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Nanotechnology for Environmental Engineering
Number of Followers: 0  Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)ISSN (Print) 2365-6379 - ISSN (Online) 2365-6387 Published by Springer-Verlag  [2468 journals]
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- Interfacial engineering using ammonia-functionalized MXene in perovskite
solar cells-
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Abstract: Engineering the morphological and electronic properties for enhanced hole extraction is one of the most crucial routes for achieving high device performance. Interfacial engineering using MXene nanosheets between the absorber and transport layers alters the perovskite film formation and the dynamics of interfacial charge transport. However, the stability of MXenes is a challenge that can be addressed by passivation. Passivation of MXenes by means of functionalization gives rise to unique properties. Despite excellent electrochemical, electrical, and optoelectronic properties, the oxidative degradation of MXenes due to the structural defects limits its stability. Hence passivation of these defect sites on MXenes is required. In this study, neat and ammonia-functionalized MXene is employed at the HTL-active material interface. The 2D MXenes influenced grain growth and optical properties. These hole transport layers (HTLs) have achieved a boost in hole extraction efficiency by aligning band edges, resulting in a notable enhancement in photoluminescence (PL) quenching by 15% and 12%, respectively. The impact of Ti3C2Tx MXenes on current–voltage behaviour, power conversion efficiency (PCE), and the underlying causes were investigated through experimental and simulation-based defect studies. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2023-12-01
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- A glimpse into the performance and synthesis of microbial nanoparticles
and its new advances in soil enrichment and plant nutrition: a review-
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Abstract: To increase agricultural output and feed every living thing on the planet, "sustainable agriculture" is every researcher's top priority. Being nanotechnology, the green approach is the one that uses eco-friendly reducers of the environment to enhance productivity and lessen chemical use. In the green approach, the microbial community is the one having the potential not only to enhance productivity (titanium, 0.4–1, 500, or 300 ppm of silica), but also to act as a nanofertilizer (5 ppm of silver, 1–2000 ppm of zinc oxide, and 0.05–0.1 ppm of carbon nanotubes) for the crop system. In this approach, not only fungal but also rhizobacterial species like Pseudomonas sp. (5 ppm), Bacillus sp. (0.4–1 ppm), Serratia sp. (3 mg/Kg), and Lactobacillus sp. (10 mg/L) have been found to promote plant growth and boost plant yield. The need for chemical reductants can be reduced by exploiting both internal (AuNPs; Actinobacter sp., 5–500 nm) and external (SeNPs; Lactobacillus casei, 50–500 nm) mechanisms of the microbial community for nanoparticle synthesis. Microbial communities increase plant yield but have environmental limits; advances in agriculture systems require considering both positive and negative aspects. The following review outlines the benefits and drawbacks of microbial society for the global community, which is needed for future betterment. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2023-12-01
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- A review on arsenic removal from wastewater using carbon nanotube and
graphene-based nanomaterials as adsorbents-
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Abstract: Abstract Arsenic being the twentieth most abundant metalloid in the earth’s crust is one of the most hazardous elements both for humans and animals. Arsenic results from both man-made and natural activities pose a major health hazard for around 150 million people across the globe due to its carcinogenic properties. Thus, the review article presented the toxic harmful impact of arsenic on the environment, sources of arsenic contamination, and several removal techniques that are being studied and developed by scientists in order to keep the arsenic concentration minimum as prescribed by the World Health Organization maximum contamination level, and finally, what the future holds for arsenic remediation technologies. Adsorption is widely applied to remove arsenic from wastewater. This review will give an insight into the current status of research on arsenic removal from wastewater, applications of carbon nanomaterials, different types of functionalized carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, and their adsorption capacity.
PubDate: 2023-12-01
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- Major challenges and probable scientific solutions toward the large-scale
production of plant-based metallic nanoparticles: a systematic review-
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Abstract: Abstract Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) are widely used in various biomedical and other scientific fields. However, the conventional synthesis methods used in the large-scale production of MNPs are generally considered to be toxic and non-environmentally friendly. Concentrating on alternate synthesis routes, the green synthesis of MNPs is considered safe, cost-effective, biocompatible, and environmentally friendly. The plant flora is most explored for the green synthesis of MNPs. However, certain factors are undermined while performing the green synthesis because of which the plant-based MNPs are still confined to laboratory scale. This review critically explores the reasons why plant-based MNPs do not find a way to scale-up. In addition, we attempted to find potential solutions to these problems along with relevant scientific literature.
PubDate: 2023-12-01
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- Potential of industrial waste and plastic nanomaterials as a danger or a
way to create a sustainable environment: a critical review-
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Abstract: Abstract The number of studies concerning the adverse effects of industrial waste materials on the environment and human health has risen tremendously across the globe. Besides this, an increase in demand of various types of plastic, i.e., electronic goods, polythene, toys, single used plastic, etc., in the market, the way out of such a waste in the future, more is anticipated. Most of these waste materials including plastics are used to throw by the users in an open environment, water bodies, which affect the environment, animal ecosystems, and the human health up to a greater extent because of the varying size of these plastics, i.e., micro to nanoparticles. Therefore, a detailed review is carried out to identify the potential effects of industrial wastes in the construction sector. Based on the comprehensive survey on the literature, it was observed that industrial waste having cementitious properties may result in the strength enhancement of concrete mix resulting creating a sustainable development in the construction sector. It is also suggested that recycling a higher rate of e-waste leads to industrial reuse of metals, thereby saving the burden on mining of these raw materials. Overall, the plastic waste and e-waste utilization in concrete mix were not found beneficial concerning the compressive strength; however, plastic waste up to 16% and e-waste 0.8% may be recommended from the point of view of tensile and flexural strength.
PubDate: 2023-12-01
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- Evaluation of feather hydrolysate-mediated silver nanoparticles as
biofertilizers for the enhancement of vegetative growth and nutraceutical
properties of vegetables-
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Abstract: Agricultural production currently depends largely on the use of synthetic fertilizers to boost the production of staple and healthy foods. However, their excessive and inappropriate use had been found expensive and detrimental to the ecosystem. Thus, development of alternative bio-based fertilizers in the form of nanomaterials to improve the yield and nutraceutical properties of crops in a sustainable manner is encouraged. This study therefore reports the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (FH-AgNPs) using feather hydrolysates (FH) obtained after chicken feather degradation by keratinolytic Bacillus safensis LAU 13 and Aquamicrobium defluvii FH 20. Phytostimulatory effects of the biogenic AgNPs on Corchorus olitorius, Amaranthus caudatus and Celosea argentea cultivated in soil treated with 50–150 µg/ml FH-AgNPs were investigated compared to NPK fertilizer (15–15-15) and water as positive and negative controls, respectively. Vegetables grown with 150 µg/ml of both FH-AgNPs demonstrated 1–1.58-fold improvement in seed germination, shoot height, root length, leaf size, chlorophyll contents and other growth parameters compared to their controls. Hydrogen peroxide and DPPH radicals scavenging activities of the FH-AgNPs-fertilized vegetables were over 1.1-fold better than their respective control plants. FH-AgNPs treatment enriched the total phenolic, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidin compounds in the vegetables by more than 1.05-fold. The particles positively influenced the catalase activity of the vegetables and also inhibited lipid peroxidation in precision-cut liver slices by 1.05–1.21-fold over the untreated plants. The FH-AgNPs demonstrated inhibitory activities (60.33–88.20%) against phytopathogenic Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium solani. Application of the biogenic FH-AgNPs performed considerably better than the NPK fertilizer virtually in most cases, aside their usefulness as nanopesticides. Thus, results obtained in this study indicate that the FH-mediated AgNPs have potential application as better substitute to conventional inorganic fertilizer to promote sustainable agricultural food production in an eco-friendly manner. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2023-11-15
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- Fabrication of biochar-based bimetallic green nanocomposite as a
photocatalytic adsorbent for tetracycline and antibacterial agent-
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Abstract: Abstract The contamination of water sources by emerging contaminants, such as tetracycline antibiotics, poses a growing environmental concern due to the lack of sustainable removal methods. An eco-friendly solution involves using aquatic weed-derived biochar to synthesize metallic nanocomposites, particularly Ag-Zn, for effective antibiotic removal from water. In this study, we developed Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) biomass-derived biochar-based bimetallic nanocomposites (EBCbmNC) and evaluated their adsorption and photodegradation efficiency for tetracycline (TC) in water. Comprehensive characterization techniques were used to confirm the successful synthesis of nanocomposites with particle sizes of 20, 50, and 100 nm and to assess their properties. Optimal TC removal was achieved with 0.01 g of EBCbmNC at pH 4.0 and 70 °C. The pseudo-second-order model accurately described the adsorption process (R2 = 0.99), with observed and computed adsorption capacities in close agreement (77.43 and 76.92 mg/g, respectively). The Freundlich model indicated multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface (R2 = 0.99). Thermodynamic analysis showed endothermic and favorable adsorption. EBCbmNC also exhibited significant photocatalytic activity, achieving 90% degradation of TC in 40 min under ideal conditions. Additionally, it displayed strong antibacterial efficiency against E. coli and maintained acceptable removal efficiencies over multiple reuse cycles. These findings underscore the potential of EBCbmNC as a sustainable and cost-effective material for tetracycline removal, offering an alternative to conventional water treatment methods. Eichhornia biochar-based nanocomposite shows promise for eco-friendly tetracycline removal, providing an environmentally sustainable solution to water contamination challenges.
PubDate: 2023-11-09
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- A perspective on biodegradable and non-biodegradable nanoparticles
in industrial sectors: applications, challenges, and future prospects-
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Abstract: Abstract The employability of nanoparticles (NPs) is emerging in many industrial applications beyond traditional hazards and risk assessment models. Drug delivery and cancer diseases identification in medicine, fish feed production, nutrient enrichment in aquaculture development, fertilizer and pesticide innovation to improve yield in agriculture, bacterial identification, food quality monitoring in food processing, air pollution, environmental remediation, molecular and crop biotechnology, forestry applications, activated material use in water purification, cosmetics industry, bacterial action improvement in microbiology, electronic appliances development, nanoengineered infrastructure development in transportation, renewable energy synthesis, and alternating fuel modifications via NPs are major implications of NPs. In Sri Lanka, the Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology and many other state universities and research institutes conduct studies on NPs in water treatment, agriculture, textile, and health care. Many of the findings highlighted the need of information for effective regulatory policy instrument formulation to meet the growing demand for sustainable goods products and services in the context of NP applications in industries. The applications of NPs can be focused to achieve sustainable solutions to emerging environmental issues. However, the existing knowledge gaps of applications of NPs should be immediately addressed while ensuring human and environmental health and safety via effective monitoring programs while overcoming the challenges of applications of NPs in the industry through collaborative approaches of stakeholders.
PubDate: 2023-10-19
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- Performance evaluation of chitin as a nanofiller for reverse osmosis
membrane development-
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Abstract: Abstract The concept of application of nanofiller in membrane development promises to be a sustainable pathway to enhance the membrane properties and improves the membrane performance in desalination process. In this study, polyamide thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane with the polysulfone support incorporated with chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) has been fabricated. The resultant TFN membrane was characterized using FESEM, Zeta potential, FTIR, contact angle equipment and used for desalination application. The desalination performance was evaluated using dead end filtration module. The introduction of ChNFs improved the formation of finger-like structure and enhanced the overall hydrophilicity of the membrane. The contact angle of the pristine membrane is 70.40 while that of ChNFs/TFN was 60.20. The flux of the neat and ChNFs/TFN membranes are 0.83 L/m2 h and 1.95 L/m2 h, respectively. The fabricated membrane displayed significantly enhanced water flux and the salt rejection was not compromised. Flux improvement of 135% was attained using 0.1 wt% ChNFs nanoparticle.
PubDate: 2023-10-13
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- Managing plastic waste with nanotechnology: current sustainability
prospects-
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Abstract: Plastic plays a significant role in most sectors of the economy. Its widespread applicability leads to its massive scale production and alarming consumption rates, positioning it as the primary pollutant and ecological toxin. In addition, this plastic waste takes hundreds of years to degrade, threatening global biodiversity. To mitigate this burning issue, the nanotechnological approach offers a plethora of methods that can be harnessed to effectively manage waste plastic. One prominent approach involves creation of value-added nanomaterials like graphene sheets, CNTs, carbon spheres, and nanocomposites through a range of meticulously designed physical and chemical treatments (constructive approach). Another eco-friendly approach highlighted in this review revolves around the augmentation of plastic waste degradation through synergistic action of microbes and nanoparticles (degradative approach). Such nanotechnological innovations could be a milestone toward sustainable environmental practices offering economic and green solutions. This review article presents a framework for managing plastic waste through current nanotechnological interventions with special emphasis on its role in the circular economy. The approaches discussed in this review are in line with the SDG-2030 goal of stepping toward environmental sustainability. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2023-10-13
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- Efficient photodegradation of fast sulphon black and crystal violet dyes
from water systems using locust bean gum (LBG)-encapsulated
zirconium-based nanoparticles and antibacterial activity-
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Abstract: The synthesis of plant extract-mediated nanoparticles has received a lot of attention due to its low cost, environmental friendliness and efficient performance in wastewater treatment and biomedical applications. The current study focuses on the environment conscious synthesis of a locust bean gum–Zr(IV) selenophosphate (LBG/ZSPT) nano-hybrid structure for the degradation of Fast Sulphon Black (FSB) and crystal violet (CV) dyes from water system. The LBG/ZSPT nano-hybrid structure was characterized by FTIR, TGA, EDX, SEM, TEM, BET, XPS and UV–Vis techniques. BET analysis corresponds to the mesoporous nature of LBG/ZSPT. The surface area of LBG and LBG/ZSPT was found to be 22.36 m2/g and 110.27 m2/g, respectively. The optimization of different parameters such as effect of pH, dye concentration and dose of catalyst was also examined in detail. It has been found that approximately 90% of FSB and 91.4% of CV were degraded after 3 h of solar exposure and degradation mechanism follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics. The maximum degradation rate for FSB (pH: 3.0) and CV (pH: 9.0) was calculated to be 0.0419 min−1 and 0.0347 min−1, respectively. The photo-catalyst was also recycled up to five cycles showing the minor loss in degradation capacity. The antibacterial activity of LBG/ZSPT, LBG and ZSPT was also checked against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. The greater zone of inhibition was obtained against Escherichia coli with synthesized LBG/ZSPT. Overall, a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly technique for synthesis of LBG/ZSPT was demonstrated, which can be exploited as a potential photo-catalyst and antibacterial agent against various microbial species. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2023-09-29
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- Photocatalytic performance of pristine and cobalt loaded BiVO4
nanocomposites for effective degradation of p-nitrophenol organic
pollutants-
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Abstract: Abstract Hydrothermal synthesis was used to produce pure BiVO4 and Cobalt-doped BiVO4 nanocomposites of different compositions with the goal of developing a low-priced, special-class, cobalt-doped, stained Nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the mean crystallite size of BiVO4 was 6.7 nm, whereas the mean crystallite size of Cobalt-doped BiVO4 nanocomposites ranges from 12.6 to 26.3 nm. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a few aggregated nanocomposite rods, energy-dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the completeness of the included doped nanocomposites by revealing the absence of any component other than bismuth, vanadium, cobalt, and oxygen, transmission electron microscopy revealed that the nanorod formed in a cubic shape, demonstrating the severe consequences of the dopant in the adsorbent; and According to BET study, the average particle size of BiVO4 and Co-loaded BiVO4 Nanocomposites was 8.76 nm and 7.64 nm, respectively. The figure shows that when the concentration of p-nitrophenol to be eliminated increases from 50 to 150 mg/L, the elimination rate decreases from 99.90 to 94.58%. Utilizing UV irradiation and photocatalytically active BiVO4 and BiVO4/Co nanocomposites, para-nitrophenol was effectively photocatalyzed, as shown by BET analysis. The photocatalytic activity of BiVO4 and Cobalt BiVO4 was tested using UV light, and after 75 min, 80% and 99.9% of para nitrophenols were destroyed. Significant crises required 75 min (99.99% longer) to resolve when cobalt-doped BiVO4 was present compared to when it was utilized alone.
PubDate: 2023-09-27
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- Biowaste-mediated green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Solanum
tuberosum peel extract for antibacterial, antioxidant, and photocatalytic
applications-
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Abstract: Abstract The upcycling of waste to value-added material is an important goal for sustainable development in the modern world. Biological waste constitutes a large proportion of total biowaste generated across the globe. Herein, Solanum tuberosum (Potato) peel, a widely generated common biowaste, has been utilized as a reducing agent for the synthesis of poly-L-lysine (PLL)-functionalized gold nanoparticles (PLL@AuNP). The method offers an eco-friendly and green chemistry approach. PLL, a water-soluble cationic polymer, was used for adding the functional groups to gold nanoparticles making it suitable for antibacterial, antioxidant, and photocatalytic applications. The UV–visible spectrometry revealed characteristic peak of PLL@AuNPs at 530 nm, and XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of PLL@AuNPs. The significant ATR-IR peaks pointed to phytoconstituents such as phenols, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids acting as reducing agents for the synthesis of PLL@AuNPs. TEM image showed that PLL@AuNPs particles are nearly spherical in shape with a size of around 20 nm. PLL@AuNPs demonstrated promising antibacterial activity against clinical pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus citrus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Particles showed strong antioxidant activity with a 79.72% free radical scavenging effect. The photocatalytic activity of PLL@AuNPs with eosin, safranine, carbol fuchsin, and crystal violet dyes revealed efficiency of 85.89, 87.08, 92.51, and 95.33%, dye degradation respectively. The photodegradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The study presents an upcycling strategy of widely generated biowaste to a functional material useful for biological and photocatalytic applications.
PubDate: 2023-09-16
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- An overview on use of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis in green synthesis of
nanoparticles-
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Abstract: Metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles undoubtedly have plenty of applications in environmental, biomedical, and analytical sciences. Owing to wide utilities, so far, numerous attempts have been made for the eco-friendly fabrication of these nanoparticles, using different plant, animal, and microbial extracts. In the pursuit of the best reducing and capping entities for the reduction of precursors, several attempts were made using the plant Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, an evergreen plant belonging to the family Nyctanthaceae. This article focuses on the applications of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis extracts in the fabrication of nanoparticles of various metals such as silver, gold, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and copper oxide. This plant is reported to contain several phytochemicals such as steroids, iridoid glycosides, tannins, terpenes, and triterpenoids. In respective research attempts, after synthesis and characterization, these nanoparticles were evaluated for one or more applications such as antimicrobial activity against microbes, cytotoxicity against cell lines, and/or photocatalytic activity using dye. In a few cases, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential were also evaluated using well-established protocols. The use of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis extracts indicated the involvement of its phytocompounds in reducing the metal source and stabilizing the nanoparticles. In conclusion, it could be noted that nanoparticles have better antimicrobial activity and photocatalytic potential over the same plant extracts. Graphical
PubDate: 2023-09-12
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- Study of bioaerosol disinfection kinetics and application of nonlinear
regression modeling for optimization of TiO2-based photocatalytic
disinfection process-
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Abstract: Abstract Bacteria and viruses are some of the major sources of indoor air pollution. Many strategies are utilized to control indoor biopollutants. Among the new emerging technologies, this work focuses on the photocatalytic oxidation process and application of disinfection models to optimize the photocatalytic process in bioaerosol control. The kinetics of bioaerosol disinfection was investigated in the photocatalytic process with nonlinear regression analysis for Serratia marcescens and E. coli bacteria. The Chick–Watson model was found suitable and was applied for determination of the inactivation kinetics. The inactivation rate constant k’ was found to be 0.0038 min−1 for S. marcescens and 0.09 min−1 for E. coli. The outcomes showed that in the process of disinfection kinetics of bioaerosols, pseudo-first-order kinetics fits well. With nonlinear regression analysis, a model was developed based on functional parameters such as UV intensity (20 to 100 W/m2), relative humidity (30 to 85%) and air velocity (37 to 112 ft/min) for S. marcescens and TiO2 loading (960 and 1516 mg/m2), UV intensity (0.5 to 3.4 mW/cm2) and relative humidity (51 to 85%) for E. coli. For E. coli overall inactivation was found to increase with an increase in TiO2 loading, RH or UV intensities. The inactivation rate of S. marcescens increased with an increase in UV intensity; however, it was found to decrease at very high or low values of relative humidity and air velocity. Hence, the optimum values for relative velocity were found to be 50% and air velocity of 74 ft/min for S. marcescens. The rate expressions derived for both data can be utilized for predicting and optimizing the disinfection rate at different conditions.
PubDate: 2023-09-07
DOI: 10.1007/s41204-023-00338-5
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- Efficient degradation of pharmaceutical drugs using cerium-doped zinc
oxide nanophotocatalysts synthesized via the sono-precipitation route-
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Abstract: Abstract This study aims to synthesize cerium-doped zinc oxide nanophotocatalysts to degrade pharmaceutical contaminants. A combined precipitation–ultrasonication method was employed to synthesize the cerium-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analyses confirmed the wurtzite structure formation of the zinc oxide with a crystallite size of approximately 20 nm. The UV–Vis optical spectroscopy measurement revealed cerium-doped zinc oxide’s high UV absorption capability. N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm analysis indicated that the cerium-doped zinc oxide consisted of nanoporous spherical particles with a 43.35 m2/g specific surface area. Under UV light, the photocatalytic ability of cerium-doped zinc oxide was demonstrated by a 91% degradation of paracetamol with a 1.22 × 10−2 min−1 reaction rate constant. These results highlight the advantageous use of the sono-precipitation method for producing efficient cerium-doped zinc oxide nanophotocatalysts for the wastewater treatment of pharmaceuticals.
PubDate: 2023-09-07
DOI: 10.1007/s41204-023-00340-x
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- Hybrid bio-activated sludge-electro-Fenton system for a sustainable
removal of cefuroxime sodium antibiotic in aqueous medium: optimization,
biodegradability improvement and mechanism-
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Abstract: Abstract Nanotechnologies promise to bring about a major revolution in a number of areas, from health to environmental protection, health and environmental protection. This is the promise of the application of graphite electrodes modified by gold nanoparticles in the Electro-Fenton process. In this study, a strategy combining homogeneous Electro-Fenton pretreatment with biologically activated sludge treatment "AS-EF" was implemented to effectively destroy the antibiotic Cefuroxime Sodium (CFX-Na) in aqueous media. First, the performance of a homogeneous Electro-Fenton process for degrading and mineralizing Cefuroxime Sodium (CFX-Na) in aqueous media was evaluated and optimized. In fact, CFX-Na (0.15 mM) was completely decomposed after 15 min of electrolysis at 400 mA current and almost completely mineralized (99% COD removal) after 6 h, indicating the efficiency of the "Electro-Fenton" process. The aromatic by-products were identified using LC–MS/MS, and a potential degradation mechanism was suggested. The process was then optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), considering the Central Composite Design (CCD), to analyze the interactive effects of process variables on the COD removal rate. In addition, biodegradability tests of the solutions before and after electrolysis showed that an increase in the BOD5/COD ratio from 0.0068 to 0.405 was obtained after 2 h of oxidation by EF, confirming the biodegradability of the electrolyzed solution. Then, a biological treatment using activated sludge was successfully performed to complete the mineralization of biodegradable organic compounds. In fact, the bio-process succeeded in mineralizing 99% of the entire CFX-Na solution after about 20 days, proving the applicability of the suggested method and its potential to handle wastewater including antibiotic medication residues.
PubDate: 2023-09-07
DOI: 10.1007/s41204-023-00339-4
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- Silver hybridized polymer nanocomposite for efficient encapsulation of
toxic dye from aqueous solution-
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Abstract: Abstract This work synthesized eco-friendly silver hybridized polymer nanocomposite (Ag@PNC) via a free radical mechanism. The Ag@PNC consists of a network of starch grafted to vinyl acetate (VA), lactic acid (LA), and Methylmethacrylate (MMA), which was reinforced with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The effect of incorporation of AgNPs into composite and properties was studied using different techniques, i.e., FTIR, SEM, EDS, and TGA/DTG. The SEM analysis indicates that the pore size of the Ag@PNC decreased with the blending of AgNPs, increasing the composite adsorption capacity and thermal stability. The FTIR confirms the grafting of monomers on starch and thermal degradation and melting of the composite assessed by TGA/DTG. Further, the adsorption kinetics and isotherm data indicate that the pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.9898) and Langmuir adsorption isotherm (R2 = 0.99829) are suitable for the composite with a maximum adsorption capacity of 561.2563 mg/g. These results indicate the potential of synthesized nanocomposite in water treatment at a low cost with efficient reusability.
PubDate: 2023-09-07
DOI: 10.1007/s41204-023-00335-8
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- Retraction Note: Fabrication, characterization and competitive study of
toxic dyes adsorption onto Mg3Al–CO32− clay adsorbent-
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PubDate: 2023-09-01
DOI: 10.1007/s41204-022-00302-9
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- Environmental investigation into performance parameters of MPFI SIE filled
with IPA/TBA alcoholic blends-
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Abstract: Abstract The performance analysis of MPFI multi-cylinder SIE with various blends of secondary and tertiary alcohols was experimentally explored. The fitness of various blends of secondary and tertiary alcohols has been considered in a three-cylinder MPFI SI engine. The observation has been assisted at various blends like B0, B5I, B5T, and B5IT kg with an engine acceleration of 2500, 3500, 4500 rpm with a compression ratio of 11.01. The brunt of various blends of secondary and tertiary alcohols on SI engine performance parameters like BP, BTE, BMEP, SFC, and torque is explored. The outcomes and charts can be engraved.
PubDate: 2023-09-01
DOI: 10.1007/s41204-022-00275-9
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