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Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.327  Citation Impact (citeScore): 1 Number of Followers: 10  Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)ISSN (Print) 1562-692X - ISSN (Online) 1063-7788 Published by Springer-Verlag  [2468 journals]
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- Cast Lead–Polystyrene Spaghetti Type Calorimeter for LHCb ECAL
Upgrade II-
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Abstract: The LHCb Upgrade phase II conditions require a significant change of the detector systems including the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), which must be capable to sustain high radiation doses in the innermost region and provide good time resolution. The central part of the ECAL will be substituted by spaghetti calorimeter (SPACAL). This paper presents the results of the first cast lead–polystyrene SPACAL prototypes studies performed at the CERN SPS and DESY test beam areas.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Study of the Second Order Azimuthal Anisotropy for $${\pi^{0}}$$ Mesons in
Cu $${+}$$ Au Collisions at $${\sqrt{S_{{NN}}}=200}$$ GeV-
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Abstract: One of the main purposes of high-energy physics is the investigation of the properties of extremely hot and dense state of nuclear matter in which quarks and gluons are deconfined. Such state is called quark–gluon plasma. A crucial observable characterizing collective effects in the first stage of the formation and expansion of quark–gluon plasma is the hadronic elliptic flow. The ability to analyze the influence of the elliptic flow on the asymmetric system’s initial geometry is made possible by the measurements of the elliptic flow in Cu \(+\) Au collisions. Since neutral pions ( \(\pi^{0}\) ) consist of the first-generation (anti)quarks ( \(u,d\) ), they are produced abundantly, and their productions are well-measurable at high values of transverse momentum. Hence, measuring the elliptic flow for \(\pi^{0}\) mesons is thought to be a useful method for studying the quark–gluon plasma’s properties. This research examines the elliptic flow for \(\pi^{0}\) mesons in Cu \(+\) Au collision system at \(\sqrt{s}_{NN}=200\) GeV as a function of transverse momentum.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Antineutron Reconstruction and Identification in Electromagnetic
Calorimeter-
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Abstract: The ALICE experiment at the LHC is designed to explore the hot and dense medium produced in heavy-ion collisions, the so-called quark–gluon plasma (QGP). Antineutron production is a poorly explored domain of high energy physics, although it is interesting in the context of hadrons decaying into antineutrons, the interaction of antineutrons with hadrons, and searching for bound states of antineutrons. We present a method for measuring antineutrons by the electromagnetic calorimeter PHOS of the ALICE experiment. An antineutron can be identified by the cluster shape and the energy deposition in the calorimeter, and its momentum can be reconstructed using the time-of-flight information. The proposed method was verified via the reconstruction of \(\bar{\Sigma}^{\pm}\) through decays \(\bar{\Sigma}^{+}\rightarrow\bar{n}\pi^{+}\) and \(\bar{\Sigma}^{-}\rightarrow\bar{n}\pi^{-}\) with an antineutron identified in the PHOS.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Analysis of the Third Harmonic of a Vacuum Response in a Subcritical Laser
Field-
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Abstract: We investigate a nonlinear response of the physical vacuum by the example of the third harmonic in radiation of the electron–positron–photon plasma excited by a strong time dependent electric field at the focus spot of counterpropagating laser pulses. The investigation was developed within the framework of the Bogoliubov–Born–Green–Kirkwood–Yvon kinetic theory nonperturbatively describing vacuum creation of the quasiparticle electron–positron plasma (EPP) and different channels of its interaction with the photon subsystem in the single-photon approximation that are opened in the presence of a strong semiclassical field. We investigate the radiation of EPP in the annihilation channel on the basis of the well known approximations and compare the obtained result with the semiclassical radiation of the plasma oscillations. In the high-frequency range for large adiabaticity parameter the quantum radiation dominates in comparison with the semiclassical one.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Testbeam Measurements and Realistic Simulation for the SPD Straw Drift
Tubes-
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Abstract: Trackers built of straw drift tubes are a perfect solution for precise track measurements in High Energy and Neutrino Physics experiments operating at low and moderate event rate. Straw Trackers will play crucial roles in such future detectors as Near-Detector Complex of the DUNE experiment, Hidden Sector Detector of the SHiP experiment and the NICA SPD detector. Performance requirements on a Tracker and its readout electronics are defined by the Physics goals. Proper evaluation of the designed Tracker performance demands realistic simulation and studies with tracker prototypes. Preliminary results of the muon beam measurements done with straw tube chambers at the CERN SPS test beam line are compared to predictions obtained with GARFIELD simulation package interfaced to LTSpice program for electronics circuit modeling.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Estimation of the Influence of the Electric Field Nonuniformity on the
Error of Reconstructed Coordinates of Events in the ReD TPC-
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Abstract: In this work a simulation of the electron drift which accounts for diffusion for different configurations of the electric field for the ReD detector has been carried out. An estimate of the reconstruction error of the event coordinates, caused both by nonuniformity of the field and by the focusing of electrons as they pass through the detector grid, is obtained.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Machine Learning Application for Particle Identification in MPD
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Abstract: This work presents results of the first tests of machine learning application using gradient boosting on oblivious decision trees to particle identification problem in Multi Purpose Detector (MPD) experiment on Nuclotron based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. Categorical boosting (CatBoost) implementation of a gradient boosting on decision trees has been used. Particle identification was based on the information provided by the time projection chamber (TPC) and the time-of-flight (TOF) subdetectors. In the study three various Monte-Carlo datasets of measurements from TPC and TOF were simulated and used within CatBoost classifiers training and testing. The comparison was made with the \(n\) -sigma method which is currently used at MPD software. Gradient boosting shows better efficiency in case of small and large momentum values ( \(p<0.7\) GeV \(/c\) and \(p>1.5\) GeV \(/c\) ). This demonstrated that machine learning methods are well suited to address the particle identification problem in MPD experiment.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Data Acquisition System of the TPC/MPD Detector for the NICA Project
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Abstract: The data acquisition system (DAQ) was designed for data taking from the TPC/MPD detector. The detector contains 95232 registration channels, includes 1488 Front-End Cards (FEC) and other modules grouped into 24 DAQ subsystems. Each FEC has an individual full-duplex few-gigabit communication channel with Readout and Control Unit (RCU). The RCU manages each FEC within the group, collects the data and then transmits them via a high-speed optical channel. Optical lines from each group of four RCUs are connected to the Local Data Concentrator (LDC) computer via a Data Concentrator Unit (DCU) module installed. Each of the six DCUs controls four RCUs, receives data from them and stores them into the LDC computer memory via the PCIe interface. The DAQ system is operating with a raw TPC event of the size up to 37 MB containing information up to 2000 tracks at the central collision and the event trigger rate of up to 7 kHz in zero suppression mode. The article presents the overall structure of the system and the realized functionality of its main components. Section 1 describes the arrangement of DAQ subsystems and modules inside MPD. Section 2 gives the function, structure and connections of DAQ subsystems. Section 3 describes in detail one of the 24 DAQ subsystems. Section 4 presents the scheme of the local storage of TPC data and communication with MPD DAQ. In Section 5, the system throughput is estimated. Section 6 summarizes the main performance indicators and key technologies used in the construction of the system.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Multilayer Perceptron Neural Model for Particle Identification in MPD
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Abstract: Particle Identification (PID) is an important part for most of the physics analysis in heavy-ion experiments. The principal challenge for PID is to provide good identification in a wide range of the particle momentum. Different approaches are used to combine observations from various detectors to enrich overall PID capabilities. Since PID is a classification task it can be performed using Machine Learning (ML) approach which has a wide range of different models for classification task. Those methods can help to extend PID over the classical methods. This study has performed the optimal multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifier selection for particle identification.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Ionization Loss Simulation in Gaps of Fast Neutron Detector Based on
$${}^{{10}}$$ B Layer and Gaseous Chamber-
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Abstract: An ionization loss simulation in several sequent gaps of the neutron detector is performed. It is based on the boron-10 rigid layer converter and gaseous chamber. It was shown that the distribution of ionization losses over gas gaps varies significantly depending on the incident neutron energy. The fact can be used to control the energy of the neutron flux using this detector.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Experiment-Independent Framework for Femtoscopic Analysis
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Abstract: A software infrastructure for analysis of experimental data in high energy physics is tightly connected with the specifics of the experiment: detector setup, collision system, reconstructed event and track information. However the aspects of physics analysis are common for different experiments. This fact suggests the development of a universal (in terms of independence from experiments) software, which may be helpful in a number of research cases. A framework for correlation femtoscopy technique, that could be applicable for any experiment, is presented in this work. A polymorphic behavior of the framework encapsulates the data differences, providing a universal way to manage analyses. C++ language and CERN ROOT libraries are used for implementation.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Status of the FASER Experiment at LHC
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Abstract: FASER is a new experiment at the CERN LHC which is located on the beam collision axis line-of-sight 480 m from the ATLAS collision point in unused service tunnel, TI12. The quite compact detector is designed to search for light and very weakly interacting new particles produced in the LHC collisions. The additional FASER \(\nu\) emulsion sub-detector allows to detect and study neutrinos of all flavors produced at LHC. The detector has been successfully installed and is taking data during the LHC Run 3. Details on physics prospects, detector design, commissioning status and first recorded data will be given in this paper.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Describing $$\phi$$ Meson Production in Small Collision Systems with
Nuclear Modified Parton Distribution Functions-
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Abstract: The deconfined state of strongly interacting quarks and gluons, quark–gluon plasma, may be formed in relativistic ion collisions at sufficient temperature and energy density. The signatures of quark–gluon plasma formation were observed in heavy-ion collisions by studying \(\phi\) meson production. In small-collision systems, such as \(p+\textrm{Al}\) , \(p+\textrm{Au}\) , \(d+\textrm{Au}\) , and \({}^{3}\textrm{He}+\textrm{Au}\) , the volume and lifetime of the produced medium might be insufficient for observation of quark–gluon plasma effects. However various physics mechanisms reflecting initial state of the collision, cold nuclear matter effects, may lead to a collective-like behavior in small-collision systems without quark–gluon plasma formation. The nuclear modified parton distribution functions are considered to be an underlying physics mechanism of cold nuclear matter effects. This paper presents the comparison of \(\phi\) meson production in \(p+\textrm{Al}\) , \(p+\textrm{Au}\) , \(d+\textrm{Au}\) , and \({}^{3}\textrm{He}+\textrm{Au}\) collisions at \(\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200\) GeV at midrapidity ( \(\left \eta\right <0.35)\) , measured by PHENIX, to PYTHIA calculations with nuclear modified parton distribution functions EPPS16 and \(n\) CTEQ15. The \(\phi\) meson production in \(p/d/^{3}\textrm{He}+\textrm{Au}\) collisions at \(\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200\) GeV might be driven by mechanisms additional to nuclear modification of parton distribution functions.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- What Machine Learning Can Do for Focusing Aerogel Detectors
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Abstract: Particle identification at the Super Charm-Tau factory experiment will be provided by a Focusing Aerogel Ring Imaging CHerenkov detector (FARICH). Silicon photomultipliers used for the Cherenkov light detection generate a lot of noise hits that must be mitigated to reduce both the data flow and negative effects on particle velocity resolution. In this work we present our approach to filtering signal hits, inspired by object detection techniques for computer vision. Several ML-based approaches to the FARICH reconstruction problem in different settings are also discussed.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Radiation Damage of SiC Detectors Irradiated with Xe Ions and Neutrons
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Abstract: The characteristics of detectors made of silicon carbide (SiC) irradiated with various integral fluxes of both Xe ions with an energy of 165 MeV and fast neutrons were studied. With the help of \(\alpha\) -particles, it was found that the energy resolution of SiC detectors irradiated with the maximum fluxes of heavy ions ( \(F_{\mathrm{max}}=2.3\times 10^{9}\) ion/cm \({}^{2}\) ) and neutrons ( \(F_{\mathrm{max}}=3.4\times 10^{15}\) n/cm \({}^{2}\) ) deteriorates by an order of magnitude. It was shown that the efficiency of detector charge collection decreases to 70 and 5 \({\%}\) , respectively, upon irradiation with Xe ions and neutrons.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- ATLAS Results on $${B_{c}^{+}}$$ Production and Decays
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Abstract: Recent results from the proton–proton collision data taken by the ATLAS experiment on the \(B_{c}^{+}\) meson production and decays are presented. New results on the \(B_{c}^{+}\) meson decays to \(J/\psi D_{s}\) or \(J/\psi D_{s}^{*}\) final states are included. This study is based on \(pp\) collision data collected at \(\sqrt{s}=13\) TeV during the LHC Run 2, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb \({}^{-1}\) . The measurement of the ratios of the \(B_{c}^{+}\) and \(B^{+}\) meson differential production cross sections at \(\sqrt{s}=8\) TeV with an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb \({}^{-1}\) is also discussed.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Detectors of the SPASCHARM Experiment at U-70 Accelerator
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Abstract: Data taking has been started at the first stage of the polarization experiment SPASCHARM at U-70 accelerator. This report describes the detectors of the current experimental setup as well as the results of measurements of their characteristics during the beam data taking in the runs of 2018–2022.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- MPD TPC Status
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Abstract: In the framework of the JINR scientific program on study of hot and dense baryonic matter a new accelerator complex Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) based on the Nuclotron-M is under realization. It will operate at a luminosity up to \(10^{27}\) cm \({}^{-2}\) s \({}^{-1}\) for ions up to Au79+. Two interaction points are foreseen at NICA for two detectors which will operate simultaneously. One of these detectors, the Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD), is optimized for investigations of heavy-ion collisions. The Time-Projection Chamber (TPC) is a well-known detector for 3-dimensional tracking and particle identification for high multiplicity events. The conceptual layout of MPD, TPC design and its parameters, the current status of the readout based on multiwire proportional chamber (MWPC) and readout electronics based on SAMPA chip as well as the status of TPC subsystems are presented.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Structure of the Charge-Exchange Strength Function of Tellurium Isotopes
128 and 130-
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Abstract: This paper discusses the charge-exchange strength functions \(S(E)\) of the isotopes \({}^{\mathrm{128,130}}\) Te. The experimental data of the \(S(E)\) strength functions obtained from ( \({}^{3}\) He, \(t\) ) reactions, as well as the \(S(E)\) strength functions calculated in the microscopic theory of finite Fermi systems, are analyzed. The resonance structure of the strength function \(S(E)\) is examined, and the Gamow–Teller and pygmy resonances are identified. The resonance structure of the strength function \(S(E)\) is vital for the calculation and analysis of the process of neutrino capture by atomic nuclei.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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- Phenomenological Description and Parameterization of Nucleon-Induced
Fission Cross Sections of Heavy Nuclei in Intermediate and High Energy
Region-
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Abstract: A new method has been developed for describing and parameterizing the cross sections for the fission of heavy nuclei by neutrons and protons in energy range above 100 MeV. The expression for parameterization of the cross sections was obtained on the basis of phenomenological concept of decay modes of highly excited nuclei formed after the first fast stage of the nucleon–nucleus interaction. The developed method well reproduces the energy dependence of the fission cross sections predicting their weak dependence on the energy and type of the nucleon in the high-energy region.
PubDate: 2023-10-01
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