JournalTOCs

Biochemistry and Cell Biology
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.856

Citation Impact (citeScore): 2
Number of Followers: 18

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 0829-8211 - ISSN (Online) 1208-6002
Published by NRC Research Press

[19 journals]

20 years of choices: a fight for increased funding for graduate students
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  Authors: Fabian Rohden, Thomas Bailey, Sarah Laframboise
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  After 20 years of stagnation, federal scholarships have finally been increased within the new budget of the Canadian government. Tuition fees, inflation, and costs of living kept rising, which has resulted a rising number of graduate students in the life sciences living below poverty line, despite working far more than 40 h a week on science research in Canada. This does not only negatively affect the students research projects and thus science and innovation in Canada, but also their downstream decisions on whether to continue a research career in Canada and what jobs and economic endeavors to pursue. Graduate students are not just a line item in the budgets of universities, but integral for science and innovation, as well as the future high-quality personnel of the country. This importance should be reflected in all stipends and salaries of graduate students, not just the ones with a government scholarship.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-08-27T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0029
Lactoferrin efficacy in treating hyperferritinemia in patients suffering
from pathologies unrelated to hereditary hemochromatosis
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  Authors: Giuditta Pollio, Luigi Rosa, Anna Maria Costanzo, Rosalba Paesano, Giovanni Tripepi, Piera Valenti
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  Ferritin (Ftn), a globular protein, sequesters 4500 atoms of iron per molecule. Elevated serum Ftn levels (hyperferritinemia) is an indicator of iron homeostasis disorders. We present the results of an observational study involving 17 patients with hyperferritinemia unrelated to hereditary hemochromatosis (HH). All participants received treatment with 200 mg of bovine lactoferrin (bLf) once (n = 14) or twice (n = 3) a day before meals. The patients, treated with 200 mg/day of bLf, exhibited a significant increase in red blood cells (+10%, p
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-07-09T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0061
miR-520e and its promoter region DNA methylation as potential biomarkers
in atherosclerosis
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  Authors: Mimi Mu, Gao Liu, Xiaoyu Ding, Lijun Xue, Dandan Li, Yunhua Zhu, Nan Zhang, Jia Wu, Junjun Wang
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  In atherosclerosis, DNA methylation plays a key regulatory role in the expression of related genes. However, the molecular mechanisms of these processes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are unclear. Here, using high-throughput sequencing from the Infinium HumanMethylation450 assay, we manifested that the cg19564375 methylation of miR-520e promoter region in the peripheral blood of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients was higher than that of healthy controls. As shown by RQ-MSP, the upstream DNA methylation level of the miR-520e promoter region was considerably increased in ACS patients. miR-520e was markedly downregulated in ACS patients compared with healthy controls. In the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced HUVECs injury model, DNA methylation of the upstream region of miR-520e was significantly increased. With increasing concentrations of the methylase inhibitor 5-Aza, miR-520e expression was upregulated. The silence of methyltransferase DNMT1, rather than DNMT3a or DNMT3b, abolished the influence of miR-520e expression by ox-LDL treatment in HUVECs. A dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-520e regulated the TGFBR2 3′-untranslated region region. After silencing TGFBR2, the promoting effect of miR-520e inhibitor on cell proliferation and migration may be attenuated. In conclusion, the expression of miR-520e is modified by its promoter region DNA methylation, and miR-520e and its promoter region DNA methylation may be potential biomarkers in atherosclerosis.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-06-25T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0326
Skeletal muscle mitochondrial morphology negatively affected in mice
lacking Xin
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  Authors: Grace Martin, Dhuha Al-Sajee, Molly Gingrich, Rimsha Chattha, Michael Akcan, Cynthia M.F. Monaco, Megan C. Hughes, Christopher G.R. Perry, Irena A. Rebalka, Mark A. Tarnopolsky, Thomas J. Hawke
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  Altered mitochondrial structure and function are implicated in the functional decline of skeletal muscle. Numerous cytoskeletal proteins are known to affect mitochondrial homeostasis, but this complex network is still being unraveled. Here, we investigated mitochondrial alterations in mice lacking the cytoskeletal adapter protein, XIN (XIN-/-). XIN-/- and wild-type littermate male and female mice were fed a chow or high-fat diet (HFD; 60% kcal fat) for 8 weeks before analyses of their skeletal muscles were conducted. Immuno-electron microscopy (EM) and immunofluorescence staining revealed XIN in the mitochondria and peri-mitochondrial areas, as well as the myoplasm. Intermyofibrillar mitochondria in chow-fed XIN-/- mice were notably different from wild-type (large, and/or swollen in appearance). Succinate dehydrogenase and Cytochrome Oxidase IV staining indicated greater evidence of mitochondrial enzyme activity in XIN-/- mice. No difference in body mass gains or glucose handling was observed between cohorts with HFD. However, EM revealed significantly greater mitochondrial density with evident structural abnormalities (swelling, reduced cristae density) in XIN-/- mice. Absolute Complex I and II-supported respiration was not different between groups, but relative to mitochondrial density, was significantly lower in XIN-/-. These results provide the first evidence for a role of XIN in maintaining mitochondrial morphology and function.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-06-06T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0034
Interconnected roles of fungal nuclear- and intron-encoded maturases: at
the crossroads of mitochondrial intron splicing
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  Authors: Jigeesha Mukhopadhyay, Georg Hausner
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  Group I and II introns are large catalytic RNAs (ribozymes) that are frequently encountered in fungal mitochondrial genomes. The discovery of respiratory mutants linked to intron splicing defects demonstrated that for the efficient removal of organellar introns there appears to be a requirement of protein splicing factors. These splicing factors can be intron-encoded proteins with maturase activities that usually promote the splicing of the introns that encode them (cis-acting) and/or nuclear-encoded factors that can promote the splicing of a range of different introns (trans-acting). Compared to plants organellar introns, fungal mitochondrial intron splicing is still poorly explored, especially in terms of the synergy of nuclear factors with intron-encoded maturases that has direct impact on splicing through their association with intron RNA. In addition, nuclear-encoded accessory factors might drive the splicing impetus through translational activation, mitoribosome assembly, and phosphorylation-mediated RNA turnover. This review explores protein-assisted splicing of introns by nuclear and mitochondrial-encoded maturases as a means of mitonuclear interplay that could respond to environmental and developmental factors promoting phenotypic adaptation and potentially speciation. It also highlights key evolutionary events that have led to changes in structure and ATP-dependence to accommodate the dual functionality of nuclear and organellar splicing factors.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-06-04T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0046
Antibacterial, anti-invasive, and anti-inflammatory activity of bovine
lactoferrin extracted from milk or colostrum versus whole colostrum
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  Authors: Luigi Rosa, Giusi Ianiro, Antonietta Lucia Conte, Maria Pia Conte, Livia Ottolenghi, Piera Valenti, Antimo Cutone
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  Lactoferrin (Lf), a multifunctional cationic glycoprotein extracted from milk or colostrum, is able to chelate two ferric ions per molecule, inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species, interact with the anionic components of bacteria or host cells, and enter inside host cell nucleus, thereby exerting antibacterial, anti-invasive, and anti-inflammatory activities. By virtue of Lf presence, bovine colostrum is expected to perform analogous functions to pure Lf, along with additional activities attributable to other bioactive constituents. The present research aims to compare the antibacterial, anti-invasive, and anti-inflammatory activities of bovine Lf purified from milk (mbLf) and colostrum (cbLf) in comparison to those exhibited by whole bovine colostrum (wbc). The results demonstrated a major efficacy of mbLf in inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and in exerting anti-invasive and anti-survival activities with respect to cbLf and wbc. Furthermore, mbLf lowered IL-6 levels to those of uninfected cells, while a less evident decrease was observed upon cbLf treatment. Conversely, wbc managed to slightly lower IL-6 levels compared to those synthesized by infected cells. These data demonstrate that, to obtain maximum effectiveness in such activities, Lf should be formulated/used without addition of other substances and should be sourced from bovine milk rather than colostrum.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-05-29T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0021
SENP1 knockdown potentiates the apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and reduces
cisplatin resistance of diffuse large B cell lymphoma cells via inducing
ferroptosis
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  Authors: Jinfeng Dong, Xiaoqiang Zheng
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  Ferroptosis has been regarded as a critical event in the process of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) has emerged as an oncogene in multiple human malignancies. The present work was to investigate the effects of SENP1 on the progression of DLBCL and the possible regulatory mechanism involving ferroptosis. SENP1 expression in DLBCL tissues, parental and cisplatin-resistant DLBCL cells were, respectively, tested by GEPIA database, RT-qPCR, and Western blot. Cell viability was estimated via CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry analysis estimated cell apoptosis and cycle. Western blot examined the expression of apoptosis-, cell cycle-, and ferroptosis-associated proteins. TBARS assay and BODIPY 581/591 C11 probe measured lipid peroxidation. Related assay kit assessed total iron levels. CCK-8 and flow cytometry evaluated cisplatin resistance. SENP1 expression was raised in DLBCL tissues and cells. SENP1 knockdown reduced cell viability, boosted cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and elevated cisplatin sensitivity in DLBCL. SENP1 depletion drove the ferroptosis of both parental and cisplatin-resistant DLBCL cells and ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 reversed the influences of SENP1 inhibition on cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, and cisplatin resistance in DLBCL. Anyway, SENP1 absence might facilitate ferroptosis to obstruct the development of DLBCL and cisplatin resistance.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-05-06T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0285
Characterization of cells expressing lipocalin-2 (LCN2) as a reporter
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  Authors: Kimihiko Sugaya
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), an effector molecule of the innate immune system that is small enough to be tagged as a reporter molecule, can be coupled with the ferric ion through a siderophore such as enterobactin (Ent). Mintbody (modification-specific intracellular antibody) can track a posttranslational protein modification in epigenetics. We constructed plasmids expressing the LCN2 hybrid of mintbody to examine the potential of LCN2 as a novel reporter for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cells expressing the LCN2 hybrid of mintbody showed proper expression and localization of the hybrid and responded reasonably to Ent, suggesting their potential for in vivo study by MRI.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-05-02T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0013
The journey from bench to bedside—it takes a science village
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  Authors: Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  I was fortunate enough to start my career at what was the dawn of modern-day molecular biology and to apply it to an important health problem. While my early work focused on fundamental science, the desire to understand human disease better and to find practical applications for research discoveries resulted, over the following decades, in creating a stream of translational research directed specifically toward epithelial cancers. This could only have been possible through multiple collaborations. This type of team science would eventually become a hallmark of my career. With the development of higher throughput molecular techniques, the pace of research and discovery has quickened, and the concept of personalized medicine based on genomics is now coming to fruition. I hope my legacy will not just reflect my published works, but will also include the impact I have had on the development of the next generation of scientists and clinician scientists who inspired me with their dedication, knowledge, and enthusiasm.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-04-19T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0075
Distinct domain organization and diversity of
2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetases
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  Authors: Amit Koul, Lok Tin Hui, Nikhat Lubna, Sean A. McKenna
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  The 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetases (OAS) are important components of the innate immune system that recognize viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Upon dsRNA binding, OAS generate 2′-5′-linked oligoadenylates (2-5A) that activate ribonuclease L (RNase L), halting viral replication. The OAS/RNase L pathway is thus an important antiviral pathway and viruses have devised strategies to circumvent OAS activation. OAS enzymes are divided into four classes according to size: small (OAS1), medium (OAS2), and large (OAS3) that consist of one, two, and three OAS domains, respectively, and the OAS-like protein (OASL) that consists of one OAS domain and tandem domains similar to ubiquitin. Early investigation of the OAS enzymes hinted at the recognition of dsRNA by OAS, but due to size differences amongst OAS family members combined with the lack of structural information on full-length OAS2 and OAS3, the regulation of OAS catalytic activity by dsRNA was not well understood. However, the recent biophysical studies of OAS have highlighted overall structure and domain organization. In this review, we present a detailed examination of the OAS literature and summarized the investigation on 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetases.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-04-11T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0369
Chromatin- and nucleosome-associated features in liquid biopsy:
implications for cancer biomarker discovery
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  Authors: Lucas Penny, Sasha C. Main, Steven D. De Michino, Scott V. Bratman
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from the bloodstream has been studied for cancer biomarker discovery, and chromatin-derived epigenetic features have come into the spotlight for their potential to expand clinical applications. Methylation, fragmentation, and nucleosome positioning patterns of cfDNA have previously been shown to reveal epigenomic and inferred transcriptomic information. More recently, histone modifications have emerged as a tool to further identify tumor-specific chromatin variants in plasma. A number of sequencing methods have been developed to analyze these epigenetic markers, offering new insights into tumor biology. Features within cfDNA allow for cancer detection, subtype and tissue of origin classification, and inference of gene expression. These methods provide a window into the complexity of cancer and the dynamic nature of its progression. In this review, we highlight the array of epigenetic features in cfDNA that can be extracted from chromatin- and nucleosome-associated organization and outline potential use cases in cancer management.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2024-03-13T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0004
Early pigment spot segmentation and classification from iris cellular
image analysis with explainable deep learning and multiclass support
vector machine
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  Authors: Amjad R. Khan, Rabia Javed, Tariq Sadad, Saeed Ali Bahaj, Gabriel Avelino Sampedro, Mideth Abisado
  Abstract: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Ahead of Print.
  Globally, retinal disorders impact thousands of individuals. Early diagnosis and treatment of these anomalies might halt their development and prevent many people from developing preventable blindness. Iris spot segmentation is critical due to acquiring iris cellular images that suffer from the off-angle iris, noise, and specular reflection. Most currently used iris segmentation techniques are based on edge data and noncellular images. The size of the pigment patches on the surface of the iris increases with eye syndrome. In addition, iris images taken in uncooperative settings frequently have negative noise, making it difficult to segment them precisely. The traditional diagnosis processes are costly and time consuming since they require highly qualified personnel and have strict environments. This paper presents an explainable deep learning model integrated with a multiclass support vector machine to analyze iris cellular images for early pigment spot segmentation and classification. Three benchmark datasets MILE, UPOL, and Eyes SUB were used in the experiments to test the proposed methodology. The experimental results are compared on standard metrics, demonstrating that the proposed model outperformed the methods reported in the literature regarding classification errors. Additionally, it is observed that the proposed parameters are highly effective in locating the micro pigment spots on the iris surfaces.
  Citation: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  PubDate: 2023-10-31T07:00:00Z
  DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0183

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