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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.261  Citation Impact (citeScore): 1 Number of Followers: 4  Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)ISSN (Print) 1005-9040 - ISSN (Online) 2210-3171 Published by Springer-Verlag  [2468 journals]
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- Tuning Photodetection Band of MAPbX3(X=Cl/Br/I) Perovskite Single Crystals
by Sub-nano Carbon Dot Doping-
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Abstract: Perovskite single crystals are prominent semiconductor materials due to their high carrier mobility, long carrier diffusion length, and large absorption coefficient. They can be used as optoelectronic functional materials for narrowband or broadband photodetectors. In this report, the photodetection band tunability was achieved by doping MAPbX3(MA=methylammonium, X=Cl/Br/I) perovskite single crystals with sub-nano carbon dots (MAPbX3-C). The sub-nano size and good dispersibility of the carbon dots ensured controllable doping. The absorption of the sub-nano carbon dots and trap states in the MAPbX3-C single crystals resulted in the special responsivity spectrum features.
PubDate: 2023-06-08
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- Synthesis, Spectral Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of New Pd(II)
Complexes Involving 5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazole-
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Abstract: In this study, firstly, 3-bromopropanenitrile(2a), ethyl bromoacetate(2b), and 2-bromoethan-1-amine(2c) were added to 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole(1) and symmetrically-connected N-heterocyclic carbenes(NHC)[(3a–3c)] were synthesized. Then, the NHC precursor compounds were reacted with PdCl2 and Pd(II)-NHC complexes[(4a—4c)] were obtained. The synthesized NHC precursors(3a–3c) and Pd(II)-NHC complexes(4a—4c) were characterized by different spectroscopic methods. The antibacterial activities of these products were measured against bacteria and fungus with the disc diffusion method. Pd(II)-NHC complexes had higher antibacterial activity than the NHC precursors. The synthesized compounds showed antimicrobial activity with different properties from each other. In vitro biological activities of salts and metal complexes on selected bacteria were determined by the broth dilution method based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. 1,3-Bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) imidazolinium bromide and 3-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1-(3-aminopropyl)-1H-imidazole-3-ium bromide had activity against Escherichia coli.
PubDate: 2023-06-08
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- A Fluorescent In(III) Metal-Organic Framework for Explosives Detection
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Abstract: A novel metal-organic framework {[In3(TATAT)2]·3CH3NH3·7NMF·8H2O}[JLU-MOF101, H6TATAT=5,5′,5″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) tris-(azanediyl)triisophthalate, NMF=N-methylformamide] with cor topology has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions. The framework of JLU-MOF101 is constructed by {In(COO)4}− nodes and a hexacarboxylic organic ligand. JLU-MOF101 exhibits excellent fluorescence properties in N, N-dimethylformamide(DMF) solution, and its emission spectrum can be greatly overlapped with the ultraviolet absorption spectra of trinitrophenol(TNP) and 2,4-dinitrophenol(2,4-DNP). As a result, JLU-MOF101 exhibits excellent performance of fluorescence quenching for TNP and 2,4-DNP. In addition, we demonstrate the selective detection capability of JLU-MOF101 through a large number of anti-interference tests.
PubDate: 2023-06-08
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- Zeolite-encaged Ultrasmall Pt-Zn Species with Trace Amount of Pt for
Efficient Propane Dehydrogenation-
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Abstract: Propane dehydrogenation(PDH) has become a globe-welcoming technology to meet the massive demand for propylene, but the most commonly used Pt-based catalysts suffer from quick sintering, poor selectivity for propylene, and unsatisfied Pt utilization. Herein, a series of Silicalite-1(S-1) zeolite-encaged ultrasmall Pt-Zn clusters with a trace amount of Pt[40–180 ppm(parts per million)] were developed by using a one-pot ligand-protected direct H2 reduction method. Interestingly, the extremely low amount of Pt can significantly promote the activity of zeolite-encaged Zn catalysts in PDH reactions. Thanks to the high Pt dispersion, the synergy between Pt and Zn species, and the confinement effect of zeolites, the optimized PtZn@S-1 catalyst with 180 ppm Pt and 1.88%(mass fraction) Zn, exhibited an extraordinarily high propane conversion(33.9%) and propylene selectivity(99.5%) at 550 °C with a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 8 h−1, affording an extremely high propylene formation rate of \(340.7\,{\rm{mo}}{{\rm{l}}_{{{\rm{C}}_3}{{\rm{H}}_6}}} \cdot {g_{{\rm{Pt}}}}^{ - 1} \cdot {{\rm{h}}^{ - 1}}\) . This work provides a reference for the preparation of zeolite-encaged metal catalysts with high activity and noble metal utilization in PDH reactions.
PubDate: 2023-06-03
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- Genotoxicity Induced by Low Dose and Mixed Exposure to Haloacetaldehydes,
an Emerging Class of Drinking Water Disinfection By-products-
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Abstract: Haloacetaldehydes(HALs) are the third largest disinfection by-products(DBPs) class by mass in drinking water. Most of them alone in high doses are more cytotoxic and genotoxic than regulated DBPs. However, the toxic effects of mixed exposure to HALs at environmentally relevant levels are still unknown. Given that genotoxicity is critical for risk assessment, we employed multiple genotoxic tests including the Salmonella typhimurium revertant mutation assay(Ames assay), the single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE) assay, the cytoplasmic blocking micronucleus(CBMN) assay, and the γ-H2AX assay to investigate the genotoxicity of HALs based on the HALs concentrations and components detected in the finished drinking water of Shanghai, China. The results demonstrated the concentrations of HALs were low, ranging from 0.04 µg/L to 4.47 µg/L, and the total concentration was 10.85 µg/L. Although the mutagenicity of HALs was negative even at 1000-fold concentrations in the real world, mixed exposure to 100 and 1000-fold concentrations HALs resulted in DNA and chromosomal damage in human hepotocyte(HepG2) cells. HALs significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and γ-H2AX and activated nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2-related factor 2(NRF2) pathway-related protein expressions in HepG2 cells. The antioxidant NAC could ameliorate NRF2 pathway-related protein expression and DNA damage caused by HALs, suggesting that the genotoxicity of mixed exposure to HALs involved cellular oxidative stress and NRF2 pathway activation.
PubDate: 2023-06-02
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- Fe-substituted Polyoxometalate-based Spherical Assemblies as Catalysts for
Olefin Epoxidation-
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Abstract: Fe-substituted polyoxometalate(Na15[(P2W15O56)2Fe3])(Fe-POM)-based composite (C19H42N)15[(P2W15O56)2Fe3](CTAB-Fe-POM) was successfully synthesized through an ion-exchanged method. Then, it was self-assembly in a mixed solvent to form surfactant encapsulated complex nanosphere(SECN). The as-prepared SECN was employed as the catalyst for the epoxidation of olefins with H2O2. Compared with (C19H42N)6[α-P2W18O62](CTAB-P2W18), SECN shows a higher activity in the epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene with a high yield(97.3%). The extraordinary performance could be attributed to the amphiphilic module of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB), which improves the dispersion of the catalyst in CH3CN and accelerates the catalytic reaction. And Fe atom can rapidly activate H2O2, forming the active intermediate Fe-OOH to realize the transfer of active “O”. Furthermore, the catalyst could be reused five times without significant loss of activity.
PubDate: 2023-06-02
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- RNA-sequencing-based Gene Expression Profile Revealing Breast Tumor
Development Induced by Exposure of Bisphenol S-
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Abstract: Aberrant biological information occurs naturally at exposure to bisphenol A or its alternatives, which was associated with the occurrence and development of breast cancer. However, the potential molecular variation in gene expression during the breast tumor development is still unclear. Herein, high throughput RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq) and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate the variation of tumor-mRNA profile exposed with BPS5 (5 µg/kg bw/day) or BPS50(50 µg/kg bw/day) in tumor development-associated MMTV-PyMT transgenic mouse model. Meanwhile, we analyzed the dose-effects of bisphenol S(BPS) and BPS-induced tumor development on the gene level exhaustively. In dose-effect aspects of BPS, the increased concentration of BPS significantly changed the numbers and enrichment pathway of differentially expressed genes(DEGs), especially the enrichment pathways involved in up-regulated genes including ribosome, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor(PPAR) signaling pathway and progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation pathway. In effects of BPS exposure to tumor development, expression of IgκC, Zfp385b, Cldn10, Pgr and Snord14d has changed significantly throughout the tumor development. Gene ontology(GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) results obtained from BPS-induced tumor development showed that the functional classifications were intensively altered with an extension of time in high-dose BPS groups. The acquired DEGs and pathway information could help with the accurate exploration of molecular mechanisms of tumor development, screening of molecular targets of breast cancer, and toxicological evaluation of environmental pollutants.
PubDate: 2023-05-29
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- Microplastics’ Aging Processes in the Aquatic Environment: Aging
Mechanisms, Altered Environmental Behaviors and Ecotoxicity-
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Abstract: Microplastics(MPs) have been one of the most concerned environmental issues since the 21st century. MPs are plastic particles with diameters less than 5 mm, which are widely sourced in the aquatic environment. After being released into the aquatic environment, MPs would experience complicated physical, chemical and biological aging processes driven by mechanical forces, photooxidation, and biological degradation, which would result in changes in MPs’ physicochemical properties, such as the particle size, specific surface area, hydrophobicity, crystallinity, etc. In this review, we have illustrated the current study status on MPs’ environmental aging processes and pointed out the knowledge gaps. MPs’ aging processes would consequentially influence MPs’ interaction with the co-existing organic and inorganic pollutants in the aquatic environment as well as lead to the leaching of chemical additives involved in plastic production, including plasticizers and flame retardants, which can trigger high ecotoxicity to the aquatic environment. Furthermore, aged MPs would cause ecotoxicity to aquatic organisms via bioaccumulation, biomagnification, and indirect carrier pathways. The review would provide an in-depth overview of MPs’ environmental aging processes and consequential ecotoxicity implications, as well as propose future research needs.
PubDate: 2023-05-25
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- Analysis of Emerging Contaminants in Surface Water, Aquaculture Ponds and
Wastewater Treatment Facilities in the Taige Canal Basin-
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Abstract: Emerging contaminants(ECs) have aroused great concerns due to their widespread presence as well as their potential health and ecological risks. Currently monitoring data about ECs in Chinese rural areas are still limited. In this study, Taige Canal basin was selected as a typical rural area for a pilot study. The occurrence of ECs, including pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs), pesticides, plasticizers and flame retardants, in surface water and aquaculture ponds, as well as in wastewater treatment facilities, was comprehensively investigated. The effectiveness of rural decentralized wastewater treatment facilities and centralized wastewater treatment plant(WWTP) in removing ECs was also analyzed. Among 126 commonly used pesticides for target analysis, 25 compounds were detected in surface water with high frequency of >80%. Besides, 55 PPCPs, 21 pesticides and 18 other industrial products were identified by non-target analysis using high resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS). Totally 18 compounds were detected in surface water with a frequency of >60% and 6 of them were found in all samples, including irbesartan, valsartan, propazine, buprofezin, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP) and tri-(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate(TCPP), with mean concentrations of 3022, 195, 125, 218, 3738 and 545 ng/L, respectively. There are 29 compounds(11 PPCPs, 8 pesticides and 10 other industrial products) detected in water samples from the aquaculture ponds, of which 13 compounds were found in all three ponds. The removal efficiencies of ECs in wastewater treatment facilities are generally limited, except valsartan(82%–86%), nobiletin(100%) and diisodecylphthalate(100%) were found to be significantly removed.
PubDate: 2023-05-25
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- Occurrence of Human Exposure to Benzothiazoles and Benzotriazoles in
Indoor Dust in Suizhou and Beijing, China-
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Abstract: Benzothiazoles(BTHs) and benzotriazoles(BTRs) are an important group of industrial chemicals. Due to large scale and long-term applications, they have been released to various environmental media, including indoor dust, and subsequently elicited a variety of toxic effects. In this study, the concentrations and composition profiles of BTHs and BTRs in indoor dust from Suizhou and Beijing, China, were investigated. The median concentrations of Σ6BTHs in indoor dust samples from Suizhou and Beijing were 133 and 439 ng/g dw, respectively, whereas the Σ5BTRs concentrations from Suizhou and Beijing were 28.4 and 40.1 ng/g dw, respectively(dw=dry weight). BTH, 2-OH-BTH, 1-H-BTR, and 5-Me-1-H-BTR were the predominant compounds in the dust. Human exposure to such chemicals was further evaluated. The intake for the population in Suizhou(0.163–0.939 ng/kg bw/day) and Beijing(0.0347–0.200 ng/kg bw/day) was minor(bw=body weight). The obtained results in this study will be able to add insight into human exposure to BTHs and BTRs. This study will help to identify the behavior and fate of BTHs and BTRs in the environment, and thus to scientifically assess their risk of exposure.
PubDate: 2023-05-25
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- Ultrasound Treatment Reducing the Production of VBNC Bacteria in the
Process of Chlorine Disinfection: Efficiency and Mechanisms-
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Abstract: The production and reactivation of viable but nonculturable(VBNC) bacteria by chlorine disinfection leads to an overestimation of the disinfection effect and brings health risks. Therefore, this study is to evaluate the disinfection efficiency of combined ultrasound(US) and chlorine in inhibiting the production and reactivation of VBNC bacteria and to clarify the mechanisms. The number of culturable cells was effectively reduced by 99.97% after US/chlorine treatments. The number of VBNC bacteria introduced by US treatment and chlorine treatment was 103.6 CFU/ mL and 105.2 CFU/mL, respectively. However, US/chlorine disinfection produces fewer VBNC bacteria(101.3 CFU/mL), and the dark reactivation of the VBNC bacteria was effectively inhibited. Ultrasound and chlorine have synergistic effects in disinfection-ultrasound further enhancing bacterial membrane permeability and chlorine-induced oxidative stress, causing the bacterial antioxidant system to collapse. In addition, single cell Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS) analysis revealed that US/chlorine treatment inhibits more strongly or even destroys the metabolism of bacteria. The significantly perturbed metabolic pathways mainly involved the amino acid, carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms. Thus, the combined US/chlorine treatment is a promising cleaner and a more efficient disinfection technology to remove VBNC bacteria in the field of water purification.
PubDate: 2023-05-23
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- Effects of Br− on NDMA Formation During Chloramination: a Review of
Influencing Factors, Mechanisms, and Control-
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Abstract: For the invasion of seawater and the stress of human activities, bromide ion(Br−) exists widely in drinking water sources, and it was found to influence the formation of non-brominated but carcinogenic nitrogen-containing disinfection by-product nitroso-dimethylamine(NDMA) during chloramination(NH2Cl). The presence of Br− leads to the formation of bromine-active species, such as bromamines(NH2Br), bromochloramine(NHClBr), as well as hypobromous acid(HOBr), which are more reactive with NDMA precursors than chlorine-active species, so might promote NDMA generation. This review mainly focuses on the influencing laws, as well as the factors(disinfection conditions and characteristics of water matrixes) that affected NMDA formation during chloramination with Br−. In addition, the possible influencing pathways are discussed. Finally, based on the above summary, measures pertaining to reduce the impact of Br− on NDMA production are concluded. This review would provide a theoretical reference for drinking water treatment plants to deal with bromine-containing water during chloramination.
PubDate: 2023-05-23
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- Identification, Toxicology and Health Effects of New Pollutants
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PubDate: 2023-05-22
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- Toxic Effects of Tetrabromobisphenol A on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Cells(HepG2) Evaluated Using RNA-Seq-
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Abstract: Tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA) is used as a brominated flame retardant and can easily release into environment. It has been detected in a variety of environmental media and even in food, making it a new pollutant that is potentially harmful to environment and human health. However, the toxicity and underlying mechanism of TBBPA remain to be explored. TBBPA is actively metabolized in the liver, so it is vital to study the hepatocellular toxicity of TBBPA. In this study, we treated hepatocellular carcinoma cells(HepG2) with TBBPA and searched the differentially expressed genes(DEGs) triggered by TBBPA exposure. RNA-seq analysis showed that the expression of genes, such as CLIC1 and GATSL1, were significantly down-regulated and PTENP1 was significantly up-regulated after TBBPA exposure, and these genes were involved in cell proliferation and metabolism. The down-regulated genes were enriched to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR) signaling pathway and up-regulated genes were enriched to Janus Kinase-signal transduces and activators of transcription(JAK-STAT) signaling pathway, which play a role in regulating cell growth. Overall, our transcriptome analysis obtained for TBBPA-treated HepG2 cells implies that TBBPA affects the cell proliferation and growth.
PubDate: 2023-05-18
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- Distribution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Antimony in
Atmospheric Particulates in a Northern City of China-
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Abstract: Over the last several decades, scientists have established a wealth of evidence to demonstrate the risks posed to human health by toxic elements in atmospheric particulate matter(PM). Antimony(Sb), as one of ever ignored PM-bound heavy metals, attracts more and more attentions and has been regarded as one emerging air pollutant with the change of pollution sources of particulate matter. To study the distribution of Sb in PM with different particle sizes is of great practical significance for understanding its source and health risks. In this study, the size distributions of Sb in PM(PM2.5, PM10 and TSP) in different seasons were studied from July 2018 to May 2019. The high concentration of PM-bound Sb was found and the health risk was evaluated. Sb was enriched in fine particles and showed higher values in winter, which was probably caused by coal combustion and meteorological conditions. It was also found that traffic-related non-exhaust emissions might become another main contribution to fine particle Sb. Health risk assessment demonstrated that the hazard quotient (HQ) of Sb in PM2.5 and PM10 for children(PM2.5: 1.54, PM10: 1.32) exceeded the acceptable threshold and ingestion contributed the most to the HQ for both children and adults.
PubDate: 2023-05-18
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- Heterogeneous Seeded Growth of Chiral Au Nanostructures on PbS
Nanocrystals-
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Abstract: Chiral plasmonic nanoparticles have been widely prepared through the seed-mediated overgrowth. However, the synthesis of chiral plasmonic-based hetero-nanostructures with multiple components via heterogeneous nucleation and growth has posed significant challenges. In this work, we develop a novel approach for the synthesis of chiral Au/PbS nano-heterostructures. This approach utilizes PbS nano-octahedrons as seeds and chiral cysteine-phenylalanine as symmetry-breaking agents to enable the selective growth of chiral Au on the single vertex of PbS nano-octahedrons. The optical properties of the resulting composites can be tuned by independently controlling synthetic parameters, such as the handedness and concentration of enantiomers and Au precursor. The chiral composites coupling PbS with plasmonic nanoparticles exhibit enhanced photoelectric performance compared with the corresponding achiral counterparts as a result of the difference in extinction and interface contacts between Au and PbS. This study provides a rational design for the construction of functional chiral nanostructures, not only expanding their application in various fields, such as chiral catalysis, spin devices, and chiral sensing, but also triggering new or enhanced properties by the integration of chiral plasmonic effect with other functional features.
PubDate: 2023-05-18
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- Occurrence and Health Risk of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Popular Shellfish
from a Typical Coastal Area of the East China-
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Abstract: As crucial homologous members of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs), perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs) have aroused wide public concern because of their unique properties(persistence, bioaccumulation, long-distance migration and toxicity). Studies have shown their potential hazard to wildlife and humans, with food consumption as one of the primary routes of PFAA exposure for general population, especially seafood intake. In this study, 17 PFAAs were quantified in 9 shellfish species from Yuhuan City, a typical coastal area of the East China. The total mean concentrations of PFAAs were in the range of 5.03–381 ng/g dry weight(dw), with the highest concentration found in Neverita didyma and the lowest in Babylonia lutosa. Concentrations and composition profiles of PFAAs varied significantly among different species, indicating differences in the bioaccumulation potential of PFAAs among species. Perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) was presented as the most abundant PFAA in this study, followed by perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA). Significant positive correlations were observed among some individual PFAAs(p<0.05), indicating that they may share similar pollution sources or undergo similar compound behaviors. Health risk assessment indicated a relatively high threat for local residents exposed to PFAAs through shellfish consumption.
PubDate: 2023-05-13
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- Effects of Forest Filtering and Cold Trapping on Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbons Distribution in Southeast Tibet-
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Abstract: New pollutants in remote regions have become a global issue of concern. This study collected soil, lichen, moss, and air samples from the high mountain area of southeastern Tibet to analyze the altitude pollution distribution of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and the related influencing factors. The results revealed that the average levels of Σ6PAH in soil, moss, lichen, and air samples were 46.8 ng/g dry weight(dw), 140.6 ng/g dw, 712.0 ng/g dw, and 60.1 ng/m3, respectively. Naphthalene and phenanthrene were the most abundant individual isomers, and 2–4 rings PAHs accounted for approximately 90% of the total ΣPAH concentration in the samples. Source apportionment analysis highlighted the impact of atmospheric PAH inputs on this region. Octanol/air distribution factor(Koa), altitude, plant coverage, and soil organic matter were the key determinants of PAH concentration along the altitudinal gradient. Across all the soil sampling sites, the average contribution of the forest filter effect (FFE) was greater than that of the mountain cold trapping effect based on the principal component analysis and multiple linear regression. The findings of this study strengthened the reasons for the preferential accumulation of organic pollutants in the high-altitude mountainous area, and provided important insights for effective environmental strategies of new pollutants.
PubDate: 2023-05-13
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- Introduction and Influence of Water in the Preparation of Crosslinked PVC
Foam by Isocyanate-
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Abstract: In the preparation process of crosslinked polyvinyl chloride (c-PVC) foam by isocyanate, the formulated mixture is generally required to be carried out under the condition of isolated water, so as to avoid the mixing difficulties caused by the reaction between the introduced water and isocyanate. In this paper, NaHCO3 was added to the mixture to indirectly introduce water into the system, and the effects of NaHCO3 on the cell structure and curing time of c-PVC foam were investigated. The results showed that NaHCO3 not only played a role of foaming agent, but also was a good nucleating agent for cells. At the same time, the introduction of NaHCO3 held back the exudation of modified diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate(MDI) on the cell wall. The effects of NaHCO3 on the cell structure and aggregation structure of c-PVC foam were studied by thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that decomposition of NaHCO3 occurred during the molding stage, which made small amount of MDI react with water to form polyurea, improved the compatibility of MDI with PVC and inhibited the exudation of MDI.
PubDate: 2023-05-13
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- Growing Knowledge of Stem Cells as a Novel Experimental Model in
Developmental Toxicological Studies-
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Abstract: The increasing production and extensive application of chemicals have led to their unintended release and contamination in the environment, posing a hazardous threat to wildlife and human health. Numerous studies have demonstrated that developmental toxicity could be induced by various emerging chemicals, causing abnormal embryonic and placental development, adverse pregnancy outcomes, obesity, and dysfunction of lipid metabolism in neonates. Given the currently-available experimental technology for developmental toxicological studies, an in vitro model based on stem cells showed promising performance in high-throughput screening of the early-stage developmental toxicity of emerging chemicals. In this review, the deleterious effects of environmental pollutants on stem cells were systemically assorted from the aspects of cytological dysfunction, self-renewal impairment, perturbation in embryoid body(EB) formation, and disruption of committed lineage differentiation. The toxicological data on the molecular level, including the altered expressions of gene and protein biomarkers, epigenomic regulation, and enhanced oxidative stress, were collected and summarized to provide the mechanism explanation for the link between environmental pollutant exposure and unfavorable phenotypes in stem cells. The advantage of the stem cell model in developmental toxicological studies was specifically emphasized. And the perspectives for stem cells were ultimately highlighted in the research field of environmental toxicology, especially developmental toxicology during the early stage of life.
PubDate: 2023-05-11
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