Authors:Loreta Bukšnytė-Marmienė Agnė Brandišauskienė Jūratė Česnavičienė Aušra Daugirdienė Abstract: The successful functioning of any organization depends on one of the most important factors – employees’ organizational commitment. As the modern education system strives to establish the school as an effective organization, it is important to investigate what psychological factors are associated with greater teachers’ organizational commitment. The aim of this study was to determine the implications of the school functioning as an organization and teachers’ wok related well-being for teachers’ organizational commitment. In this study participated 292 teachers. The factors of the school functioning were measured by the Organisational Diagnosis Questionnaire (Preziosi, 1980). Teachers’ work-related well-being was analysed as a continuum of job satisfaction and job insecurity. One of the subscales of the Michigan Organizational Assessment Questionnaire (Cammann et al., 1975) was used to measure job satisfaction. Job insecurity was measured with the Job Insecurity Scale (De Witte, 2000). Teachers’ organizational commitment was measured by the Organisational Commitment Scale (Balfour & Wechsler, 1996). The correlation analysis of the variables revealed that all the factors of the organizational functioning have statistically significant strong positive relationships. It was found that teachers’ work-related well-being is related to the school functioning factors. Teachers’ organizational commitment is related to both teachers’ work-related well-being and organizational functioning factors. A multivariate linear regression analysis found that 35.2 % of teachers’ organizational commitment was predicted by their job satisfaction, relationships, principals’ leadership and teachers’ perceived job insecurity. PubDate: Mon, 06 Mar 2023 13:26:04 +000
Authors:Jurgita Lazauskaitė-Zabielskė Arūnas Žiedelis Ieva Urbanavičiūtė Abstract: As remote work becomes a custom way of work organization, there is a need to research the factors that determine its effectiveness. Based on remote work research conducted in Europe and Lithuania, the article presents the differences between remote work and office work, based on which several employee skills are distinguished for effective remote work. First, due to longer working hours and the constant availability of electronic communication and information tools, the psychological skills of detaching from work are discussed. Second, due to the blurring of boundaries between work and personal life, the time-spatial job crafting is presented, i.e. the ability to choose a suitable place and time for work, to change the location of work, to change time or task if they do not match with each other, and to adjust work tasks to the current place and time of work, and his role in remote work. Thirdly, due to the increased autonomy to plan and perform one’s activities and the absence of factors that externally structure the work process and methods of performing tasks, the importance of self-leadership skills, which include the ability to act independently, plan one’s activities, set goals and achieve them, is highlighted. Finally, the article also presents the practical possibilities of psychological detachment from work, mastery of distance work and self-leadership development in the organization. PubDate: Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +000
Authors:Saulė Raižienė Ingrida Gabrialavičiūtė Renata Garckija Abstract: The Circumplex perspective on (de)motivating teaching styles based on Self-determination theory is presented in this paper. Based on the findings of the research project “Towards the effective teaching: the evaluation of (de)motivating teaching strategies and their effects on students’ using Circumplex model” (funded by the Research Council of Lithuania under the National Research Programme Welfare Society, Grant No. S-GEV-21-2) recommendations on how to nourish students’ motivational resources and well-being are provided for professionals working in education. PubDate: Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +000
Authors:Neringa Grigutytė Vita Mikuličiūtė Karolina Petraškaitė Antanas Kairys Abstract: This article aims to evaluate 5 Beck scales – Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale (BSS), and Clark–Beck Obsession-Compulsion Inventory (CBOCI) – comparing clinical and normative samples, and to determine clinically relevant cutoffs. The clinical sample consisted of 242 persons aged 18–74; 39 percent were men and 61 percent were women. The normative sample consisted of 1296 persons aged 18–95; 44 percent were men and 56 percent were women. In order to compare the estimates of the normative and clinical samples of the Beck scales, a paired data study sample was formed – 230 participants from the clinical and normative groups each. The clinical sample was divided into four groups according to the primary diagnoses: 107 (46.5%) patients were diagnosed with mood (affective) disorder (F30–F39), 38 (16.5%) with neurophysical stress and somatoform disorders (F40–F49), 51 (22.2%) with disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances (F10–F19), 34 (14.8%) with high risk of suicide (X60–X84; Z91.5; R45.81). 27 percent of patients had comorbid diagnoses. The results show high internal consistency of the Beck scales in all samples. The discrimination abilities of all five Beck scales are good; the cutoffs for each Beck scale in four clinical groups are estimated. Both the total clinical sample and the 4 clinical sample groups had significantly higher BDI-II, BAI, BHS, BSS, and CBOCI scores than the normative sample. In conclusion, the Beck scales alone are not sufficient for making a decision about the clinical diagnosis. PubDate: Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +000
Authors:Agnė Dzimidienė Dalia Bagdžiūnienė Abstract: In order for organizations to remain competitive and successful in the contemporary business environment, one of the fundamental prerequisites is innovative behavior of employes. Therefore, research analyzing the organizational and personal factors of this behavior is relevant, in which increasing attention is paid to the agility of employees. In general, agility can be described as a person’s ability to adapt quickly and efficiently to normal or new work situations, accept changes and respond appropriately to them. The study aimed to determine the relationship between employees agility, self-efficacy, and innovative behavior in the organization and to evaluate the mediating role of self-efficacy for the relations between agility and innovative behavior. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in the sample of 172 employees. 78% of them were women, the average age of the participants was 33.8 years. Scales measuring employee agility, innovative behavior and self-efficacy were applied in the study. For this study, a Lithuanian employee agility scale consisting of twenty items was prepared. The results were processed using correlational, regression, and mediation analysis. Main results: firstly, more expressed employee agility and self-efficacy predicts their higher involvement in innovative behavior, and secondly, self-efficacy acts as a mediator for the relationship between agility and innovative behavior. The importance of the employee’s personal characteristics – agility and self-efficacy – in predicting innovative behavior was confirmed, and the role of self-efficacy as a mediator for the relationship between agility and innovative behavior was revealed. Theoretical and practical implications of the study results are discussed. PubDate: Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +000
Authors:Kexin Li Aitao Lu Ruchen Deng Hui Yi Abstract: This study investigated the eye gaze cost in cognitive control and whether it is human-specific and body-related. In Experiment 1, we explored whether there was a cost of human eye gaze in cognitive control and extended it by focusing on the role of emotion in the cost. Stroop effect was found to be larger in eye-gaze condition than vertical grating condition, and to be comparable across positive, negative, and neutral trials. In Experiment 2, we explored whether the eye gaze cost in cognitive control was limited to human eyes. No larger Stroop effect was found in feline eye-gaze condition, neither the modulating role of emotion. In Experiment 3, we explored whether the mouth could elicit a cost in Stroop effect. Stroop effect was not significantly larger in mouth condition compared to vertical grating condition, nor across positive, negative, and neutral conditions. The results suggest that: (1) There is a robust cost of eye gaze in cognitive control; (2) Such eye-gaze cost was specific to human eyes but not to animal eyes; (3) Only human eyes could have such eye-gaze costs but not human mouth. This study supported the notion that presentation of social cues, such as human eyes, could influence attentional processing, and provided preliminary evidence that the human eye plays an important role in cognitive processing. PubDate: Fri, 30 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +000
Authors:Marija Aušraitė Kristina Žardeckaitė-Matulaitienė Abstract: The aim of this study is to identify the psychosocial factors which are related with affiliate stigma in parents of children with ADHD through a systematic literature review. This review includes English publications from 2008 to 2022, which present the results of quantitative studies on the relationship between psychosocial factors and affiliate stigma in parents of children with ADHD. According to eligibility criteria, 7 articles were included in the review. The results showed that higher parental affiliate stigma is associated with lower parents’ psychosocial functioning (higher expressed depression, anxiety, lower self-esteem). It was also found that higher parental affiliate stigma is related to unfavorable behavior towards a child (higher expressed negativity/ less constructive parenting). The results also showed that higher parental affiliate stigma is associated with more expressed child's difficulties (ADHD symptoms/ internalizing and externalizing difficulties). PubDate: Mon, 19 Dec 2022 12:26:53 +000
Authors:Gintautas Šilinskas Saulė Raižienė Abstract: This study involved a comparison of the prevalence of two work-related stressors (job-related issues and information and communications technology [ICT] use) and three situational stress factors (COVID-19, geopolitical concerns, and economic conditions) among 40 Grade 2 teachers in Lithuania. Also investigated were associations between the stress factors, the frequency of classroom activities (literacy and mathematics), and teacher interaction styles (affection, behavioral, and psychological control). A total of 40 Grade 2 teachers answered online questionnaires in April–May 2022, a period defined by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the recent (2–3 months prior) start of the Russo–Ukrainian war. The results showed that, of the five stress factors examined, the highest levels of stress expressed by teachers were related to the geopolitical situation, which scored significantly higher than work-related stress factors (job-related issues and ICT use). The results also indicated that all stress factors except geopolitical situation were associated with behavioral and psychological control, suggesting that teachers who report higher levels of stress apply more controlling interaction styles when teaching their second graders. Moreover, the findings revealed that the frequency of classroom activities and the positive dimension of the interaction style of teaching (i.e., affection) were not related to any of the stress factors. PubDate: Mon, 14 Nov 2022 10:11:48 +000
Authors:Tadas Vadvilavičius Aurelija Stelmokienė Abstract: Valid and reliable research methods are needed to assess the work–family enrichment self-efficacy. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted to test the psychometric properties (internal consistency, convergent and/or structural validity) of the Lithuanian version of the work–family enrichment self-efficacy scale. Results revealed that the Lithuanian version of the work–family enrichment self-efficacy scale had high internal consistency. Adequate convergent validity was confirmed by statistically significant positive relationships between work–family enrichment and its dimensions, job satisfaction, and general self-efficacy. Finally, structural validity was confirmed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, that revealed that one factor explained data well. The results of the research confirmed that the Lithuanian version of the work-family enrichment self-efficacy scale was suitable for further research. PubDate: Mon, 17 Oct 2022 09:49:03 +000
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