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Acta Biologica Marisiensis
Number of Followers: 5

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2601-6141 - ISSN (Online) 2668-5124
Published by U of Medicine and Pharmacy of Târgu-Mureş

[1 journal]

VALORIZATION OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT VACHELLIA HORRIDA (L.) KYAL. & BOATWR.
THROUGH CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF ITS EXTRACTS
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: This study aims to enhance the value of the medicinal plant Acacia horrida (synonym of Vachellia horrida) by evaluating its chemical and biological properties, specifically focusing on its antioxidant and enzymatic activities. Three extraction methods, namely ultrasonication, maceration, and microwave-assisted extraction, were employed, utilizing various solvent systems to extract bioactive molecules, quantify total polyphenols and flavonoids, and measure antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant activity was assessed using several tests, including DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, as well as the CUPRAC and FRAP methods for measuring reducing power. The radical scavenging tests proved to be the most effective. Phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed an abundance of secondary metabolites, particularly total polyphenols and flavonoids, in the ethyl acetate (AE) extract, which likely accounts for its potent antioxidant activity. The study confirms the efficacy and high yield of the ultrasonication method compared to maceration and microwave-assisted extraction, as mentioned earlier. On the other hand, the extracts from this plant exhibited no significant antidiabetic or anti-inflammatory activities. However, they did demonstrate antibacterial activity, with the dichloromethane (DC) and butanolic (BU) extracts displaying notable effects.
  PubDate: Mon, 03 Jun 2024 11:27:30 +000
VALORIZATION OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT VACHELLIA HORRIDA (L.) KYAL. & BOATWR.
THROUGH CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF ITS EXTRACTS
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: This study aims to enhance the value of the medicinal plant Acacia horrida (synonym of Vachellia horrida) by evaluating its chemical and biological properties, specifically focusing on its antioxidant and enzymatic activities. Three extraction methods, namely ultrasonication, maceration, and microwave-assisted extraction, were employed, utilizing various solvent systems to extract bioactive molecules, quantify total polyphenols and flavonoids, and measure antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant activity was assessed using several tests, including DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, as well as the CUPRAC and FRAP methods for measuring reducing power. The radical scavenging tests proved to be the most effective. Phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed an abundance of secondary metabolites, particularly total polyphenols and flavonoids, in the ethyl acetate (AE) extract, which likely accounts for its potent antioxidant activity. The study confirms the efficacy and high yield of the ultrasonication method compared to maceration and microwave-assisted extraction, as mentioned earlier. On the other hand, the extracts from this plant exhibited no significant antidiabetic or anti-inflammatory activities. However, they did demonstrate antibacterial activity, with the dichloromethane (DC) and butanolic (BU) extracts displaying notable effects.
  PubDate: Thu, 23 May 2024 06:18:44 +000
INDIGENOUS CANNABIS SATIVA – THE PHARMACOGNOSTICAL ANALYSIS OF A
WEED-TYPE VARIETY
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: Cannabis sativa is a well-known plant that has attracted a lot of attention because of its remarkable therapeutic potential. However, a variety of this species is growing invasive in some cultures in Romania. This variety has a different composition compared to the cultivated variety and a notably low Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content, making the occurrence of psychoactive effects highly improbable. This research aimed to evaluate from a pharmacognostical point of view the herbal drug collected from Romania. A preliminary microscopic analysis was performed to confirm the identity of the herbal drug. A qualitative analysis by thin-layer chromatography was performed to identify cannabinoids and flavonoids. Quantitative determinations included the evaluation of total polyphenolic content, total flavonoid content, and hydroxycinnamic acid content, as well as ion chromatographic analysis for anion quantification. Antioxidant and alpha-amylase activities were performed as well. The results indicated that the herbal drug contains only moderate concentrations of polyphenolic compounds, but has a good antioxidant activity, likely attributable to the presence of non-polyphenolic compounds. Moreover, the extract had a moderate alpha-amylase inhibitory activity, suggesting a low potential in nutritional and therapeutic contexts.
  PubDate: Tue, 06 Feb 2024 07:26:25 +000
LIVERWORTS AND MOSSES FROM ROMANIA WITH MEDICINAL POTENTIAL
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: Liverworts and mosses are terrestrial plants that contain biologically active substances that give them important medicinal qualities. After reviewing the available literature on the pharmacological activity of the most used liverworts and mosses, we present 34 species found in Romania, used for the treatment of common diseases in folk medicine around the world. Their uses in traditional medicine are sometimes confirmed by pharmacological research, especially external ones (as antimicrobial or cytotoxic remedies). The species of liverworts and mosses are mentioned with their distribution in Romanian flora and the habitats where they live.
  PubDate: Tue, 19 Dec 2023 09:55:02 +000
THE ROLE OF A LANDSCAPE REHABILITATION STUDENT PROJECT IN CURRENT
LANDSCAPE EDUCATION – HEALING URBANIZATION’S FOOTPRINT
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: The Giurgeului Depression has been significantly impacted by human intervention, resulting in numerous scars on the landscape. A comprehensive rehabilitation plan is imperative for the Suseni quarry area to restore its natural features. This initiative, spearheaded by the local council and municipality, collaborates with the Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania’s Department of Horticulture and the Babeș-Bolyai University’s Faculty of Biology and Geology. They’ve launched a research scholarship program for students focused on a research and landscape rehabilitation plan tender within Suseni’s administrative region. Large scars created by human activities, adjacent to a valuable natural environment, significantly alter the natural landscape features and are detrimental to the visual and ecological relationship systems. Those need urgent rehabilitation. Student projects serves as a potential model for transforming natural landscapes affected by human actions. It aims to teach landscape design through experimental approaches, aligning with modern research-driven design methods for strategic planning. Moreover, it seeks to enhance student projects for practical implementation by local authorities, contributing positively to the area’s ecosystem and landscape. Much has already been taken from this landscape, and it is now time to give something back to the area, the local ecosystem, and the landscape.
  PubDate: Tue, 19 Dec 2023 09:52:26 +000
SHORT OVERVIEW OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN MENTAL DISORDERS
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: This short overview explores the relationship between oxidative stress and mental disorders, focusing on the association with psychiatric pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, autism, depression, and the impact of sleep deprivation. The mechanisms of mitochondrial disfunction and oxidative stress in these pathologies are described, including the physiological function of limited free radicals in signal transduction, gene transcription, neuronal plasticity and memory. Key free radicals, including hydroxyl and superoxide are highlighted, along with compounds generating free radicals. Moreover, the potential therapeutic implications of dietary supplements (zinc, selenium, magnesium, vitamin C, E, CoQ10) and lifestyle interventions with antioxidant properties are presented, laying the groundwork for future research in the field of mental health.
  PubDate: Tue, 19 Dec 2023 09:35:00 +000
A MINI REVIEW ON BIOTECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIALS OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND
BIOPRODUCTS ISOLATED FROM CYANOBACTERIA
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: Cyanobacteria are well-distributed, because of their ability to acclimate to various environments. Recently, cyanobacteria have received more research attention due to increasing pollution problems and global warming. They have many potential applications in the biotechnology sectors such as pharmaceuticals, bioplastics production, and cosmetics. Cyanobacteria produce many biologically active compounds that are utilized as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal agents. The bioactive metabolites extracted from cyanobacteria include alkaloids, fatty acids, lipopeptides, and amides. In this minireview, the potential of some biotechnical applications are summarized to provide an account of the recent advancements in cyanobacteria research.
  PubDate: Tue, 19 Dec 2023 09:29:20 +000
THE ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE IN NOWADAYS’ URBAN LANDSCAPE PLANNING IN
TRANSYLVANIA
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: Nowadays’ (Transylvanian) urban landscape as a complex, built and natural, social and economic environment is undergoing a sudden and accelarated transformation. Urbanization is a defining feature of current spatial/urban metamorphosis in Transylvania, too, yet the current model of urban development profoundly alters the natural environment, often reducing biodiversity and ultimately threatening human wellbeing. Present not only in academic theory, but in a broader sense in the daily public debate for the past decades, ecological perspective has become one of the leading design principles in nowadays’ professional practice and theory in urban and spatial planning, a compulsory attribute of the contemporary mindset and (urban) landscape. Proposed research on ecological perspective in current urban (landscape) planning in Transylvania, Romania is focusing specifically on the role ecological perspective can play in understanding, the applying the more general and complex phenomenon of sustainability in the planning and management of landscapes. The idea of sustainability, the ecoregional approach are not only traditional attributes of the historical landscape, but also generators in present day development of cities around Transylvania, Romania. The ecological approach can enhance finding solutions in urgent social and environmental challanges regarding efficient management of resources, sustainable urban and spatial planning.
  PubDate: Mon, 27 Nov 2023 09:03:43 +000
REDISCOVERING THE HISTORICAL GARDENS IN THE BANAT COUNTY
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: The study of non-historical monument gardens aimed to inventory and assess their current state compared to the original. These gardens were researched in detail, following the steps used for historical parks and gardens. Unclassified gardens were categorized using newly established criteria based on collected information. While there’s less data about these gardens compared to historical ones, the primary goal of redevelopment is to recreate their era’s ambiance while preserving existing landscape, dendrological, and architectural values.
  PubDate: Mon, 27 Nov 2023 09:00:44 +000
PLANT SPECIES IMPORTANT FOR POLLINATING INSECTS. CASE STUDY: BĂICENI
LOCALITY (BOTOŞANI COUNTY)
- Authors: abmjro_usr
  Abstract: The aim of this paper is to point out plant species that are of benefit to pollinators, from the territory of the Băiceni (Botoșani county, NE region of Romania). The plant species were analyzed on the basis of the specialized literature as follows: bioform, flowering period, flower grouping, flower color, floral resources, melliferous potential. A number of 106 plant species belonging to 31 botanical families were identified; 41.50% are woody species and 58.50% are herbaceous species. The representative botanical families are: Rosaceae (19.81%), Fabaceae (14.15%) and Asteraceae (14.15%). The majority of the species recorded in the area of study have flowers grouped in inflorescences, blooming in spring and summer and are nectar-polleniferous. The color of the flowers varies from white, yellow, yellow-green to red, blue, purple. These species are an essential resource for pollinators (mainly for the honeybee) and thus contribute to keeping the ecological equilibrium of the ecosystems in the study area and to supporting local beekeeping.
  PubDate: Mon, 06 Nov 2023 08:33:15 +000

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