclusionThe results of this study and its comparison with standard values demonstrate that on average, mean doses to mentioned organs were smaller than their tolerance doses, and there is no limitation to treating patients suffering from TN by GK.
Citation: Dose-Response
PubDate: 2023-10-26T03:38:26Z
DOI: 10.1177/15593258231210432
Issue No: Vol. 21, No. 4 (2023)
- In Vitro Antioxidant and Inhibitory Study of Picrorhiza kurroa (Kutki),
Syzygium aromaticum (Loung), Lawsonia inermis (Henna), Rheum emodi (Revand
Chini), Curcuma longa (Haldi) Against Lipid Per-Oxidation in Mice Brain
and Liver
Authors: Farooq Hassan, Asmat Ullah Khan, Syed Zahoor ul Hassan Zaidi, Madiha Khan Niazi, Muhammad Amjed ismail
Abstract: Dose-Response, Volume 21, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
The aerobic organisms not only need oxygen for survival, but oxygen is also fundamentally malignant to the aerobic organism on the grounds of free radical generation and their affiliation with free oxidative stress. This study was done to evaluate the antioxidant and protective properties of P kurroa, S aromaticum, L inermis, R emodi, and C longa against lipid peroxidation induced by different pro-oxidants. The aqueous extracts of these medicinal plants showed inhibition against thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) induced by different pro-oxidants (10 mM FeSO4 and 5 mM sodium nitroprusside) in the brain and liver of mice. Moreover, the free radical scavenging activities of the extracts were evaluated by the scavenging of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. L inermis, S aromaticum, and R emodi showed higher inhibitory effects, which could be attributed to their significantly reduced ability and free radical scavenging activities. Therefore, the oxidative stress in the brain and liver could be potentially managed or prevented by the dietary intake of L inermis, S aromaticum, and R emodi plants, which justifies the use of these plants in various degenerative diseases. C longa and P kurroa showed relatively weak antioxidant activities.
Citation: Dose-Response
PubDate: 2023-10-25T09:39:38Z
DOI: 10.1177/15593258231210431
Issue No: Vol. 21, No. 4 (2023)
- Fabrication, Properties, and Stability of Oregano Essential Oil and Sodium
Alginate-Based Wound-Healing Hydrogels
Authors: Dure Najaf Iqbal, Asia Ashraf, Arif Nazir, Samar Z. Alshawwa, Munawar Iqbal, Naveed Ahmad
Abstract: Dose-Response, Volume 21, Issue 4, October-December 2023.
The wound dressings fabricated by polymers and oregano essential oil (OEO) can be very effective as a hydrogel. The current study has been focused on fabricating the hydrogel membranes of oregano oil encapsulated as an antibacterial agent into sodium alginate (SA) solution by solvent casting method and then evaluated the antibacterial, antioxidant activity, and physicochemical performance of SA/OEO-based polymeric membranes. The polymeric interactions, surface morphology, water absorption capability, thermal stability, and encapsulation efficiency were investigated by FT-IR, SEM, swelling ratio, DSC, and encapsulation efficiency. The percentage encapsulation efficiency of essential oil was 40.5%. FTIR validated the presence of molecular interaction between individual components. SEM images showed a rough and porous appearance for hydrogel membranes. Moreover, DSC showed that the fabricated membranes were thermally stable. The inclusion of more content OEO decreased swelling ratios. The antioxidant test was carried out by DPPH assay and antibacterial test through disc diffusion method against microbes. The results revealed that membranes containing the highest content of OEO had more excellent antioxidant and antibacterial efficacy. Therefore, the polymeric membranes of sodium alginate loaded with oregano essential oil can be employed as an effective wound-healing candidate.
Citation: Dose-Response
PubDate: 2023-10-09T03:41:28Z
DOI: 10.1177/15593258231204186
Issue No: Vol. 21, No. 4 (2023)
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