JournalTOCs

Alchemy : Journal of Chemistry
Number of Followers: 2

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2086-1710 - ISSN (Online) 2086-1710
Published by UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

[16 journals]

Pengaruh Surfaktan terhadap Pemisahan Logam Transisi Periode Pertama
Menggunakan Metode Emulsion Liquid Membrane
- Authors: Afifah Rana Widianti, Dwi Ratna Setiani, Fauzia Salsabila, Anni Anggraeni, Uji Pratomo, Husein H. Bahti
  Pages: 1 - 11
  Abstract: First row transition metals are heavy metals that are very abundant in their compound form and widely applied in industrial fields because of their unique physical and chemical properties. These industrial activities often produce waste that still contains toxic transition metal. To overcome that problems, the transition metal must be separated by an effective and efficient method, that is the emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) because simultaneous separation process. ELM is a separation method that involves three phases. The determinant of the success of the ELM process is the stability of the emulsion which depends on the concentration and type of the surfactant used. Types of surfactants that can be used in the first row transition metal separation using the ELM method are non-ionic surfactants such as Span 80, a mixture of Span 80-Tween 80 and Polyamine ECA 4360J. Therefore, this review article aims to determine the effect of concentrations and type of that surfactants on emulsion stability and extraction efficiency in the separation of first row transition metals using the ELM method.Keywords: First row transition metals, emulsion liquid membrane, surfactant
  PubDate: 2023-03-29
  DOI: 10.18860/al.v11i1.15020
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)
Optimasi Kondisi Elektrokoagulasi pada Proses Degradasi Limbah Karbofuran
(Furadan 3GR) dengan Elektroda Al/grafit
- Authors: Damar Nurwahyu Bima, Kumala Devi, Suhartana Suhartana, Sriyanti Sriyanti
  Pages: 12 - 18
  Abstract: Elektrokoagulasi merupakan salah satu metode elektrokimia untuk mengolah polutan air dan limbah. Pada penelitian ini, proses elektrokoagulasi menggunakan elektroda aluminium diaplikasikan pada limbah artistik yang mengandung karbofuran untuk melihat nilai chemical oxygen demand (COD). Proses elektrokoagulasi dipilih dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan beberapa keunggulan, seperti mudah dan sederhana untuk diaplikasikan. Beberapa parameter seperti waktu elektrolisis, konsentrasi elektrolit, dan pengaruh pH telah diteliti pengaruhnya terhadap proses elektrokoagulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi penurunan chemical oxygen demand (COD) terbaik adalah 64,40%. Kondisi terbaik yang diperoleh adalah waktu elektrolisis 60 menit, konsentrasi elektrolit 0,15 M, dan pH 10. Hasil yang diperoleh juga menunjukkan bahwa penurunan chemical oxygen demand (COD) tergantung pada beberapa parameter tersebut. Hasil ini dikonfirmasi dengan karakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan spektroskopi FTIR. Hasil spektrum UV-Vis menunjukkan adanya penurunan intensitas pada panjang gelombang 275 nm. Analisis hasil spektrum FTIR antara sampel awal dengan hasil elektrokoagulasi menunjukkan adanya kesamaan puncak serapan namun dengan intensitas yang jauh lebih kecil hal ini menunjukkan bahwa polutan pada limbah telah terendapkan.Kata Kunci: Elektrokoagulasi, Karbofuran, Al/Graphite, COD
  PubDate: 2023-03-30
  DOI: 10.18860/al.v11i1.15360
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)
Isolasi Fungi Tanah Muara Mangrove Desa Katialada Gorontalo dan Skrining
Aktivitas Antibakteri terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Authors: Arthur Hariyanto Prakoso, Muhammad Zainul Arifin, Saeful Akhmad Tauladani, Gani Asri Muharam, Asia Asia, Ari Satia Nugraha
  Pages: 19 - 28
  Abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterial pathogen that causes various kinds of infections. The use of antibiotics is usually done to treat the infection. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has various resistance abilities that can avoid the efficacy of antibiotics. The emergence of drug resistance events encourages the need for the discovery of new antibiotic drugs, one of which comes from fungals secondary metabolite. Soil fungi from mangrove ecosystems have not been studied much. Interestingly, these soil fungi have unique adaptive responses. This response also affects the secondary metabolites it contains. Knowing this information, mangrove soil samples were cultured on fungi media which were then tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa through antagonist test and microdilution test. Three fungal cultures with yeast characteristics were obtained and each of the secondary metabolite ethyl acetate extracts of these three fungi had antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity was indicated by the % inhibition parameter. The terpenoid content in fungal cultures may be responsible for the antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research is an initial screening of the search for new antibiotic candidates, so further research study such as isolation and species determination needs to be done.
  
  PubDate: 2023-03-31
  DOI: 10.18860/al.v11i1.15738
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)
Preparation and Characterization of Graphene Oxide from Rice Husk
- Authors: Atina Khoiron Nisa, Ganden Supriyanto, Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim
  Pages: 29 - 34
  Abstract: Preparation and characterization of Graphene Oxide (GO) Fe3O4 nanocomposite has been done. The characterized by XRD showed that graphite,GO and GO-Fe3O4 were amorph. Characterized by FTIR showed that there were a distinctive vibration bands of C-O,C=O, C=C, and OH, and additional bands belong to Fe-O dan Fe-C for the GO-Fe3O4. FESEM analysed showed that GO have smooths and sheets, and fill the wrinkled circle on the surface GO was showed presence of Fe3O4. The diameters of Fe3O4 was 39 nm. Atoms distribution Fe, C, and O of Fe3O4 on the GO sheets showed 15 %. D-band and G-band of GO were 1331 cm-1 dan 1570 cm-1 and D-band of GO-Fe3O4 were 1331 cm-1 based on analyzed using Raman spectroscopy.
  PubDate: 2023-03-31
  DOI: 10.18860/al.v11i1.16006
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)
Karakterisasi Fraksi Aktif Antioksidan dari Biji Gandaria (Bouea
macrophylla)
- Authors: Maidah Nopiana, Erica Mutiara Putri, Annastaya Novariyan, Iip Pahrudin, Candra Junaedi, Tarso Rudiana
  Pages: 35 - 40
  Abstract: Gandaria (Bouea macrophylla) plants contain antioxidant compounds that can reduce free radicals. Free radicals are one of the causes of various degenerative diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the fraction that had the highest antioxidant activity, and to determine the secondary metabolites contained in the most active fraction of B. macrophylla seeds based on LCMS/MS analysis. Maceration of B. macrophylla seeds with ethanol solvent. Ethanol maserate was concentrated and fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol as solvents. Antioxidant activity was measured by the free radical scavenger method with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazil as a source of radicals and characterization of the secondary metabolites contained in the most active fraction using a Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer. B. macrophylla seed ethanol extract has a % yield of 31.75%. The ethyl acetate fraction of B. macrophylla seeds has the highest mass compared to other fractions and has strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 2.95 ppm. The ethyl acetate fraction of B. macrophylla seeds contains tannins, phenolic, flavonoid dan alkaloid compounds. Based on the results of the identification of secondary metabolites by LC-MS/MS, the ethyl acetate fractions of B. macrophylla seeds contained phenylalalnine compounds.
  PubDate: 2023-03-31
  DOI: 10.18860/al.v11i1.17711
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)
Study Natural Compound of Eleutherine americana as a SaR-CoV-2 Therapeutic
Agent : In Silico Approach
- Authors: Mokhamat Ariefin, Rizki Rachmad Saputra
  Pages: 41 - 49
  Abstract: Sar-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread globally where it has killed thousands of individuals and infected almost 1,016,395 others. Numerous people have died as a result of what the World Health Organization (WHO) has deemed a top worldwide health issue, which has also had severe detrimental social and economic impacts. Some Eleutherin americana are said to possess antiviral effects. Children's colds and nasal congestion can be treated with eleutherin americana. Naphthalene, anthraquinone, and naphtoquinone are the three main chemical families that have been identified from E. americana. Eleutherol, hongconin, isoeleutherol, and eleutherin were the compounds that were identified from E. Americana. Drug-receptor interactions are simulated using computational techniques toward 14 compounds isolated from E. americana. The docking method has been validated by redocking the N3 molecule as a native ligand to the Mpro of Sar-CoV-2 (PDB ID: 7BQY) as a receptor protein. The smaller the RMSD value 0.651 Å, the better the pose obtained through the docking process. Compound 12 has a more negative binding energy are showed -8.6 kcal mol-1, regarding to hydrogen bond interaction toward Thr26, His41, Leu141, Asn142, Gly143, Ser144, His163. The stability of the association between the ligand and receptor increases with decreasing binding energy value (∆G). On the other hand, Compounds 11 and 2 are depicted -8.2 kcal mol-1 and -8.1 kcal mol-1 respectively which close to N3 -8.3 kcal mol-1. Undergoing hydrogen bond interaction between 11 with Gly143,Thr26, Leu141, Glu166, Ser144, Cys145, His163, and less hydrogen bond interaction 2 toward Arg188 and Asn 142. Those result resembling hydroxy group have the best interaction with 7BQY. According to fulfilled data from three candidates 2, 11, 12, it can be expected that compound with many hydroxy groups are within realm of possibility as antiviral agent for Sar-CoV-2 through inhibit replication of this virus.
  PubDate: 2023-03-31
  DOI: 10.18860/al.v11i1.18018
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)
Pemanfaatan Zeolit Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Zeolit-SDBS) dari Abu
Sekam Padi Sebagai Adsorben Logam Timbal (Pb)
- Authors: Kurnia Ramadani, Sjamsiah Sjamsiah, Putriani Putriani, Syarifah Rabiatul Adawiah
  Pages: 50 - 55
  Abstract: Zeolit adalah batuan mineral yang tersusun dari silika dan alumina. Sumber silika tertinggi dapat diperoleh dari sekam padi yang merupakan bagian terluar dari gabah hasil panen. Penelitain ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya daya serap zeolit SDBS dari abu sekam padi terhadap logam Pb. Metode yang digunakan adalah hidrotermal pada temperatur 120oC. Karakterisasi zeolit sintesis dengan XRD untuk mengetahui kemurnian zeolit dan kristalinitasnya serta analisis hasil adsorpsi menggunakan SSA. Hasil penelitian dengan XRD menunjukkan pada ZS1 terdapat senyawa sodalit, serta ZS2 dan ZS3 terdapat zeolit K, zeolit (K, Ba) G dan L. Hasil adsorpsi dengan Pb menunjukkan tingkat efisiensi sebesar 99,47% (ZS1), 95,78% (ZS2) dan 94,67% (ZS3). Kata kunci: Zeolit-SDBS, sekam padi, logam Pb dan Adsorben.
  PubDate: 2023-03-31
  DOI: 10.18860/al.v11i1.17179
  Issue No: Vol. 11, No. 1 (2023)