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Abstract: Cultural factors must be considered in the study of Filipinos in the USA. More specifically, Indigenous Filipino culture, which forms the basis of the study of Sikolohiyang Pilipino, is important as it incorporates the spiritual beliefs and practices that continue to influence Filipinos’ conceptualization of illness and healing. Given the low mental health utilization rates of Filipino Americans, it is important to examine whether Indigenous Filipino Spirituality (IFS) may impact mental health help-seeking behaviors (MHSB). In addition to spirituality, history is another important cultural factor. The Philippines’ nearly 50-year American colonial rule contributed to a unique acculturation experience for Filipinos and a complex and confusing ethnic and cultural identity. Our study examined the impact of acculturation and value for integrating IFS into mental health treatment on MHSB. Recruitment and dissemination of the study questionnaire were conducted via email and social media platforms (i.e., Reddit, Facebook). In the sample of 294 Filipinos across 40 states, 96.1% (n = 268) reported as belonging to a Filipino ethnic group and 8.4% (n = 22) identified with belonging to an Indigenous Filipino tribe. Our results revealed that higher acculturation and higher value of integrating IFS into mental health treatment are both associated with higher MHSB. These findings emphasize considerations for cultural factors in the psychological study and mental health treatment of Filipinos. Incorporating culturally relevant factors such as spirituality and history into healing and treatment promotes much needed access to a culturally adapted mental health support for Filipinos in the USA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 16 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000293
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Abstract: The purpose of the present study is to examine Indian American women’s experience of work engagement and contributions of self-identity acceptance, mental health, and workplace diversity climate. We surveyed 99 Indian American women who lived in the United States since the age of 8 years old and who endorsed dual cultural identities as a South Asian American woman. The results show that self-identity acceptance is positively related to work engagement through mediation of mental health. Implications of these results for future research, theory, and practice are discussed toward understanding and enhancing Indian American women’s self-acceptance, mental health, and work engagement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Mon, 25 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000279
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Abstract: Research suggests that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is often used to improve general health and well-being. Asian Americans constitute the third-highest racial/ethnic group to use CAM and currently make up the largest group of new immigrants in the United States. However, little is known about the correlates of CAM among Asian Americans, presenting barriers to open communication with providers and integrative health care. The present study aimed to document beliefs associated with CAM, types of CAM used, and any differences across immigrant generation status. The study also examined whether acculturation predicted CAM-associated beliefs and CAM use among Asian Americans. In this cross-sectional study, participant demographics and immigrant generation status, CAM use, CAM-related beliefs, and level of acculturation were collected online via self-report measures from a sample of 329 Asian Americans, ages 20–70 years old. Results indicated that approximately 87% of Asian Americans used CAM. The most commonly held beliefs associated with CAM focused on promoting overall well-being. CAM-related beliefs and amount of use were not significantly different among immigrant generation levels. Acculturation, however, predicted both CAM-associated beliefs and use. Specifically, strong affiliations with either heritage culture or host culture predicted pro-CAM beliefs (p < .001). Higher acculturation to the host culture was associated with more CAM practices used (p < .01). Increased awareness of CAM beliefs and factors related to CAM use in Asian Americans may promote patient trust, improved communication, and enhanced care such that providers may be more equipped to screen for nonconventional practices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 14 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000290
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Abstract: The present study evaluated the antecedents of the successful aging model for Asian Americans. Current knowledge on Asian American aging is minimal, and research suggests many reasons to expect aging for Asian Americans to be different from what is often proposed in Eurocentric models of aging. However, due to a lack of large-scale panel data, few of these processes linking individual and social characteristics to successful aging have been empirically tested. An illustrative analysis of the successful aging model is presented using the few Asian Americans recruited in the Health and Retirement Study (N = 29,095; N = 466 Asian Americans; Mage = 60.87, SD = 11.53; 55.4% female). The present study tested the associations between predictors and outcomes of successful aging across two cultural subgroups (i.e., White and Asian American older adults). Asian Americans do not derive emotional and health benefits in the same fashion and from the same sources as White Americans. The results challenge the idea that Asian Americans age in the same fashion as White Americans. Future directions for research on Asian American aging and a call for more focused attention to the cultural context that shapes successful aging are provided. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 14 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000292
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Abstract: Refugees and forcibly displaced persons originally from Asia are a growing population facing distinctive stressors that impact individual mental health. Psychosocial interventions that are culturally appropriate for specific refugee communities are needed. Community-engaged interventions and research are an effective approach to designing and delivering culturally meaningful interventions to enhance refugee mental health. We conducted a systematic review of the available literature to assess: (a) how frequently Asian refugee communities participate and are engaged in psychosocial interventions, (b) the ways in which Asian refugee communities participate and are engaged (i.e., which phases of the intervention process), (c) the impact of community engagement in these psychosocial interventions, and (d) the barriers for Asian refugee communities participating in the intervention process. Of the 43 included studies, 36 reported community members participating in the intervention or research process, primarily in intervention delivery, data collection, intervention development, and/or participant recruitment and retention. However, only 25 of these studies engaged community members in ways that gave them influence over the intervention and/or research. Additionally, only one study involved community members in both the beginning stages of deciding the research question and the end stages of interpreting findings. We recommend intervention research include more community engagement, specifically including community members in the beginning and end stages of the intervention research process. Additionally, intervention researchers are encouraged to more explicitly detail how community members were involved, how they built and maintained a research relationship with community partners, and the challenges they and community members experienced conducting community-engaged research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 07 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000285
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Abstract: Acculturation is challenging for Chinese immigrant parents who have different linguistic and cultural experiences from their adolescent children. Yet, there is little research investigating the roles of acculturation and acculturation gap in the psychological adjustment of Chinese immigrant parents from economically disadvantaged backgrounds. The present study is the first study to simultaneously examine the impacts of Chinese immigrant parents’ acculturation, their adolescent children’s acculturation, and the parent–adolescent acculturation gap on the psychological adjustment of Chinese immigrant parents in a low-income context. This study includes 225 Chinese immigrant parents (Mage = 42.93, SD = 5.97; 77% females) in New York City Chinatowns and their middle and high school-aged adolescent children (Mage = 13.77, SD = 2.27; 46% female; 75% US-born). The parents completed questionnaires that assessed their own acculturation and their perception of their adolescent children’s acculturation regarding English proficiency, American cultural acquisition, Chinese proficiency, and Chinese cultural maintenance. The parents also reported their psychological adjustment regarding self-esteem, life satisfaction, and depression. Multivariate regression showed that higher parental self-esteem was associated with higher adolescents’ English proficiency and a smaller parent–adolescent gap in English proficiency. Higher parental life satisfaction was associated with higher parents’ English proficiency, higher adolescents’ English proficiency, and a smaller parent–adolescent gap in Chinese proficiency. Lower parental depression was associated with higher parents’ American cultural acquisition. This study highlights that both acculturation at the individual level and the acculturation gap at the family level have important impacts on the psychological adjustment of Chinese immigrant parents in a low-income context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 07 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000280
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Abstract: Eating disorders are a significant public health issue because of their potentially devastating medical and psychological consequences. Asian Americans tend not to utilize mental health services; thus, this qualitative study explored the factors contributing to Asian American women’s decisions to seek professional help for their disordered eating or body image concerns. We utilized grounded theory to allow meaning to emerge from the raw data and the Consensual Qualitative Research-Modified method for triangulation and trustworthiness with a team consensus approach. One hundred forty-three Asian American women aged 18–39 years with disordered eating or body image concerns responded to two open-ended questions in an online survey about their decisions to seek (or not seek) mental health services. Results revealed personal-, social-, structural-level barriers and two multilevel barriers—disordered eating literacy and stigma. Factors that facilitated mental health services utilization included family and social support, free counseling, and knowledge of adverse health impacts. Participants also engaged in alternative methods to manage their concerns, most notably trying to solve or manage the issues on their own. We conclude by discussing clinical implications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 07 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000270
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Abstract: The present study was designed to examine Asian American women’s shifting, a coping mechanism that includes altering or modifying one’s self-presentation to cope with racism-related stress. In particular, the relationship between Asian American ethnic identity, acculturation status, and racism-related stress was examined among Asian American women, to determine whether these hypothesized associations were mediated by shifting. A convenience sample of 483 Asian American adult women completed measures of acculturation, ethnic identity, racism-related stress, and shifting. Results of three structural equation models (full model with ethnic identity and acculturation as latent predictors and simplified models with each predictor examined separately) indicated partial mediation. Both ethnic identity and shifting positively predicted the outcome variable of racism-related stress; acculturation status was not a significant predictor of racism-related stress. These data extend our understanding of the shifting coping mechanism among Asian American women and the factors that are associated with racism-related stress. Implications for clinical work and future research are also discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 07 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000272
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Abstract: Guam is a small U.S. Territory in the Western Pacific. Research has shown that the Indigenous People of Guam, the CHamorus, have noticeable mental health symptoms. Only a small percent, however, was receiving professional psychological treatment. This study aims to determine if the relationship between public stigma and intent to seek mental health treatment is mediated by self-stigma and attitudes toward seeking mental health treatment. CHamoru participants (n = 111) were recruited from undergraduate classes at the public university as well as social media platforms such as Whatsapp, Facebook, and Instagram. To test the hypothesis that the total effect and the indirect effect of the mediation model are significant, an online survey was used. The results showed a significant indirect effect from the path of public stigma to self-stigma to attitudes toward seeking mental health treatment to intent to seek mental health treatment, β = −.11, 95% CI [−.19, −.04]. The total effect of the model was not significant. The findings indicate that high public stigma can lead to lower intent to seek mental health treatment for CHamorus but only through an indirect path of self-stigma and attitudes toward seeking mental health treatment. Future studies should expand the methodology and the cultural context of the findings in this study. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 07 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000286
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Abstract: In this study, we examined the effects of perceived discrimination and growth mindset in a sample of adolescents and parents who migrated from the countryside of China to the urban city of Beijing. A total of 179 Chinese migrant children (age M = 11.48, SD = 1.12) and their parents (age M = 38.86, SD = 6.61) completed measures of growth mindset, perceived discrimination, and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Results from the structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that perceived discrimination was associated with higher levels of child internalizing and externalizing problems. Growth mindset was not associated with lower levels of behavior problems. However, growth mindset of migrant children significantly buffered the negative effects of perceived discrimination on children internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Specifically, for children who endorsed higher levels of growth mindset, perceived discrimination was no longer associated with internalizing or externalizing behaviors. These findings highlight that growth mindset could be a protective factor for migrant children experiencing perceived discrimination. Implications for teachers, parents, clinicians, and immigrant children are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) PubDate: Thu, 07 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1037/aap0000288
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