 Subjects -> PSYCHOLOGY (Total: 983 journals)
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- Promotion of Psychological Well-Being and Life Satisfaction in
Pre-Adolescents Through Mindfulness Amidst COVID-19-
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Abstract: Objectives Mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) seem to be a popular way to develop pre-adolescents’ regulation abilities, psychological health, and life satisfaction, especially in difficult times. However, research into the effects of MBPs and factors influencing their effectiveness is still scarce and mixed. In the interest of understanding how MBPs can effectively be used to enhance pre-adolescents’ regulation abilities, psychological health, and life satisfaction, this study aimed (a) to analyze and compare the effects of two 16-week-MBPs with different implementation dosages and (b) to evaluate the moderating role of participants characteristics on MBP effects. Method During the COVID pandemic, we conducted this quasi-experimental study, in which we compared three groups of Portuguese sixth graders (n = 105): daily MBP group (one long plus four short lessons per week), weekly MBP group (one long lesson per week), and a control group receiving socioemotional instruction. In particular, we examined MBP effects on attentional control, emotion regulation, psychological distress, and life satisfaction. Also, we evaluated the moderating role of participants’ gender, age, socioeconomic status, and baseline status on these effects. Results In comparison to the other groups, the daily MBP showed lower expressive suppression and stress symptoms as well as higher life satisfaction. Moreover, both MBP groups reported greater cognitive reappraisal than the control group. While the effects of MBPs on emotion regulation were found to be moderated by gender, age, and baseline expressive suppression, no additional moderating effects were observed. Conclusions These findings support the perspective that MBPs can serve as a broad preventive strategy, effectively promoting pre-adolescents’ psychological health and life satisfaction during challenging times. Preregistration This study is not preregistered.
PubDate: 2023-12-01
- Hindering or Helping' User Preferences for Features of Recorded
Mindfulness Training-
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Abstract: Objectives Despite its numerous benefits, practicing mindfulness involves certain challenges. This study investigates the impact of various characteristics of recorded mindfulness practice instructions on recipients’ evaluations, focusing on elements that may evoke negative reactions and hinder mindfulness practice. Method A total of 138 participants evaluated 24 recordings of mindfulness practice excerpts. The recordings differed in terms of the speaker’s gender, the form and pace of the message, the presence of whispering, and the number of artifacts. Respondents rated each recording using a scale and provided open-ended responses about their subjective perception of the recordings. The study employed hierarchical multilevel modeling to analyze the collected data. Results The results indicated that recipient gender did not influence preferences for male or female-voiced recordings. However, properties such as form, pace, whispering, and artifacts did affect evaluations. Least favored instruction elements included plural pronouns, slow pacing, primarily whispered speech, and a high number of artifacts. Some differences in evaluations were observed between female and male recording conditions. Additionally, qualitative data revealed participants’ subjective reactions to recordings with varying characteristics, and the study identified the most favorable characteristics of the recordings. Conclusions The study results identified which qualities of recorded mindfulness instructions are least preferred and may present obstacles to initiating or continuing the practice. Therefore, this study may help create more optimal instructions and improve the design of apps and platforms offering mindfulness practice recordings, enhancing the quality and accessibility of practice for a broader audience. Preregistration This study is not preregistered.
PubDate: 2023-12-01
- The Roles of Self-Compassion and Self-Coldness in the Relationships
Between Inferiority and Stress and Anxiety Among Gifted Adolescents-
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Abstract: Objectives The literature indicates a need to better understand the psychological mechanisms underlying gifted adolescents’ stress and anxiety. This study aimed to reveal if the two distinct dimensions of the self-compassion construct, self-coldness, and self-compassion had mediating roles in the potential relationship between inferiority feelings and anxiety and stress experiences of gifted adolescents. Methods Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted using the cross-sectional data including a Turkish sample of 644 gifted adolescents (334 females and 310 males) aged between 14 and 18 (M = 15.89, SD = 1.00). Results The results support that inferiority feelings are linked to greater anxiety through lower self-compassion and higher self-coldness. However, the indirect effect is much stronger through self-coldness than through self-compassion. Moreover, inferiority feelings are linked to higher stress levels only through higher self-coldness. Conclusions The findings not only emphasize that feeling inferior is associated with poorer mental health in gifted adolescents, but they also show that how gifted adolescents react to their feelings of inferiority, whether with self-compassion or self-coldness, plays an important role in the relationship between inferiority and mental health. By distinguishing between self-coldness and self-compassion, the results of this study can assist parents, researchers, and practitioners in improving their approach to addressing mental health issues among gifted adolescents. Preregistration This study is not preregistered.
PubDate: 2023-11-30
- Making Mindfulness Meditation a Healthy Habit
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Abstract: Objectives The benefits of mindfulness meditation can only be achieved if it is practiced, but health behavior research tells us that initiating and maintaining long-term behavior change is difficult. We propose that mindfulness meditation can be usefully viewed as a health behavior and that this perspective generates insights into how individuals can be supported to develop a healthy habit of mindfulness practice. Method We synthesize health behavior models with research on mindfulness practice and with mindfulness curricula to develop the Sussex Mindfulness MEDitation (SuMMed) model. This new theoretical model of mindfulness meditation as a health behavior outlines the stages individuals progress through as they develop a sustained habit of meditation and the processes that facilitate transition between these stages. We contextualize these processes within existing curricula and outline how they could be further supported. Results Our model generates a roadmap for future research as well as practical suggestions tailored to individuals at different stages of behavior change. In particular, our model highlights the need to support individuals to continue practice beyond formal instruction, and suggests how maintenance of a meditation habit could be facilitated. Conclusions Mindfulness meditation can be viewed as a health behavior, and understanding mindfulness practice through this lens can help bridge the challenges associated with developing and sustaining mindfulness practice.
PubDate: 2023-11-28
- Self-Compassion and Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms in a Non-Clinical
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Abstract: Objectives The goal of the present study was to investigate the hypothesized complex interactions between dimensions of self-compassion and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCD) in a non-clinical sample. Method Four hundred and twenty-four individuals (273 women) ranging in age from 18 to 83 years (M = 41.00; SD = 14.50) participated in the cross-sectional survey. The participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) and the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory—Revised (OCI-R). Results Certain dimensions of self-compassion were found to be associated with specific OCD symptoms, with positive dimensions (except Common humanity) correlating with reduced Obsessing, Hoarding, and Ordering, and negative dimensions correlating with all OCD symptoms. Canonical correlation analysis indicated three significant linkages: (1) between Isolation, Over-identification, and Obsessing, (2) between Self-judgment, Over-identification, Ordering, and Checking, and (3) between Self-judgment and Neutralizing. Exploratory graph analysis challenged the structure of the SCS and the OCI-R, suggesting two dimensions of self-compassion, compassionate self-reference and uncompassionate self-reference; and two dimensions of OCD, obsessing and other OCD symptoms. The Obsessing subscale appeared as a bridge between uncompassionate self-reference and OCD symptoms. Compassionate self-reference was negatively correlated with uncompassionate self-reference and obsessing, whereas uncompassionate self-reference was positively correlated with obsessing and OCD symptoms. Conclusions Investigation of the associations between self-compassion and psychopathology should avoid aggregating the uncompassionate and compassionate dimensions of self-compassion. The significant associations in the network of self-compassion and OCD symptoms were between uncompassionate self-reference, obsessing, and OCD symptoms. Preregistration This study is not pre-registered.
PubDate: 2023-11-27
- Early Buddhist Meditation, Part 1: The Immeasurables
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PubDate: 2023-11-27
- Correction to: Making, Unmaking, and Discovering Buddhahood: Three
Paradigms of the Relationship Between Meditation and Ethics-
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PubDate: 2023-11-22
- Which Meditation Technique for Whom' An Experimental Single-Case Study
Comparing Concentrative, Humming, Observing-Thoughts, and Walking
Meditation-
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Abstract: Objectives Meditation encompasses a variety of techniques, but little is known on how and for whom they work. This study explored potential mechanisms of four different meditation techniques in beginners and which technique might be suited for whom. Method Using an experimental single-case design, we compared the longitudinal effects of concentrative, humming, observing-thoughts, and walking meditation. Forty-four healthy participants without meditation experience were randomly assigned to one of the four techniques and 42 completed the treatment. Following a baseline period of 2 to 4 weeks, participants learned and practiced their technique 20 min daily for 6 to 8 weeks and completed daily online questionnaires throughout the entire study period. At pretest, we assessed participants’ motivation and personality. We analyzed the data visually and by conducting single-case meta-analyses, correlation, and multivariate analyses. Results Body awareness, decentering, and emotion regulation improved reliably and continuously over time, for all four techniques. Thus, these processes could represent common mechanisms for novice meditators. Walking meditation led to the smallest improvements in decentering and mind-wandering, but the highest in body awareness and emotion regulation. Individuals varied in response to the treatment. The two “classic” techniques (concentration, observing-thoughts) led to more consistently positive multivariate response patterns and to better responses in participants high in neuroticism. In contrast, those high in extraversion benefitted more from the two unusual ones (humming, walking). We additionally observed interesting interactions with different motivational reasons. Conclusions With this study, we hope to contribute to theory building and answering two urgent questions—what the key mechanisms of meditation are and who benefits most from what kind of practice.
PubDate: 2023-11-20
- Early Buddhist Meditation, Part 3: The Establishments of Mindfulness
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PubDate: 2023-11-20
- Mindfulness and Anxiety Among Foreign Language Teachers: The Role of
Cognitive Reappraisal and Self-Efficacy-
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Abstract: Objectives Mindfulness has been associated with decreased psychological distress, yet little is known about the possible links between mindfulness and anxiety among foreign language teachers, as well as the potential intervening variables explaining these links. The aim of this study thus was to investigate the contribution of self-efficacy (SE) and emotion-regulation strategy of cognitive reappraisal (CR) in explaining the potential association between mindfulness and foreign language teaching anxiety (FLTA) as experienced during the preparation and execution of language learning activities and while speaking in the foreign language. Method The participants were 245 foreign language teachers. The required data were collected via self-reported scales. Structural equation modeling was employed for conducting the main analyses. Results The findings indicated that intrapersonal mindfulness could positively predict CR and SE and negatively predict FLTA. However, interpersonal mindfulness in teaching predicted only CR and SE, not FLTA. SE and CR also negatively predicted FLTA. Further, the results of mediation analyses demonstrated that both mindfulness components were indirectly linked to FLTA via the mediation of SE. Conclusion Foreign language teaching can be a daunting and anxiety-inducing experience for teachers. Considering the findings of this study, teacher educators, administrators, and supervisors should be aware of the benefits of CR and SE in managing FLTA. It is also warranted to integrate mindfulness training into teacher education programs in order to improve foreign language teachers' self-efficacy and emotion regulation, thereby mitigating their anxiety.
PubDate: 2023-11-20
- Implicitly Activating Mindfulness: Does Trait Self-Control Moderate its
Effect on Aggressive Behaviour'-
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Abstract: Objectives Previous research shows that a novel experimental paradigm consisting of implicitly activating (“priming”) concepts associated with mindfulness through a scrambled sentence task yields positive social effects on cognition and affect. Yet, the effects of this paradigm on social behaviour warrant further investigation. As several studies link mindfulness to lower aggression, aggression represents a promising candidate to investigate within the current paradigm. Furthermore, research has demonstrated that personality traits—such as trait mindfulness—moderate the effect of the mindfulness prime, highlighting the importance of identifying potential moderators. Method In an exploratory Study 1, we investigated which of several personality variables most meaningfully related to the priming mindfulness procedure. In confirmatory follow-up studies, we attempted to replicate those results using the same methodology but using larger samples and only a few measures of interest (Study 2) or additional measures (Study 3). Results Self-control emerged as the only meaningful moderator of the effect of the mindfulness prime on behaviour. Accordingly, we specifically tested the interaction between self-control and the mindfulness priming procedure in the two follow-up studies. The findings regarding the role of self-control from the first study did not replicate in the subsequent studies. Conclusions Despite promising initial results, our confirmatory follow-up findings suggest that trait self-control does not moderate the effect of implicitly activating mindfulness on aggressive behaviour. Preregistration Study 1 was not preregistered. Studies 2 and 3 were preregistered on OSF: https://osf.io/582wx/ and https://osf.io/w46r9/.
PubDate: 2023-11-17
- Early Buddhist Meditation, Part 2: Nondual Mindfulness
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PubDate: 2023-11-17
- Efficacy and Implementation of Stress-Reduction Interventions for
Underserved Families of Autistic Preschoolers Across In-Person and Virtual
Modalities-
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Abstract: Objectives Parents of autistic children experience elevated stress relative to parents of children with neurotypical development and children with other intellectual and developmental disabilities. Adverse effects of parenting stress on parent, child, and family functioning may be especially heightened for marginalized families. We conducted a randomized controlled trial that demonstrated the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) relative to psychoeducational support (PE) for reducing stress in diverse and underserved parents of autistic preschoolers. This paper presents implementation data, and examines efficacy across in-person and virtual intervention modalities. Method Primary caregivers (n = 117; 91% female, 51% Latinx, 44% income < US $50,000) of 3- to 5-year-old autistic children (80% male, 68% with intellectual disability) were randomly assigned to MBSR (n = 59, 46% virtual) or PE (n = 58, 41% virtual). Assessments were conducted at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at 6 and 12 months post-intervention. Results Both MBSR and PE demonstrated strong feasibility, acceptability, and utility for our diverse families. Comparable efficacy was observed across modalities. However, attendance was significantly better for virtual groups than for in-person groups. Parents participating in virtual MBSR also reported less difficulty completing homework and utilizing learned skills in everyday life than did in-person MBSR participants. Conclusions MBSR and PE appear feasible, acceptable, and efficacious for diverse and underserved parents of young autistic children. Preliminary evidence of comparable efficacy across virtual and in-person modalities indicates the potential to expand access to vital stress-reduction interventions through use of telehealth technology. Preregistration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03459625.
PubDate: 2023-11-14
- Do Not Keep Calm and Carry on: School-Based Mindfulness Programmes Should
Test Making Mindfulness Practice Available in the School Day-
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Abstract: Abstract Recently, the largest test of a school-based mindfulness programme to date, the My Resilience In Adolescence (MYRIAD) trial, found that participating in weekly mindfulness lessons did not improve students’ well-being compared to teaching as usual, with low uptake of recommended home mindfulness practice. One potential explanation for the null result and low uptake is that adolescents might be unlikely to adhere to home mindfulness practice recommendations when choosing between mindfulness and their graded homework or more stimulating activities. Indeed, many studies of school-based mindfulness programmes have reported low adherence to home practice recommendations. Home practice recommendations also create equity issues, as many students may find it difficult to make the time for home mindfulness practice, a factor that is more likely to affect students who are disadvantaged. As such, we argue in this article that research needs to test whether school-based mindfulness programmes that make mindfulness practice time available in the school day result in higher adherence to mindfulness practice recommendations, and whether these programmes are effective at improving student mental health. Unfortunately, very little research has examined how much mindfulness practice is required to obtain meaningful effects. We summarise the small volume of mindfulness dose-response literature to provide guidelines for how much school-based mindfulness practice might be sufficient and provide suggestions for further testing. While making mindfulness practice time available in the school day may be difficult to implement, its efficacy is currently untested. Youth mental health remains a critical issue, providing strong justification for testing whether mindfulness practice made available in the school day results in better outcomes, despite the challenges posed in pursuing this research avenue.
PubDate: 2023-11-10
- Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Program on
Stress, Anxiety, and Prenatal Attachment for High-Risk Pregnant Women: A
Randomized Controlled Trial-
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Abstract: Objective The present study was conducted to examine the effects of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Program on stress, anxiety, and prenatal attachment of the high-risk pregnant women. Method This randomized controlled study was conducted with 94 high-risk pregnant women (48 participants in the experimental group, 46 participants in the control group). In the study, the experimental group underwent an eight-session MBSR program, consisting of two sessions per week for a total duration of 1 month. Data of the study were collected with the Prenatal Distress Questionnaire-Revised (NuPDQ), Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQR2), and Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI). Results After the intervention, the PRAQR2 total mean score in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the PAI total mean score in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the groups in the NuPDQ total mean score (p > 0.05). Conclusions It was determined that the MBSR program applied to high-risk pregnant women decreased anxiety levels, increased prenatal attachment levels, and did not affect stress levels of the pregnant women. Health professionals may consider the MBSR program for high-risk pregnant women as a means by which to improve their pregnancy outcomes. Preregistration NCT05317065.
PubDate: 2023-11-09
- Making, Unmaking, and Discovering Buddhahood: Three Paradigms of the
Relationship Between Meditation and Ethics-
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Abstract: Abstract This article maps out three broad approaches to understanding the relationship between ethical behavior and meditation in examples of classical Buddhist literature. It then traces these approaches to the contemporary period, where they are echoed in modern articulations of meditation and mindfulness. I refer to these approaches as constructivist, deconstructivist, and innateist, or alternatively, making, unmaking, and discovering Buddhahood. The constructivist approach suggests that one cultivates and reinforces the qualities and virtues of a Buddha through meditation, along with abandoning those contrary to it. Meditation is also used to help fashion and reinforce a distinctively Buddhist lifeworld. The second approach is the deconstructivist move prominent in some Mahāyāna literature. In this attitude, the fundamental insight of emptiness (śūnyatā), the idea that nothing has independent, permanent, or enduring self-existence (svabhāva), supersedes all else, and meditation is not about cultivating virtues, but about deconstructing fixed concepts, reifications, and views. The third paradigm is the “innateist” model, which asserts that all qualities of the Buddha are already present in everyone; therefore, there is no need to cultivate them. Several contemporary approaches to Buddhist and Buddhist-derived meditation practice reflect these approaches as well as the tensions between them. These include meditation practices influenced by debates on the status of mental and emotional states in cognitive science, others influenced by a combination of Zen innateism and Romanticism, and innovative reinterpretations of the relationship between meditation and ethics by contemporary teachers like Thich Nhat Hanh. Buddhist traditions have crafted a dizzying array of meditative practices over many centuries and across several distinct cultures. Virtually all of them have explicit or implicit connections to Buddhist understandings of “right behavior,” and Buddhist scriptures and commentary often reiterate the intimacy and mutual dependence of meditation and ethical conduct (śīla). However, the way this connection is understood is not entirely consistent across different traditions. Perhaps the most obvious relationship between these two complicated realms is that morality is considered preparatory to meditation. Proper meditation cannot be achieved if one is plagued by guilt and remorse; therefore, one must have one’s moral house in order before attempting to embark on a serious contemplative practice. A number of textual resources suggest this sequential approach, and it is undoubtedly a central pillar of traditional understanding. However, I aim to map out three other ways of construing the relationship between ethics and meditation, which I refer to as the constructivist, deconstructivist, and innateist approaches or, alternatively, making, unmaking, and discovering Buddhahood. John Dunne (2015) initially proposed the distinction between constructivist and innateist meditation; I aim to further develop and refine these concepts while adding the intermediate term, deconstructivist. The constructivist approach suggests that one cultivates the qualities and virtues of a Buddha not only before but also through meditation, along with abandoning those that are contrary to pursuing awakening. Another aspect of the constructivist approach is that it uses meditation to help fashion and reinforce a lifeworld—a broad way of interpreting and inhabiting the world, in this case, a distinctively Buddhist lifeworld. The second approach to the relationship between ethics and meditation is the deconstructivist stance, which is prominent in some Mahāyāna literature. In this attitude, the fundamental insight into emptiness (śūnyatā), the idea that nothing has independent, permanent, or enduring self-existence (svabhāva), supersedes all else, and meditation becomes a matter not of cultivating virtues but of deconstructing fixed concepts, reifications, and substantialist views. The third approach is the “innateist” perspective, asserting that all qualities of the Buddha—including moral virtues—are already present in everyone, and therefore, there is no need to cultivate them. Meditation becomes a matter of uncovering this pre-existing, innate Buddha-nature. I want to examine these three general tendencies in Buddhist meditation traditions, each of which configures the relationship of meditation to ethics in particular ways; then I consider a few ways these approaches carry over into contemporary Buddhist and Buddhist-derived meditation and mindfulness practices. These three ways of imagining the relationship between meditation and ethics are not necessarily exclusive; they overlap to some extent, and there may be elements of all three in some approaches. They are also not comprehensive—across the many centuries of Buddhist traditions inhabiting different cultural spheres, there may well be more than these three attitudes. I primarily focus on these because they are prominent in Buddhist meditation literature and relevant to contemporary meditation and mindfulness practices.
PubDate: 2023-11-03
- Cognitive and Somatic Mediators of the Effects of Trait Mindfulness on
Mental Health Adjustment Following Bereavement-
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Abstract: Objectives Evidence is lacking for trait mindfulness as a longitudinal protective factor following bereavement and other stressful life events. This study aimed to determine whether trait mindfulness predicted better mental health adjustment (i.e., decreased distress and greater positive states of mind) in young adults following the recent loss of a loved one. This study also examined cognitive (e.g., intrusive and deliberate thoughts) and somatic (e.g., sleep disturbance) processes as possible underlying mechanisms linking trait mindfulness to mental health consequent to bereavement. Method Recently-bereaved undergraduate students (n = 117) completed questionnaires evaluating multifaceted aspects of mental health adjustment following their loss at three time points (T1: baseline, T2: 3 weeks, T3: 6 weeks). Results Trait mindfulness significantly predicted reduced distress symptoms (i.e., anxiety, depression, and stress) and increased positive states of mind over time. Trait mindfulness significantly impacted mental health following loss indirectly through its effect on sleep disturbance, but it had no significant indirect effects through intrusive or deliberate thoughts. Conclusions Trait mindfulness may be a key protective factor for young adults who experience highly stressful events. Findings underscore the importance of sleep disturbance as a critical factor linking trait mindfulness and mental health adjustment consequent to bereavement. This study contributes to our understanding of risk and resilience factors following loss, which can also inform targeted mindfulness-based interventions as well as future studies to eventually establish causal pathways between trait mindfulness and mental health consequent to bereavement. Preregistration This study was not preregistered.
PubDate: 2023-11-02
- What Do (and Don’t) We Know About Self-Compassion' Trends and Issues in
Theory, Mechanisms, and Outcomes-
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Abstract: Objectives While self-compassion is increasingly being researched, a clear understanding of what self-compassion is, how it works, and for which outcomes remains elusive. This article summarizes and critically evaluates current theoretical and empirical trends in the self-compassion literature. We provide directions for future research to support a more comprehensive understanding of self-compassion. Method This paper systematically evaluates issues in three interrelated areas: (1) over-reliance on a particular conceptualization of self-compassion, (2) a narrow focus on the affective mechanisms as per the general resource model of self-regulation, and (3) the prioritization of intrapersonal outcomes over inter-personal outcomes. Results Our analysis suggests that current understandings of what self-compassion is and how it impacts outcomes are limited in several ways. Firstly, self-compassion is almost exclusively operationalized using the Self Compassion Scale, inadvertently constraining how we think about this complex construct. Secondly, a heavy emphasis remains on unmeasured changes in “general resources” as explanatory, while more specific pathways beyond affectivity or resource management are rarely considered. Lastly, intrapersonal outcomes are prioritized over interpersonal or social outcomes, which restricts our understanding of the broader benefits of self-compassion. Conclusions To address the limitations, we suggest embracing and assessing multiple conceptualizations of self-compassion, empirically testing a wider range of plausible mediators, and investigating a broader range of outcomes, including those in both interpersonal and social spheres. Ongoing consideration of such issues will facilitate our empirical and theoretical understanding of self-compassion, enabling us to adapt more efficient interventions to benefit a wider group of individuals and our society at large.
PubDate: 2023-11-01
- Correction to: Increases in External Sensory Observing Cross‑Sectionally
Mediate the Repair of Positive Affect Following Mindfulness‑Based
Cognitive Therapy in Individuals with Residual Depression Symptoms-
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PubDate: 2023-10-19
- Mindfulness Interventions and Surveys as Tools for Positive Emotional
Regulation During COVID-19: A Scoping Review-
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Abstract: Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has caused high mortality rates worldwide, as well as consequent psychological and physical stress. The present study aimed to review the main existing scientific research studies conducted since the onset of the COVID-19 that have used mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) as tools for emotional regulation, aiming to improve individuals’ ability to cope with general stress caused by pandemic periods and their consequences (e.g., contagion, confinement, loss of loved ones or job stability) especially related with anxiety, stress, depression, or emotional dysregulation. Method To this aim, six databases (i.e., PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct) were consulted and analyzed following PRISMA-Sc guidelines. Results Of the 16 studies selected, 7 are clinical trials that used MBIs, and 9 are online surveys in which mindfulness and emotional regulation variables were assessed to explore their interrelations. Generally, the analysis suggested that the cultivation of MBI strategies for treating anxiety and depression during COVID-19 confinement periods resulted in improved psychological well-being. Conclusions MBI techniques can be considered useful intervention tools in current and future worldwide changing situations, in which personal development and resilience should be considered an urgent issue for both educational and preventive health practices. Conversely, there are also some limitations that arose from the field of MBI research that hopefully might be addressed in future research (such as the diversity of intervention techniques used across studies). Pre registration This study is not preregistered.
PubDate: 2023-10-19
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