JournalTOCs

Alfarama Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences
Number of Followers: 8

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Online) 2682-275X
Published by Port Said University

[3 journals]

A Seventh-order Perturbational Weighted Essentially Non-oscillatory Scheme
for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws
- Abstract: This study presents a modified seventh-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) finite difference scheme based on the numerical perturbation method established in [1]. The perturbed candidate polynomials of the seventh-order WENO scheme are evolved using a perturbational polynomial of the grid spacing, which modifies the polynomial approximation used for the classical WENO7-Z reconstruction on each candidate stencil. Furthermore, it is found that the new weighted scheme constructed with the new perturbed polynomials candidate has necessary and sufficient conditions for seventh-order convergence that are one order lower than those used by Henrick for the classic WENO scheme with seventh-order convergence, as presented in [2]. As a result, even at critical locations, the new seventh-order WENO scheme, which uses the perturbed polynomials and the same weights as the WENO7-Z scheme as demonstrated in [3], is able to satisfy the necessary and sufficient condition for seventh-order convergence.The new WENO7-P scheme reduces numerical dissipation in WENO schemes. Numerical examples verify the new scheme's accuracy, low dissipation, and robustness.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Gene Polymorphism in Patients with
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Abstract: Background: The focus of the study was to investigate the gene polymorphism of MMP-9 in hepatocellular cancer patients. Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most prevalent cancers. Matrix metalloproteinases are enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix proteins and are essential for cell migration during cancer invasion. The frequency of MMP-9 1562 C/T (3918242) was determined in HCC patients and the level of MMP-9 protein and its variation in HCC progression were evaluated in this study. Method: The study was conducted in a cohort of 100 samples (50 patients with HCC with cirrhosis and 50 patients with hepatitis C virus infection as controls). MMP-9 1562 C/T was determined by PCR-RFLP and MMP-9 protein level were assessed by ELISA. Result: In HCC patients P = 0.001, indicated a significant difference in the TT genotype between the patient group when compared to HCV group and the T allele had a high statistical significance among cancer patients (p = 0.001). Comparing MMP-9 protein levels between the control group and cancer patients identified a significant variation in MMP-9 protein level (p = 0.02). Conclusions: According to the data, the development of hepatocellular carcinoma was positively correlated with MMP-9. Hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis and prediction may be greatly affected by MMP-9.
Imbalance between Oxidative stress and Antioxidants in human Skin
Carcinoma
- Abstract: Background: Skin cancer belongs to the most frequent types of malignancies, that actually constitutes an important public health concern. Oxidative stress is an essential element and probably a driving factor for many chronic diseases, encompassing diabetes, Alzheimer and cancer. Malondialdehyde (MDA), Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) considered the most widely employed biomarkers for oxidative stress. Aim of the study: To assess the oxidative stress imbalance between tumor and normal tissues in Egyptian patients, suffering from skin cancer. Patients and method : The present study is regarded as a pilot case-control study constituting twenty skin tumor tissues and their adjacent normal tissues extracted from patients with human basal cell (BCC) and squamous cell (SCC) carcinomas, so as to evaluate the difference in the levels of MDA, CAT and SOD biomarkers between normal and cancer tissues, using a spectrophotometry method. The P-value is considered significant if its value is less than 0.05. Results : Tumor tissues had mean MDA levels of 1256±391.6 nmol/ml, which are higher than normal tissues' mean values 828.5± 117.8 nmol/ml. However, the mean SOD level of tumor tissue was decreased (100.6 ± 16.66 nmol/ml) compared to normal tissues (174.2± 14.69 U/L). With a P-value <0.05, the mean CAT level was lower in tumor tissue (101.0 ± 21.92U/L) than in normal tissues (182.9± 17.52ng/ml). Conclusion: MDA, SOD and CAT levels could be utilized as significant predictors or screening tests for detecting the population more likely to develop certain forms of skin cancer.
Clonal Micropropagation of Purplish-Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus
costaricensis) Newly Introduced To Egypt
- Abstract: In the present study trials were done to micropropagate Hylocereus costaricencis newly introduced to Egypt. Surface sterilized areole’s sections (as a starting material) were subjected to various factorial concentrations of benzyladenine, kinetin and thiadiazhuron at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l added to MS culture media to induce shoot morphogenesis. The obtained shoots were rooted using indole butyric acid and/or naphthalene acetic acid individually, combined and with or without addition of activated charcoal. The results obtained revealed that cytokinins could successfully induce multiple shoot (mini-joints) morphogenesis and the response depended on their types and concentrations. After 12 weeks of treatment the number of shoots obtained using BA, Kin and TDZ at 1.5 mg/l reached up 13.67±2.03, 8.67±1.2 and 8.67±1.2 respectively in comparison with 1.0±0.58 shoots per control explant. The maximum number of rootlets 4.00±0.58 per shoot was obtained in response to the combination of IBA/NAA at 0.25mg/l for 12 weeks,. The addition of charcoal (0.1%) reduced the number of rootlets from 4.00±0.58 to 3.00±0.58 with concomitant increase in the root length from 0.83±0.17 to 4.17±0.44. The rooted regenerants were transferred to pots containing a mixture of peat moss: sand: clay in the ratio of 1:1:1 with a 100% survival regardless of the type of treatments used for either shoot or root induction. The obtained results indicate that in vitro micropropagation of H. costaricensis can be used as a modern biotechnological tool to meet with the growing local market demand and help the spread of this newly introduced plant in Egypt.
Survey of marine-derived fungal biota and efficacy of its metabolites as
plant growth promoter
- Abstract: Marine fungi inhabiting algae represent an ecologically and taxonomically interesting group of microorganisms. Because the algal host is the best known for fungi, the information on fungi associated with algae is necessary for discovering secondary metabolites. Marine macroalgae associated with the fungal communities like Ulva Lactuca linnaeus, Enteromorpha intestinalis Linnaeus, and Dictyota sp were carried out for surveying fungal biota. Those algae were collected from Suez Canal and seashore in the Mediterranean Sea at Port Said governorate. The study aims to investigate the role of these fungi and their secondary metabolites on plant growth. The most abundant fungal communities are phylum Ascomycota and genera Penicillium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, and Aspergillus.26, marine fungi were isolated from algal samples and culturing on plates with Czapek’s yeast extract agar amended with chloramphenicol and Rose Bengal. After identification of organisms by macroscopic and microscopic observation, isolated fungi are let to produce natural secondary metabolites into the media after a week, 50% ethyl acetate in water was added to broth media, then incubated at room temperature. The crude extract was collected after using a separating funnel for solvent separation and using rotavapor for extraction. Secondary metabolites were identified using GC-MS analysis as Linalool from Trichoderma harzainum while Methyl jasmonate and Nylidrin from Penicillium crustosum. Raw secondary metabolites of the taxa Penicillium crustosum and Trichoderma harzainum give increasing in length of shoot and root system of (eggplant) Solanum melongena and also affects the whole plant by increasing its dry weight.
Antioxidant, Antibacterial and GC/MS volatiles profiling of Alhagi
graecorum Boiss
- Abstract: Alhagi graecorum methanolic crude extract and its derived fractions (methylene chloride (mc), n-hexane (nh), n-butanol , and ethyl acetate finally the residual aqueous fraction) ;all were examined for their potential antioxidant activity performing the Superoxide dismutase like activity besides DPPH (α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl) assays. Moreover, the antibacterial property towards different pathogenic microbial Gram-positive ;( Staphylococcus aureus,(BS) Bacillus subtilis) in addition to Gram-negative strains(Proteus volgaris(PV), and Escherichia coli(EC)). Identification of the secondary volatile metabolites of both Alhagi graecorum hexane and methylene chloride fractions was by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectra (GC-MS) method. The identified extracted volatile constituents could be mainly categorized to two main classes, oxygenated acetogenins (fat derivatives) and oxygenated terpenes. Twelve volatile constituents were characterized in the hexane fraction, the most dominant compounds were methyl oleate (36.07%), methyl hexadecanoate (17.32%), methyl 11E,14E-octadecadienoate (13.32%). Of the eighteen constituents identified in the methylene chloride fraction, the most dominant were 4-(3-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-1-yl)-but-3-en-2-one (5.51%), 2-dodecen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride (7.24%) and (–)-loliolide (19.73%).
Studies of Phytochemistry, Bioassay, and Synthesis of Magnetite
Nanoparticles for Acalypha wilkesiana Müll Mosaica Plant
- Abstract: Acalypha wilkesiana Müll. Mosaica.; is an herb from Euphorbiaceae Family. The preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, unsaturated sterols/triterpenes, carbohydrates and glycosides as major components. n-Hexane and methylene chloride extracts of plant was subjected to column chromatography and GC/MS. Six compounds were isolated and identified. Octanoic acid was isolated as pure compound. 3-O-acetyl lupine and β-amyrin; Phytol and Squalene; β-sitosterol and Stigmasterol were isolated as mixtures. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by ESI-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPS Fe3o4) were synthesized. Structures and properties of the NPS Fe3O4 were categorized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Zeta potential and Zeta-size distribution. The average width size of synthesized nanoparticles of n-hexane extract ranges between 5.264 and 102.749 nm while mean length ranges between 18.424 and 222.16 nm. Otherwise, the average width size of synthesized nanoparticles of total ethanol plant extract particles ranges between 11.764 and 95.21nm, whereas average length ranges between 11.616 and 564.08nm. The shapes of almost nanoparticles are rods in shape with TEM analysis. This study reports the invitro cytotoxic effect of biologically synthesized iron oxide NPs against Breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with IC50 % (27.83) in comparison with the plant extract with IC50 % (129.1). The plant extract derived nanoparticles displayed significant cytotoxic effects. The antioxidant effects were confirmed through DPPH, ABTS and Nitric oxide assays. Thus, the results of study indicate that biologically synthesized iron oxide NPs is a promising anticancer.
Circulating proteins as diagnostic breast cancer biomarkerss
- Abstract: In women, breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently cancer and among the leading causes of cancer-related death. Breast cancer is heterogeneous tumors group with varied molecular and morphological subtypes, making disease detection and patient outcomes evolution difficult. So, biomarkers are required to aim pathologists choose and apply the best therapy for each patient. For the last decades, reports have increasingly regarding biomarkers in liquid body fluids. Blood proteins, circulating components or secreted by cancers, are attributed to several biological functions and are an important tumor biomarkers source. These blood proteins (extracted from plasma or serum) can be used for minimally invasive, easy, simple and inexpensive determination of cancer risk, disease progression, prognostication and monitoring, treatment adjusting and early diagnosis. In this review, we discussed the main established studies on blood proteins in breast cancer and evaluate the potential of blood proteins to be prognostic and/or predictive breast cancer biomarkers.
Nonlinear shocklike, soliton, and periodic dust-ion-acoustic waves in
Jupiter ionosphere
- Abstract: For the time being, investigation of nonlinear structures in space have become an important tool that plays a role in the flybys electronic devices, as it has a very remarkable feature to protect the electronics used in spacecrafts.The dynamics behavior of nonlinear dust-ion-acoustic shock-like, soliton, and periodic waves are investigated in a stationary positively charged dusty plasma, mobile ions and isothermal electrons those interact with streaming solar wind ions and electrons. The basic equations describing the dynamics of dust-ion-acoustic waves is reduced to one evolution equation called nonlinear Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation using the reductive perturbation method. Possible solutions of the KdV equation are obtained including shock-like, soliton, and periodic waves solutions using a traveling wave transformation. The effects of different plasma parameters (such as proton solar wind beam temperature, streaming velocity, and ion masses as well as Jupiter positive ions temperature and mass) on the behavior of the shocklike, soliton, and periodic waves have been examined.
Characterization of the feldspar placer deposits of Umm Shaddad Area,
Eastern Desert, Egypt.
- Abstract: In the present study, placer feldspar resources in the Umm Shaddad region, Qusier, Egypt were invested to the appropriateness as raw materials for the glass and ceramic industries. Umm Shaddad area located west of Umm Gheig Lead Zinc Mine, at latitude 25o37' and 25o41' and longitude 34o19' and 34o24'. Chemical analyses revealed that the SiO2 content in the analyzed feldspar placer deposit, is an average of 74.16%. This value is higher than that required for glass industries but lower than the commercial average of ceramic industries. When compared to the commercial average for glass and ceramic sectors, the average content of Fe2O3 (2.48%) is considered high. The average K2O content in the analyzed samples is 4.77%, which is higher than the commercial values. Na2O content averages 3.05% and Al2O3 averages 11.79%, which are lower than the commercial average for the glass and ceramic sectors. The radiometric effect of the raw feldspar of Umm Shaddad was also evaluated. Activity index of Gamma (Iγ) and Alpha (Iα), Radium equivalent activity (Raeq) and Hazard indices (Hex and Hin) are lower than the acceptable world value. However, the total Annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) of the studied samples ranged between 0.82 to 1.261 with an average 1.137 which is higher than that of the world’s acceptable values. In conclusion, although the feldspar placers of Umm Shaddad have suitable content of oxides after minor treatment while, the high values of total Annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) diminished its use for either ceramic or glass industries.
Statistical screening of process variables for improving bioethanol
production using alkali-pretreated of some environmental wastes
- Abstract: Bioethanol is considered the most proposed next automotive fuel generation. For the bioethanol production, the microbial conversion from some local environmental wastes (rice straw and manure) and the indigenous strains, namely Streptomyces aegyptia and Candida tropicalis were used in this study. Improving the conditions that may affect the process such as alkali pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation were investigated using the Plackett-Burman design (PBD) via submerged fermentation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the crystallinity index of pretreated rice straw (52.2%) was significantly (p-value) lower as compared to the untreated one (63.1%). The results showed that the optimization of the microbial conversion reached 6.6 folds in comparison to the unoptimized process. An improvement in enzymatic activities of Streptomyces aegyptia was achieved in the design that the maximal lignin peroxidase, Mn-dependent peroxidase, total cellulase, endocellulase, and xylanase activities were 120 U/min.l, 1020 U/min.l, 3.7 U/min.l, 57.3 U/min.l and 78.1 U/min.l, respectively. Maximum ethanol concentration and bioconversion process efficiency were 0.8 g/l and 13.3%, respectively.
Petrographic investigation of the Precambrian basement rocks of Esh El
Mallaha area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt
- Abstract: The Esh El-Mallaha mountain range is located in the northwestern segment of the Arabian-Nubian Shield. The area encompassing it is of especial significance owing to its hydrocarbon resources. This works aims to present a comprehensive and detailed petrographic characterization of the major Precambrian basement rock units cropping out there, namely; the Dokhan Volcanics and Younger Granites. The Dokhan Volcanics are petrographically differentiated into basaltic andesite, andesite, and dacite lavas along with their pyroclastic equivalents. Their main volcanic textures include porphyritic, glomeroporphyritic, visecular, amygdalloidal and granophyric textures. Pyroclastics, particularly welded ignimbrites, are typified by eutaxitic texture. The Younger Granites of Um Dirrah and El-Esh are dominated by monzogranites and syenogranites, respectively, while those of Homra El Gerigab are mainly alkali feldspar granites. They are typically medium- to coarse-grained hypidiomorphic rocks, although porphyritic varieties are not uncommon.
Assessment of Water Quality and Bacteriological Indicators of Sewage
Pollution in Bahr El-Baqar Drain, Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt
- Abstract: This study assessed the seasonal and spatial variation of the water quality physicochemical parameters, major dissolved ions, and the bacteriological indicators of sewage pollution in Bahr El-Baqar drain, Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt, in the summer and winter seasons of 2018. Results showed that the drain water contained higher values of the physicochemical parameters: pH, Total dissolved salts (TDS), Electrical conductivity (EC), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological oxygen demand (BOD), and Chemical oxygen demand (COD), which are typical for domestic and industrial wastewater. The concentrations of dissolved salts (mg/L) in the drain water followed the decreasing order: Cl− (743.5) > NO3− (30.26) > NH4+ (18.22) > PO43- (2.63). Additionally, the bacteriological indicators; Total Viable Bacteria (TVC), and Total Coliform (TC) groups in the investigated drain water samples. Results of TVC, which counted by standard plate method (SPC) and the TC showed high seasonal levels of sewage pollution in the water of the Bahr El-Baqar drain, particularly in the summer samples. The TVC ranged from 3.8 × 104 (winter) to 6.4 × 105 CFU/ml (summer), which highly exceeds (≤ 1000 CFU/ml) the recommended limit set by Egyptian Law No. 48/1982 for protection of the River Nile and waterways from pollution. Similarly, the TC ranged from 1.3 × 106 (winter) to 9.3 ×107 CFU/ml (summer), which highly exceeds the World Health Organization (WHO) safe limit (≤1000 CFU/100 ml) for wastewater use in irrigation. This study provides the current pollution status of Bahr El-Baqar drain to find sustainable solutions for the national water vulnerability crisis.
Incidence, Antibiogram and MAR Index of E. coli from Wastewater Treatment
Plant, Reclaimed Forest Soil and Affected Water Bodies
- Abstract: Wastewater is a major collector for antibiotic resistant and pathogenic microorganisms posing high risk on public health and environmental. Even efficient secondary sewage treatment does not ensure appropriate removal of pathogens especially MDR E. coli. This study aimed to shed light on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli in raw wastewater, treated water, sludge, and forest soil irrigated with treated water from the Serapium wastewater treatment plant in Ismailia, Egypt. Samples were collected monthly during the period February 2018 to January 2019 from different wastewater treatment stages as well as sludge, reclaimed soil and affected water sources. E. coli isolated on HiChrome E. coli agar and verified by indole reagent system. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 19 different antibiotics. E. coli mean count ranged between 4.7×104 and 6.3×105 MPN/100mL in the influent and 2.1×102 and 6.3×103 MPN/100mL for effluent indicating high bacterial load in the effluent. Antimicrobial susceptibility rate for the selected 337 E. coli strains was highest for ampicillin (29.2%), tetracycline (22.5%), and ciprofloxacin (16.3%) while lower resistance for ertapenem (2.4%), imepenim (2.3%), and meropenim (2.3%,) and 4.4% azithromycin. ESBL producing E. coli represents 20.67% of the isolates. Notwithstanding, upwards of 103 MPN/100mL E. coli with high MAR index (>0.2) has reached the receiving ecosystem and thus the processes of sewage treatment contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria into the environment.
Prevalence, Species Composition, Antibiogram and Vancomycin Resistant
Determinant of Enterococcus spp. Isolated from Wastewater Treatment Plant
and its Affected Ecosystems
- Abstract: Most local and international legislation neglect the risk of transferring pathogenic bacteria, especially those with multiple antibiotic resistance, and causal genes. Egypt lacks data on the prevalence of MDR/VRE Enterococci in wastewater reclaimed soils or aquatic ecosystems receiving treated wastewater. Therefore, this study goals are to study the prevalence of MDR/VRE Enterococci in wastewater treatment system, reclaimed soil and effluent receiving water bodies. Monthly schemes were implemented in 2018 and 2019 to collect samples of raw and treated sewage, sludge, reclaimed soil, drainage canal, and downstream lake. Samples for total enterococci were analyzed using the Multiple Tube method. Enterococci isolates were purified and confirmed to species level by PCR. Antibiotics sensitivity testing was performed by Disk Diffusion method. Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin were tested for antibiotic susceptibility using the Kirby bauer method. In addition, vanA and vanB genes were screened in the confirmed VRE strains. Although, the wastewater treatment plant was able to eliminate 98% of total enterococci, the discharged or reclaimed effluent still containing 3 LOG MPN/ 100 mL of enterococci, mostly (64%) MDR Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium with MARI >0.2. VRE was detected in 7% of samples, including reclaimed water and receiving water bodies regimen was not effective in removing VRE and multi-antibiotic-resistant enterococci (MARI). These findings demonstrate that MDR/VRE enterococci are released into the environment via wastewater, where they potentially pose a concern to human health.
Comparative study on the nutritional value of some penaeid shrimps from
the Western Mediterranean coast of Egypt
- Abstract: The present study highlights the nutritional value of three commercial shrimps; the green tiger prawn Penaeus semisulcatus (De Haan, 1844), the kuruma prawn Penaeus (Marsupenaeus) japonicus (Bate, 1888) and the ginger prawn Metapenaeus monoceros. (Fabricus, 1798) collected along the western Mediterranean coast of Egypt. The results show that the percentage of protein of the three studied shrimps was the main constituent where female and male Marsupenaeus japonicus had the greatest protein percentage (51.37% and 50.12%, respectively). The highest lipid value was documented in female Marsupenaeus japonicus (13.01%) while the highest carbohydrate percentage was recorded in male Penaeus semisulcatus (3.1%). Nine essential amino acids which are arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and valine were identified. Arginine recorded the highest average concentration. Three non-essential amino acids were detected, that are aspartic acid, glutamic acid and glycine. Vitamins B1 and B2 were detected in both sexes. Analysis of minerals showed the presence of four minerals (Ca, K, Na and P). P recorded the highest mineral concentrations in Marsupenaeus japonicus, Metapenaeus monoceros and Penaeus semisulcatus. Concerning the results of this study that focused on the nutritional value of three commercially important shrimps, it is recommended to be consumed by human as a good source of protein, arginine, vitamins B1 and B2, phosphorus and calcium. In conclusion, this comparative study revealed that the kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus has the best nutritive value among the studied shrimps.
Review Article: Cryptographic Algorithms for Enhancing Security in Cloud
Computing.
- Abstract: Cloud computing allows a huge amount of data storage and processing power to be available to users over the Internet. Many organizations are migrating from traditional data storage to cloud storage, which provides an efficient method to access data from anywhere and at any time. However, organizations' biggest barrier to adopting cloud computing is data security. Data security is one of the most critical aspects of cloud computing. As a result, there are various data security methods and implementations. Data encryption is the most commonly used method for protecting data security, which means that encrypting data before uploading it to the Cloud prevents unauthorized people from accessing it. This article provides an overview of existing symmetric and asymmetric cryptography algorithms. We cover Advanced Encryption Standard Algorithm (AES), Data Encryption Standard (DES), Triple Data Encryption (TDES), Twofish, and Blowfish for symmetric encryption techniques. Rivest - Shamir Adleman (RSA), Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange (DHKE), and El-Gamal are handled as asymmetric encryption algorithms.
Cnoidal and solitary dust ion-acoustic waves in Jupiter ionosphere
- Abstract: The nonlinear wave structure of small-amplitude dust ion-acoustic cnoidal and solitarywaves are investigated in a five-component plasma consisting of positive proton beam fromsolar wind, positive ion fluid, two electrons population, one of them from the solar windand stationary positive dust grains. The physical parameters in the system such as, thetemperature ratio of proton beam and positive ion, magnetic field and streaming velocityof the beam plays the dominant role in the profile of the amplitude and the width of thewave. Using the reductive perturbation theory, the basic set of equations is reduced toa Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation. The latter has been solved using the Painlev ́e analysisto obtain a set of analytical solutions, which reflects the possibility of the propagationof various nonlinear structures. The solutions of Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation present apositive potential, which corresponds to a compressive wave profile. The findings of thisinvestigation are used to interpret the electrostatic cnoidal and solitary waves that maybe observed in the Jupiter ionosphere.
Topological Approaches for Theoretical Mathematical Morphology
- Abstract: the mathematical morphology was originally developed to analyze and process binary image using the concepts and operations. Sets in mathematical morphology represented the shapes which were manifested on binary or gray images. The set of all the black pixels in a black and white image, constitutes a complete description of the binary image. In this paper, a novel point of view for mathematical morphology via topological concepts is proposed. And, the concepts of set theory and topological spaces will be imported to mathematical morphology. Furthermore, several topological spaces using morphological point of view are presented; by giving definitions for the families of sets that generates each space. we will first discuss the concept of morphological topological spaces, more topological structures and based on examples. Also, we will introduce new concepts based on these principles and definitions. Further, their topological properties are studied. we presented several topological spaces using morphological point of view; namely, morphological topological spaces, morphological co-topological spaces, morphological semi-topological spaces, morphological α-topological spaces and morphological pre-topological spaces.
Growth-inhibiting effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles on some fungal
isolates that may cause the football players’ skin diseases
- Abstract: Football sport is a public sport that is widely distributed around the world. Football players are subject to the same skin conditions as others, but participation in a sports environment characterized by unique stresses on the skin that are not normally seen in inactive individuals can cause skin issues. Nano-technology approach involving the synergistic interaction between microorganisms and nanoparticles offers an affordable, environmentally, and beneficial solution for fungal skin infection prevention. Herein, CeO2NPs were properly characterized using different spectral analyses. Moreover, different fungal species were systematically isolated from the eleven volunteer football players’ different skin parts, Port Said sporting city, Port Said, Egypt, and grown on a modified sabouraud dextrose agar medium. Eleven pure-culture fungal isolates were identified using spacer between 18S and 28S rRNA genes identification technique. The growth-inhibiting effect of different CeO2NPs concentrations on the fungal isolates after ten days of incubation was studied. Furthermore, the reduction activity of used CeO2NPs towards the isolated fungal species was inclusivity researched. The outcome data experimentally symbolized that the fungal isolates were remarkably stable under a pH of 5.5 and temperature of 25°C (optimized conditions). Besides, the growth-inhibiting of different fungal isolates was directly proportional to increasing the concentration of CeO2NPs and completely stopped at the optimum dosage of 12 g/L compared to the control sample (non-treated CeO2NPs specimen). Overall, the present study illustrates an ample perspective of cerium oxide nanoparticles as a futuristic platform for the decontamination of fungal skin diseases.
Updating the Geographical Distribution of Twenty- Eight Species of the
Egyptian Flora
- Abstract: The Egyptian flora has been suffering from great changes in the distribution of some plants since the last flora of Egypt in 2005. The factors affecting this distribution are temperature, rainfall, agricultural practices, construction activities etc. So, the geographical distributions of many species needed to be revised and updated. This investigation updated the distribution of twenty-eight species in different phytogeographical regions of Egypt according to some previous studies and herbarium records. These species were freshly collected materials from different phytogeographical areas. They belonged to fourteen families including twenty-four genera and eight sub-species. The revision of their geographical distribution showed the newly addition of sixteen species to the flora of the Eastern desert. Additionally, eight species were recorded to the flora of Deserts except that of Sinai. Finally, nine species were added to the flora of the Mediterranean region. The present research aims to update the distribution of twenty-eight species in different phytogeographical regions of Egypt according to some previous studies and herbarium records. These species belonged to fourteen families including twenty-four genera and eight sub-species. The revision of their geographical distribution showed the newly addition of sixteen species to the flora of the Eastern desert such as: Cynanchum acutum, Amaranthus blitum and Euphorbia helioscopia. Additionally, eight species were recorded to the flora of Deserts except that of Sinai among them: Heliotropium aegyptiacum, Chloris virgata and Commelina bengnalensis. Finally, nine species were added to the flora of the Mediterranean region e.g., Veronica anagaIlis-aquatica, Leptochola panicea and Chenopodium ficifolium.
Interaction of laser pulse with a quantum electron-hole semiconductor
plasma
- Abstract: A laser-driven plasma is investigated theoretically in a quantum electron-hole semiconductor plasma by a short electromagnetic pulse. The laser beam is single, short, and high-intensity. Using the quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) physical model consists of continuityand momentum equations for electrons and holes. These equations are closed by Poisson’sequation. The momentum equations include the wave vector of the electromagnetic field,pressure, and Bohm potential. It introduces the effect of two formulas about the pressurein the form of the last differential equations. An electromagnetic field is represented in thecircularly polarized Gaussian profile. Laplace transformation and convolution theorem areused to obtain the final evolution equation of our theoretical model. A laser-driven plasma is investigated theoretically in a quantum electron-hole semiconductor plasma by a short electromagnetic pulse. The laser beam is single, short, and high-intensity. Using the quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) physical model consists of continuityand momentum equations for electrons and holes. These equations are closed by Poisson’sequation. The momentum equations include the wave vector of the electromagnetic field,pressure, and Bohm potential. It introduces the effect of two formulas about the pressurein the form of the last differential equations. An electromagnetic field is represented in thecircularly polarized Gaussian profile. Laplace transformation and convolution theorem areused to obtain the final evolution equation of our theoretical model
Estimation of Log-Pearson Type III Distribution Using Percentile Roots:
ATM Transactions Over 24 Years in Saudi Arabia as a Case Study
- Abstract: Estimation methods of three-parameter distributions are essential in data-fitting distributions. In this paper, an application to a simple estimation method named Percentile Root (PR) was presented with ATM transactions as a case study. The PR method was applied to the ‎probability distribution Log-Pearson type III distribution. The statistical properties of the ‎distribution are exploited by PR to obtain the estimated parameters, ensuring the efficiency of ‎the method. The Anderson-Darling and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were performed on the results of PR method. The significant results of‎PR method are compared with Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), and it is clear that the PR method is simple in coding by a computer and provides precise results‎. The point is highly beneficial to applications of economic and commercial sciences. The Log-Pearson type III distribution was used by PR method and fitted to the ATM data set to overcome the problems of predicting the prospect numbers of financial transactions in banks.
Fully nonlinear dust-ion-acoustic excitation in Jupiter ionosphere
- Abstract: Fully nonlinear solitary wave structure of dust-ion-acoustic waves are investigated ina five-component plasma consisting of positive proton beam from solar wind, positive ionfluid, two electrons population, one of them from the solar wind and stationary positivedust grains. The physical parameters in the system such as, proton beam-to-positiveion temperature and density ratios, as well as solar wind electron number density playan important role in the profile of the large amplitude dust-ion-acoustic solitary waves.Using pseudo-potential approach (Sagdeev potential) the basic equations are reduced toone evolution equation called an energy equation. The latter has been analysed and solvednumerically to obtain an arbitrary amplitude solitary profile as well as the possible regionsfor the existence waves. The solution of energy equation presents a positive potential,which corresponds to a compressive wave profile. The findings of this investigation areused to interpret the electrostatic arbitrary solitary waves that may be observed in theJupiter ionosphere.