Authors:Eka Wardhani, Windya Sefniza Putri Pages: 01 - 10 Abstract: The increase of population in Bogor Regency is directly proportional to the rapid development of residential building construction, one of which is apartment buildings. This resulted in the need for clean water also increased. Water conservation is an effort to maintain the availability of clean water in sufficient quality and quantity to serve the current and future needs of clean water. The application of the concept of water conservation in Apartment X in Bogor Regency can be done using WAC 2 (Water Fixtures) and WAC 3 (Water Recycle). Apartment X building has a building population of 998 people with daily clean water needs of 91,545 liter/day. The wastewater generated by the apartment building is 73,236 liter/day. It is estimated that the implementation of water conservation could save the use of clean water by 28.08% or around 25,701.42 liter/day. PubDate: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.01-10 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Muhammad Fadli Ramadhansyah, Onny Setiani, Budiyono Budiyono Pages: 1 - 10 Abstract: Making bricks is an informal home industry with a significant dust exposure risk. Numerous risk factors contribute to respiratory symptoms, including dust exposure, duration of exposure, length of work, type of job, usage of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), and smoking behaviours. This study examined the association between dust exposure and risk variables for respiratory symptoms in employees in the brick sector. Article searches were carried out through PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct, Portal Garuda Indonesia, Sinta, and Google Scholar. The articles were selected with the following criteria: the dependent variable was symptoms of the respiratory disorder of brick industrial workers, the independent variable was the exposure to dust, open access to full text, and the articles selected with a publication date around 2011-2021. Based on 272 relevant articles, 21 main articles fulfil the criteria. The risk factors indicated above are associated with increased respiratory symptoms, such as reduced vital lung capacity, coughing, shortness of breath, asthma, bronchitis, headaches, and body pains. Recommendations that can be given include adopting a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise, appropriate relaxation, abstinence from tobacco, frequent health checkups, and personal protective equipment such as masks. PubDate: 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.1-10 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Nisa Nurhidayanti, Nur Ilman Ilyas, Dhonny Suwazan Pages: 11 - 23 Abstract: PT. X Indonesia (PXI) is a company engaged in laboratory services in Bekasi Regency. Based on a preliminary study, the concentration of cadmium and lead in wastewater shows that it exceeds the quality standard of PerMenLHK No. P12 of 2020. The presence of cadmium and lead in PXI's wastewater must be resolved immediately to avoid dangerous human activities and polluting the environment. The research was initiated by taking wastewater samples and synthesizing the adsorbent from the combination of chitosan and activated carbon from coffee grounds. The method used in this study is an experimental approach with quantitative descriptive methods based on laboratory data using FT-IR, SEM EDX and AAS instruments. The results showed that chitosan biosorbent and 1.4-gram coffee grounds activated carbon resulted in the highest cadmium metal reduction efficiency of 94.35% and led to a metal reduction efficiency of 90.86%. The results concluded that the adsorbent of chitosan-activated carbon coffee grounds is very effective in reducing cadmium and lead metals in the wastewater of PXI. This research needs to follow up by increasing the mass of activated carbon of coffee grounds to meet quality standards. PubDate: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.11-23 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Indah Fajarini Sri Wahyuningrum, Lisdiana Safitri, Shanty Oktavilia, Andryan Setyadharma Pages: 24 - 33 Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of firm size, industry type, profitability, firm age, environmental performance, institutional ownership, and gender diversity on environmental disclosure. The quantity of environmental disclosure is measured using disclosure scoring by giving “1” for items disclosed and “0” for items that are not disclosed. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and Kuala Lumpur, Stock. Exchange (KLSE) in the year 2019. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling which resulted in 74 companies. The analytical technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. The results of this study indicate that company size, company age, and environmental performance have a significant positive effect on environmental disclosure. The type of industry, profitability, institutional ownership, and gender diversity does not affect environmental disclosure. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that companies that are large in size and mature in age and equipped with ownership of ISO 14001 certification can contribute to making more comprehensive environmental disclosures. PubDate: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.24-33 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Marita Wulandari, Intan Dwi Wahyu Setyorini, Anggie Melinda Handayani, Ismi Khairunnissa Ariani, Ainun Zulfikar Pages: 34 - 43 Abstract: Laundry wastewater contains not only detergent but also contains fabric fibres and threads. Microplastic fibres have been discovered as a potential source of microplastic fibres in synthetic clothing washed in the environment. To reduce microplastic concentration in wastewater, many approaches have been developed. Electrocoagulation is one of them. Using both synthetic microplastics and laundry wastewater samples, this study examined the performance of electrocoagulation methods to remove microplastics. The flocculation and deposition mechanisms remove microplastic fibre. This research was set up by using a reactor with a volume of 1 L, 60 V of voltage and 60 minutes of contact time. Electrical current of 5A and 10A was applied to remove microplastic fibres during electrocoagulation (EC). The removal efficiency of polyester fibre was 55-68 per cent for 60 minutes with a current of 5A and 42-85 per cent for 60 minutes with a current of 10A. Polyamide fibre removal efficiency in 60 minutes is 53 per cent to 74 per cent at 5A current and 57 per cent to 72 per cent at 10A current. According to this study, it can be concluded that EC can remove microplastic fibre from laundry effluent. PubDate: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.34-43 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Muhammad Naswir, Yudha Gusti Wibowo, Winny Laura Pages: 44 - 54 Abstract: The washing waste from the laundry industry contains phosphate that can pollute the environment. Multiple efforts have been made but have not reached the small to medium-scale laundry industry; this happens because of the high cost of technology. In this paper, the sorption process by rubber fruit shells was successfully reduced the pollutants parameter from greywater. This research has succeeded in creating an adsorbent with raw rubber fruit shell waste; studies on manufacturing techniques, adsorbent characteristics, ability to reduce phosphate content, and adsorption isotherm models are well described. This study also promotes the utilization of rubber shell waste that has not been utilized properly. Adsorbent derived from rubber fruit shell reduced phosphate levels by up to 98% by adding 0.5 g of adsorbent to 100 mg/L of phosphate for 60 minutes. The appropriate adsorption isotherm model in this study is the Freundlich isotherm model. PubDate: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.44-54 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Mega Ulimaz Pages: 55 - 67 Abstract: Balikpapan is experiencing rapid urbanization and has an essential role in settlement development. One of the strategic issues of settlements in Balikpapan is the settlements that have decreased in quality in residential in urban areas with a mild level of slum. Based on the Balikpapan Spatial Plan, the spatial pattern in the Balikpapan Kota Subdistrict is dominated by the Settlement Area. It can be said that the components of settlements are the components that are planned to support settlement activities. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the quality of settlements in the Settlement Area in the Balikpapan Kota Subdistrict. The analysis was carried out by quantitative descriptive method (scoring method) with the unit of study for each settlement block or neighborhood. The analysis results of the quality of settlements in the Balikpapan Kota Subdistrict tend to have reasonable quality settlements. There were no areas that had poor settlement quality values. In the research area, from 131 neighborhoods, 19 neighborhoods still have a moderate quality of settlements. It is necessary to increase several components to improve the quality of settlements in each block so that all settlements become more liveable. PubDate: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.55-67 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Eflita Yohana, Syafrudin Syafrudin, Mochamad Arief Budihardjo, Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan, Ayudya Izzati Dyah Lantasi, Fadel Iqbal Muhammad, Natasya Ghinna Humaira Pages: 68 - 77 Abstract: The addition of bentonite to fly ash can lower the permeability coefficient of the composite landfill liner. Also, the montmorillonite bentonite can bind quite a lot of water molecules during the hydration process. In this study, the effect of mixture, water content, and salinity on the desiccation cracking phenomenon in the bentonite - fly ash mixture as a landfill liner system was investigated by conducting tests such as desiccation test, water content test, and standard proctor and permeability test. The variation in bentonite levels: 0%, 15%, 20%,25% and 25% + 1 N NH4Cl solution. The result shows that the appropriate mixture is fly ash + 15% bentonite with permeability of 4,065 x 10-7. The mixture complies with local regulations where the permeability coefficient of the bottom layer of the landfill should be less than 10–6 cm/s and have a low cracking value (CIF). Furthermore, the addition of saline solution to the composite can rise the value of the optimum moisture content. However, saline conditions can decrease the value of CIF drastically PubDate: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.68-77 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Pricilla Jihan Fadilla, Mohamad Rangga Sururi, Dyah Marganingrum, Mila Dirgawati Pages: 78 - 88 Abstract: This study investigates the use of bottom ash as an adsorbent with and without chemical activation treatment. This study also determines the effect of pH and stirring speed on the efficiency of bottom ash in the adsorption of color and COD. Bottom ash was ground and sieved by 100 mesh sieves and was activated by hydrochloric acid 2%. The experiments were conducted at pH variations of 6, 8, 10; contact time variations of 30, 60, and 90 minutes; and stirring speeds of 30 and 60 rpm. The most effective adsorption by non-activated adsorbents occurred at the combination of pH six and stirring speed of 60 rpm with the removal efficiency for color 66.30% at a contact time of 90 minutes and for COD 31.55% at a contact time of 30 minutes. While for activated adsorbent, the highest removal for color (77.44%) and COD removal (40.54%) were at pH 6, stirring speed 30 rpm, contact time 30 minutes. The bottom ash was potentially used as an adsorbent for treating wastewater containing high concentrations of color and COD. PubDate: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.78-88 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Mega Mutiara Sari, Takanobu Inoue, Regil Kentaurus Harryes, Kuriko Yokota, Iva Yenis Septiariva, Sapta Suhardono, Shigeru Kato, Suprihanto Notodarmojo, Stacia Dea Prameswari, I Wayan Koko Suryawan Pages: 89 - 98 Abstract: Indonesian marine debris of aquatic waste in Jakarta is managed by the UPK of the Water Agency, one of which is the Pluit Employment. Several composting methods can be used and adapted to the available circumstances and needs. The composting process is carried out by utilizing the supply of oxygen, nutrients, water, and temperature control. This study aims to analyze the selection of alternative composting systems that can be carried out for planning the composting unit at Pluit Employment. Selection analysis was carried out using the Utility Theory and Compromise program methods. Alternative 1: This alternative uses a composting system using an open bin. Alternative 2 uses a simple windrow system with garbage piled up without heavy equipment during operation. Alternative 3 uses a composting system with a static pile system with a machine turning it over. In the composting method chosen, alternative 2. The distance between compost for workers' movement space, it can reach 1 m as in the TPS 3R Technical instructions, that because it does not use machines, the land used for machine movement is reduced. Limited land can be utilized for the amount of windrow so that the amount of processed waste can be more significant. PubDate: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.89-98 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Hermin Werdiningsih, Indriatjario Soemadyo, Arnis Rochma Harani Pages: 99 - 107 Abstract: The condition of the COVID-19 pandemic since 2020 has shaped changes in daily life, where the use of the living environment has become one of the things that have changed. Activities usually carried out outside the living environment now must be covered in it. In this paper, the domestic environment is understood as where private daily domestic activities usually occur. This paper aims to expand the understanding of picnic space in the domestic environment. Seeing how the picnic space is present in the domestic area has the potential to expand the understanding of space in architecture related to spatial quality. Investigates the relationship between activity and space as the basis for understanding the quality of space in a domestic environment. This paper uses a qualitative method to reveal the various activities and explores how the quality of space in the domestic environment has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected through direct observation, photos, interviews, and further analysis. The study finds that the domestic environment can appear as a picnic space with a relationship between humans and objects or an environment that supports happiness and improves mental health. The emergence of picnic space in the domestic environment occurs through three processes: the relationship between the supporting object, actor, and place, blurring the boundary of virtual and physical, and the relationship between object and atmosphere. The finding can enrich the field of architecture, especially in interpreting space, boundaries, and their relation to the mental health of its users. PubDate: 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.99-107 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Novia Sari Ristianti, Nurhadi Bashit, Desyta Ulfiana, Kurniawan Teguh Martono Pages: 108 - 121 Abstract: The application of large-scale social restrictions (LSSR) during the Covid 19 pandemic in Indonesia significantly impacted the tourism sector. A Sustainable Rural Tourism model is expected to develop tourist village development during the Covid 19 pandemic through the WEB GIS (Website Geographical Information Systems) approach. It creates smart tourism through tourist information systems integrated with tourist websites. Ngerangan Tourist Village in Klaten Regency is a village where most of the population's economy is dependent on MSME (Micro, Small, and Medium enterprises) and farming activities. The research aims to formulate a tourism promotion model in Ngerangan tourism village through WEB GIS. The method used is quantitative. First, identifying the data needs such as spatial data (tourist attractions, tourist safety routes types, and infrastructure for implementing health protocols) and non-spatial data (information on MSME and virtual tours). Second, designing the tourism promotion system through WEB GIS and third, testing to see the output of the WEB GIS produced. The research output is Web GIS using story maps application contains two spatial information about the Ngerangan tourist village. First, spatial information about tourist attractions includes locations, photos, and descriptions of tourist attractions. Second, spatial information regarding health protocols facilities during the Covid-19 pandemic includes locations, photos, and descriptions of health protocol facilities PubDate: 2022-04-17 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.108-121 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Ery Nuralamsyah, Karina Indah Choirunnisa, Mariana Marselina, Siti Ai Nurhayati Pages: 122 - 136 Abstract: Leuwigajah Urban-Village is an area belonging to Citarum Watershed. Thus, it has a high potential to experience floods during the rainy season. Meanwhile, the area often experiences drought during the dry season due to high surface runoff and low infiltration. This paper discusses the capacity of RWH needed in N.A. of R.W. 19. It discusses hydrological conditions of the Cimahi watershed by presenting an analysis of rainfall data, land use data, and extreme discharge data, both maximum and minimum extreme discharges. Therefore, the Citarum Harum Community Service team decided to build Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) as a water supply source during the dry season. The RWH was built based on people's water needs 10 years later, from 2022-to 2032. Based on the calculations explained in the Rainwater Storage Module book issued by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing, the volume of RWH needed is 125 m3. However, due to limited land, it was decided to build an RWH with dimensions of 2 m x 2 m x 2 m which can accommodate 8 m3 of water. The water in this RWH can fulfil 6.4% of daily water needs, so it is recommended to be used for emergency purposes or secondary purposes such as agriculture and plantations. PubDate: 2022-04-17 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.122-136 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Sri Sumiyati, Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan, Mochamad Arief Budihardjo, Aufa Rahma Al-Hafidz, Haekal Awliya Muhammad Salman, Rizal Adi Wirawan Pages: 148 - 157 Abstract: Universitas Diponegoro has a role in contributing to considerable numbers of hazardous solid waste from academic activities as it is the largest university in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Therefore, improper hazardous solid waste will cause potential disease for humans and pollute the environment. For this reason, proper hazardous solid waste management is urgently needed. This research aims to design hazardous solid waste management for Universitas Diponegoro as a pilot testing study. The research used questionnaires, surveys, in-depth interviews, and observations to construct an appropriate hazardous waste management system. The result showed that hazardous solid waste in Universitas Diponegoro came from 5 sources: education, office, laboratory, supporting facilities, and Pleburan Campus. The estimation of hazardous solid waste produced by the Universitas Diponegoro in 2021 is as much as 100.4 kg/day. The hazardous waste characteristics are toxic, corrosive, flammable, and infectious. In the hazardous management planning that was developed, the design of the waste transportation and storage system at the waste station in the Tembalang and Pleburan campuses has a total investment and operation cost of Rp 6,259,841,999 for 10 years of operation. This design is hoped to enhance the campus's achievement in sustainability efforts. PubDate: 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.148-157 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Intan Sekar Arumdani, Onny Setiani, Tri Joko Pages: 158 - 167 Abstract: Noise is associated with hypertension. Exposure to noise that exceeds quality standards can cause an increase in workers' blood pressure. This study was conducted to examine the risk of noise exposure and the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in workers through a systematic review method. Article searches were conducted through the journal sites Google Scholar, Garuda Portal, Science Direct, Proquest, JSTOR, Scopus, Semantic Scholar, and PubMed. The selection of articles was carried out with the following criteria: the dependent and independent variables were the incidence of hypertension in workers and exposure to noise, open access full text, the articles selected were articles with a publication date of not more than 10 years (2012-2021), and articles in English. Indonesian and English. Based on 724 relevant articles, 9 main articles met the criteria and were discussed further in this study. 9 main articles showed statistical test results p-value <0.05 which means there is a significant relationship between noise exposure and the incidence of hypertension in workers. Other factors, namely age of workers, length of work, gender, use of ear protective equipment, BMI, and family history of hypertension all have a significant relationship with the incidence of hypertension. PubDate: 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.158-167 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Alifia Intan Berlian, Onny Setiani, Sulistiyani Sulistiyani Pages: 168 - 178 Abstract: Wood dust is wood particles that result from wood processing and handling. The level of fine dust in the work environment can expose to workers breathing and cause lung function disorders. Obstructive lung function disorders, namely blockages that make it difficult for air to escape from the lungs, resulting in a decrease in airflow velocity. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine wood dust exposure and risk factors for impaired lung function for workers. Article searches carried out through the Portal Garuda Indonesia, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. There are 9 articles reviewed. Exposure to wood dust was assessed as a significant risk factor for impaired lung function in workers as seen from the statistical analysis results in each study showing that the p-value < 0.05. The risk factors that were stated to have a significant relationship were the concentration of wood dust, gender, work location, use of personal protective equipment (mask), length of work, and smoking habits. Exposure to wood dust increases the risk of impaired lung function in workers, with dust levels ranging from 1.15 mg/m3– 24 mg/m3. PubDate: 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.168-178 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Bulan Prabawani, Sudharto Prawata Hadi Pages: 179 - 189 Abstract: The environmental awareness of consumer has been growing along with the increase of knowledge, education and access to information. The demand from the government, media, and community has also increasingly escalated the pressure to companies to produce environmentally friendly products. This eventually encourages greenwashing practices extensively which are unfavorable to consumers because the practice is frequently included as marketing scam. In addition, the existing environmentally-based certification is primarily oriented to the planet and profit aspects of the triple bottom lines and tends to ignore the community. Hence, this study reviews a variety of green-based certifications or sustainability indicators which has existed particularly in Indonesia and their potential for the development of convenience products, products which are consumed in high frequency since they are cheap and consumed daily. This research involves explorative analysis using open secondary data from public journalism, media releases, academic references, and official webpages. Furthermore, this research describes current green-based certifications and presents the initial concept of a sustainability indicator which involved the planet and humans concurrently as well as adopt Proper label as product labelling. PubDate: 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.179-189 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Retno Suryani, Andriani Silfiana, Nurul Lathifah, Nurani Ikhlas Pages: 190 - 198 Abstract: The Kampong AMOI (Integrated Agro-Independent) Program is a community empowerment program carried out by PT Timah Tbk Metallurgical Unit Muntok. This community empowerment was carried out in Riding Panjang Village, Merawang District, Bangka Regency, Air Putih Village, Tanjung Village, Muntok District, and West Bangka Regency. This program integrates three activities, namely nursery perennials, composting, and broiler cultivation. The Kampong AMOI program has a significant impact on the economic and environmental development of the three villages. Therefore, in this paper, the results of the program impact will be analyzed using the evaluative social return on investment (SROI) method. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate, measure, and calculate the impacts of the program's implementation from the environmental, economic, welfare, and social aspects. The Kampong AMOI Community Empowerment Program (Integrated Agro-Independent Village) results have an SROI value of 2.518. This result shows that every IDR 1 invested has a benefit or impact value of IDR 2.518. This result also concludes that the Kampong AMOI program is reasonable to be conducted in Riding Panjang Village, Air Putih Village, and Tanjung Village. PubDate: 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.190-198 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Budi Prasetyo Samadikun, Anik Sarminingsih, Bernadinus Gunawan Broto Miseno Pages: 199 - 207 Abstract: The need for clean water is related to the growth rate and population density. High population density affects access to clean water. The population in the DWSS (Drinking Water Supply System) area of West Semarang is concentrated in three sub-districts, namely West Semarang (148,879 people), Ngaliyan (141,727 people), and Tugu (32,822 people). With the average population growth rate of Semarang City from 2011 to 2020 of 0.89%, the need for clean water will continue to increase. The condition of clean water services in Semarang City, which Municipal Waterworks manage, needs to be improved, both in terms of coverage and continuity of service distribution. The research method used is the method of field research and literature. Hydraulic data retrieval was obtained through field observations and water usage data from the internal Municipal Waterworks in Semarang City. The data were analyzed using the epanet program. From the analysis results, there were areas with significant differences in water pressure values , and at peak hours, there were areas that did not get sufficient water supply. It can be concluded that there are problems in the piping network in the West Semarang DWSS area. PubDate: 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.199-208 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 1 (2022)
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