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Abstract: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been reports of poor sleep quality in the general population. However, there are few studies on the sleep quality of health workers, especially mental health workers. The primary objective of the study was to establish the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of sleep of Colombian mental health workers. This study was a cross-sectional study with an analytical approach. Data gathered through an electronic self-reported questionnaire (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index–Spanish version) was sent by email between September 27 and October 4, 2020. A total of 48.7% (209) of 429 respondents (mental health workers) slept poorly (95% confidence interval [46.3–57.1]). The lowest scores on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were for psychiatrists and psychologists (χ2 = 52.882, p = .000), women (χ2 = 6.393, p = .011), daytime shift workers (χ2 = 15.890, p = .0001), those who reported having dreams about the COVID-19 pandemic (χ2 = 16.001, p = .000) and those who had been in close contact with a suspected case of COVID-19 in the past month (χ2 = 10.269, p = .001). This study found that there has been a decline in the sleep quality of mental health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Mon, 06 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT
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Abstract: Word search and automated language processing methods for quantitative study of dreams are widely gaining traction over conventional coding methods such as Hall/Van de Castle (HVdC), which are laborious, subjective and take time to master. However, the word search lexica built using existing word search methods are often incomplete, prone to bias, suffer from narrow scope of observation, and are not replicable in non-English languages. This article presents an algorithm for semiautomatic lexicon building for analysis of dreams (SALAD) to automatically build comprehensive category dictionaries from a few initial seed words using lexical-semantic relations. We construct 41 such dictionaries using the proposed algorithm (SALAD) and quantitatively study three different sets of dreams (obtained from the publicly available DreamBank database): the male and female norm (normative) dreams of Hall & Van de Castle (1966) and a subject (Chris) with 100 dreams (1968). Chris’s dreams were also independently coded using the HVdC coding system. We evaluate and compare the results of Chris’s dreams against the results of male and female norms for both the SALAD and HVdC coding systems. We observe that the inferences drawn from SALAD are consistent with the inferences obtained from HVdC coding system. We finally discuss the strengths of SALAD by demonstrating the quality and coverage of the category dictionaries, its adaptability, and reduced time consumption (as compared with HVdC). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Mon, 06 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT
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Abstract: Chronic pain is highly related to poor sleep quality. However, there is still a lack of research concerning nightmares and pain in dreams of chronic pain patients. Previous research indicates that chronic pain patients have a high nightmare frequency and a high dream recall ability. Moreover, despite that pain in dreams has been reported rarely, chronic pain patients are assumed to report pain in dreams quite frequently. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of pain in dreams more deeply. For this purpose, a sample of patients with chronic pain disorder was investigated, including an age- and gender-matched control group. All participants kept a dream diary for 28 days and recorded their dream emotions and pain perception they had during their dreams. The patient group showed a significantly higher dream recall frequency and a significantly higher nightmare frequency than the control group. Moreover, patients reported more dreams including pain, whereas the control group seldom reported pain dreams. The intensity of pain in dreams was rated significantly higher for the patient group. According to these results, enhanced pain in waking-life continues in dreams. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 05 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT
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Abstract: Previous research consistently found a relationship between nightmares and insomnia. The aim of the current study was to investigate how nightmare proneness, a disposition to experience frequent nightmares partly reflecting hyperarousal, might influence this relationship among 339 university students. After controlling for gender, neuroticism, and negative response bias, mediation models found that nightmare proneness had direct relationships with insomnia markers. Nightmare frequency partially mediated nightmare proneness for difficulty initiating sleep, maintaining sleep, and returning to sleep after waking but not early morning wakenings. The results suggested that nightmare proneness directly influences insomnia markers outside of nightmare frequency, neuroticism, negative responding, and gender and partly influences difficulty initiating sleep, maintaining sleep, and returning to sleep after waking through nightmare occurrences. The findings provide additional evidence for a relationship between nightmares and insomnia and suggest that nightmare proneness could be a factor in this relationship. Suggestions for future research are offered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 21 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT
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Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has indiscriminately involved the whole world, producing a collective trauma that may have activated socially shared mental processes. It was hypothesized that the content of dreams could reflect a change in the way people are conceptualizing relationships, their environment, and the world in general after the emergency and the lockdown. We used data from “Dream Drawer,” a free online forum where people could read about others’ dreams or write about their own. Our sample consisted of 68 participants and 90 dreams. Most of them were students, and 85% of the participants were facing lockdown at home with families. To identify how dream content could reflect the impact of lockdowns, dreams were analyzed with the emotional text mining methodology. The analysis created a factorial space of 2 factors: “Relationship With the Outside” (between the containing and the losing) and “Relationship With the Inside” (between the processing and losing yourself). Each factor presents a symbolic and reflective dimension. In this space, there are 3 clusters (“holding,” “refind the other,” and “anguish defense”). The findings demonstrate that home isolation, which is portrayed in dreams as an extraordinary and novel event, appears to be the aspect of the pandemic that the unconscious has most exploited, detecting the activation of collective mental processes in dreams. Dreamwork could be the first step in beginning to process this collective catastrophic experience. The results of this research may be useful in determining collective changes in anxiety and distress. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 14 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT
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Abstract: Previous research indicated that dream variables such as dream recall, dream sharing, and nightmares are related to personality traits. However, the overall number of studies in this field is rather small, and this data set serves as a necessary replication. Overall, 819 persons (636 women, 183 men) with a mean age of 27.47 ± 9.32 years participated in an online survey. Findings indicated that dream recall was associated with openness to experience, nightmares mainly with neuroticism and—to a smaller extent—with openness to experience, and dream sharing with extraversion. As this pattern of findings is in line with previous research based on other measurement instruments and samples with different characteristics, this demonstrated the robustness of these relationships, supporting the lifestyle hypothesis of dream recall and the continuity hypothesis. Future research can aim at clarifying the causal links between personality characteristics and dream variables. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Mon, 14 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT
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Abstract: Synesthesia is a phenomenon in which the stimulation of 1 sensory modality automatically and consistently over time evokes a sensation in the same or a different modality in an idiosyncratic manner. In addition to pure sensory coupling, synesthetes are characterized by cognitive peculiarities, such as abnormalities in perception, creativity, advantages in vocabulary, and vivid imagery. The present work is concerned with the question of the extent to which synesthetes’ unusual perception is reflected in the dream state. Little is known about synesthetes’ dreaming behavior. Dreams are equated with the unconscious processing of the mind. An exception is a lucid dream, in which one is aware of their dreaming. In this dissociative state, it is possible to establish a connection to one’s waking reality, wake up in a targeted manner, and control dream actions. Through self-report measures, participants (N = 31 grapheme–color synesthetes; N = 32 nonsynesthetes) indicated their dream experiences and completed the Lucidity and Consciousness in Dreams scale. Synesthetes reported lucid dream experiences significantly more often than nonsynesthetes. Qualitative differences were not found between both groups’ lucid dreamers. The 2 groups of lucid dreamers reported a majority of highly frequented lucidity. In addition, an association was identified between the early onset of lucid dreaming and higher values of the Lucidity and Consciousness in Dreams scale. The results are discussed regarding the relevance of lucidity in synesthesia within the context of consciousness research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 10 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT
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Abstract: This study investigated whether indigenous Chinese personality traits bear on dream content across Hong Kong and Taiwanese people. The sample contained 100 Hong Kong and 103 Taiwanese participants, who were asked to complete the Self Versus Social Orientation, Family Orientation, Harmony, and Thrift Versus Extravagance scales of the Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory and provide a dream narrative using the Most Recent Dream Report. Each dream report was coded separately by 2 trained judges using Hall and Van de Castle’s content analysis system and Yu’s Dream Motif Scale. The overall findings indicate that the 4 indigenous Chinese personality attributes have dynamic implications for dream content. Specifically, people who are more harmonious or more family-oriented encounter fewer ego-centered themes, persecutory themes, and aggressive activities in their dreams. In addition, the positive association between the attribute of thrift and dream grandiosity seems to be stronger among Hong Kong individuals than among Taiwanese individuals. This can be explained by the shared Chinese culture but discrete historical backgrounds of Hong Kong and Taiwan. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 03 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT
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