JournalTOCs

Biomedical Engineering
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.16

Number of Followers: 11

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 1573-8256 - ISSN (Online) 0006-3398
Published by Springer-Verlag

[2468 journals]

Improving Platelet Apheresis Hardware
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  Abstract: The efficiency of preparing donor platelet concentrates using the MCS+ apparatus (Haemonetics, USA) using the Leukodepleted Platelet (LDP) protocol and the Universal Platelet Protocol (UPP) was evaluated. Reinfusion is carried out intermittently in the LDP protocol and continuously in the UPP protocol. A total of 40 consecutive donors were alternately assigned to the LDP (LDP group, n = 20) and UPP (UPP group, n = 20) protocols and donor platelet concentrate was prepared. The UPP protocol, with continuous plasma return during apheretic preparation of two therapeutic doses of donor platelet concentrates on the MCS+ device, was found to provide greater speed and volume of blood processing and, thus, a 15% greater platelet collection efficiency as compared with procedures using the LDP protocol.
  PubDate: 2023-09-01
Characteristics of the Calibration of a Medical 3D Radiothermograph
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  Abstract: The characteristics of the calibration of a multichannel multifrequency 3D radiothermograph are addressed. A device for external calibration of a 3D radiothermograph, including a thermal anomaly simulator which can be placed at an adjustable depth in a liquid thermostat is described. Algorithms are provided to take account of the degree of matching of applicator antennas with a biological object in the process of measuring radiobrightness temperatures using a multichannel multifrequency radiothermograph.
  PubDate: 2023-09-01
Monitoring of Cerebral Activity during Suppression of Pain Sensations
Using Virtual Reality Technology
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  Abstract: An approach to the creation of technical means for suppressing patients' pain is proposed. This approach is based on the use of virtual reality technology to redirect the patient's attention from the sensation of pain to the state of virtual involvement. The proposed approach, which includes monitoring of the parameters of brain activity signals during application of rehabilitation measures using virtual reality technologies, is based on analysis of electroencephalographic data and selection of an appropriate virtual environment with the required parameters. The simulation was carried out in the MATLAB mathematical programming environment using the Simulink package.
  PubDate: 2023-09-01
Mathematical Modeling of the Interaction between Arterial Vascular
Elasticity and Spectral Differences in Heart and Pulse Rhythms
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  Abstract: A mathematical model was developed to assess the relationship between spectral differences in the structure of heart and pulse rhythms and the elasticity of arterial vessels. The model is based on the hypothesis that Mayer waves influence changes in the elasticity of arterial vessels, leading to fluctuations in pulse wave propagation time and resultant changes in the structure of the pulse rhythm. The model was used to obtain relationships between changes in the parameters of heart and pulse rhythms and the index of arterial vascular elasticity.
  PubDate: 2023-09-01
A Method and Device for Digital Diaphanoscopy for the Diagnosis of MS
Pathologies
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  Abstract: A method and device for digital diaphanoscopy for the diagnosis of pathologies of the maxillary sinuses are addressed. A scheme for an experimental apparatus is presented and specialized medical and technical requirements for the device are described. The method was trialed in presumptively healthy volunteers and patients with MS pathologies. These studies led to development of a classification model based on linear discriminant analysis, which allows the presence of pathological changes in the maxillary sinuses to be detected with sensitivity and specificity indicators of 0.88 and 0.98 respectively.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
Decreasing the Power Consumption of a Multichannel Multifrequency
Radiothermograph
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  Abstract: The key elements used in different radiometric receiver designs must have low power consumption, as thermal contact of the miniature device with the patient’s body during the investigation can lead to heating of the patient’s tissues in the area under study, distorting the picture of its internal temperature field and ultimately decreasing the diagnostic potential of the microwave radiometry method, so a prime requirement during the device miniaturization process is that of reducing the power consumption of the radiothermometer. We report here the results of an investigation into reducing the power consumption of a multichannel multifrequency radiothermograph by developing a low-noise amplifier and switch based on energy-efficient heterostructure transistors.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
A Thermoelectric System for Thermal Treatment of the Anterior Segment of
the Eye in Humans
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  Abstract: The design of a thermoelectric system (TES) for thermal treatment of the anterior segment of the human eyeball is addressed. Results from experimental studies of a prototype are presented. Full-scale tests have demonstrated the feasibility of using the system in practice and that standard thermoelectric modules (TEM) produced by Russian companies can be used; the time taken to reach operating conditions is short and efficacy is good.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
Assessment of the Spatial Resolution and Accuracy of Temperature
Measurements in Radiothermometry of the Breast
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  Abstract: Radiothermometry as a method demonstrates great potential for use in medical diagnostics and therapeutic practice. However, measurement of the brightness temperature using the intrinsic microwave radiation of the internal parts of biological tissues does not yield the direct spatial distribution of the thermodynamic temperature. Difficulties arise in the interpretation of radiothermometric data and determination of errors in temperature fields. The aim of the present work was to estimate the accuracy of such temperature measurements.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
Use of Spectrophotometry for Comparative Analysis of Control Fixation of
Composite Inlays to Human Dentin
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  Abstract: We report here a study seeking to obtain data on the penetration of the chemical self-curing adhesive Tokuyama Universal Bond II into dentin using different bonding techniques. Spectroscopic instruments make it possible to obtain reliable, graphic, and accurate information about the structure and composition of test substances in terms of the absorption spectrum, so spectrophotometric investigation providing highly accurate assessment of levels of penetration of adhesive into the dentin and yielding data on the uniformity of the resulting hybrid layer is relevant and promising. This report describes an optical experimental scheme and presents the technical characteristics of a device. Specimens for research prepared using different methods are presented and the measurement channel of the device, where specimens are mounted to measure the depth boundaries of the interaction between the dental adhesive and dentin, is described. The spectral relationship between the absorption coefficient and depth at the fixation boundaries and adjacent areas of composite inlays with dentin on sections of specimens were obtained using the adhesive Tokuyama Universal Bond II used according to the protocol presented in the instructions, when applying Tokuyama Universal Bond II with an additional 10-s exposure to dentin prior to swelling, and by rubbing Tokuyama Universal Bond II into the dentin surface for 10 s before blowing.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
Determination of the Usability of Teleroentgenographic Studies in
Orthodontic Practice
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  Abstract: Criteria for the quality of digital images of the skull in the lateral projection are identified and the most common errors in the diagnosis of dentomaxillofacial anomalies (DMFA) by cephalometric analysis of teleroentgenography (TRG) investigations are addressed. Analysis of digital TRG images taken by orthodontists for the diagnosis of DMFA pointed to a low level of awareness of teleroentgenogram quality criteria among practitioners. A method for determining the quality of teleroentgenograms using artificial intelligence functionality is proposed.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
Measurement of Hemoglobin Oxygenation Parameters in Arterial Occlusion and
Physical Exertion
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  Abstract: Near-infrared spectroscopy is widely used for the non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin oxygenation in biological tissues. Here we report experimental studies on the measurement of oxygenation parameters during arterial occlusion and physical exertion using the NIRS4 hardware/software system and a previously developed algorithm based on a modified Bouguer–Lambert–Beer law. The dynamics of changes in hemoglobin oxygenation parameters during arterial occlusion and physical exertion of the quadriceps femoris and biceps brachii muscles are demonstrated. The measurement results demonstrate that the NIRS4 system, together with the present algorithm, can be used to analyze the dynamics of hemoglobin oxygenation.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
Dynamics of Collagen Synthesis after Liver Trauma in in vivo Experiments
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  Abstract: The results of a comparative study of the dynamics of serum hydroxyproline levels in laboratory animals after liver injury during laparoscopy and the cessation of bleeding from liver wounds on application of different local hemostatic agents are presented. The effects of these agents on hydroxyproline levels, which characterizes collagen metabolism, were evaluated. The study results demonstrated significant differences in all experimental groups.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
Topical Analysis of the State of the Major Human Body Systems by Wavelet
Introscopy
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  Abstract: We report here studies of the important connection between the state of body systems and their organization as self-similar fractal structures. Morphogenesis at all hierarchical levels — from a protein molecule to a whole organism — obeys general laws of structural self-organization. Creation of effective computer algorithms for processing biosignals based on nonlinear dynamic models of the biosystems of the human body is a valuable task in monitoring the state of the cardiovascular system, as biological processes are nonlinear in nature and fractal in structure. Detailed information on the state of the biological networks of the human body can be obtained during topical diagnostics by using wavelet analysis of biological signals (wavelet introscopy). Wavelet introscopy provides for visualization of the cryptic elements of the cardiac neural conducting system (CNCS), in particular its amplitude-phase characteristics and the presumptive intermittent nature of the operation of nerve endings between adjacent heart cycles.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
A Device for Antibacterial Treatment of Hard Surfaces with Cold Mist Based
on a Plasma-Activated Aqueous NaCl Solution
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  Abstract: An experimental device for the antibacterial treatment of hard surfaces using a cold mist based on an aqueous solution of NaCl activated by plasma produced by a high-frequency glow-type discharge in water vapor at atmospheric pressure is presented. A functional scheme for the device is presented and a reactor for activation of the solution is described. Results obtained from studies of the bactericidal activity of the sprayed activated solution are presented and the mechanism of generation of the sterilizing component is addressed. The device described here is found to be a simple, environmentally friendly, fast, and economical way to decontaminate hard surfaces, i.e., remove bacterial flora. The device can be used for effective disinfection of medical instruments in medical institutions and food production facilities.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
Effects of the Geometrical Dimensions of Applicator Antennas for Microwave
Radiothermometry on Radiobrightness Temperature Measurement Results
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  Abstract: We report here a study of the influences of the height and diameter of applicator antennas for microwave radiothermometry on radiobrightness temperature measurement results. The electric fields of three antennas based on numerical solution of Maxwell’s equations were modeled mathematically. The depth of the area whose temperature was measured was found to depend linearly on antenna diameter. An equation estimating the potential measurement depth of the antenna depending on its diameter for breast tissues was derived. A significant reduction in the height of the antenna (by a factor of six compared with traditional antennas) was found to have virtually no effect on the measured radiobrightness temperature in the projection of a malignant tumor, which is very important when designing flexible textile antennas.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
Comparison of Pulsatile Blood Flows by Rotor Speed Modulation and Use of
an Autonomous Pulsator
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  Abstract: We report here a comparative study of the pulsatile blood flow amplitude generated by a system consisting of a newly developed autonomous Pulsator and a centrifugal pump operating at a constant impeller rotation speed, and by a centrifugal pump operating in rotor speed modulation mode, for use in bypass of the left ventricle of the heart.
  PubDate: 2023-08-31
A Videonystagmography Device Using a Commercial Webcam
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  Abstract: We propose here a method and device for videonystagmography using webcams and computer vision algorithms. A prototype of the device is presented, its technical characteristics and settings are described, and a mathematical model and software for analyzing the webcam video stream and calculating measurement results are developed. The accuracy of the measurements obtained is investigated. This work resulted in the development of a device with measurement accuracy higher than that of commercial analogs.
  PubDate: 2023-06-16
  DOI: 10.1007/s10527-023-10281-z
Study of the Adequacy of a Nonlinear Electric Skin Model
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  Abstract: The adequacy of a nonlinear equivalent circuit for the electrical admittance of the skin was investigated in relation to the type of decomposition and the number of members in a power series approximating the nonlinear conductivity. This work showed that in the case of decompositions of nonlinear components in terms of voltage powers, the response function of the model was adequate for five or more decomposition components, while in the case of decompositions of nonlinear components in terms of test current powers, the response function of the model was inadequate over the whole range of the number of decomposition components studied. These results provide evidence supporting selection of a model for describing the electrical admittance of human skin.
  PubDate: 2023-06-16
  DOI: 10.1007/s10527-023-10277-9
Evaluation of Changes in the Requirements of the State Standard for
Radiation Protection in Diagnostic X-Ray Machines
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  Abstract: Changes in the requirements for radiation protection in diagnostic X-ray machines as specified in the current state standard GOST R IEC 60601-1-3–2013, compared with the withdrawn standard GOST R 50267.0.3–99, were evaluated. This shows that the inconsistency in the requirements for the minimum permitted values of the first half-value layer and the total filtration of the X-ray beam present in the withdrawn standard was only partially eliminated on transition to GOST R IEC 60601-1-3–2013.
  PubDate: 2023-06-15
  DOI: 10.1007/s10527-023-10286-8
Experimental Studies of a Thermoelectric Device to Stop Bleeding
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  Abstract: The design of a prototype thermoelectric device (TED) for stopping bleeding by local freezing of the blood flow area is discussed. Results of field studies are presented. Field tests demonstrated the feasibility of using the device in practice, the usability of standard thermoelectric modules (TEM) produced by Russian firms, the short time taken to reach operating mode, and the high efficacy of hemostasis.
  PubDate: 2023-06-15
  DOI: 10.1007/s10527-023-10275-x