JournalTOCs

Biology Bulletin
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.245

Number of Followers: 1

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 1608-3059 - ISSN (Online) 1062-3590
Published by Springer-Verlag

[2468 journals]

Morpho-taxonomic Revision of the Lichen Genus Psora Hoffm. (Psoraceae,
Lecanorales) from India
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  Abstract: Three species of the genus Psora are recognized in India including Psora crenata (Taylor) Reinke, P. decipiens (Hedw.) Hoffm. and P. himalayana (C. Bab.) Timdal. Among them, P. crenata is described as a new record to the lichen biota of India. Descriptions, illustrations and distributions are provided for each species together with a key to all species of Psora known from India.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023606146
Peptide Isolated from Leptospermum flavens Sm. Inhibits Human Glutathione
Transferases π (hGSTP) Activity and Enhances the Cytotoxicity of
Doxorubicin towards HT-29 Cell Line
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  Abstract: Glutathione transferase Pi (GST-P) reportedly overexpressed markedly in cancer cell lines. It was correlated to the resistance towards drugs used in chemotherapy treatment. The study demonstrated the isolation of peptide as potential inhibitor to the enzyme. Glutathione transferase Pi (GST-P) was purified from human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cell line using glutathione (GSH)-affinity chromatography. Active components presence in ethanolic extract (50% ethanol) of leaves Leptospermum flavescens Sm. was shown possessing inhibitory property (IC50 of 0.088 mg/mL) towards GST-P in vitro. Further fractionation using polyamide the 50% methanol in 2% acetic acid eluate possessed an inhibitory property at IC50 of 0.191 mg/mL. In the study the IC50 values of doxorubicin are 0.788 and 0.816 μg/mL on HT-29 and MRC-5 cell lines respectively while IC50 values of cisplatin were at 9.49 and 4.07 μg/mL on HT-29 and MRC-5 cell lines respectively. The 50% methanol eluate has significantly non-toxic to both of the cell lines with 100% cell viability at more than 100 μg/mL sample applied. In combination with doxorubicin, 50% methanol eluate enhanced cytotoxicity of the drug towards HT-29 by reduction of IC50 value significantly to 66%. The eluate however only reduced the IC50 to 11% when combined with cisplatin. The study indicates that the eluate can potentiate cytotoxicity of doxorubicin on HT-29 cell line and this effect is correlated to the ability of the eluate to inhibit GST-P in vitro. The purified active molecule was a peptide with molecular weight of 3.5 kDa.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023605001
Genetic Polymorphism of GH and IGF-1 Genes and Body Measurements Traits in
Maghrabi Camel
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  Abstract: Nonetheless the key roles of growth hormone (GH) and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) genes in livestock growth traits (including body measurements), few studies deployed them in camels, unlike other livestock species (cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goat). So, this study was performed to investigate the genetic polymorphism of GH and IGF-1 markers, in Maghrabi camels by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing tools, with assessing the impacted live body measurements traits. In this study, 65 blood samples were collected from Maghrabi camel, and different body measurements were valued. Different genotypes of GH and IGF-1 genes were determined, via SSCP-PCR and sequencing tools. The results pointed out one genotype for the IGF-I gene, and three genotypes for the GH gene, with 23.21, 42.85, and 33.95 frequencies, of AA, AB, and BB genotypes, respectively. The sequence analysis showed specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), for both A and B alleles. Those SNPs triggered alteration in some of the amino acids. Moreover, individuals of the BB genotype recorded the highest value in body weight, Neck length, Height at lumbar area, Anterior limb length, Neck circumference, and increased Body length associated with the AA genotype. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences, between the three genotypes, for the other body measurements. This study found that Maghrabi camels possess three genotypes of the GH gene and one genotype of the IGFI gene, and the BB genotype of the GH gene was associated with high performance of growth traits. Therefore, it is useful to use camel individuals, with the BB genotype of the GH gene, in camelid breeding programs, to improve live body measurement traits.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359024606712
Application of Harmonized Elliptic Fourier Transform Coefficients for
Comparing the Shapes of Biological Structures (Example of the Attachment
Organs of Monogenea)
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  Abstract: The elliptic Fourier transform is a common method of describing the shape of objects by an unique sequence of coefficients that allow comparing the shapes by mathematical methods. However, the raw coefficients contain unnecessary data unrelated to the shape, which does not provide a correct comparison. For this reason, the coefficients are normalized. This removes some of the superfluous data, but leaves information about mirror symmetry and the order in which the contour vertices are declared, that are encoded in the signs of the coefficients. This also interferes with shape comparison. The paper describes an algorithm for harmonizing the coefficients, leveling the influence of the information mentioned. Based on the example of attachment organs of monogeneans, the advantages of using harmonized coefficients for comparing the shapes of biological structures are shown.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359024607407
Molecular Characterization and Haplotype Diversity of Aporcelaimellus
obtusicaudatus (Bastian, 1865) Altherr, 1968 (Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae)
from India
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  Abstract: Aporcelaimellus obtusicaudatus was recovered from mustard and sugarcane fields of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, India. The present species was identified through morphology, molecular and phylogenetic analysis. The Indian populations are characterized by having females with a body length (1.7–3.4 mm), lip region (4.9–8.8 µm), Amphids 6–9 µm, odontostyle length (15.7–26.4 µm), neck length (374.6–745.1 µm), pharyngeal expansion occupying 45–60% of neck length, simple uterus (67.4–124.3 µm), V = 49.1–58.7, female tail (32–44.9 µm, c = 41.1–105, c' = 0.5–1.3) with short, conoid, rounded terminus to convex conical. The molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 18S and 28S rDNA revealed A. obtusicaudatus as a paraphyly. The present populations of Indian A. obtusicaudatus (OM269524; OP020675) placed close to deposited Indian sequence (OP048816; OP048823) and Slovakian populations of A. obtusicaudatus (MH206119). The result of 28S rDNA phylogeny showed that the present population (OM258706) placed close to other populations of the same species from India (OM418794) with 0.55 posterior probability supports. The haplotype analysis based on 28S rDNA revealed 6 haplotypes, which displayed low nucleotide (π = 0.013) diversity. In contrast, haplotype diversity (Hd) was 1.00, and the number of segregating sites (S) was 14. The phylogenetic analysis grouped the various populations into two clades, and the result showed German populations placed into two clades, which showed high variability in haplotype supported by the haplotype network. Tajima (D) and Fu’s Fs were found to be negative (P > 0.05), whereas the overall FST value was 0.31040 (P = 0.118). In conclusion, genetic analysis revealed 31.04% variation among groups/populations and 68.95 within populations, indicating a low genetic variation between the same populations of A. obtusicaudatus belonging to the same country.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023604378
Unveiling the Diet Composition of Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus,
1758) from a Relictual Mountain in Brazilian Semiarid
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  Abstract: Animal food is one of the most important ecological aspects of one species. Studying this factor is fundamental to understanding their life history, microhabitat use, and interactions with other species. Amphibians are an interesting group to understand the food chains because they interact with aquatic and terrestrial environments. Among them, Trachycephalus typhonius is a widespread treefrog in South America but there is still a lack of knowledge about its natural history. Therefore, we described the feeding habits of T. typhonius from a relictual humid forest mountain in Brazilian semiarid. The present study was conducted in the Maranguape mountain, Ceará state, Brazil during the rainy season from April to May 2019. We collected the individuals using visual and auditory searches. Overall, we found 24 specimens of T. typhonius, in which all of them had stomach contents. We identified 11 prey categories, in which coleopterans and orthopterans were the most important prey item for this species’ diet. It is also important to point out that plant pieces were found in the stomach of eight individuals, which might suggest a purposeful consumption. Additionally, we found no significant differences regarding the abundance, richness, and composition of prey items consumed by males and females. In contrast, we observed individuals with largest mouth breadth tend to select prey items more volumetric. Overall, our study is the pioneer to investigate the feeding habits of T. typhonius from a montane ecosystem in Brazilian semiarid region and contributes to increasing the knowledge about its natural history.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023605256
Systematic-Ecological Estimation of Seasonal Activity of Dehydrogenase in
Drained Swamp Soils of the Interstream Area of the Ob and Tom Rivers
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  Abstract: Drained peat soils (Histosols) were studied. In the mode of weak and moderate drainage, the trend of seasonal fluctuations (quadratic parabola) shows a weekly average increase in dehydrogenase activity with a weekly average deceleration, and in the intensive drainage mode, a weekly average deceleration with a weekly acceleration for June–October. A significant nonlinear relationship of enzyme activity was revealed: positive with redox potential and pH, and multidirectional with soil bulk moisture and soil temperature. According to canonical analysis, the discussed set cumulatively determines the seasonal dehydrogenase activity by 50–81%. The hydrological regime is statistically proved as a dominant factor. A negative conjugate interaction of dehydrogenase and peroxidase activity has been established, confirming their participation in the biochemical transformation of organic matter as a whole.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023606171
Phloretin Ameliorates against Bisphenol A Induced Polycystic Ovarian
Syndrome, an Endocrine Disrupting Chemical, in Prepubertal Rats
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  Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder whose etiology is not well understood and affecting 9–18% of women in reproductive age. We investigated the protective effects of phloretin against the PCOS, induced Bisphenol A (BPA) on prepubertal rat ovaries. This study started on female rats on the postnatal 28th day via subcutaneous injection by dissolving the compounds in corn oil at 30 min intervals, starting with phloretin, and followed by BPA. The dose of BPA was 50 mg/kg/day, and the doses of phloretin were 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg/day. Treatments were administered every day for 15 days. Likewise corn oil, BPA and testosterone propionate were given by the same way. BPA exposed groups, it has been observed that there are many cystic follicles in the ovary and their morphology has changed. Similarly, prolonged diestrus phases was observed in the smear cycle. The CYP11A1 and CYP17A enzymes stained intensively on the BPA group whereas these enzymes were stained weakly in the BPA + 5 and 50 mg/kg phloretin groups. In PCOS, induced by BPA, the cystic follicles were recorded on the ovaries whereas it was decreased in the BPA + phloretin groups. Prepubertal exposure to BPA was associated with decreased serum luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, increased estrogen (ERRα) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels in testosterone propiyonat and BPA + phloretin (0.5 mg/kg/day) groups. In conclusion, in rat model, phloretin has positive effects against BPA induced polycystic ovarian syndrome, also it caused positive effects on ovarian tissue and hormone secretion.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359022601173
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Three Agaricus Species
from Jammu and Kashmir, India
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  Abstract: The genus Agaricus is a saprophytic and cosmopolitan genus occurring in diverse type of habitats. In the present study, we report three interesting species of genus Agaricus viz., A. sinoplacomyces, A. sylvaticus and A. subrufescens, from different regions of Jammu and Kashmir. Identification was carried out through combined morpho-anatomical and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) sequence analysis. Agaricus sinoplacomyces is recorded for the first time from India while A. sylvaticus and A. subrufescens are reported for the first time from Jammu and Kashmir. Detailed morphological descriptions, colour photographs, line drawings, and molecular phylogeny are provided.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023606134
Defense Response Study in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) in Response to
Beet Armyworm Spodoptera exigua
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  Abstract: In the Brassicaceae family, a glucosinolate-myrosinase-based system exists against herbivory Glucosinolate-Myrosinase system is differentially compartmentalized but substrate glucosinolate enter in contact with the enzyme myrosinase when plant tissues are attacked by insects. The glucosinolate breakdown into a variety of biologically active toxins further deterrenting the herbivory of different chewing and sucking insect pests. The myrosinase enzyme present is in myrosin cells were genetically removed from B. napus plant during the seed development. These genetically modified myrosin cells free plants are known as MINELESS plant. Genetically modified oilseed rape (Brassica napus) was produced by removing toxic mines. Here, we evaluauted the tritrophic interaction between Brassica napus wildtype and genetically modified and polyphagous pest Spodoptera. In force feeding experiment, larval growth of S. exigua was slow and gained less weight on MINELESS seedlings as compared to wild-type seedling. Additionally, highest amount of total glucosinolate was found in MINELESS control than that of wild type control. Myrosinase activity was not affected by the S. exigua feeding on the MINELESS plants. However, reduced activity of myrosinase was observed in the wild-type seedlings. Moreover, the S. exigua induced the concentration of tryptophan derived glucosinolate (indol-3-yl-methyl, 1-methoxy-indol-3-yl-methyl) that was found slightly higher in MINELESS seedlings than on wild-type seedling. Feeding of S. exigua deregulated the level of glucosinolate hydrolysis products in both types of plants. Transcriptional data after S. exigua feeding on wildtype and MINELESS showed differential response of methyl jasmonate and glucosinolate responsive genes were observed. We also observed that after methyl jasmonate treatment, methyl jasmonate and glucosinolate responsive genes were incease in the wild-type and MINELESS seedlings showing their negative effect on the growth of S. exigua. Overall, generalist insect results are interesting by considering the function of myrosin cells and binary defense system. Further, same experiment should be performed against generalist and specialist insect herbivores of above- and below-ground.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023606067
Diversity and IUCN Status of Winter Migratory Avifauna of Mandothi
Wetlands, Haryana (India)
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  Abstract: Mandothi Wetlands located in district Jhajjar of Haryana, India is about 1000 acres of farmland, serves as a crucial habitat for numerous species of winter migratory birds. From December 2021 to March 2023, fortnightly periodic visits were made to the area by using scan sampling and point-cum-line transect methods. A total of 54 winter migratory birds’ species were recorded including 33 genera, 19 families, and 8 orders. Order Charadriiformes was highly diverse with the presence of 17 species in the study area. Feeding guild analysis expressed that Insectivores were the dominant ones among all guilds. As per the IUCN Red List criteria, 48 species were classified as least concern (LC) whereas, 3 species were classified as Near Threatened (NT) i.e., Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca, Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata, Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea, and 3 species were classified as Vulnerable (VU) such as Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca, Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga and Common Pochard Aythya ferina globally. Study area holds a significant role in sustaining the diversity of birds and also facing various stress factors thus it needs to be conserved.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023606572
Evaluation of the Pharmacological Efficiency of a Lipid Extract from the
Tunic of the Marine Hydrobiont Halocynthia aurantium (Pallas, 1774)
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  Abstract: The effect of the lipid extract isolated from the tunic of the marine hydrobiont Halocynthia aurantium was studied. Its administration during hypothermia, hyperthermia, muscle load, introduction of hexenal, and the vertical fixation by the dorsal neck fold, as well as its embryotoxic and teratogenic effects, was evaluated. The impact of stress (vertical fixation of rats by the dorsal neck fold) was accompanied by an increase in the plasma levels of total lipids, total cholesterol, cholesterol/phospholipid ratios, and a decrease in the total phospholipids, as well as by a change in the quantitative characteristics of classes of neutral and phospholipids. A correction of the developed changes by a lipid extract of ascidia and a commercial reference preparation Omega-3 was carried out. The lipid extract of H. aurantium showed a higher efficiency in restoring the lipid composition of the blood plasma under stress impact compared to the preparation Omega-3 due to the wider range of neutral and phospholipid classes, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 and n-6 families. The tunic of ascidian can be used as a raw material for obtaining preparations with stress-protector and lipid-correcting properties.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023605840
Genetic Consequences of the Dramatic Decline in the Northwest Pre-Caspian
Saiga (Saiga tatarica tatarica) Population: A Comparison of Modern and
Museum Samples on mtDNA and Microsatellite Loci
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  Abstract: Abstract The population of the Northwest Pre-Caspian saiga (Saiga tatarica tatarica) numbered about 800 000 individuals in the middle of the last century. There was a dramatic decline at the end of the 20th century, and by 2015 the numbers of this saiga population reached about five thousand animals. The results of microsatellite loci and of mtDNA control region analysis obtained for museum saiga samples from the Northwest Pre-Caspian population, collected at the peak of their numbers in the 1950s, are presented. We compared these data with our previous results for the samples collected during the population depression in the years 1999–2016. There were no noticeable differences in the mtDNA control region diversity between the museum and modern saiga samples. The most vivid genetic consequence of the severe decline in population numbers was a significant increase of the inbreeding coefficient (Fis) calculated from the microsatellite loci.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359024607456
Kinetics of Dietary Fibers in a Fat Sand Rat: The Importance of the
Isolating Structures of the Digestive Tract and Food Quality
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  Abstract: The passage of food through the digestive tract in an herbivorous rodent with a single-chamber semiglandular stomach, the fat sand rat Psammomys obesus, was studied by multiple marking of the food with inert plastic markers. The total mean retention time of markers in the digestive tract (DT), as well as in the stomach and caecum separately, was determined. The peculiarities of the digesta kinetics depending on the morphology of the digestive tract, diet, and the time of marker intake were clarified. The total time for removal of markers from the DT in the fat sand rat reaches 36 h. The mean retention time of markers in the DT was determined as a whole (17–18 h), as well as separately in the forestomach (7–9 h) and caecum (7–12 h). The uneven passage of feed has been revealed, which is considered as an important mechanism for maximizing the extraction of nutrients from plants, including microbial fermentation of structural carbohydrates of the food.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359024607419
Determination of Pathogenicity of Bacteria Isolated from Some Aquatic
Amphibian and Reptile Species
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  Abstract: Microflora of reptiles and amphibians pose a serious threat to the environment and humans, as these bacteria are more resistant to antimicrobials or have more virulence factors. In this study, we focused on the characterization of Gram-negative bacterial isolates obtained from Mauremys rivulata (Western Caspian turtle), Natrix natrix (Grass snake), Natrix tessellata (Dice snake) and Pelophylax bedriagae (Levantine frog) using cultural methods and determine some virulence factors (antibiotic resistance, VanA and TetM resistant genes, biofilm, siderophore and some enzymatic activities etc.). Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) and virulence index (VI) of each strain were also calculated. A total of 85 Gram-negative isolates exhibited varying levels of antibiotic resistance and the ability to produce one or more extracellular enzymes such as amylase, lecithinase, protease, lipase, hemolysis, siderophore, amino acid decarboxylase and DNase. Although the TetM has been identified in all 7 isolates, none of the isolates have shown the presence of the VanA gene. According to MAR and VI results, most of the isolates were found to be in the high threat group and these indexes were correlated with antibiotic resistance. The study data revealed that chemicals used in industry and agriculture both trigger environmental pollution and pose risk factors for wildlife.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359024604725
Molecular Characterization and Genetic Relationships in Different Mint
(Mentha L.) Species with ISSR Marker Technique
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  Abstract: In the study, it was aimed to determine the molecular characterization and genetic relationships of Mentha species obtained from different countries and regions at the molecular level and to ensure the sustainability of these species. For this purpose, ISSR marker technique, which is effective in detecting polymorphism and genetic variation within and between Mentha species, was used. In the study a total of 460 allelic bands were detected, and all bands were found to be 100% polymorphic. The maximum number of bands was produced by the ISSR7 primer (25), but the minimum number of bands was produced by the ISSR12 primer (13). The highest PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) value was detected in the ISSR3 primer (0.521) but the lowest PIC value was determined in the 903 primer (0.203). Molecular datas were analyzed using the NTSYSpc 2.02 software and it was determined that the mint species were divided into two main groups. In the results obtained, it was determined that there was no relationship between the genetic diversity and geographical origins, and the populations from different geographical regions were in the same clusters. In the study, it was concluded that there was a significant molecular diversity among the species, and that some Mentha clones, which are defined by morphological features and still remain taxonomically uncertain, were belong to which species at the molecular level. Therefore, it is insufficient to classify species with morphochemical, morphological and phenotypic characteristics.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S106235902360616X
The Content Dynamics of Phenolic Compounds and Spare Carbohydrates in
Seeds of the Invasive Species Acer negundo and the Native Species Acer
tataricum in Connection with Their Competitiveness in Biocenoses
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  Abstract: Changes in the content of various phenolic carboxylic acids (PCAs), chlorogenic (ChA), caffeic (CA), ferulic (FA), as well as the amounts of flavonoids and spare carbohydrates (monosaccharides, polysaccharides, and starch) in the tissues of Acer tataricum and Acer negundo seed embryos (indigenous and invasive species, respectively) during their storage were studied from October to March (cold chamber, T 5°C, humidity 80%). There was a significant increase in the content of ChA and the absence of CA in December–January in an aboriginal species with a long dormant period. In the invasive species A. negundo, which does not have a rest period, the level of ChA also increased, but was ten times lower than in A. tataricum, while a high level of CA was identified. In terms of flavonoid content, the native species A. tataricum is ten times superior to the invasive A. negundo. The carbohydrate content in A. tataricum was about 40%, and in the tissues of A. negundo seed embryos about 15% and did not change during the entire storage period. The dynamics of the content of phenolic compounds and forms of spare carbohydrates, their relationship with the activation of metabolic processes and protective anti-stress mechanisms during the cold storage of seeds, and competitiveness in biocenoses are discussed.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023604974
Visual Analysis of Research Status and Trends of Dendrobium Tissue Culture
Based on CiteSpace
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  Abstract: Dendrobium species, esteemed as a group of orchid plants with important ornamental and medicinal value, are currently experiencing significant developmental advancements. This research encompasses a comprehensive review of Dendrobium tissue culture literature spanning 2008 to 2023, sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Employing the bibliometric analysis tool CiteSpace, we conducted a visualization and presentation of data encompassing research institutions, authorship patterns, key terminology, and emergent themes, elucidating the current status, hotspots, and frontiers of Dendrobium tissue culture research. After thorough screening, a total of 261 papers were included in this study. The publication count exhibited a consistent annual increase. Chinese Acad Sci, Univ Sains Malaysia, North Eastern Hill Univ, Univ Debrecen, and Univ Putra Malaysia emerged as primary research institutions, while a core team led by J.A. Teixeira da Silva, S. Sreeramanan, S. Kumaria, and N. Chen played a dominant role. Central research themes revolve around optimizing the tissue culture system of medicinal Dendrobium, and exploring the genetic stability and gene function. Furthermore, the field is witnessing a trajectory towards future multidisciplinary cross-collaboration.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023606584
Lichens of the Sholayar 10 ha Permanent Plot, Western Ghats with
Allographa cinerea as New to India
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  Abstract: The paper presents the first-ever report of lichens from Sholayar 10 ha permanent plot, with a total of 38 species under 23 genera and 14 families. Of these, one species, Allographa cinerea (Fée) Lücking and Kalb reported as new to India, and nine species namely Coenogonium dilucidum (Kremp.) Kalb and Lücking, Crypthonia albida (Fée) Frisch, Enterographa divergens (Müll. Arg.) Redinger, Graphis indica J. Kalb and Kalb, Malmidea fuscella (Müll. Arg.) Kalb and Lücking, Malmidea piae (Kalb) Kalb, Malmidea subgranifera (Kalb and Elix) Kalb and Elix, and Porina subinterstes (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. as new distributional records to Kerala. The genus Crypthonia is reported for the first time in Kerala.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023606225
Melissa officinalis Interaction with Opioid Receptors Attenuates
Stress-Induced Anxiety-Like and OCD-Like Behaviors
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  Abstract: Melissa officinalis (MO) is a valuable medicinal herb from the Lamiaceae family, MO extracts possess different beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, memory enhancer, anxiolytic, and anti-depression. It seems that phytochemicals found in MO including flavonols (luteolin and apigenin) and polyphenols (rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid) are responsible for the beneficial effects of MO. The present study aimed to assess the role of opioid receptors in the effect of MO in anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in stressed rats. Male hooded rats received oral administration of MO (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg), with or without intraperitoneal injection of naloxone (1 mg/kg), and were exposed to 30 min stress, then anxiety-like and OCD-like behaviors were evaluated using light/dark box and marble burying test. Our results showed that oral administration of MO has anxiolytic effects and a reduction in OCD-like behavior in stressed rats that could be inhibited by injection of naloxone. On the other hand, in silico study showed that phytochemicals found in MO have a possible affinity for opioid receptors. Taken together, these data revealed that the opioid receptors may be involved in the anxiolytic effect of MO in stressed rats.
  PubDate: 2024-08-01
  DOI: 10.1134/S1062359023606195

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