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Urban Studies
Journal Prestige (SJR): 1.628  Citation Impact (citeScore): 3 Number of Followers: 82  Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)ISSN (Print) 0042-0980 - ISSN (Online) 1360-063X Published by Sage Publications  [1176 journals]
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- Book review: Postindustrial, DIY: Recovering American Rust Belt Icons
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Authors: Frandica Panjaitan, Rizki Feroza Maruddani, Dolvina Lea Ansanay
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-28T10:02:40Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241277109
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- Book review – Lessons from existing smart cities: living labs,
smart-green initiatives, and citizen participation-
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Authors: Sandra Jeppesen
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-27T10:10:42Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241276782
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- Temporary temporariness' The (mis)use of tactical urbanism from the
‘open city’ framework-
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Authors: Lina Naoroz Bråten
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This paper discusses how Tactical Urbanism aligns with the principles of the ‘open city’ framework. The ‘open city’ is often theorised as the urban condition that best welcomes diverse and flexible use of a city’s public spaces. However, the nature of the planning system at its core is to control and predict urban development, thereby effectively reinforcing the principle of a ‘closed city’ with more fixed and rigid forms. One counter-reaction to the ‘closed city’ is the Tactical Urbanism movement, which applies principles of simple, low-cost, and often temporary public space interventions to achieve and accelerate change. Such interventions can create more ‘open’ and inclusive urban environments, enabling diversity and flexibility. However, Tactical Urbanism is applied in multiple forms by different actors with varying intentions and goals. In this paper, I question the role of Tactical Urbanism in congruence with the theoretical framework of the ‘open (and vibrant) city’, drawing attention to how tactical interventions are used to brand new development projects. Doing so, I ask if Tactical Urbanism can be (mis)used merely as ‘temporary temporariness’ to serve top-down planning strategies, resulting in the ‘closed city’.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-22T09:33:10Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241263436
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- Gentrification and neighbourhood satisfaction: A study of Philadelphia
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Authors: Yeonhwa Lee, Vincent J Reina
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Neighbourhood satisfaction is an important facet of life and consideration for policy, as it affects one’s quality of life and well-being, as well as broader residential mobility patterns. While studies have addressed gentrification’s various outcomes, especially residential displacement, few have investigated the relationship between gentrification and neighbourhood satisfaction. Using data from the 2016 Philadelphia Housing and Neighbourhood Survey and mixed-effects logistic regression models, this paper explores the relationship between gentrification and neighbourhood satisfaction, examining how it varies by gentrification type, respondent race, and length of residence. We find that, while gentrification is overall positively associated with neighbourhood satisfaction, its effect on neighbourhood satisfaction is heterogeneous by gentrification type, respondent race, and length of residence. Specifically, when examined by type, only moderate gentrification is positively associated with neighbourhood satisfaction. Hispanic residents and non-Hispanic Black residents are less likely to be satisfied in gentrifying neighbourhoods than in non-gentrifying neighbourhoods. Lastly, gentrification is not significantly associated with neighbourhood satisfaction among long-term residents.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-19T09:41:21Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241263191
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- Book review: Climate Change and Urban Environment Sustainability
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Authors: Dodi Fanhalen Siregar, Tri Lestari Ning Tias, M. Ramlan, Jean Claudia De Soysa
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-15T07:46:29Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241275030
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- Local familiar strangers in digitalising urban neighbourhoods in Seoul
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Authors: Yong-Chan Kim, Miran Pyun, Hyejin Shin, Lu Fang
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The purpose of this study is to examine how localised information and communication technologies (ICTs) use is related to interactions with local familiar strangers, from the perspective of communication infrastructure theory. More specifically, we examine (1) how individuals differ in terms of their relationships with local familiar strangers; (2) how individual-level socio-economic factors affect the scope and intensity of such relationships; (3) which individual-level communication factors (i.e. integrated connectedness to a community storytelling network, or ICSN) come into play in such relationships; and (4) how individual use of ICT affects the scope and intensity of such relationships. This study uses in-person survey data (n = 2001) collected in Seoul in the autumn of 2019. We found that more than half of the respondents communicate at least occasionally with local familiar strangers in their neighbourhoods. However, there were relatively fewer interactions with local familiar strangers from local businesses and local institutions. Females, older people and the more educated were more likely to interact with local familiar strangers. ICSN was positively and strongly associated with interactions with local familiar strangers. Localised ICT use was generally negatively related to interactions with local familiar strangers. This negative relationship between localised ICT use and interaction with local familiar strangers is moderated by ICSN. For residents with lower ICSN, localised ICT use and interactions with local familiar strangers were clearly negatively related, and for those with higher ICSN, the two variables assume a U-shaped relationship.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-10T06:19:09Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241264646
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- Proximity to gentrification and order maintenance policing: How the
diffusion of urban renewal amplifies formal social control-
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Authors: Lallen T Johnson, Malcolm Guy
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Prior studies find that neighbourhoods abutting gentrifying spaces are viewed as ideal for capital investments and thereby subjected to increased police attention. Yet the categorical operationalisation of gentrification in such work presents limitations, particularly given that it is a spatial process. This area of scholarship also warrants a theoretical explanation of the diffusion of urban redevelopment and disorder policing. We address these voids by integrating the literatures of urban studies and crime and deviance to theorise the linkage between nearby gentrification and disorder policing. Using negative binomial regression models to analyse three years of arrest records from the Washington, DC Metropolitan Police Department, we find that the occurrence of gentrification in nearby block groups is associated with increased order maintenance arrests in the average block group. This work demonstrates that the risk of disorder-related regulation extends beyond the bounds of high-value communities, further exposing socioeconomically marginalised groups to the risks of criminal justice contact.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-08T11:38:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241265594
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- Delivering suburban densification: Diverse resident groups and strategies
of support and resistance-
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Authors: Kristian J Ruming, Sha Liu, Simon Pinnegar, Laura Crommelin, Charles Gillon, Hazel Easthope
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Suburbs are at the forefront of urban change, with urban policy looking to increase the density of suburban centres. Thus, the compact city has emerged as a dominant urban policy paradigm, where policy settings are configured to enable densification in designated centres. For some, this is a form of post-suburbanism, characterised by new drivers, experiences and outcomes of suburban redevelopment pressures. However, suburban densification can emerge as a site of contestation as diverse interests, such as residents, developers and governments, come together. We explore three suburban centres in Sydney, Australia, to identify the diverse array of resident positions, objectives and strategies that emerge in response to suburban densification. Drawing from literature on NIMBY (not-in-my-backyard), YIMBY (yes-in-my-backyard) and urban growth machines, we establish an analytical framework that disrupts simple pro- and anti-development positions, identifying five resident groups: supporters; resisters; opponents; expansionists; and beneficiaries.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-08T06:35:58Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241266175
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- Navigating between resistance and unintentional collaboration: The role of
left-wing grassroots associations in the tourist city-
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Authors: Priscilla Santos, Daniel Malet Calvo, Jordi Nofre
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article explores the ambivalent role of a grassroots cultural and activist association and its forced displacement between two districts as a result of the rapidly advancing frontier of gentrification in the city of Lisbon (Portugal). Strong institutional and private pressures led to the eviction of the association from its former location in the now gentrified Bairro Alto and its relocation to Intendente, a formerly degraded and excluded area currently undergoing a transition to marginal gentrification. By combining documentary research of secondary sources and exploratory ethnography that includes interviews with key informants, this article examines how the association has navigated between resistance against urban neoliberalism and its own (unwanted) contribution to the dynamics of marginal gentrification. It concludes by highlighting the need to deepen analysis of the ambivalent nature of activist associations campaigning for the right to the city, while providing clues for understanding how grassroots organisations resist, survive and/or collaborate with the manifold processes of urban change.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-08T06:33:08Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241264722
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- Firm dynamics in urban neighbourhoods and innovation: A microgeographic
analysis-
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Authors: Charlotte Rochell
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
What happens to firms’ innovation activities when new firms enter or leave their urban neighbourhood' We empirically explore the role of knowledge spillovers through firm dynamics using firm-level panel data from Berlin. The results indicate that an increase in firm activities in the neighbourhood through entries and influx positively relates to incumbents’ innovation activities. This finding is restricted to diversity externalities which work on a very small microgeographic scale, vanishing already after a quarter of a kilometre. For specialisation externalities through firm dynamics, we cannot find a link to innovation in incumbents.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-08-08T06:30:11Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241264715
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- Migration across the urban hierarchy: Has China’s urbanisation
transitioned from the primate city stage to the secondary city stage'-
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Authors: Jun Wen, Sylvia JT Jansen, Harry van der Heijden, Peter J Boelhouwer
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The population density in megacities in China gives rise to challenges, such as traffic congestion and soaring housing prices. A trend of leaving primate cities can be observed as well as a population increase in secondary cities. These trends might point to an urbanisation transition from the primate city stage to the secondary city stage. Research is needed to determine at which stage of urbanisation China currently resides, and who are migrating across the different levels of cities in this stage. In order to answer these questions, the current study combines the theory of differential urbanisation and migrant selectivity, and analyses city-level migration patterns and demographic characteristics of migrants across the urban hierarchy. The findings indicate that China is currently in the intermediate primate city stage, where the upward migration across the urban hierarchy is driven by younger adults with higher education and income, and a lower likelihood of marriage or parenthood. Building upon global evidence, this research further extends the theory of differential urbanisation by incorporating migrant selectivity into the interpretation of urbanisation stages. It reveals that educated migrants tend to concentrate and move up the urban hierarchy in the primate city stage but might deconcentrate during the secondary and small city stages. This study offers practical insights for policymakers at the national and city levels to develop population growth plans, adjust targeted migration policies and respond to future urbanisation processes.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-31T09:21:24Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241259923
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- Supplementary rental supply' The digital market for low-cost and informal
housing in Sydney, Australia-
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Authors: Zahra Nasreen, Nicole Gurran, Pranita Shrestha
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article examines real estate platforms and the data they generate to provide new insights into housing markets and practices, focusing on lower-cost and informal sectors, where building or rental regulations are often bypassed or contravened. We examine online listings advertised in Sydney, one of the most expensive cities in Australia and the world, compiling data from four dominant platforms – Realestate.com.au, Flatmates.com.au, Gumtree.com.au and Airbnb.com – each of which offers a particular type of rental accommodation. Using these datasets, we identify a typology of lower-cost and informal tenures and dwelling units, ranging from secondary dwellings and illegally subdivided apartments to shared accommodation and precarious rental agreements. Our study highlights a supplementary supply of rental housing, operating within the conventional private rental market, accessed and made visible via the platforms we examine. Applying a statistical regression approach, we examine relationships between concentrations of informal housing supply and socio-economic variables. The findings reveal intersections between digital platforms and evolving informal market practices and have implications for urban planning and housing policy.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-30T11:26:59Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241262227
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- Urban mobilities in Mumbai: Towards worker-centric platformisation beyond
‘urban solutionism’-
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Authors: Tobias Kuttler
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
As digital mobility platforms, such as ride-hailing apps, have become more widespread and popular, they have garnered public and scholarly interest as potential solutions to challenges of climate change, insufficient mobility services, urban congestion and pollution. This paper examines the potential of ride-hailing platforms through a more critical lens. Thereby I draw attention to how platform transportation workers in Mumbai, India, produce mobility services by collaboratively linking the social and material resources of the city. Networks and communities of transport workers have long been essential for providing intermediate mobility services in Mumbai, and continue to do so in the platform era. Building on these observations, I inquire whether there is potential for the creation of worker-centric platform models that benefit both the workers and the larger urban majority. Therefore, drawing on my fieldwork in Mumbai, I first explore how the current model of digital mobility platforms in Mumbai reinforces socio-spatial fragmentation in Mumbai while leaving workers with decreasing earnings and rising work pressure. Considering the agency of platform workers, I then aim to uncover how platform workers appropriate platform mechanisms and engage their collective knowledge and experiences in order to improve their working situation. I draw upon these insights to highlight how worker-centric approaches to digital mobility platforms can contribute to more inclusive and sustainable cities.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-29T05:08:41Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241264645
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- From communal places to comfort zones: Familiar stranger encounters in
everyday life as a form of belonging-
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Authors: Renee Zahnow, Jonathan Corcoran
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Familiar strangers, individuals who are visually recognisable yet do not engage in verbal conversations, emerge in communal urban places on the way and in between regular daily activities in the home and workplace. Described as invisible social ties and light touch community, familiar strangers represent an understudied and untapped source of sociality that offer promise by way of an antidote to the global increase in reports of loneliness. In this study, we examine the extent to which familiar stranger encounters in communal everyday places might act as an important source of social identity, belonging and perceived attachment. We estimate regression models using data from a 2022 intercept survey of 278 residents in Brisbane, Australia conducted in situ at public parks, transit stations, retail environments, and thoroughfares to estimate the influence of familiar strangers and frequency of visitation on sense of belonging and place attachment. Our results show belonging emerges through familiar stranger encounters in everyday communal places outside of the residential neighbourhood and suggest that coupling urban design features that enhance visible proximity with scheduling that encourages repeated, synchronised visitation can contribute to bounded communities of belonging at everyday communal places.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-28T06:49:49Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241265033
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- Bridging ‘infrastructural solutions’ and ‘infrastructures as
solution’: Regional promises and urban pragmatism-
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Authors: Michael R Glass, Jean-Paul D Addie
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The potential of infrastructure ‘as a solution’ is currently at the forefront of American political consciousness. Historic levels of investment in infrastructure proffer seismic material, economic, and symbolic transformations at a near-continental scale. However, the present policy context for infrastructure planning in the US is confounded by a mosaic of decision-making authorities that hamper the development of cohesive approaches to sustainable and equitable development. This situation underscores the need to identify how infrastructural futures are assembled and scaled as simultaneously continuous and emergent, old and new, and marked by the diverse capacities of various stakeholders. This paper makes a case for ‘seeing like a region’ when examining transformative approaches to infrastructural change, as infrastructure systems regularly transcend the boundaries of urban space and hence become enmeshed in the goals of broader constituencies and interests. Through a case study of the Southwestern Pennsylvania Commission, we question how infrastructural futures are understood and materialised by the region’s central planning stakeholders. Our analysis pays particular attention to the challenges faced by regional planning organisations when navigating the spatial–temporal frames of incremental and radical change. As the Southwestern Pennsylvania Commission operates with limited staff capacity, high regulatory burdens, and short time horizons for budgeting processes, incremental changes to infrastructure often are the best hope for solving regional challenges of structural inequality and uneven access to resources. This demonstrates how the solutions proffered by infrastructural development are confounded by the dynamics that come into focus when evaluated from the regional scale. Yet we also identify possibilities for regional approaches that foster equitable urban futures within the spatial envelopes created by infrastructural systems and imaginaries that transition from reactive ‘infrastructural solutions’ to a proactive materialisation of ‘infrastructures as solutions’.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-28T06:46:34Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241262232
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- Unequal access to childcare in cities: Is equal public funding
sufficient'-
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Authors: Astrid Pennerstorfer, Dieter Pennerstorfer, Michaela Neumayr
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article examines inequalities in the spatial accessibility of childcare between high- and low-status neighbourhoods in the city of Vienna and asks (i) whether specific public and non-profit provider types contribute to these inequalities and (ii) which factors may cause these inequalities in a mainly tax-funded childcare system. For our analysis, we combine data on the location and characteristics of childcare providers with spatially granular information on demand and neighbourhood characteristics. The results show that two provider types – church-related and independent non-profit providers – are mainly responsible for the higher accessibility of childcare in neighbourhoods with higher socio-economic status. Specifically independent providers charge significantly higher prices and offer more special services in these high-status areas. Public funding of a large part of the production costs, therefore, seems insufficient to ensure equal access in all neighbourhoods. These findings suggest that the exclusive comparison between public, private non-profit and private for-profit providers often found in the literature may be too narrow.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-28T06:39:39Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241258298
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- The creative city’s swan song' The individualisation of the music scene
in Bologna, UNESCO City of Music-
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Authors: Sabrina Pedrini, Massimo Giovanardi, Raffaele Corrado
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This paper extends the debate on medium-sized cities as active designers of place-specific neoliberal identities by reporting relevant findings from Bologna, European Capital of Culture in 2000 and a UNESCO City of Music since 2006. The study identifies the formal relationships of collaboration among local musicians as a relevant proxy to discuss the individualisation of the pop-rock music scene and its variations between 1978 and 2019. For this purpose, formal Social Network Analysis is combined with semi-structured interview analysis and archival research. The findings reveal decreased levels of social cohesion among artists and establishes a link between growing individualisation in the local music scene and an increasing tourist-orientation in the city.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-28T06:38:05Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241257791
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- Proptech and the private rental sector: New forms of extraction at the
intersection of rental properties and platform rentierisation-
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Authors: Dallas Rogers, Sophia Maalsen, Peta Wolifson, Desiree Fields
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Private renting increasingly comprises a complex ecosystem of actors who assemble housing within the market, and collect rental income and data from tenants, and data on the material assets themselves. Our analysis – at the intersection of rentier and platform capitalism – focuses on landed (material real estate) and technological (digital infrastructure and data) property in Australia’s private rental system. Drawing out relationships between the various actors – landlords, rental property managers and real estate agencies, software developers and providers, property developers and investors – and both their properties and their uses of Proptech (property technology), we show how housing and technology are being leveraged for profit in new ways. In Australia, landed property retains its precedence for established (individual and institutional) landlords, whose interest in Proptech relates to enhancing or value-adding to rental housing assets. For Proptech and institutional real estate players seeking to consolidate both landed and technology property, capturing the tech landscape is increasingly important; indeed, securing control and/or consolidation of technology property is a key motivation for building and/or using Proptech among the largest property developers. Our findings show how rent extraction operates across and between different types and scales of property and market actors, and in new ways that differentiate the figure of the rentier while upholding the dynamics of the rentier model.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-27T08:57:47Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241262916
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- (De)Financing remunicipalisation
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Authors: David A McDonald
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
One of the primary impediments to the realisation and success of remunicipalisation can be financing. Not all remunicipalisations require additional funding, but the costs of bringing services back in-house can be enormous, preventing remunicipalisation efforts from getting off the ground and constraining what is possible once in place. This article discusses the conditions under which financing is necessary for remunicipalisation and examines a variety of (potential) sources of funding. It compares the financial needs of ‘pragmatic’ versus ‘transformative’ remunicipalisations and discusses the availability and suitability of different sources of financing for each. The paper also asks whether remunicipalisation provides an opportunity to ‘definancialise’ public services, exploring the pros and cons of different funding options in this regard, with a focus on the potential for public banks to play a role in reducing the influence of private finance in the public arena.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-27T08:51:59Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241262705
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- Racial capitalism in urban studies: From spaces of victimisation to spaces
of benefit-
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Authors: Jason Hackworth, Prentiss Dantzler
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The burgeoning growth of racial capitalism work within urban studies (RCUS) has garnered considerable attention. In this critical commentary, we embark on an examination of existing scholarship to ascertain its theoretical relevance within this domain. Our inquiry reveals a predominant focus on the plight of individuals ensnared in the web of everyday racial capitalism. The existing body of work predominantly directs its gaze towards what we term ‘spaces of victimisation’, while largely neglecting those who derive advantages from this system. Transcending from the study of victimisation to the exploration of spaces characterised by benefit presents formidable challenges. We consider some of the challenges to making the leap from spaces of victimisation to spaces of benefit: the routineness of benefit, the scale(s) of benefit, and the remoteness of benefit. In sum, we suggest how the application of RCUS might confront these multifaceted challenges, offering a unique vantage point for critical analysis.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-27T08:46:28Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241262197
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- Book review: How Cities Can Transform Democracy
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Authors: Matthew Thompson
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-25T05:36:23Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241265624
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- Book review: Streets in Motion: The Making of Infrastructure, Property,
and Political Culture in Twentieth Century Calcutta-
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Authors: Saeed Ahmad
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-25T05:35:16Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241265050
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- Examining collaborative planning processes and outcomes in urban
regeneration: A deliberative turn in China'-
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Authors: Xiaomeng Zhou, Yanliu Lin, Jochen Monstadt, Pieter Hooimeijer, Shifu Wang, Zheng Liu
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Collaborative planning practices have recently emerged in China to deal with the complexity and conflicts of interest in urban regeneration. Building on the concept of authoritarian deliberation, this study develops a conceptual framework to examine the reasons for initiating collaborative planning, and its processes and outcomes. Through the case study of Guangzhou’s Enning Road micro-regeneration project, this research deepens understanding of collaborative planning in an authoritarian context. It reveals that deliberative methods were used by the local government to mitigate conflicts and improve governance performance in urban regeneration. While deliberations in an authoritarian context met many process criteria of collaborative planning, the collaborative processes had limited influence on planning outcomes. In addition, this study marks the increased level of participation in Chinese urban regeneration and discusses the limitation of deliberative practices in an authoritarian context. Lastly, this study reflects on the adoption of collaborative planning approaches as a state strategy to balance various interests and reinforce its dominance in market-driven urban regeneration, ultimately to achieve goals beyond economic benefits.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-24T05:17:32Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241259985
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- Access to the exclusive city: Home sharing as an affordable housing
strategy-
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Authors: Julia Gabriele Harten, Geoff Boeing
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Home sharing, particularly via online platforms, is becoming a mainstream housing strategy as social processes evolve and housing costs rise. Recent research has studied shared rentals as a modality for students and kin-based households, as one strategy among diversifying pathways to housing and as a social phenomenon. However, we still know little about whether it actually creates opportunities for home seekers in unaffordable markets. Analysing online rental listings in Los Angeles, we find that shared rentals are both more affordable and more widely available across diverse neighbourhoods than traditional whole-unit rentals. Shared rentals have historically been understudied due to their limited data trail, but they offer important entryways into unaffordable markets. We argue for shared housing research to shift its traditional focus away from students and young adults and towards a broader exploration of the diverse populations that may benefit from or depend on shared housing.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-24T05:16:12Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241258297
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- A conceptual framework for understanding neighbourhoods in the digital age
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Authors: Tali Hatuka
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Digital platforms are a central infrastructure that has dramatically changed our daily lives. Like any other urban infrastructure and amenity, the digital platform has a heterogeneous influence on social groups. Studies exploring the influence of the digital on the mundane tend to focus on users, their socioeconomic status and their digital skills. However, digitisation is not an exogenous force; rather, it relates to culture and place. The departure point of this article is to conceptualise the idea of neighbourhood in the digital age, which offers a path towards understanding the role of the digital in our daily lives in relation to places. The article starts by discussing the neighbourhood and digitisation, addressing gaps and links that connect these themes. This discussion is followed by presentation of a framework linking the material with the virtual in understanding neighbourhoods. This framework is based on gathering data on four key issues: spatial configuration, digital infrastructure, demographic profile and digital participation in a neighbourhood. Jointly, these four issues are viewed as the means to contextualise and expand the way we think about the interplay between infrastructures and the agency of the neighbourhood’s inhabitants.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-24T05:14:52Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241257392
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- Seeking opportunity or socio-economic status' Housing and school
choice in Sweden-
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Authors: Fredrik W Andersson, Selcan Mutgan, Axel Norgren, Karl Wennberg
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Residential choices and school choices are intimately connected in school systems where school admission relies on proximity rules. In countries with universal school choice systems, however, it remains an open question whether families’ residential mobility is tied to the choice of their children’s school, and with what consequences. Using administrative data on all children approaching primary-school age in Sweden, we study to what extent families’ financial and socio-economic background affects mobility between neighbourhoods and the characteristics of schools chosen by moving families. Our findings show that families do utilise the housing market as an instrument for school choice over the year preceding their firstborn child starting school. However, while families who move do ‘climb the social ladder’ by moving to neighbourhoods with more households of higher socio-economic status, their chosen schools do not appear to be of higher academic quality compared to those their children would otherwise have attended.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-24T05:13:12Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241257148
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- Preference for internet at home in a disadvantaged neighbourhood
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Authors: Sören Petermann
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Although most households are equipped with digital information and communication technologies (DICT), a significant digital divide remains in internet access at home along income and digital native/immigrant status. Previous research has mainly investigated whether this digital inequality is attributable to constraints such as technological availability or financial resources. This article examines the extent to which digital inequality of internet access at home is preference-driven by comparing internet preference with other housing preferences and investigating the effect heterogeneity of social status on internet preference. We analyse a dataset comprising 131 residents of a disadvantaged neighbourhood in Bochum, Germany. This neighbourhood provides a suitable setting, as internet access is available throughout the area but varies between individual households. Using a factorial survey with housing vignettes, we assess the importance of internet preference. This research design circumvents many of the difficulties in measuring housing preferences, such as unrealistic wishful thinking, and facilitates the investigation of effect heterogeneity in terms of social status characteristics. The results show that the preference for internet access at home is comparable to that of other housing amenities and does not vary according to age, income or the presence of children. The findings reinforce the importance of the financial constraint-driven causes of the digital divide.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-24T05:10:32Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241256905
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- Castro, Soho, Chueca, Le Marais. An international approach to queer urban
spaces of symbolic capital accumulation-
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Authors: Jose Carpio-Pinedo, Jesús López-Baeza
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
LGBTQ+ neighbourhoods and venues in our cities have fulfilled many vital functions for LGBTQ+ people and for society as a whole. Generally identified through the concentration of consumption spaces that host meetings between LGBTQ+ people, they have a great symbolic value in the fight for their rights and against intolerance. At a time when doubts arise about their future, there are far fewer spatial, quantitative and systematic analyses of these concentration patterns, especially from an international and comparative approach to the phenomenon. The digitisation of our daily lives generates big data that make possible avenues of research that were hitherto impossible, not only in detail and extent, but also in the nature of the questions to answer. In this article, we analyse Foursquare location-based social big data to quantify and spatialise clustering patterns of queer places and symbolic capital in four LGBTQ+ neighbourhoods (Castro in San Francisco, Soho in London, Chueca in Madrid and Le Marais in Paris) and take similar spaces with no LGBTQ+ identity as a reference. In doing so, the greater accumulation of symbolic capital in LGBTQ+ spaces is revealed and measured in these four cities. In future, similar studies could capture trends like the gentrification of these environments, to help policymakers make data-driven decisions to promote more inclusive and diverse cities.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-24T05:09:12Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241256821
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- Invisible fish: The selective (dis)connection of elite Chinese gated
community residents from urban public space-
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Authors: Yixin Liu, Rowland Atkinson
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Gated communities remain identified with strong forms of socio-physical segregation, yet there has been relatively light engagement with the question of how their residents engage with the city more broadly. This relationship, of protected privacy to open public space, is important because segregation is found in modes of mobility as well as in fixed residential spaces. This article contributes to the understanding of mobile forms of segregation by examining the use of public space, and sites of work, leisure and city services, by the (upper) middle-class residents of two high-end gated communities in Zhanjiang, a middle-tier Chinese city. In these relatively new elite residential spaces, newly status-conscious inhabitants reveal how their use of private modes of travel, avoidance of public transportation systems and efforts at seamless traversal of urban spaces connect to ideas of social achievement. Through extensive qualitative fieldwork in these two sites, we are granted a privileged insight into the ways in which China’s nascent middle classes utilise shielded addresses from which to access what they see as status-conferring lifestyle and taste destinations through private modes of mobility.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-24T05:07:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241256746
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- Questioning pandemic recovery: A regional second city perspective
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Authors: Charles Williams, Mark Pendras
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The Covid-19 pandemic unsettled many assumptions about cities and urban life. Even discounting media fears about urban ‘collapse’, the pandemic and its aftermath have led to real uncertainties about the trajectory of urban development. While the struggles of ‘superstar’ cities in the Global North have attracted significant attention, here we shift focus onto the experiences of regional second cities in an attempt to capture a different perspective. In doing so, we avoid both the sensationalism of ‘doom loop’ projections that herald the end of major cities and the uncritical embrace of new ‘opportunities’ for peripheral cities in the wake of pandemic turmoil. Instead, we offer a more critical view that acknowledges some new possibilities while highlighting both their constrained parameters and the related threat of regional gentrification. As cities around the country begin to recover from the turmoil of pandemic disruption, we accordingly question the applicability and consequences of some of the more prominent recovery strategies beyond the context of major cities and suggest careful consideration of alternative development paths for regional second cities. To illustrate the regional second city experience, we explore recent outcomes in Tacoma, Washington, where the city’s post-pandemic development strategy embraces a reliance on luxury residential growth and associated consumer amenities, defined in relation to the dominant neighbouring city of Seattle. Cautioning over working-class displacement, regional gentrification and other vulnerabilities associated with this version of recovery, we conclude by looking at emerging housing activism in Tacoma for insights into how the present moment might generate new political organising for more equitable urban development.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-07-24T05:05:32Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241255198
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- Customary land management systems and urban planning in peri-urban
informal settlements-
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Authors: Herman Geyer
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Customary land management systems are informal, community-driven land-use regulation systems that adapt zoning regulations and customary tenure to cooperatively self-regulate land-use management in multi-ethnic peri-urban settlements. The research uses an integrative literature review to critically re-evaluate the various concepts and practices of customary land management, their impact on the unique morphology of peri-urban areas and their relationship with urban planning. The research results indicate that customary land management systems are intrinsically linked to peri-urban settlements due to their polymorphic spatial structure and complex social groupings. It provides a simplified accessible and affordable land management system with multiple avenues for agency and a balance of power between different authorities. This generates a new set of social relations around neo-customary tenure. Customary land management systems are also linked to urban planning within a dual regulatory structure, combining formal policies and informal customs and providing alternatives for exploitative and exclusionary processes in weak and inefficient states.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-06-18T12:59:49Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241253790
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- Housing the historical bloc: Civil society contestation of authoritarian
neoliberalism in England-
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Authors: Gareth Fearn
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Neoliberalisation, particularly since the financial crisis, has been associated with significant housing crises. Rising prices and rents have benefitted asset owners, whilst squeezing younger generations out of the ‘property owning democracy’. As the tensions between these two groups grow, states are seeking further reforms to urban planning to deliver greater levels of private house-building, as a policy fix which also serves the interests of capital. To deliver further neoliberal reforms, though, states are increasingly turning towards more authoritarian practices to manage growing dissent to neoliberal rule. Drawing on Gramsci and theoretical insights from the major crises of the 1970s, this paper analyses how authoritarian practices, statist and populist, are derived from the administrative and legitimation crises that followed the financial crash of 2007/8. It focuses on a particular administrative crisis – housing in England – to show how increasingly coercive urban planning practices were advocated for at national level, which in turn revealed tensions within the ‘historical bloc’ of the neoliberal order. In the English case the government has struggled to cohere the consent of capital and civil society, with key class fractions of the historical bloc divided over planning reform. I argue that the contestations have nonetheless shifted political common sense towards reducing deliberative and democratic practices, shifting accountability from those with structural power to those with much more marginal power.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-06-18T01:02:48Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241254925
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- Book review: Urban Surfaces, Graffiti, and the Right to the City: Space,
Materiality and the Normative-
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Authors: Tim Cresswell
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-06-13T10:33:59Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241259400
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- Review essay: Recent books on urban India
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Authors: Michiel Baas
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-06-13T10:32:33Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241258387
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- Communities built on political trust: Theory and evidence from China
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Authors: Yu Zeng, Shitong Qiao
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This study offers a unique mixed-methods investigation on the formation of neighbourhood communities in China’s megacities. We find that the local government helps homeowners overcome prevalent collective action problems and govern themselves more effectively. Neighbourhoods that have established homeowners’ associations (HOAs) enjoy better governing outcomes than those without HOAs, as evidenced by homeowners wielding greater control over neighbourhood affairs, showing heightened respect for democratic principles, and maintaining a stronger sense of community identity. Owing to these positive outcomes, and as compared to their counterparts in neighbourhoods without HOAs, homeowner activists in neighbourhoods with HOAs develop a deeper trust in their local government. As such, our argument that urban communities are based on political trust in authoritarian regimes complicates the conventional view that such regimes either repress civic engagement or manipulate civic organisations for social control.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-30T07:00:09Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241252043
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- Small is beautiful' Making sense of ‘shrinking’ homes
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Authors: Phil Hubbard
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Current land pressures in the world cities of the global North are encouraging a move towards denser urban living and the development of smaller homes than has been the case for many decades. While this appears environmentally beneficial when compared with the alternative of suburban sprawl, it comes at a cost: the number of extremely small homes appears to be increasing particularly rapidly, with less communal and public space available to those living in compact homes which offer little room for socialising, storing possessions or working from home. Drawing specifically on the experience of England and Wales, with a focus on the overheated property market in London, this commentary sets out an international agenda for the study of small homes, noting the growing evidence of the negative impact of dense urban living on mental and physical health, home-working and familial and intimate relations, as well as its failure to solve the crisis of affordability. The article suggests that rather than being a reasoned response to the housing and environmental crises, the phenomenon of ‘shrinking homes’ indicates the growing role of finance in the development of cities, suggestive of the way that developers are extracting maximum value from restricted urban sites in an era of planning deregulation. In conclusion, the commentary argues that urban scholarship needs to compile more evidence of space inequality in cities, pushing for policies designed to enforce minimal space standards while reducing the ability of the wealthy to construct very large homes.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-30T06:58:13Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241249049
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- ‘Lines of flight’ in city food networks: A relational approach to food
systems transformation-
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Authors: Roberta Discetti, Diletta Acuti
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This paper focuses on multi-actor partnerships within city food networks geared towards food system transformation. While an emergent body of research uncovered collective tactics in the context of urban food strategies, more research is needed to understand how tactics mobilised by multiple state, civil society, and market actors change based on different engagements and connections – namely their relational aspects. We conducted a systematic literature review of interdisciplinary research on Fair Trade Towns, one of the most globally widespread examples of multi-actor city food networks, to observe tactics from a relational perspective, analysed through the Deleuzian theoretical device of ‘lines of flight’. Findings show what tactics are employed by different state, civil society, and market actors in city food networks, and how these different partnerships act along ‘lines of flight’, activated relationally depending on the connections and the power dynamics in different assemblages. We conclude by identifying new avenues for future research to understand the relational, unfolding, and complex character of food system transformation.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-30T06:56:58Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241247780
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- Targeting the centre and (least) poor: Evidence from urban Lahore,
Pakistan-
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Authors: Hadia Majid, Mahvish Shami
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Using the case of Pakistan, this article explores the distribution and politics of public goods provision in urban slums. Across slums, we find that public goods are mainly provided to households located in central slums rather than those in the urban periphery. Within slums, we find politicians target spending towards wealthy households but do not go through brokers, unlike the more-studied case of India. Overall, the article shows how electoral incentives in Pakistan are biased against programmatic public goods provision for the urban poor. Our results then point to variation in patronage politics among slums in the Global South.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-30T06:55:14Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241245339
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- Places to be young: The dispossession of public space in Old Havana
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Authors: Joanna Kocsis
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The touristification of Old Havana is resulting in unique patterns of gentrification that rely on a new spatial imaginary, the enforcement of which is resulting in the loss of places for residents to be young. The Cuban state’s preservation of significant proportions of social housing as part of its investments in the heritage tourism industry is disrupting common housing-led displacement in the city. The neighbourhood’s economic transition is concentrated instead in public spaces, as squares and streets are taken over by new tourist-serving businesses. This process of enclosure dispossesses locals of both public and private leisure spaces, as the cost of consumption in said businesses is beyond the purchasing power afforded by Cuban salaries. The dispossession of public space is particularly problematic for local youth who, given the persistence and pervasiveness of Havana’s housing crisis, spend the majority of their free time in streets and squares. This displacement of youth reinforces existing patterns of exclusion and discrimination along lines of race, class and gender. Given the particular value of public space for youth development in communities like Old Havana, this article documents the three main processes through which young people are being displaced from or dispossessed of urban public space in their neighbourhood, enclosure, sanitisation and temporary appropriation, and discusses the impacts on young peoples’ place-related identity.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-28T04:16:21Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241249421
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- Local state leadership: State-leading groups in governing urban China
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Authors: Jie Guo, Hong’ou Zhang, Yongchun Yang
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article examines the urban development strategies and pro-growth politics in China from a local state leadership perspective, focusing on the power dynamics within the local state leadership under China’s fragmented authoritarian system. The state-leading group is an innovative governance technique intentionally designed to overcome the institutional flaws of ‘tiao-kuai segmentation’. It plays a critical role in fostering a common vision of ‘growth promotion’, aligning goals and unifying actions in the administrative system, broadening social consensus and promoting public–private partnerships. This study improves upon the understanding of the micro-mechanisms of state-led urban development within China’s fragmented authoritarian regime by exploring the heterogeneity of state actors as well as the agency of key local political actors (groups) in aligning goals and interests within and beyond the state and their political rationalities. By highlighting the conflicts and negotiations that exist within the state, the debate on state-led urban development and pro-growth politics is extended using China as an example.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-28T04:14:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241247787
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- Why mixed communities regeneration fails to improve the lives of
low-income young people-
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Authors: Rana Khazbak
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The demolition and replacement of social housing with mixed income communities is thought to mitigate the harmful effects of growing up in geographical concentrations of poverty and improve the life chances of low-income populations. However, there is little evidence on how young people are impacted by mixed communities regeneration prevalent in many cities across the Western world. This paper examines the mechanisms through which the capabilities of low-income young people are influenced by transforming their social housing estate into a mixed income community. It draws on participatory research with teenagers and adult stakeholders in a London mixed income neighbourhood. The findings suggest that mixed communities regeneration perpetuates the social injustices that young people from disadvantaged backgrounds experience in the city. The paper identifies and unpacks the mechanisms of stigmatisation, exclusion, social inequalities, community fragmentation and marginalisation of youth voices implicated in these injustices. These mechanisms constrain many of the capabilities young people value including their ability to benefit from their neighbourhood’s regeneration.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-27T10:16:07Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241248965
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- ‘Once you come, you are a Shenzhener’' Multifaceted and variegated
sense of place among migrants in Shenzhen-
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Authors: Huimin Du
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
To what extent is contemporary Chinese urbanism cohesive and integrative' This study delves into the multifaceted and variegated nature of sense of place among internal migrants in Chinese cities, with a focus on Shenzhen, a city at the forefront of policy experimentation and a quintessential immigrant city. The findings reveal different levels of sense of belonging/attachment, local identity and sense of home among natives, hukou migrants and non-hukou migrants. The sense of belonging/attachment is mainly influenced by the relational factor, while local identity is predominantly determined by the legal factor, and sense of home is primarily influenced by the economic factor. Meanwhile, hukou migrants place greater importance on the relational factor, while non-hukou migrants emphasise the economic factor. Furthermore, the research identifies five types of sense of place among migrants based on different configurations of belonging/attachment, local identity and sense of home. This study sheds light on the complexity of sense of place and the nuances of belonging, attachment, identity and home in contemporary Chinese urbanism.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-27T10:14:17Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241247561
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- Mapping religion, space and economic outcomes in Indian cities
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Authors: Sripad Motiram, Vamsi Vakulabharanam
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
We deploy a socio-spatial approach and use a spatially representative survey that we conducted in the Indian cities of Hyderabad and Mumbai to analyse the relation between city space and religion. There are similarities and differences across these two cities in terms of how religion intersects with city space. While Muslims are much more marginalised in both cities relative to other communities like Hindus or Jains, and live in ghettos/enclaves, their position is relatively better in Mumbai. This is partly reflected in their higher integration with other religious communities in Mumbai and perhaps caused as well by this higher integration. A key finding on the relation between city space and religion is that compared to segregated neighbourhoods, mixed (‘greyer’) neighbourhoods produce better outcomes such as lower poverty and better education. This finding has significance for cities across the world as a way of assessing segregation and its harmful effects on economic development outcomes. We also argue that while Indian cities have become less integrated along religious lines over the last three to four decades, this process is both universal (i.e. relevant beyond the Indian context) and far from complete, and needs to be reversed.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-27T10:10:57Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241246512
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- The making of a global neighbourhood in China
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Authors: Fanling Cheng, Zai Liang, Tao Xu
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Global neighbourhood, as a new immigrant settlement pattern, has been confirmed to benefit residential diversity and civic engagement in the United States. Based on fieldwork in Yiwu City, the world’s largest small-commodity distribution centre, we examine the formation of a global neighbourhood in China as a new immigrant destination country. Through field observations and in-depth interviews with immigrant residents, social workers and restaurant owners, we identify several factors contributing to the neighbourhood evolution, including immigrants’ market-driven rational choice, the local government’s multi-faceted service and the bridging role of Chinese ethnic minorities. This Yiwu model suggests a new way to think about immigrant settlement patterns that deserves more attention from urban scholars. Moreover, the patterns we discovered reveal new immigrant settlement mechanisms outside the US context, which enriches the current literature on global neighbourhoods and new immigrant destinations.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-27T10:09:27Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241245324
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- Smaller cities as sites of youth migrant incorporation
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Authors: Mukta Naik
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Rather than the long-term rural–urban migration to metropolitan centres, India’s structural transformation process is characterised by complexified migrations and dispersed urbanisation. This article develops concepts of cities positioned in multiscalar power to propose a place-based, mobilities-sensitive approach and relational approach to urban theory that place smaller Indian cities within a broader narrative on migrant incorporation beyond the restrictive dichotomies of global and ordinary cities and domestic and international migration. Through two case studies, it shows how, despite low scalar positions on account of weak governance and informalised economies, smaller cities shape varied employment opportunities and generate spatially and temporally varied mobilities for domestic migrants. However, incorporation remains contingent on patronage-based social networks, creating differentiated experiences for those from different social locations; still more inclusive incorporation pathways are possible through expanding welcoming infrastructure and social fields for young migrants.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-27T10:06:47Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241237416
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- Reimagining the urban through agency as healing justice: Stories from
Kolkata and Chicago-
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Authors: Ritwika Biswas, Elizabeth L. Sweet
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
To address violence against women in cities, urban scholars and planners have primarily focused on challenging problematic urban built environments, social norms and unequal power relations but have missed emphasising the healing of the harmed individuals and communities. In this paper, we are interested in the role that agency can play in the healing justice process of individuals and communities with experience of violence and spatial trauma. Building on healing justice scholarship, we argue for a multilayered approach to address the range of violences women and marginalised communities experience over time in urban spaces by repairing societal and urban faults while simultaneously tending to the healing and well-being of the impacted individuals and communities. Based on stories from the everyday lives of different groups of women in Kolkata and Chicago, we highlight instances of women reclaiming urban spaces in their everyday lives through varied acts of their agency while also building a sense of community agency, ultimately leading towards healing justice. The temporal component of healing is long-term, but fostering actionable agency is essential in moving towards communities being healed. Therefore, to facilitate healing processes, paying attention to the everyday acts of embodied agency may provide practical tools for urban scholars and planners to understand community needs and desires and make cities inclusive and safe.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-27T07:00:12Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241249070
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- ‘I leave the everyday behind, everyday’: Sounds and spaces of the
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Authors: Christy Kulz
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Processes of gentrification and redevelopment have accelerated in Berlin in the decades following reunification, however the lens of research inquiry has most often been trained upon districts like Kreuzberg or Neukölln – areas synonymous with media portrayals of Berlin as a hedonistic, gritty, artistic location. These analyses rarely deal with how the regulation of sound features in Berlin’s reshaping via investment capital. This paper builds on previous research on housing developments and regeneration in Berlin, however it centres itself within the under-researched, affluent space of Dahlem in southwest Berlin. While this long affluent area does not necessarily undergo new-build gentrification, luxury developments like Fünf Morgen provoke sonic and spatial conflicts that highlight cleavages between different factions of the middle-classes. The paper shows how luxury housing projects come to shape the sonic and spatial atmospheres of cities via a micro-examination of sonic and spatial struggles around Fünf Morgen Dahlem Urban Village built almost 10 years ago. Through a discursive and ethnographic engagement with the everyday life of this site formerly occupied by the American Army Forces, the paper explores the urban atmospheres created by these projects after their instantiation. It evidences the neoliberal privatisation processes at work via sonic and spatial conflicts in already affluent city areas.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-23T12:15:24Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241249061
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- African Urban Studies: Contributions and Challenges
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Authors: Sylvia Croese, Astrid Wood
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Scholarship on African cities represents a growing yet still scarce subfield in urban studies, especially considering the scale and variety of African urbanisation patterns. The purpose of this Virtual Special Issue is to review the scholarship published on urban Africa in Urban Studies over the past five decades. In this Editorial, we reflect on the contributions of African urban scholarship and present a selection of articles to highlight the ways in which it has shaped key fields of urban studies. We also note the challenges that underpin ongoing lacunae in urban knowledge production and suggest directions for future work. This discussion provides a lens on our understandings of the urban condition in Africa and the general trajectory of urban scholarship.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-08T12:01:20Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241239184
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- Infrastructural politics: A conceptual mapping and critical review
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Authors: León Felipe Téllez Contreras
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The notion of infrastructural politics has been increasingly used in urban studies as it helps to explore urbanisation processes, the urban condition and urban life. Given its relevance, this article maps out and critically reviews the main analytical strands that inform its meanings, namely, conventional and popular infrastructural politics. These strands reveal the current tendency to demarcate infrastructural politics as two separate, antagonistic domains that associate the notion with particular hegemonic and subaltern actors, practices and processes. The article problematises this tendency and proposes a broader understanding of infrastructural politics as an ordinary and contentious political arena where diverse actors develop politico-infrastructural repertoires that co-exist in multifaceted, conflictive ways rather than as separate domains. Drawing on political ethnographic understandings of politics, infrastructural politics is conceived as a point of convergence where conventional and popular infrastructural politics meet and mesh. This suggests the possibility of cross-fertilising conversations between infrastructure studies and political ethnography that can refine our understanding of infrastructural politics, first, by promoting a more nuanced examination of the overlaps and interdependencies between hegemonic and subaltern politico-infrastructural actors and practices, and second, by addressing the critical role of infrastructures in enabling and materialising such overlaps and interdependencies.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-08T10:57:38Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241246206
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- Discontent in the world city of Singapore
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Authors: Gordon Kuo Siong Tan, Jessie PH Poon, Orlando Woods
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
A burgeoning literature on ‘left behind’ places has emerged that captures the backlash against globalisation and highlights the locales that lag world cities. This paper integrates the ‘left behind’ and world cities literatures through the lens of discontent in the context of Singapore, using sentiment analysis and topic modelling as well as interviews with local professionals to unpack the multidimensional aspects of discontent. Focusing on the Singapore–India Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement that spurred discontent directed at foreign Indian professionals, we show that the worlding generated by transnational flows has accentuated intra-urban inequality through racialisation and spatialisation of financial business and suburban residential hubs. Discontent from intra-urban inequality unsettles years of efforts by the state to cultivate cosmopolitan spaces aimed at reducing social exclusion and difference in the world city of Singapore.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-04T12:25:30Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241246913
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- Megaprojects in austerity times: Populism, politicisation, and the
breaking of the neoliberal consensus-
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Authors: Amparo Tarazona Vento
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Drawing on the literature on neoliberalism and populism this paper examines the potential of contentious politics that target iconic megaprojects for promoting societal politicisation and effectively challenge the neoliberal consensus over the necessity of sustained growth and competitiveness, in a context of enduring austerity. Using the case of Valencia as an entry point, it looks at how, just as decision makers and global architects alike had mobilised iconic megaprojects and events to generate consent for the city’s neoliberal urban policy, opposition movements, with less economic resources but in innovative ways, provided an alternative narrative to interpret the urban policy and its social consequences. Empirically, this paper draws upon 35 semi-structured research interviews and a press coverage analysis of national and regional newspapers. Interviews were conducted with urban environment professionals, members of business associations, members of political parties, elected politicians, journalists, community representatives and members of the social movements involved. From both theoretical and empirical perspectives, the case of Valencia raises important questions regarding the potential of populist strategies to foster politicisation and challenge the neoliberal post-political consensus.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-04T12:22:30Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241246704
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- Smart cities, virtual futures' – Interests of urban actors in mediating
digital technology and urban space in Tallinn, Estonia-
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Authors: Olli Ilmari Jakonen
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Urban spaces are reconfigured as digital technologies are increasingly embedded into cities. While existing research has considered the role of urban actors in implementing digital technologies as part of the smart urbanism framework, it has insufficiently considered the role that urban space plays for individual stakeholders and the implications this has for how they contribute to digital cities. This article therefore explores the converging interests of urban actors in mediating digital technology adoption in urban space. It draws on literature on the spatial impact of digital technologies, digital urban growth, and urban governance theory to frame the agency of urban actors to mobilise resources and collaboration to protect their interests. The paper provides insight into how interests in digital technology adoption and in the use of urban space intersect in a middle-sized European city – Tallinn, Estonia – and how these interests converge between local key stakeholders in local governance. Based on a thematic analysis of interviews, it is argued that the potential of digital technologies to dislocate functionalities from physical urban space should be understood against the backdrop of local actors’ interests. It is therefore suggested that smart urbanism should be understood as a framework through which actors of the city attempt to seize the benefits of digital technologies without compromising their interests in urban space.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-05-04T12:18:31Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241245871
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- Walls and openings: The politics of containment of informal communities in
Islamabad-
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Authors: Faiza Moatasim
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In many large cities today, spaces of extreme wealth and poverty often exist in proximity. City officials, private developers and wealthy residents often ‘correct’ this cheek-by-jowl situation of proximate yet drastically unequal communities by building physical walls and fences between them. What is the interface between spaces inside and outside the walls built around low-income communities in elite neighbourhoods' How do people living inside the walls built to contain their communities engage with this infrastructure of control' This article addresses these questions by presenting the politics of socio-spatial separation of a low-income and informally built walled community called France Colony in a wealthy neighbourhood in Islamabad (Pakistan). It shows how the wall around France Colony is not only an ineffective sealing device; its porosity has also ironically prompted adjacent wealthy residents to retreat inside their large homes and raise their boundary walls. Not only do walls make obvious the intentions and anxieties of people on the outside trying to control the presence and growth of a low-income community, but spatial practices and negotiations around involuntarily built enclosures can minimise their restrictive intent and provide opportunities for enclosed communities to demand their rights to space.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-30T09:38:13Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241244704
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- Inhabiting digital spaces: An informational right to the city for mobility
justice-
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Authors: Dian Nostikasari, Nicole Foster, Lauren Krake
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Space is often produced digitally before it is produced physically. This article investigates how the right to the city can be broadened to include the appropriation of digital spaces to produce ‘lived’ transportation spaces. Focussing on mobilisation against highway expansion in Dallas, Texas, we ask the following: (1) what are the mechanisms through which space is conceived, perceived, and lived through the lens of mobility justice; (2) how might claims for technical information challenge dominant transportation policies and projects; and (3) how might participants inhabit digital spaces' We conduct a qualitative analysis of transportation planning narratives, visualisations, and public comments in three documents: the Dallas City Center Master Assessment Process, Coalition for a New Dallas’ I-345/45 Framework Plan, and public survey data regarding proposed highway changes (n = 1241). Findings demonstrate how residents challenge transportation ‘needs’ as often determined in conceptual planning spaces. Further, technologies can be appropriated to produce differential spaces, which can alter the trajectory of highway projects. Challenging the legitimacy of institutionalised knowledge through the appropriation and production of digital spaces forms part of a larger claim to the right of the city.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-30T09:36:14Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241244512
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- Does gentrification constrain housing markets for low-income households'
Evidence from household residential mobility in the New York and San
Francisco metropolitan areas-
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Authors: Taesoo Song, Karen Chapple
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This research investigates whether gentrification restricts housing markets for low-income households by focussing on the New York and San Francisco metropolitan areas from 2013 to 2019. We investigate whether gentrification correlates with increased out-migration and decreased in-migration of low-income residents in affected neighbourhoods, and how it shapes where out-movers relocate. We leverage a unique longitudinal dataset to compare two extreme regional contexts characterised by significant affordability challenges and intense housing regulations. By doing so, this study aims to provide a more refined understanding of gentrification and residential mobility dynamics, avoiding broad generalisations or a narrow focus on single metropolitan contexts. The findings indicate that in both regions, low-income households are indeed more likely to leave gentrifying neighbourhoods compared to non-gentrifying ones and less likely to enter them compared to higher-income households. The study also finds mixed results regarding the subsequent residential situations of these low-income movers. Based on these findings, we provide implications for research and policies oriented towards improving housing and neighbourhood access for low-income households in rapidly changing urban areas.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-29T12:04:41Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241244699
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- Green in their own way: Pragmatic and progressive means for cities to
overcome institutional barriers to sustainability-
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Authors: Ana Gonzalez, Christof Brandtner
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
To realise their potential to lead in sustainability development, cities require both symbolic resources such as social capital and legitimacy and material resources such as financial and technical support. Recent research in urban studies has shown that cities overcome institutional barriers to urban sustainability by drawing on support from their wider environment. However, we argue that resource needs vary depending on whether cities spotlight or sideline sustainability. Drawing on in-depth interviews with sustainability managers in cities with variable seriousness about sustainability, and representatives of city networks and support organisations, we show that cities express different symbolic and material resource needs as well as means to acquire them. When cities express pragmatic needs, they seek to demonstrate political feasibility and look to peer cities for legitimation; when cities express progressive needs, they aim to push the boundaries of technical possibility and broadcast their achievements to the world. Since cities require dissimilar external support, skewed attention towards ‘leading’ cities in extant research limits our understanding of how cities can overcome institutional barriers to climate action, especially when these barriers are high. Our findings offer contributions to the literature on city strategies for climate change on the institutional drivers of urban sustainability.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-23T12:51:30Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241239788
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- Moving through Toronto’s PATH: Assembling private urban governance
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Authors: Debra Mackinnon, Stefan Treffers, Randy K Lippert
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This paper explores Toronto’s urban PATH, a 30 km network of underground pedestrian tunnels and elevated walkways that connect shopping areas, residential towers, mass transit and downtown destinations. Both as a case and heuristic, this paper situates Toronto’s PATH as an assemblage of private urban governance forms, exploring emergent and evolving constellations of power and responsibility for governing city space that defy easy distinctions of ‘public’ or ‘private’. As an urban assemblage, the PATH comprises potential and actual entities and associations, and is an accumulation of encounters. Never a stable or static entity, the PATH and its governance, we argue, is provisional, revealing constantly evolving connections, alignments and political-economic potentialities. We contend the PATH serves as a palimpsest of mutating governing relations; a multiplicity of meanings, visions and encounters etched into the built environment. By focusing on public and private vestiges, wayfinding, and visibility, and private verticalising ventures, we highlight how practices, logics, processes, urban actors and their histories collide to form fragile, provisional urban alignments and visions.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-20T06:00:17Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241235371
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- The role of analytical models and their circulation in urban studies and
policy-
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Authors: Clémentine Cottineau, Michael Batty, Itzhak Benenson, Justin Delloye, Erez Hatna, Denise Pumain, Somwrita Sarkar, Cécile Tannier, Rūta Ubarevičienė
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Cities are so complex that we constantly build models to represent them, understand them and attempt to plan them. Models represent a middle ground between the singular configurations of cities and universal theories. This is what makes them valuable and prone to circulate (between places, institutions and languages) and evolve to adapt to new ideas, local conditions and/or other models. When it comes to analytical urban models (i.e. analytical representations of cities developed to study or simulate part of their structure or dynamics), there is a lack of academic understanding regarding how context and circulation affect their content, use and interpretation. What happens to analytical urban models and their reception during their circulation across geographical and disciplinary boundaries' How have different academic disciplines interacted with, contributed to and been influenced by analytical urban models' What are the consequences of urban models’ mobility for our understanding of cities' In this article, we employ the policy mobilities framework to analyse the circulation of analytical urban models. We use six canonical models as case studies to determine how their assumptions came about and how these models have circulated across different domains of policy and application by using biographical information and model analysis. The first contribution of the article is to demonstrate by example that our hypothesis regarding the influence of context is consistent. We also show that highly transferable/mobile models share common characteristics relating to contingent factors such as their creators’ biographies, institutional context and the traditional markers of power relations.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-16T10:27:01Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241237410
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- Re-learning culture in cities beyond the West
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Authors: Violante Torre
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Urban scholars have long engaged with the role of culture in cities. Tracing this debate, this article outlines the evolutions of culture as an object of study in inquiries on the urban and wishes to trouble two persisting trends in this literature. The first is a geographical and theoretical Eurocentric vision of culture, often framing cities beyond the West as exceptions or needing validation through a comparison with a Western case or theoretical model; the second is an economistic vision of culture under neoliberalism, neglecting the political and ideological dimensions of culture. As a step in overcoming these limitations, this article builds around the notion of ‘re-learning’, to re-insert memory, informality and conflicting heritage into the debate on culture in cities. Drawing on an ethnography of the street ‘Avenida 26’ in Bogotá, Colombia, the article shows that informal cultural practices in the middle of segregation and urban violence can hardly be grasped through the current framing of culture in cities. Yet, they invite an opening up of such a framing to include different ways to cohabit and navigate space through everyday minor engagements. These multifaceted cultural realities urge us to ‘re-learn’ culture in cities anywhere and advance theorisation on culture that takes non-Western urban spaces seriously.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-15T11:45:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241240951
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- Urban motorways as spaces of possibility: Urban interstices and everyday
practices around a motorway in Sardinia-
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Authors: Martina Loi
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In this article, I explore the hypothesis that urban interstices around urban motorways could be intended as spaces of creative, political and performative possibilities not responding to planning and market logic. Urban interstices are context-dependent spaces in a minoritarian position compared to more powerful spaces. Their relationship with planning and investments is ambiguous, because they are by-products of urban processes but temporarily neglected spaces. This leads to a certain degree of freedom in the experimentation of different uses and dynamics. Grounding in Gibson-Graham’s politics of possibility, I provide a re-reading of urban motorways as spaces of possibility where undisciplined spatial forms and dynamics are made visible, conceivable and therefore possible. With an ethnographic approach, I explored the daily practices taking place in the interstices of the urban motorway SS 554, which encircles the city of Cagliari, in Sardinia. I provide an understanding of the daily practices of its inhabitants as a form of non-conflictual everyday politics, intended as a practice of producing urban space always-in-the-making. By observing daily life in urban interstices, I highlight the political possibilities that infrastructure entails and suggest an overcoming of the technocratic and normative gaze usually adopted in work on urban motorways. These urban interstices appear to be spaces of possibility, where the discarded pieces of urban processes are appropriated by inhabitants to produce a different urbanity.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-15T11:09:16Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241240208
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- Automatic for the people' Problematising the potential of digital
planning-
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Authors: Ruth Potts, Alex Lord, John Sturzaker
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article contributes to the small but growing corpus of literature which analyses the increasing use of digital technologies as part of spatial planning activities. Much of that existing literature focuses on the opportunities such technology brings or explores the use of specific technology. Instead, the article seeks to problematise digital planning, explicitly questioning some of the optimistic claims made on its behalf. To do so, it makes use of a new conceptual framework to reflect upon the promises and potential pitfalls of greater use of digital technology within and beyond planning practice. The paper concludes that digital planning is no more immune to questions about exclusion and power than any other form of activity affecting the built environment, and that it is essential to question the rationale behind how decisions are made regarding the adoption of new technologies in urban planning systems.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-15T11:06:58Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241238863
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- ‘Adopt your city’: Post-political geographies and politics of urban
philanthropy during austerity-
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Authors: Matina Kapsali
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Over the last decade, urban philanthropic giving has acquired an increased significance for cities, shaping urban agendas and affecting local decision-making. Contributing to the emerging geographical literature on the impact of philanthropy on urban governance as well as to scholarship on post-foundational geographies, I argue that urban philanthropic giving is related to a post-political regime of multi-stakeholder urban governance. Contrary to being a linear process of managerial consensus politics, the post-politicisation of urban governance emerges as a multidimensional and variegated process of mutations and adaptations. Drawing from Athens, Greece, in the austerity period, I trace the emergence of a new donor-based philanthrocapitalist regime of urban governance and I demonstrate that post-political governance can take diverse forms: from the well-described in existing literature inclusive partnership-based approach to more authoritarian consensus-based governance processes. The aim of the paper is not just to answer if philanthrocapitalism gives rise to a post-political condition or not, but to explore how it is making and remaking (post-political) urban governance of public spaces, urban politics and urban everyday life. In doing so, the paper focuses on Athens Partnership, an intermediate governance organisation that was established to manage and support donations from the private sector to local governments in Athens and explores the ways urban philanthropy impacts on urban governance. Overall, the paper brings forward a renewed, more enmeshed understanding of post-political urban governance through an analysis of the novel philanthrocapitalist regime that emerged in European cities in the context of the recent intersecting crises.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-11T06:04:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241235374
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- Episodic populist backlashes against urban climate actions
-
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Authors: Mahir Yazar
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Populism is multilayered and involves two main dimensions – ideology and strategy – which are employed within and beyond political parties. These dimensions can result in sometimes overlapping but generally divergent backlashes, targeting specific climate and sustainability interventions in cities. This critical commentary presents episodic populist backlashes against urban climate actions by exploring how they create their own political landscapes across the political spectrum in cities against progressive urban climate agendas. Specifically, the article examines how episodic populist backlashes manifest on an urban scale and highlights the need for urban scholars to pay more attention to the phenomenon. The article proposes two complementary explanations for why populism precedes urban climate actions in episodic and thematic ways. These explanations include policy backlashes against diffused global climate norms in cities, and counter-movements and rhetoric against climate justice and what it entails, such as inclusion in decision-making and intersectionality. The article then concludes by offering a research agenda on the episodic populist backlashes against urban climate actions, which highlights the need for a better understanding of how episodic populist movements might emerge into global climate policy diffusion, and climate justice coupled with intersectionality in cities of the Global North and Global South.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-09T11:37:21Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241237139
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- Child-friendly urban practices as emergent place-based neoliberal
subjectivation'-
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Authors: Carmen Perez-del-Pulgar, Isabelle Anguelovski, James JT Connolly
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
As city-level decisionmakers generate urban policies and spatial interventions aimed at enhancing children’s environments and increasing their health, wellbeing and participation in urban life, they also impact the types of citizens that cities produce. Yet, despite the increasing ubiquity of city plans targeting the creation of child-friendly environments, child-centred transformations within the urban built fabric have not been a major analytical theme compared to other economic, spatial and welfare aspects of city restructuring in the context of neoliberal urbanisation. In light of this need for greater empirical and theoretical exploration of child-centred urbanism, we compare and contrast how plans reorganise children’s urban social space across different neoliberalising contexts. Drawing on empirical research conducted in Amsterdam, Vienna and Bristol in 2019, including 46 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders involved in child-friendly planning, we contribute to the understanding of how place-based subjectivation processes operate within these plans. We argue that child-friendly urban plans are instrumental in the process of creating subjects that have internalised the norms of neoliberal urbanisation.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-09T11:35:01Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241235781
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- Unbundling tenure security and demand for property rights: Evidence from
urban Tanzania-
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Authors: Martina Manara, Tanner Regan
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Rapid urbanisation in sub-Saharan Africa occurs with little land registration, and government-led regularisation schemes often find limited uptake of title deeds by residents. In theory, there could be private and public benefits from land titling in cities. However, little is known about how landholders value the various dimensions of formal property rights in comparison to informal tenure. We address these questions by unbundling property rights into multiple functions of tenure security and by adopting an innovative combination of methods, including an incentivised willingness-to-pay exercise, a survey, and in-depth interviews conducted in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Examining how landholders perceive dimensions of tenure advances our understanding of limited land formalisation in urban Africa and provides evidence for alternative policy approaches to address local demand for tenure security more effectively.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-09T11:32:52Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241235157
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- The missing link for effective informal settlement upgrading:
Appropriation shaping the outcome of new infrastructure-
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Authors: George Kiambuthi Wainaina, Bernhard Truffer
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Infrastructure investments, a core element of slum upgrading, play a role in improving the livelihoods of over 1 billion slum residents globally. Established planning practices often successfully deliver functional infrastructure but evidence shows that their contribution to improved livelihoods often either is absent or declines sharply after some time. To explain this limited effectiveness, this article identifies the missing link between infrastructure delivery and livelihood improvements as lying in the appropriation process, that is, the uptake and embedding of infrastructures into the daily practices of residents. Recent insights from sociotechnical transitions studies help to conceptualise appropriation. The authors use Munyaka informal settlement in Eldoret town, Kenya as a case to investigate the mechanisms of new infrastructure uptake. Findings indicate that appropriation is a social process that proceeds in three steps: reception, domestication and institutionalisation. This process is driven by the need to maintain or adjust residents’ livelihood practices relative to prevailing socioeconomic and spatiotemporal conditions. The study concludes that appropriation is a significant process that planners should try to anticipate. Prevalent approaches to participation have to be modified accordingly. This is essential for planning to improve livelihoods in slums.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-08T12:23:43Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241236077
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- Heterogeneous neighbourhood effects on the educational attainments of
native Norwegian and immigrant-descendant female and male young adults-
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Authors: Anna Maria Santiago, George C Galster, Lena Magnusson Turner
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Using longitudinal register data from Oslo, Norway, this article examines how cumulative childhood exposure to family and neighbourhood contexts influences the educational attainments of young adults, paying special attention to how these determinants vary by gender and immigrant status. Specifically, we examine how neighbourhood socioeconomic and immigrant context experienced during childhood affects the completion of secondary school and university enrolment during young adulthood. We assess the extent of effect heterogeneity for three immigrant status groups stratified by gender. We control for geographical selection using a recently developed technique that first models parental selection of neighbourhood attributes and then uses the resulting predicted probabilities of selection as instruments in the neighbourhood-effects-on-education model. We find that neighbourhood affluence, educational levels and non-Western immigrant composition have important impacts on young adult educational outcomes, though results differ sharply by gender and immigrant status.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-04-08T12:21:23Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241232800
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- Community weaving across Latin American peripheries: A listening
infrastructure in Oaxaca-
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Authors: Antonio Moya-Latorre
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In July 2021, residents of Vicente Guerrero, a settlement built around the largest landfill in Oaxaca, commemorated the waste-pickers’ 40th anniversary with an urban art festival. This event was organised by Santa Cecilia Music School, a community-led cultural infrastructure that has shaped the social and material landscape of Vicente Guerrero since 2011. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted around this festival and throughout 2023, I propose studying cultural initiatives like Santa Cecilia as listening infrastructures to discern their ability to ‘centre’ peripheral communities through the opportunities they create for self-, collective and social listening, which, respectively, promote self-growth, spark community projects and display peripheries as creative places. I argue that the combined effect of these forms of listening – what Vicente Guerrero residents call community weaving– helps overcome material and social stigma conditioning life on the periphery. By examining these listening mechanisms, this analysis aims to enrich debates about the fundamental role of cultural infrastructure in the making of (Latin American) cities and their peripheries.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-20T11:56:04Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241236124
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- Negotiating the night: How nightclub promoters attune their curatorial
practices to the intra-urban dispersal of nightlife in Amsterdam-
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Authors: Timo Koren, Brian J Hracs
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Night-time economies have traditionally clustered in city centres and nightlife districts. Yet, due to regulation, urban regeneration and gentrification, nightlife activities and spaces, including nightclubs and club nights, are increasingly located across cities. However, the significance and spatial dynamics of this diffusion and the relationships between different nocturnal spaces and scales remain poorly understood. This paper examines the intra-urban dispersal of nightclubs in Amsterdam and the ways in which nightclub promoters attune their curatorial practices to urban processes through genre-based commercial and cultural imperatives. Drawing on interviews with 36 nightclub promoters, 111 hours of participant observation at clubs and document-based analysis, it demonstrates how these reflexive actors respond and contribute to intra-urban dispersal by (1) spatialising music genres, (2) staging affective atmospheres at different scales and (3) spatialising audiences. The paper contributes to studies which focus on nocturnal spaces, actors and activities and the evolving urban geography within cities.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-19T11:41:25Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241236384
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- Conceptualising aesthetic power in the digitally-mediated city
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Authors: Monica Degen, Gillian Rose
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Aesthetics, generally understood as an intensified emphasis on the sensorial look and feel of urban environments, has become an important perspective through which urban scholarship is examining the economic, social, political and cultural processes of urban regeneration projects across the globe. Much of this aestheticising work is now mediated by many kinds of digital technologies. The entanglement of digital technologies with the sensorial feel of urban redevelopments manifests in many different ways in different urban locations; it is deeply reshaping the embodied experiencing of urban life; and it enacts specific power relations. It is the focus of this paper. Drawing on the work of Lefebvre and Jansson, this article develops the notion of ‘textured’ space in order to offer an analytic vocabulary that can describe distinctive configurations of urban experience at the intersection of specific urban environments, bodily sensations, and digital devices. Analysing embodied sensory politics is important because various aspects of bodily sensoria are central to human experiences of, and relations between, both self and other. Hence bodies are enrolled differentially into different expressions of these new urban aesthetics: while some are seduced, others are made invisible or repelled, or are ambivalently entangled in digitally mediated aesthetic atmospheres. The article offers some examples of the power relations inherent in the textured aesthetics of three of the most significant, and interrelated, processes of contemporary, digitally mediated urban change: efforts to be seen as a ‘world-class city’ and to facilitate gentrification and tourism.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-19T11:39:01Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241232501
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- Reimagining the municipal economy: The emancipatory politics of the
people’s budget movement-
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Authors: Emily Barrett, Sara Safransky
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Budgets are often thought of as boring, invoking the tedium of bookkeeping. The summer of 2020 suggested otherwise. As America’s plague of police brutality combined with the death-dealing blows of the COVID-19 pandemic and a wave of urban uprising gripped US cities, activists turned their organising attention to municipal budgeting. From Seattle to Atlanta, demands rang out for cities to #defund the police, rethink public safety and adopt budgets for the people. Since then, the people’s budget movement has grown in strength at the municipal level, including in Los Angeles, Chicago, Louisville, Jacksonville, Minneapolis and Nashville, among other cities. What should urban studies scholars make of these struggles and from the aspirations and visions that impel them' This paper uses a case study of the Nashville People’s Budget Coalition (NPBC) to examine how municipal budgeting processes and public financing have become new sites of theorisation, debate and political intervention. We demonstrate how the people’s budget movement offers a new calculus for municipal budgeting that radically reconceptualises the logics of value and care that underpin economic thought and public accounting practices. We conclude by considering avenues through which a scholarly agenda for economic democracy in solidarity with movement organisers could be expanded.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-19T11:37:05Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241231439
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- Urban poverty and the role of UK food aid organisations in enabling
segregating and transitioning spaces of food access-
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Authors: Morven G. McEachern, Caroline Moraes, Lisa Scullion, Andrea Gibbons
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This research examines the role of food aid providers, including their spatial engagement, in seeking to alleviate urban food poverty. Current levels of urban poverty across the UK have resulted in an unprecedented demand for food aid. Yet, urban poverty responsibility increasingly shifts away from policymakers to the third sector. Building on Castilhos and Dolbec’s notion of segregating space and original qualitative research with food aid organisations, we show how social supermarkets emerge as offering a type of transitional space between the segregating spaces of foodbanks and the market spaces of mainstream food retailers. This research contributes to existing literature by establishing the concept of transitional space, an additional type of space that facilitates movement between types of spaces and particularly transitions from the segregating spaces of emergency food aid to more secure spaces of food access. In so doing, this research extends Castilhos and Dolbec’s typology of spaces, enabling a more nuanced depiction of the spatiality of urban food poverty.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-19T08:49:50Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241234803
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- The limits to the urban within multi-scalar energy transitions: Agency,
infrastructure and ownership in the UK and Germany-
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Authors: Helen Traill, Andrew Cumbers
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article critically interrogates the over-emphasis upon urban solutions when considering complex and multi-scalar energy infrastructures that must transition to low-carbon intensity for a sustainable future. While urban actors can play an important role in energy transition, their interventions are riven with difficulties, and at times failure, as they encounter challenges of politics, capacity and agency in a broader and multi-scalar governance landscape. Drawing upon the comparative and variegated political economies of energy infrastructure governance in Germany and the UK, this article makes three critical arguments. Firstly, it contends that patterns of ownership of key infrastructures, particularly in the highly privatised context of the UK but also in Germany’s more diversified energy market, trouble urban-level interventions. Secondly, against a backdrop of post-financial crash austerity, we raise the issue of capacity at an urban level, principally concerning the financing and technical administration of urban infrastructural ‘solutions’. Thirdly, the entrenched politics of neoliberalisation, its multi-scalar articulations and in particular discourses of marketisation and competition, while distinct across the two contexts, shape the possibilities, imaginaries and support available for local-level change in complex infrastructures. The article points to differential urban capacities and governance conditions that require a greater degree of nuance in sustainability narratives, and a critical conversation around the need for multi-scalar coordination in energy transitions, in order to avert catastrophic climate breakdown.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-18T10:53:44Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241228467
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- Legitimising displacement: Academic discourse, territorial stigmatisation
and gentrification-
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Authors: Richard Kirk
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article explores the territorial stigmatisation–gentrification nexus and how it is advanced by an intellectual pipeline between academics and policymakers in the USA. Despite much research revealing the pathologising narratives latent within displacement-inducing urban policies, little work has explicitly sought to underscore the influence of academic discourses in promoting these policies. Centring a triad of discourses surrounding concentrated disadvantage, social mix and neighbourhood effects – emergent namely from the academic fields of urban sociology, criminology, urban planning and urban economics – I provide an evidential linkage between academic discourse and displacement-causing US policymaking by conducting a document analysis of official reports related to two major US government programmes: the Moving to Opportunity for Fair Housing (MTO) Demonstration programme and the Housing Opportunities for People Everywhere (HOPE) VI programme. I suggest that these academic discourses operate to legitimise displacement via neighbourhood-centric framings which advance territorial stigmatisation and related gentrification. These discourses, I argue, reinforce the real estate state and the destructive capitalist force of uneven geographical development while working to facilitate the disregard of propositions that would effect structural change. I conclude with an explanation for the present configuration of the academy-to-policy pipeline and why it has failed to onboard critical, macro-structurally orientated scholarship, and issue a call for a direction forward.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-18T10:50:44Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241235015
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- Old cities, ‘new’ agendas: Swedish cities across time
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Authors: TL Thurston, Claes B Pettersson
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In its 2017 New Urban Agenda, the United Nations lists almost 200 declarations and implementation plans for creating sustainable and equitable cities, towns and settlements, yet the word ‘history’ is mentioned only once – to describe our own times as a critical juncture – a somewhat detached approach to problems with great time depth. Historical archaeology provides a unique toolbox for understanding urban through-lines, scientifically and theoretically. Case studies of Swedish cities, some many centuries old, describe the processes through which they were founded, transformed through time, and emerged differently in new contexts. Today, some have emerged as places not unlike the aspirational declarations of the New Urban Agenda. Yet most of these cities have few roots in equity and sustainability. Many systematically promoted less equality, even abject misery, focusing on the relatively short-term harvest of regional and local resources and labour, or for border security, population domination, and state and elite control. Many were ‘reinvented’ over the centuries – adjusting to new iterations of the same founding principles. Using select historical and modern case studies, we trace how relationships between various classes of hinterland and urban dwellers, influencers, and government officials struggled through time over the meaning and quality of urban life.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-18T04:40:54Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231220211
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- Accommodating ‘generation rent’: Unsettling dominant discourses on
rental housing reform in Catalonia and Spain-
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Authors: Lorenzo Vidal, Javier Gil, Miguel A Martínez
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In contemporary urban areas, a growing ‘generation rent’ is finding shelter in expensive and precarious private rental housing. Tenant organisations and legislative initiatives have been pushing to improve housing conditions for renters, yet have been met with strong resistance. Intense policy and academic debates have ensued. This paper delves into the discourses used by dominant actors involved in legislative changes affecting the private rental sector in Catalonia and Spain. Through a critical discourse analysis of the positions of governments, opposition parties and landlord organisations, we identify three main arguments employed to limit or contest ‘post-neoliberal’ measures favouring tenants: ‘the vulnerable landlord’, ‘the counterproductive effects’ and ‘the violation of property rights’. Each of these arguments is placed under theoretical and empirical scrutiny, revealing important weaknesses. By unsettling dominant discourses, we contribute to advancing the terms of the debates and sketch out the coordinates for a counter-discourse informed by critical theory and the interests of renters rather than rentiers.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-04T12:35:54Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241228438
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- Is hiding my first name enough' Using behavioural interventions to
mitigate racial and gender discrimination in the rental housing market-
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Authors: Helen XH Bao
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This study investigates whether behavioural interventions can reduce racial and gender discrimination in the rental housing market. In our correspondence tests, we incorporated two specific behavioural interventions: providing employment details to assist letting agents in overcoming statistical discrimination and incorporating anti-discrimination messages to encourage adherence to the ‘Equality, Diversity and Inclusion’ social norm. Although these strategies notably influenced the likelihood of prospective renters receiving responses to their housing inquiries, the outcomes were not consistent across genders or ethnic groups and were not always positive. Racial and gender discrimination in housing markets is a complex issue. There are no ‘one-size-fits-all’ solutions when using behavioural tools to address complex social problems such as racial and gender discrimination. Behavioural interventions demand rigorous field testing prior to widespread adoption.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-04T11:31:58Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241231712
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- ‘Everything-old-is-new-again’: Private urban security governance
responses to new harmscapes-
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Authors: Julie Berg, Clifford Shearing
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article reflects on the proliferation of novel forms of private urban security governance assemblages, specifically the roles of private auspices and providers in responding to contemporary climate-related socio-material harmscapes. The authors use the lens of climatic harms and associated discursive shifts in understandings of the relationship between humans and ‘nature’ to draw attention to gating adaptations, assemblages of powers and capacities being mobilised in response to emerging harmscapes, the logics and technologies underpinning these developments, the roles of established security agents and novel security professionals and the use of resilience as a conceptual framing. These security governance ventures are conceived of as mutating private urban security governance vestiges from PUSG 1.0 to PUSG 2.0 and in this regard, ‘climate gating’ is used as an emblematic example in exploring PUSG 2.0.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-04T11:28:58Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241231240
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- Commuting to the urban tech campus: Tech companies’ and their elite
workers’ co-production of South Lake Union, Seattle-
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Authors: Estelle Broyer
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article demonstrates how tech professionals commuting to neighbourhoods redeveloped for their work are contributing to their transformation into urban tech campuses: gentrified districts where landscapes, understandings of place and temporalities are shaped by their praise of innovation, emotional detachment from place, and daily ebb and flow. While also resulting in displacement, othering, and the rewriting of histories and geographies, commuters’ contribution to tech-led gentrification contrasts with the emotional investment into place and the sense of permanence gentrifiers use in established residential neighbourhoods they perceive as authentic and progressively remake in their image. While concomitant, it also differs from residential new-build gentrification, as it reinforces not only middle-class norms but also the economic discourse of the high-tech industry, which co-produces these places as elite worker oases. Using South Lake Union, Seattle, WA as a case study, this article aims to contribute to a social understanding of tech-led gentrification: while recent research has focused on residential gentrifiers and on the macro political and economic forces that transform declining urban areas into so-called innovation districts, this qualitative study explores gentrification through the narratives and uses of public space of an urban tech campus’s dominant population – an elite, predominantly young, white, male commuter workforce several times larger than the local residential population.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-04T11:26:18Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241230883
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- The politics of drains: Everyday negotiations of infrastructure
imaginaries in Accra-
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Authors: Afra Foli, Justus Uitermark
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In this article we unpack the infrastructural imaginary of urban residents in a neighbourhood in the northern periphery of Accra in Ghana, focussing on drainage. Based on interviews and observations, we describe how residents characterise their neighbourhood’s development as a linear progression in stages, each marked by the completion of different infrastructures. Our analysis brings out the visceral and affective underpinnings of infrastructure imaginaries, showing how residents sense their environment and attempt to change it. On the one hand, the aspiration towards linear neighbourhood development results in the stigmatisation of residents – referred to as ‘squatters’ even if they rent – some of whose practices are deemed unhygienic and who are therefore considered out of place. On the other hand, everyday interactions and mutual interdependence provide the foundation for collaboration and compromises across social divides. Studying how aspirations translate into neighbourhood development, we argue, requires that we engage with infrastructure as both political and pragmatic.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-03-04T11:24:17Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241230432
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- Growth and decline of a sustainable city: A multitemporal perspective on
blue-black-green infrastructures at the pre-Columbian Lowland Maya city of
Tikal-
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Authors: Christian Isendahl, Nicholas P Dunning, Liwy Grazioso, Scott Hawken, David L Lentz, Vernon L Scarborough
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The New Urban Agenda’s call for long-term visions in urban planning fails to recognise that ‘long-term’ implies different longevities depending on context of assessment. Compared to other social sciences, archaeological approaches add rigour to envisioning urban sustainability over several centuries and millennia. The archaeology of the pre-Columbian Lowland Maya urban tradition is an interesting case because data have been used to support conflicting arguments about Maya urban sustainability. We suggest that these contradictions can be partly explained by: (1) sustainability being ambiguously defined, (2) subsets of the urban system being expected to indicate the behaviour of other subsets or of the entire system, and (3) processes being evaluated using different timescales. Drawing on 1500 years of urban history at Tikal, this paper examines how archaeological perspectives add depth of reflection and unfold critical assumptions of the meaning of ‘long-term’ and ‘sustainability’ concealed in self-explanatory notions. We outline the development and longevity of urban settlement at Tikal and analyse the blue-black-green (water, soil, vegetation) infrastructures that sustained urban metabolism and sponsored basic urban functions. Our analyses contribute new insights on the challenges associated with future sustainability transitions over varying temporal scales. The diversity of past and present urban systems and infrastructural initiatives cannot be fitted within a single narrative of urban sustainability, however, and much research is required to examine how blue-black-green infrastructures can support transformative change of aggregated human population zones struggling with potable water scarcity, soil degradation, and habitat and biodiversity loss.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-02-29T10:44:16Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231224648
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- Those who leave: Out-migration and decentralisation of welfare
beneficiaries in gentrified Paris-
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Authors: Luc Guibard, Renaud Le Goix
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In major metropolitan areas, gentrification, financialisation and welfare retrenchment contribute to a severe housing crisis. Over the past 20 years, home price inflation and affordable housing shrinkage have been particularly acute in Paris. Such issues have been linked to the displacement of lower-income Parisians and the suburbanisation of poverty on a regional scale. In this article, we match disaggregated data from the Family Benefits Fund (CAF) with information on local housing markets, to empirically document these expulsionary processes. Our methodology is twofold. First, we investigate out-migration factors using logistic regressions. Second, we compare households’ changes in access to the city centre and urban resources following a move. Data show that social vulnerability is associated with a greater risk of leaving Paris and that housing welfare is playing a crucial role in mitigating this risk. Also, the higher the pressure on local housing markets, the more social inequalities determine mobility behaviour. Finally, beyond the effects of family structure, patterns of decentralisation are related to income level: less affluent households go farther from the city centre, job opportunities and services than higher-income households.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-02-19T10:29:14Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231224640
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- Neighbourhood structure and environmental quality: A fine-grained analysis
of spatial inequalities in urban Germany-
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Authors: Christian König
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Urban environments are characterised by sparsity of space, elevated levels of air pollution and limited exposure to natural environments. Yet, residential environmental quality varies substantially both between and within cities. This study combines information on the socio-economic and demographic composition of 243,607 urban neighbourhoods with administrative and remote sensing data on the spatial distribution of industrial plants and urban green space to investigate patterns of environmental inequality in urban Germany at unprecedented levels of spatial granularity. It disentangles neighbourhood disadvantages experienced by foreign minorities (non-nationals) from those experienced by low-income households in order to assess the plausibility of economic explanations of residential sorting. The high level of spatial granularity makes it possible to examine patterns of environmental inequality not only between the relatively large areas that have been used as units of analysis in previous work but also within them, while reducing the threat of ecological bias. Results indicate that non-nationals are more likely to be exposed to industrial air pollution and less likely to live close to green spaces. This association holds even after adjusting for neighbourhood income composition and in fixed-effects specifications that restrict the analysis to within-city variation. I find no evidence for environmental inequality by socio-economic status. Exploratory sub-sample analyses show that neighbourhood disadvantages for non-nationals are higher in cities characterised by high levels of anti-foreigner sentiment, pointing towards housing market discrimination as a potentially important driver of foreign residents’ neighbourhood disadvantage.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-02-19T10:27:54Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231224224
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- Smart cities at the intersection of public governance paradigms for
sustainability-
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Authors: Giuseppe Grossi, Olga Welinder
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
As a research domain, the smart city keeps growing, despite the remaining contradictions and ambiguity related to its conceptual aspects. We propose to dig deeper into the complex socio-technical nature of the smart city and examine the concept through the lens of different public governance paradigms, therefore aligning it with the sustainability outcomes. Embracing interrelated dimensions of humans, technologies and organisations, the smart city can be viewed through the intersection of public governance paradigms (digital governance, collaborative governance and networks). The case of the smart city initiative of Tampere in Finland serves as an empirical illustration of how the proposed conceptual model might be applied in practice. Providing a novel approach to the smart city from a public management perspective, this model would allow policymakers to acquire a more comprehensive understanding of smart city governance and its multi-dimensional outcomes, in terms of social, environmental and economic sustainability. This approach enables the unlocking of the potential to generate multiple values for each group of actors and ensure more effective integration of smart initiatives, policies and projects, based on the public governance paradigms.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-02-15T05:46:36Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241227807
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- ‘Security’ and private governance in São Paulo’s corporate
centrality frontier-
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Authors: Gabriella DD De Biaggi
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In the last half-century, the ‘centre–periphery’ model has become insufficient to describe the increasingly fragmented and multicentric Latin American metropolises. Frontiers between central and peripheral areas are shifting, in part, due to the emergence of new corporate centralities, usually located outside historical city centres and heavily equipped with private ‘security’ agents and devices. By examining the evolving governing practices taking place in and around the dynamic frontier of a business centrality in São Paulo, Brazil, this article discusses the connections between the transformation in centre–periphery relations and the reworking of prior forms of socio-spatial control since the ‘security’ turn of the 1990s. More specifically, it explores the effects of the production of securitised corporate centralities on the racialised differential governance of urban space. For this purpose, the article draws from empirical work involving fieldwork, interviews with public and private ‘security’ agents, the observation of meetings of the local Public Security Community Council (CONSEG), and the analysis of police statistics. In sum, the argument presented here is that the evolution of segregation mechanisms and governing practices in Latin-American metropolises reproduces centre–periphery relations under new spatial configurations, and increases the capacity of private agents to subject urban space to their own rules and regulations.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-02-15T05:31:58Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980241227148
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- Place-oriented digital agency: Residents’ use of digital means to
enhance neighbourhood change-
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Authors: Hadas Zur
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
The smart city literature mostly focusses on digital initiatives from above. However, digitalisation also reshapes the city from below. Residents use digital means and platforms to empower their agency in the city. This paper aims to explore how residents utilise digital tools to activate their agency and influence local politics. The paper focusses on one neighbourhood in the city of Tel Aviv where different groups of residents struggle to promote their desired political-spatial vision. The main question is whether digitalisation produces new forms of agency on the neighbourhood scale. The paper argues that: (1) digitalisation provides residents with new forms of connective action, creating digital networks at different scales, using representational practices and forming new spaces for political negotiation; (2) through these practices, they manage to influence the symbolic and political status of the neighbourhood and reframe the struggle over its character and future; (3) groups with higher digital agency gain wider visibility of their claims and needs with politicians, the media and public officials. Importantly, this does not only serve middle-class groups. (4) Ultimately, residents become predominant political actors through digital agency. Methodologically, this paper includes two methods: (i) interviews with residents and municipal workers and (ii) social media analysis and online ethnography. The conclusion elaborates the concept of place-oriented digital agency as a particular type of agency aimed at determining change in a specific locale.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-02-15T05:19:36Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231224629
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- Doing sonic urban ethnography: Voices from Shanghai, Berlin and London
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Authors: Ana Aceska, Karolina Doughty, Muhammet Esat Tiryaki, Katherine Robinson, Eva Tisnikar, Fang Xu
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Matters of sound and listening are increasingly being attended to across the social sciences and humanities, reflecting what has been termed a ‘sonic turn’ since the early 2000s. In urban ethnographic research, scholars are starting to pay attention to the role of sound in social relations, in expressions of identity and senses of belonging, as well as in processes of othering. In this paper, we explore the theoretical and methodological opportunities of sonic urban ethnography, that is, an urban ethnography that foregrounds sound and listening in theoretical and methodological ways. We argue that the promise of sonic urban ethnography lies in its ability to interrupt the predominant focus on text and the visual by developing expanded practices of listening for alternative ways of knowing and engaging with the urban. We share four empirical vignettes from Shanghai, Berlin and London that illustrate, in their different ways, the power exercised through sound in the urban environment. Our discussion of the empirical cases highlights three key ‘lessons’ for doing sonic urban ethnography.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-02-14T11:27:29Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231223866
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- Hukou type, hukou place and labour market vulnerability in Chinese
megacities: The case of Beijing in the COVID-19 pandemic-
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Authors: Qiujie Shi, Tao Liu, Rongxi Peng
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article presents an investigation into the different roles of hukou type and place in shaping labour market vulnerability within Chinese megacities, using the COVID-19 pandemic-induced income loss in Beijing as a case study. We find that while the hukou system played a role in shaping this loss, its impact was achieved mainly through hukou place, with hukou type having no significant effect. Compared to locals, non-local hukou holders in Beijing were more likely to lose income; and their magnitude of income loss was larger. Locals and non-locals were also subject to different rules when deciding which individuals in the group would have a pay cut, with personal attributes playing a significant role in this decision for non-locals but not for locals. In addition, working in self-employed businesses was a disadvantage for the non-local group only; and the threshold by which family income helped reduce the risk of income loss was lower for non-locals than for locals. This study highlights the importance of extending the discussion on the hukou system’s impact to the question of labour market vulnerability, particularly considering the ongoing and potentially prolonged weakness in China’s labour market. It sheds light on the need to differentiate between hukou place and type in future studies concerning China’s hukou system.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-01-28T07:23:09Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231223088
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- Inventraset assemblages: The spatial logic of informal street vending,
transport and settlement-
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Authors: Kim Dovey, Redento B Recio
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Urban informality remains a central challenge for those engaged in understanding and transforming global South cities. There have been calls to develop new conceptual language geared to this challenge and much debate around the degree to which it might be subsumed within global urban theory. We argue that theories of informal urbanism need to be grounded in an understanding of how it works to sustain livelihoods, moving beyond studies of informal settlement, street vending and transport to understand the synergies, interrelations and interdependencies between them. Informal vending and transport provide employment and produce cheap goods and mobility; informal settlement produces affordable housing in key locations with access and mobility. ‘Inventraset’ is a portmanteau concept that links informal vending, transport and settlement into a dynamic urban assemblage that is inventive, transgressive and settled. This model is demonstrated through an empirical study of the spatial logic of the inventraset triangle within the megacities of Manila and Jakarta. Here the informal is normal, whether displayed in the intensities of transit nodes and street markets or camouflaged within zones of exclusion. This is not an ‘informal city’ but one where informal street vending, transport and settlement are geared to formal spatial and governance structures in different ways in different neighbourhoods − an assemblage of informal/formal and of vending/transport/settlement without which the urban economy would collapse. This is a call not simply to rename the informal but to understand it as a mode of production that is more than the inverse of the formal.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-01-28T07:20:29Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231223060
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- Proximity as urban democratic legitimacy: Strategies of participation in
Buenos Aires-
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Authors: Sam Halvorsen, Rocio Annunziata
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Since 2007, Buenos Aires has been governed by a centre-right coalition that has made participation an integral part of its approach to governance. Under mayor Horacio Rodríguez Larreta (2015–2023), the idea and practice of proximity became central, notably through weekly meetings with neighbours across the city. This article demonstrates that proximity was a strategy for building urban democratic legitimacy. In so doing, it introduces the work of Pierre Rosanvallon to an urban studies readership. Contemporary literature on urban participation is at risk of establishing ontologically fixed positions, as seen in recent debates on the ‘post-political city’. Rosanvallon’s legitimacy of proximity is an analytical device that provides an open and non-essential reading of participation. Based on extensive qualitative research, the article examines how and why Larreta and his city government deployed the strategy of proximity, while also highlighting its limits.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-01-28T07:17:29Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231222170
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- What is local government financialisation' Four empirical channels to
clarify the roles of local government-
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Authors: Hannah Hasenberger
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Recent literature at the nexus of geography and political economy notes that local governments are becoming financialised. But it is not always clear what this means. Specifically, what is being financialised' And what is the role of local governments in this process' Building on Whiteside’s definition of local state-led financialisation as enabled and internal, this article combines a systematic literature review with the comparative analysis of country-level statistics to clarify this process further. It identifies four channels through which local government financialisation unfolds empirically. First, local governments enable the financialisation of public assets and services through privatisation and outsourcing and by applying financial principles to land use planning. Second, they borrow against their own assets. Third, local governments use bonds and derivatives to manage the risks and costs of their borrowing. Fourth, they invest to generate financial income. Focusing on high-income countries in Western Europe, the article extends the geographical remit of the US- and UK-centric literature. Building on its findings, the article highlights two avenues for further research. First, internationally comparative research can explore how the structural context in which local governments operate shapes their financialisation. Second, critical research into the tension between the objectives and risks of local government financialisation adds nuance to current debates.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-01-28T07:15:29Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231222133
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- Local policy-making within the multilevel system: A study of governance in
peripheral(ised) medium-sized cities undergoing socio-economic
transformation in Saxony, Germany and Lower Silesia, Poland-
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Authors: Rafał Gajewski, Robert Knippschild
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
Our motivation for undertaking this research was to verify the scope and results of public policies aimed at supporting peripheralised medium-sized cities, and to check how these policies have been perceived by stakeholders within these cities. We selected the Polish-German borderland as a case region for this, primarily due to a particular concentration of cities experiencing the detrimental effects of socio-economic transformation. These are also cities exposed to the consequences of radicalising political discourse. We chose two pairs of cities comparable to centres behind the border: Bautzen and Görlitz (located in East Saxony), as well as Zgorzelec and Jelenia Góra (the western part of Lower Silesia). We assumed peripheralisation, left-behind places and multilevel governance to be the theoretical frameworks to capture the dynamics of processes taking place within such peripheral(ised) medium-sized cities. Our main research objective was to investigate the way the public authorities have been navigating their respective paths within the multi-level urban development / regional policy systems. The main conclusion of the research is the low institutional capacity among the public authorities in the given cities to allow them to be able to reverse negative trends.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-01-28T07:13:09Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231221085
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- Back to the suburbs' Millennial residential locations from the Great
Recession to the pandemic-
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Authors: Hyojung Lee, Whitney Airgood-Obrycki, Riordan Frost
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In the past decade, there has been a great deal of attention paid to and speculation about the residential mobility and location decisions of millennials. Academics and practitioners alike have been trying to determine where millennials are moving and why, including whether they are leading a ‘back to the city’ movement or whether they are moving to the suburbs as previous generations did at their age. Using US Census data, this article examines the geographical population distribution of young adults in the USA in recent decades. Categorising neighbourhoods by their urban or suburban character and by their central or peripheral location, we find that millennials lived in urban areas on the heels of the Great Recession at higher rates than previous generations. However, over the decade, the millennial population gradually shifted towards suburban areas: central urban and peripheral urban neighbourhoods largely lost millennial residents from 2011 to 2021, while peripheral suburban neighbourhoods experienced substantial gains. When it comes to neighbourhood amenities (e.g. restaurants and parks), millennials largely left amenity-rich areas for neighbourhoods with fewer amenities, though these amenities grew faster in the neighbourhoods that gained millennials the most. Millennial suburbanisation seems to be associated with housing affordability and demand for larger homes, as the population shift was more pronounced in the metros that have lower housing affordability and a lower share of larger homes in their central urban neighbourhoods. The results indicate the importance of affordable and right-sized housing, complemented with neighbourhood amenities, in attracting and retaining this population group.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-01-28T07:07:51Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231221048
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- Constitutive outsides or hidden abodes' Totality and ideology in
critical urban theory-
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Authors: William Conroy
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
In the context of hotly contested debates within critical urban theory, many scholars have recently attempted (both implicitly and explicitly) to move beyond the relational-dialectical concept of ‘totality’, taking up the notion of ‘the constitutive outside’ in its place. With this in view, this article seeks to (1) develop a critique of the ways in which the concept of the constitutive outside is deployed in these debates; and (2) to sketch another path forward – one that understands capitalist urbanisation as a distinctive moment in the evolution of a world-encompassing and internally related socio-spatial totality, while also attending to well-founded concerns among theorists of the constitutive outside regarding the question of difference and ascriptive hierarchisation. More precisely, this article will pursue a close reading of work on the constitutive outside in critical urban theory, suggesting that it effectively re-articulates longstanding and entrenched tenets of capitalist ideology, positing the image of a ‘space-time of the other’. And it will conclude with a revised conceptualisation of totality for critical urban theory, building on Nancy Fraser’s recent work on capitalism’s racialised, gendered, and ecological ‘hidden abodes’.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-01-22T12:07:47Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231217633
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- Urban heat islands and the transformation of Singapore
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Authors: Yoonhee Jung
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
An urban heat island is defined as an urban area that experiences warmer temperatures than its surroundings. This study examines how Singapore’s planning efforts established after the mid-20th century have affected the thermal environment of the city in association with land transformation, using historical temperature data available from the Meteorological Service of Singapore and some historical studies. Singapore’s planners have carefully regulated the growth of its downtown while promoting expansion in other parts of the city-state. These effects of planning have also unconsciously shaped the location and outline of Singapore’s urban heat island. As a result, new urban heat peaks were found around the centres of newly constructed large-scale new towns compared to industrial areas. This study provides lessons for land planning in mitigating a city’s urban heat island effects.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-01-22T10:32:29Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231217391
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- Diverging mobility situations in Greater Mexico City: Exploring the
factors behind the mobility situations of public transport commuters-
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Authors: David López-García
Abstract: Urban Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article investigates the factors behind the likelihood of experiencing a specific type of mobility situation. The case of commuting by public transport in Greater Mexico City is analysed. A one-way ANOVA with post-hoc procedures and three multinomial logistic regression models are used to assess the extent to which transport-, land use- or socio-economic-related variables influence the likelihood of experiencing a specific mobility situation. The results show that the mobility situations of workers are primarily influenced by the socio-economic characteristics of commuters, followed by land-use patterns and the availability of transport systems, respectively. This means that in addition to transport-related policies, reducing commuting disparities in urban regions will require policies able to reduce socio-economic inequalities and influence the urban structure.
Citation: Urban Studies
PubDate: 2024-01-04T01:34:18Z
DOI: 10.1177/00420980231214728
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