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Lasers in Medical Science
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.713  Citation Impact (citeScore): 2 Number of Followers: 2  Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)ISSN (Print) 1435-604X - ISSN (Online) 0268-8921 Published by Springer-Verlag  [2468 journals]
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- Inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus by antimicrobial photodynamic
therapy using 1,9-Dimethyl-Methylene Blue: in vitro and in vivo studies-
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Abstract: Abstract The efficiency of antibiotics in terms of their bacterial inhibition is well known. However, studies show that its overuse, underuse, and misuse induce antimicrobial resistance, promoting the need to work with alternative methods. In this sense, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising selective method demonstrating excellent response. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial action promoted in Staphylococcus aureus using 1,9 dimethyl methylene blue dye (DMMB) combined with red LED (λ 630 ± 20 nm, CW, 125 mW, 12 J/ cm², 192 s) in planktonic culture and rats skin wounds contaminated with staphylococcal bacteria. The experimental in vitro and in vivo groups were Control, LED, DMMB, and LED + DMMB; after aPDT, the triplicate samples for each dilution were incubated for 24 h, and the number of bacteria was determined by counting the colony-forming units, and the logarithm (CFU/mL log). Based on in vitro data obtained, the LED + DMMB group, when compared to the Control, showed a reduction in microbial load of 99.943% (p < 0.0001), with decimal reduction (RD = 3). Whereas in vivo results, the same comparing groups demonstrated a reduction in microbial load, reaching 99.994% (RD = 4). In this research, the aPDT was a unique treatment, and it is possible to repeat it to obtain higher microbial reduction, providing an alternative therapeutic that can be clinically validated to combat infections caused by S. aureus.
PubDate: 2025-02-25
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04362-6
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- Exploring the optimal parameter settings of a thulium fiber laser during
soft tissue resection-
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Abstract: There is a lack of clinical consensus on the parameter settings of the pulsed-wave thulium fiber laser for soft tissue resection. The aim of this study was to explore the optimal parameter settings of the pulsed-wave thulium fiber laser for soft tissue resection, with a view to providing a reference for future clinical applications. Two different thulium fiber lasers, prototype thulium fiber lasers and Urolase, were used to explore the optimal parameters of thulium fiber laser for soft tissue cutting by evaluating the depth of tissue vaporization and depth of thermal damage in an isolated pig kidney model, and then the optimal parameters of in vitro screening were statistically validated by operation time, coagulation time, intraoperative hemorrhage, smoke level, and depth of thermal damage in an in vivo model using rabbit kidney. In ex vivo animal experiments the depth of tissue vaporization and thermal damage increased with increasing average power, and tissue carbonization occurred at 30 W. In animal use we used 1 J, 25 W for surgery, and there was no statistical difference between the two thulium fiber lasers in terms of surgery time, coagulation time, bleeding, smoke level, and depth of thermal damage. Thulium fiber laser for soft tissue resection is safe and feasible, and we believe that 1 J, 25 W is the optimal laser setting parameter for soft tissue resection, but it needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation. Graphical
PubDate: 2025-02-25
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04375-1
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- 3D-printed surface coated with natural photosensitizer for photodynamic
inactivation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using visible
light-
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Abstract: Abstract The use of polylactic acid (PLA) coated with photosensitizer (PS) and activated by visible light could represent a novel, inexpensive, and eco-friendly self-sterilizing material to produce customized biomedical devices with antimicrobial properties. The rise of antibiotic resistance highlights the urgent need for alternative antimicrobial strategies, like Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which represents a major global health concern, responsible for severe invasive diseases to minor skin infections and asymptomatic nasal colonization. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) has emerged as a promising technique, using the synergistic effects of light, oxygen, and a photosensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that eradicate bacteria. Brazil’s rich biodiversity offers a reservoir of natural compounds, such as Eugenia uniflora (EU) extract, which has demonstrated effective antimicrobial activity when used in aPDI. This study explored the development of a 3D-printed self-sterilizing surface by combining aPDI and EU extract to combat MRSA. Polylactic acid (PLA) discs were impregnated with EU extract and evaluated for their ability to reduce MRSA colonies under visible light, assessing bacterial growth at 0, 8, and 24 h. Results showed significant reductions in MRSA colonies under visible light after 8 h (~ 50%), which were enhanced at 24 h (~ 70%). ROS involvement was confirmed, with EDTA and azide restoring ~ 50% of bacterial growth, implicating metal ions and singlet oxygen in the mechanism. DNA damage assays revealed heightened genotoxic effects under light exposure, as shown by DNA smearing. This innovative approach underscores the potential of EU coated 3D-printed surfaces in reducing nosocomial infections. Further studies will examine ROS generation and antibiofilm capabilities.
PubDate: 2025-02-24
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04378-y
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- Discussion on the comparison of Raman spectroscopy and cardiovascular
disease-related imaging techniques and the future applications of Raman
technology: a systematic review-
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Abstract: Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of unnatural death worldwide, so timely diagnosis of CVD is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Although the traditional diagnostic tools can locate plaque and observe inner wall of blood vessel structure, they commonly have radioactivity and cannot detect the chemical composition of the plaque accurately. Recently emerging Raman techniques can detect the plaque composition precisely, and have the advantages of being fast, high-resolution and marker-free. This makes Raman have great potential for detecting blood samples, understanding disease conditions, and real-time monitoring. This review summarizes the origin and state-of-art of Raman techniques, including the following aspects: (a) the principle and technical classification of Raman techniques; (b) the applicability of Raman techniques and its comparison with traditional diagnostic tools at different diagnosis targets; (c) the applicability of Raman spectroscopy in advanced CVD. Lastly, we highlight the possible future applications of Raman techniques in CVD diagnosis.
PubDate: 2025-02-24
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04315-z
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- Background and illustrative example of the DMAIC quality improvement
process for laser resurfacing and tattoo removal procedures-
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Abstract: Abstract Six Sigma and DMAIC methodology are potent quality improvement tools that can significantly improve healthcare processes. This article provides an overview of the DMAIC framework and demonstrates its application in improving procedures for physicians performing laser resurfacing and tattoo removal procedures. This methodology begins with defining clear objectives and assembling a dedicated team, followed by measuring and analyzing Critical-to-Quality variables using statistical tools. Improvement strategies are then developed and tested, with control measures implemented to ensure successful outcomes are maintained over time. By systematically following the DMAIC phases, teams can identify areas for improvement, proactively implement changes, and ultimately minimize adverse outcomes associated with medical laser procedures. Adapting the DMAIC framework for dermatological laser procedures offers a structured approach to enhance treatment effectiveness, patient satisfaction, and standardize care, ultimately reducing the risks and side effects associated with these procedures.
PubDate: 2025-02-22
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04377-z
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- Application of Z-scan technique in detecting circulating free DNA for
prostate cancer diagnosis and monitoring-
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Abstract: Abstract Prostate cancer diagnosis relies on methods like PSA testing, digital rectal exams, and biopsies. The Z-scan technique, a nonlinear optical method, may provide a new, non-invasive approach to detecting circulating free DNA (ccfDNA) in serum, offering potential improvements in cancer diagnosis and monitoring. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the Z-scan technique can serve as an alternative or complementary diagnostic tool to existing prostate cancer tests. The Z-scan technique was applied to detect apoptotic and necrotic ccfDNA fragments in the serum or plasma of prostate cancer patients. This technique measures the nonlinear refractive index’s dispersive and absorptive components and was compared with laboratory data, such as PSA levels and cancer progression indicators. The study found a correlation between Z-scan-derived θ values and PSA levels, suggesting its utility in identifying cancer relapse. However, no correlation was observed with the Gleason scale. The Z-scan technique shows promise as a diagnostic and monitoring tool for prostate cancer, offering a potential non-invasive alternative to traditional methods.
PubDate: 2025-02-22
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04357-3
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- The ethical considerations of artificial intelligence hallucination and
misinformation in dermatological and medical laser documentation-
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PubDate: 2025-02-21
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04364-4
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- Effects and parameterization of low-level laser therapy in diabetic
ulcers: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-umbrella-
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Abstract: Abstract This study aimed to systematically verify the available systematic reviews and meta-analyses of Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in diabetic foot ulcer (DFUs) to identify the effects and optimal parameters of LLLT in the management of DFUs. This umbrella review was written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) report items and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Review (PROSPERO). The search for articles was performed in the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase databases. The following terms were used: Diabetic Foot, Diabetic Neuropathies, Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Peripheral Neuropathy, Diabetic Foot Ulcer, LASER Therapy, Low-Level Light Therapy, LLLT, LASER Biostimulation, Low Intensity LASER Irradiation, Low Power LASER Irradiation, Low Intensity LASER Therapy, Low Power LASER Therapy. A search was performed in the references section of the included studies. The systematic review (SR) included studies that compared LLLT with non-therapeutic doses (parameters considered low to modify healing), sham irradiation, and conventional DFU treatment. The interventions were performed using red and infrared wavelengths. Although two studies included in the SR used wavelengths below 600 nm, these were combined with diodes with infrared wavelengths within the same device. Another study performed a comparative analysis of LLLT at different wavelengths (632 nm and 904 nm), with area reduction rates of 63.7% and 56.8%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference. This is study indicated that, compared with standard treatment and non-irradiation treatments, the use of photobiomodulation (PBM) with different parameters was effective in promoting UPD healing. Further studies are warranted to determine the ideal parameters for improving patient outcomes. (International Prospective Register of Systematic Review Registration number: CRD42022362447).
PubDate: 2025-02-21
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04366-2
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- Research trends and hotspots of laser therapy in hemangioma: a
bibliometric and visualization analysis-
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Abstract: Abstract This bibliometric analysis aimed to analyze global research trends in laser therapy for hemangiomas, a common benign vascular tumor in children from 1977 to 2024. Publications in laser therapy for hemangiomas from 1977 to 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, and only articles published in English were analyzed. Bibliometric and visual analyses were performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix.” A total of 1,028 publications from 66 countries and 4,199 authors were analyzed, showing an annual growth rate of 5.61%. The United States led with 365 articles and 11,713 citations. Major contributors included the University of California System and Harvard Medical School, and key journals were Lasers in Surgery and Medicine and Dermatologic Surgery. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) was the most studied laser type. Research focused on optimizing treatment safety, effectiveness, and management, especially in children. The rise of propranolol as a keyword highlighted its increasing role in hemangioma therapy, and the keyword like “classification” and “vascular anomalies” underlining the importance of accurate diagnosis and classification. This study highlights the growing importance of laser therapies for hemangiomas. Future research should explore combining propranolol with laser treatments and the role of precise diagnosis in improving treatment outcomes.
PubDate: 2025-02-21
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04312-2
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- Warm irrigation fluid effect on Thulium fiber laser (TFL) ablation of
uroliths-
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Abstract: Abstract Prior laser studies have demonstrated that as the temperature of a medium increases, the amount of energy delivered to the target increases. We sought to investigate the role of irrigation fluid temperature on Thulium fiber laser (TFL) urolith ablation. 360 calculi were divided in vitro according to chemical composition: calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), cystine (CYS), struvite (STR), calcium phosphate (CAP), uric acid (UA), and calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD). A 200 μm TFL was placed directly on each stone, while immersed in 0.9% NaCl at four different temperatures (25 C, 37 C, 44 C, 60 C) and a single laser pulse administered at distinct energy settings (0.1 J, 0.5 J, 1.5 J). Optical coherence tomography assessed the resulting ablation cone volume. Mean stone volume and porosity were evaluated through ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc analysis. A multivariate generalized model for each composition accounted for the impact of fluid temperature and laser energy on stone ablation. Warmer fluid temperatures yielded greater ablation cone volumes for most energy settings, excluding UA stones. When accounting for chemical composition, higher tensile strength stones (COM, CYS) benefited most from warmer fluid in comparison to frangible stones (CAP, STR). The effects of increasing fluid temperature are modest relative to laser pulse energy as a large temperature increase (i.e. 7ºC) is equivalent to a minor energy increase (i.e. 0.1 J). For non-UA stones, TFL ablation efficiency increases with warmer irrigation fluid. The effect, albeit modest compared to laser pulse energy, was most notable for COM and CYS stones.
PubDate: 2025-02-21
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04253-2
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- Lasers for treatment of androgenetic alopecia: an in-depth analysis
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Abstract: Abstract With recent developments in laser technologies and growing demand for alternative treatments, laser therapy has been increasingly studied as a treatment for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and fractional laser therapies have been marketed as safe and effective options for treating AGA in comparison with traditional drug therapies, which are associated with unwanted side effects. We discuss the history of development and implementation of laser devices for treatment of hair loss and outline the proposed mechanism of action for LLLT and fractional lasers. Additionally, we summarize the evidence of efficacy for LLLT and fractional laser monotherapies in the treatment of AGA and assess potential risk of bias in available clinical studies. While evidence is still mounting, there exists some congruency in proposed mechanisms for the stimulation of hair follicles by laser therapy. Laser light is believed to foster a supportive microenvironment for the hair follicle, through improved vascularization and modulation of inflammation, and directly stimulate growth signaling in the follicle. As for evidence of clinical efficacy, studies of LLLT and fractional laser monotherapies have reported improvement in AGA markers from baseline values. However, these studies have a relatively small sample size and our risk of bias assessment suggests some concerns in procedural design. Although laser therapy represents a safe alternative treatment option for AGA, its evidence of efficacy is hindered by a lack of large-scale, high-quality clinical trials, susceptibility to bias, and a wide range of devices, treatment protocols and parameters.
PubDate: 2025-02-21
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04365-3
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- Polywave LEDs increase the degree of conversion of composite resins, but
not adhesive systems: a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro
studies-
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Abstract: Abstract This study aimed to systematically review the literature for laboratory studies that evaluated the influence of mono- and polywave light-emitting diode (LED) devices on the degree of conversion (DC) of composite resins and adhesive systems. A search of three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus) and using Google Scholar was conducted through June 2024 to identify eligible studies that compared monowave and polywave LED devices on the DC of composite resins and adhesive systems. Studies that evaluated DC using indirect methods, material other than composite resin and adhesive system, and missing DC values as mean and standard deviation were excluded. Meta-analysis was performed at a significance level of ≤ 0.05 comparing DC values (mean and standard deviation) produced by LEDs. Heterogeneity was quantified using I2 values. 79 potentially relevant studies were identified from online databases, 27 were selected for full-text assessment, and 22 were included in this systematic review. Eighteen of the included studies had a high risk of bias and four had a moderate risk of bias. Polywave LEDs significantly improved the DC of composite resins (p ≤ 0.5) and did not affect on adhesive systems (p = 0.18). Despite the high risk of bias and the heterogeneity of the included studies, the available evidence may support the conclusion that polywave LED devices improve the DC of composite resins. Monowave or polywave LED devices did not affect the DC of adhesive systems.
PubDate: 2025-02-21
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04368-0
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- Clinical evaluation of pain perception and surgical wound healing after
lower labial frenectomy with diode laser technique: pilot study-
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Abstract: Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative period of diode laser frenectomies of the lower labial frenulum (LLF) with anomalous insertions and the perceptions of postoperative pain and wound healing. This cross-sectional pilot study evaluated 3 patients who underwent mandibular labial frenectomy with a diode laser between April 2024 and July 2024. Individuals were divided into two groups according LLF insertion type and the parameters evaluated were gender, age, traumatic brushing, dentin hypersensitivity (DH), traumatic brushing, postoperative pain presence, healing, analgesic use and periodontal parameters, with follow-up occurring up to 90 days after frenectomy. Statistical analyses were performed by frequency of categorical variables, Fisher’s exact test and G test were used for intra and intergroup comparisons and the Wilcoxon test was used to compare different postoperative times, with the level of significance set at 0.05 (p < 0.05). The mean age of the sample was 34.6 years and there was a predominance of female participants (n = 2/ 66.6%), we verified that 2 (66.6%) patients presented a bifurcated frenulum insertion and 100% presented mild to intense DH and gingival recession. In the postoperative period, 100% of individuals reported pain and visual dissatisfaction with the scar until the 4th day of follow-up and after 30 days of follow-up only 1 individual remained with pain and visual dissatisfaction with the scar and no evaluated parameter showed statistical significance. Diode laser frenectomy proved to be effective in controlling postoperative pain, improving healing and reducing bleeding.
PubDate: 2025-02-19
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04370-6
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- Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using gold nanoparticles conjugated
with 1,9-dimethyl-methylene blue for treating Staphylococcus skin
infections-
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Abstract: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) using phenothiazine photosensitizer (PS) combined with gold nanoparticles (DMMB-AuNPs) in treating S. aureus-contaminated wounds on the dorsum of rats. Twelve Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control, LED, DMMB-AuNPs, and DMMB-AuNPs + LED. DMMB-AuNPs were prepared using DMMB (300 ng/mL) and 5 nm diameter AuNPs (~ 5.5E + 13 particles/mL). The light source was a red LED (12 J/cm2, λ630 ± 20 nm, CW, 125 mW, 192s). Following the procedures, samples were plated on an agar medium specific to S. aureus to count the colony-forming units (CFU/mL). Statistical analysis using unidirectional ANOVA and Tukey’s test revealed that the aPDT group (DMMB-AuNPs + LED) exhibited a 99.999% (5 log reduction) microbial reduction with a significant statistical difference (p < 0.0001) compared to the Control group, demonstrating a bactericidal effect. The in vivo findings unequivocally demonstrate the effectiveness of DMMB-AuNPs-mediated aPDT as an alternative therapy for staphylococcal infections. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2025-02-19
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04367-1
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- Multilayered numerical modelling of bio-thermal aspects during laser
assisted treatment of internal haemorrhoid developed in rectum-
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Abstract: Abstract Haemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels developed around the anus. Internal haemorrhoids are generally not visible from outside due to its growth inside the rectum and it is generally considered as painless. However, a prolapsed internal haemorrhoid may cause discomfort, pain and irritation. For the treatment of internal haemorrhoid, laser assisted therapy would be helpful due to its rooted advantages such as post-surgery minimal pain, lesser bleeding, quicker healing, shorter recovery period, shorter surgical and overall treatment duration, lower risk of recurrence and least risk of post-surgical infections. The genesis of present research work deals with the development of mathematical modelling to capture the bio-thermal response during laser assisted therapy of internal haemorrhoid developed in the rectum. The explicit form of finite difference method is employed as numerical tool for the mathematical study and the physical domain is considered as multilayered tissue (three different layers of rectum: muscle, submucosa and mucosa). A Gaussian laser beam is considered as heat source to destroy the abnormal growth inside the rectum. Temperature variation in multi-layered tissue is investigated for laser heat input and absorption radius along the temporal and spatial coordinate. Temperature drop has been evidenced in the interfaces of multi-layered rectum tissue. The research outcome is verified with the published numerical model with negligible variation.
PubDate: 2025-02-19
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04355-5
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- Neoangiogenetic potential of Nd:YAG 1064Â nm photobiomodulation in
non-surgical healing of trauma induced periapical bone defects: a
clinicalprospective pilot study-
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Abstract: Abstract To evaluate Nd: YAG 1064 nm photobiomodulation as a therapeutic adjunct for non-surgical management of trauma-induced periapical bone defects. The present study was a parallel‐group, double arm, single‐centre clinical, prospective, pilot study. Thirty systematically healthy individuals with radiographic evidence of trauma-induced periapical bone defects in anterior teeth were recruited. Twenty-four patients meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly placed in two treatment groups. Group A: Non-surgical endodontic treatment with intracanal calcium hydroxide-iodoform paste (CH-I), and Group B: Non-surgical endodontic treatment with intracanal calcium hydroxide and adjunctive extracanal Nd:YAG 1064 nm photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT). Improvement in vascular perfusion, reduction in size, volume, area and echogenicity of the lesion was assessed with ultrasound and colour Doppler imaging. The peak systolic velocity increased statistically significantly (p < 0.05) from baseline to 3 and 6 months, suggesting PBMT as a facilitator of neoangiogenesis. Compared to the calcium hydroxide group, the PBM group showed a more significant mean reduction in size, volume, and surface area of the periapical lesion and lower post-operative pain scores, though not statistically significant. Also, the PBM group presented with more remarkable hard tissue development, as seen by an improvement in echogenicity from hypoechoic to predominantly hyperechoic or hyperechoic. Results suggest that PBMT with Nd: YAG can accelerate healing, enhance perfusion of periapical lesions, provide analgesia, and reduce the need for pharmacological drugs. Although the sample size is limited, this research offers a foundation for further clinical studies with larger sample sizes to evaluate the additional benefits of laser therapy in periapical healing. The study was submitted to the Clinical Trails Registry-India (CTRI), under reference no/2023/02/063428, with a registration number/2023/09/057848, before the commencement of the study.
PubDate: 2025-02-19
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04360-8
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- Application of color Doppler ultrasound in the treatment of infantile
hemangioma by applying timolol combined with Cynergy dual-wavelength laser
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Abstract: Abstract To assess the utility of color Doppler ultrasound in guiding the treatment of infantile hemangiomas using a combination of topically applied timolol and Cynergy dual-wavelength laser. We selected 92 hemangioma patients from our outpatient clinic between March 2022 and September 2023. According to the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations (2019 edition), laser therapy is suitable for superficial localized or sporadic lesions, combined treatment or natural resolution of residual skin hemangioma lesions, remaining loose and uneven skin.All the patients in our group met the guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of hemangiomas and vascular malformations (2019 edition). The risk grade was medium risk and low risk, medium risk: hemangiomas on both sides of the face, scalp, hands and feet, with disfigurement risk and low risk of functional impairment; Hemangiomas in the body folds (neck, perineum, underarm), with a high risk of ulcer formation; Segmental hemangiomas > 5 cm- risk of ulcer formation on trunk, limbs, and skin, and permanent remains. Low risk: Trunk, limbs (not obvious), low risk of disfigurement and functional impairment. According to guidelines for moderate risk hemangiomas: Treat them early. Early and weak lesions can be given topical β-blockers, or pulsed dye laser; In the course of treatment, if the tumor growth cannot be controlled, the high-risk hemangioma treatment regimen should be followed. Low-risk hemangioma: If it is stable, follow up or try topical drugs; If the tumor is growing rapidly, the medium risk hemangioma treatment regimen is followed.These patients were divided into two groups, A and B. In group A, color Doppler ultrasonography was conducted, and patients were categorized into three groups based on their blood flow signals identified through color ultrasound. Among the 70 cases in group A with distinct blood flow signals, laser parameters were adjusted, and topical timolol was administered. In group B, the family members of the patients were reluctant to accept color ultrasound examination due to poor family conditions and the patient’s uncooperation during color ultrasound examination,22 cases received direct treatment with topical timolol and Cynergy dual-wavelength laser upon hospital admission without undergoing ultrasound. The time gap between these treatments was one month. Both groups were followed up for one month to compare treatment effectiveness, adverse effects, and treatment durations. A total of 92 patients were included in this study, with 70 cases in group A (average age 4.05 ± 2.51 months) and 22 cases in group B (average age 4.00 ± 2.33 months). Hemangioma blood flow signals in group A were categorized as follows: no blood flow, sparse blood flow, and moderate blood flow in groups A1, A2, and A3, respectively. The effectiveness rate in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (90.0% vs. 72.7%, U = 637, P = 0.044). Group A exhibited lower adverse effect rates compared to group B (n = 14 [20.0%] vs. n = 9 [40.9%], U = 609, P = 0.049). Furthermore, the number of treatments showed a statistically significant difference (F = 26.830, P = 0.00) between the two groups. Doppler ultrasonography proves valuable in assessing the clinical effectiveness of hemangiomas. Future research may determine its ability to predict the number of laser treatments required.
PubDate: 2025-02-18
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04356-4
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- Dual-action approach to oral cancer therapy: integrating HDAC inhibition
and photodynamic therapy with LXD191-
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PubDate: 2025-02-17
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04359-1
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- The clinical effects and skin histological changes induced by a novel
insulated radiofrequency microneedle: a pilot study-
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Abstract: Abstract Radiofrequency microneedle (RFMN) could mechanically penetrates the epidermis and emits radiofrequency energy to the target skin layer. This innovative system offers the capability to deliver precisely controlled radiofrequency energy at varying depths within the skin in a single insertion. We hypothesized that the new RFMN could improve both pore size and skin laxity simultaneously by single insertion and multiple discharges, thus reducing the number of treatment passes and improving the treatment efficiency. Therefore, we carried out this pilot study to confirm the clinical effects and corresponding histological changes. In clinical part, 3 subjects received a single RFMN treatment. Subjects’ faces were randomly divided into superficial base-energy and deep high-energy side or superficial high-energy and deep base-energy side. Facial characteristics were documented using standardized photographic techniques at various points in the study. In animal experiment, the abdomen of Bama miniature pig was divided into 4 treatment zones: the blank control group; superficial base-energy and deep high-energy group; superficial high-energy and deep base-energy group; no energy control group. Skin samples were collected immediately and 1 month post-treatment for histological analysis to observe the corresponding histological changes. Immediately after treatment, we found that the severity of erythema and petechiae may be related to the parameter settings. 1 month after treatment, improvement in skin laxity and facial pore size on both sides of the face was observed. The treatment resulted in a more significant improvement in relaxation on the superficial base-energy and deep high-energy side, but the pore improvement appeared to be more pronounced on the superficial high-energy and deep base-energy side. A trend of decreasing intensity in vascular dilatation was observed across the treatment groups, with the superficial high-energy and deep base-energy group exhibiting the most pronounced dilation. Histological observations immediately after treatment revealed that 2 seperated injury zones, which was caused by the same needle discharged electric twice, and one charge in the deep and one in the shallow. Immediate post-treatment dilation of blood vessels in all treatment groups was observed. A trend of decreasing intensity in vascular dilatation was observed across the treatment groups, with the superficial high-energy and deep base-energy group exhibiting the most pronounced dilation. 1 month post-treatment, histological analysis revealed an increase in dermal thickness, elastin, collagen fiber thickness and density, perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration across all treatment groups. Overall, our study demonstrated that variations in energy delivered at different depths by a new RFMN could induce distinct histological changes and corresponding clinical efficacy. This finding holds promise for optimizing the clinical application of RFMN. By tailoring the depth and energy settings in one insertion, specific concerns such as enlarged pores or facial laxity can be addressed more efficiently.
PubDate: 2025-02-17
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04354-6
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- Oral mucosa cues for regeneration using Photobiomodulation
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Abstract: Abstract Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is gaining recognition as an effective method for repairing damaged tissues, particularly in skin and mucosa injuries. Despite its growing use, there remains a significant gap in understanding the interaction of ectomesenchymal components during light therapy. This study explored various near-infrared light parameters on stressed skin keratinocytes (KC) cultured alone or in association with oral fibroblasts (FB) using a transwell system. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were quantified, alongside observations of cell viability/proliferation, migration, and pro-resolutive gene expression in KC cultivated conventionally (at 1, 5, and 50 J/cm2; 1.4, 7 and, 70 s; 0.03, 0.14, and 1.4 J, respectively; 0.71 W/cm2; 20 mW) and co-cultured with FB (at 5 J/cm2). Murine tongue fragments were also treated at 5 J/cm2 for three days. The results revealed increased ROS levels in stressed cells. PBMT enhanced cell viability/proliferation and migration of KC in vitro, while pro-inflammatory cytokines were predominantly suppressed following irradiation. All energy densities and culture models showed upregulation of amphiregulin. In the co-culture system, PBMT notably upregulated interleukin 1 - receptor antagonist and vascular endothelial growth factor genes while downregulating transforming growth factor-β1 expression. In ex vivo tongue fragments, PBMT significantly increased lamina propria thickness and spindle-shaped cell counts compared to non-irradiated samples. Overall, near-infrared PBMT demonstrated pro-regenerative effects by modulating inflammation. The activation of pro-resolutive molecules and the dampening of cytokines may favor early tissue remodeling in the dermis counterpart.
PubDate: 2025-02-17
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-025-04343-9
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