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Authors:Joelle Fingerhut, Mariola Moeyaert, Rumen Manolov, Xinyun Xu, Kyung Hyun Park Abstract: Behavior Modification, Ahead of Print. There are currently a multitude of quantification techniques that have been developed for use with single-case designs. As a result, choosing an appropriate quantification technique can be overwhelming and it can be difficult for researchers to properly describe and justify their use of quantification techniques. However, providing clear descriptions and justifications is important for enhancing the credibility of single-case research, and allowing others to evaluate the appropriateness of the quantification technique used. The aim of this systematic literature review is to provide an overview of the quantification techniques that are used to analyze single-case designs, with a focus on the descriptions and justifications that are provided. A total of 290 quantifications occurred across 218 articles, and the descriptions and justifications that were provided for the quantification techniques that were used are systematically examined. Results show that certain quantification techniques, such as the non-overlap indices, are more commonly used. Descriptions and justifications provided for using the quantification techniques are sometimes vague or subjective. Single-case researchers are encouraged to complement visual analysis with the use of quantification techniques for which they can provide objective and appropriate descriptions and justifications, and are encouraged to use tools to guide their choice of quantification techniques. Citation: Behavior Modification PubDate: 2023-05-31T06:08:01Z DOI: 10.1177/01454455231178469
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Authors:Linda J. Cooper-Brown Abstract: Behavior Modification, Ahead of Print.
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Authors:Madison P. McCall, Margaret T. Anton, April Highlander, Raelyn Loiselle, Rex Forehand, Olga Khavjou, Deborah J. Jones Abstract: Behavior Modification, Ahead of Print. Behavior disorders (BDs) are common and, without treatment, can have long-term impacts on child and family health. Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) is the standard of care intervention for early-onset BDs; however, structural socioeconomic barriers hinder treatment outcomes for low-income families. While digital technologies have been proposed as a mechanism to improve engagement in BPT, research exploring the relationship between technology use and outcomes is lacking. Thus, this study with 34 low-income families examined the impact of parents’ use of adjunctive mobile app components on treatment efficiency in one technology-enhanced (TE-) BPT program, Helping the Noncompliant Child (HNC). While parent use of the TE-HNC app and its impact on the efficiency of service delivery varied across specific components, increased app use significantly reduced the number of weeks required for families to achieve skill mastery. Implications for the design and development of behavior intervention technologies in general, as well as for BPT in particular, are discussed. Citation: Behavior Modification PubDate: 2023-04-22T11:28:15Z DOI: 10.1177/01454455231165937
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Authors:Marta Wójcik, Svein Eikeseth, Fillip Ferreira Eikeseth, Ewa Budzinska, Anna Budzinska Abstract: Behavior Modification, Ahead of Print. This study evaluated the effects of a center-based Intensive Behavioral Intervention (IBI) model for preschool aged children with autism. Outcomes of 25 children receiving IBI was compared to the outcomes of 14 children receiving autism specific, eclectic, special education. Both provisions were described as appropriate treatment options by the professional agency who diagnosed the children, and the decision of where to enroll the child was made by the parents after consultations with the specialists. After 14 months of treatment, children from the IBI group improved significantly on standard scores in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior and had a significant reduction in autism severity compared to the children in the autism specific, eclectic, special education group. Results suggest that preschool aged children with autism may make large gains in intellectual and adaptive functioning and improvement in autism severity with IBI, and that effects of IBI may be similar to that of EIBI. These findings must be interpreted with caution due to the limitations inherent in the present comparison-controlled design. Citation: Behavior Modification PubDate: 2023-04-14T05:37:44Z DOI: 10.1177/01454455231165934
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Authors:Rianne Hornstra, Patrick Onghena, Barbara J. van den Hoofdakker, Lianne van der Veen-Mulders, Marjolein Luman, Anouck I. Staff, Saskia van der Oord Abstract: Behavior Modification, Ahead of Print. Behavioral parent training (BPT) is an evidence-based treatment for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Stimulus control techniques (antecedent-based techniques, e.g., clear rules, instructions) and contingency management techniques (consequent-based techniques, e.g., praise, ignore) are the most common ones that are being taught to parents in BPT. However, research into the additive effects of these techniques is scarce. In this replicated single-case experimental ABC phase design, including six children on stable medication for ADHD (8–11 years) and their parents, the added efficacy of consequent-based techniques on top of antecedent-based techniques was evaluated. After a baseline period (phase A), we randomized the commencement time of two sessions parent training in antecedent-based techniques and two sessions parent training in consequent-based techniques for each child. Children’s behaviors were assessed by daily parent ratings of selected problem behaviors and an overall behavior rating. Although visual inspection showed that behavior improved for most children in both phases, randomization tests did not demonstrate the added efficacy of the consequent-based techniques on top of the antecedent-based techniques. Limitations of the study and recommendations for future single-case experiments in this population are discussed. Citation: Behavior Modification PubDate: 2023-04-14T05:34:24Z DOI: 10.1177/01454455231162003
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Authors:Lauren N. Layman, Lacey C. Ray, Kevin M. Ayres, Joel E. Ringdahl Abstract: Behavior Modification, Ahead of Print. Disruptive behaviors such as elopement, calling-out, and aggression are often a major barrier to instruction in preschool classrooms. One widely used class-wide behavior management system is Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT). To date, we could only locate two studies on CW-FIT used in preschool settings which found a therapeutic change in on-task behavior as well rates of teacher praise, teacher reprimands, student socials skills, and student problem behaviors. The current study used a withdrawal design to also evaluate the effectiveness of Tier 1 CW-FIT on on-task student behavior and teacher praise and reprimand behavior in a preschool setting during both large and small group activities. Results suggested that the implementation of the Tier 1 components of CW-FIT increased on-task group behavior in both settings. Results for rates of teacher’s praise and reprimand statements were variable. Citation: Behavior Modification PubDate: 2023-01-17T05:46:18Z DOI: 10.1177/01454455221149334
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Authors:Eunkyeng Baek, Wen Luo, Kwok Hap Lam Abstract: Behavior Modification, Ahead of Print. Multilevel modeling (MLM) is an approach for meta-analyzing single-case experimental designs (SCED). In this paper, we provide a step-by-step guideline for using the MLM to meta-analyze SCED time-series data. The MLM approach is first presented using a basic three-level model, then gradually extended to represent more realistic situations of SCED data, such as modeling a time variable, moderators representing different design types and multiple outcomes, and heterogeneous within-case variance. The presented approach is then illustrated using real SCED data. Practical recommendations using the MLM approach are also provided for applied researchers based on the current methodological literature. Available free and commercial software programs to meta-analyze SCED data are also introduced, along with several hands-on software codes for applied researchers to implement their own studies. Potential advantages and limitations of using the MLM approach to meta-analyzing SCED are discussed. Citation: Behavior Modification PubDate: 2023-01-17T05:43:36Z DOI: 10.1177/01454455221144034
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