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Linux Journal
Number of Followers: 25  Subscription journalISSN (Online) 1075-3583 Published by Belltown Media, Inc.  [1 journal]
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- Linux Distribution deepin 23 Officially Released
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Authors: George Whittaker
Abstract:
by George Whittaker Introduction"We don't consider simply adding or removing a few upstream applications, modifying the language, wallpaper, or adjusting the application layout to be a genuine version update of an operating system. We aspire that every major version update contains a wealth of features truly needed by users and innovative content to push the boundaries of what a Linux desktop distribution can achieve, making it as powerful as commercial operating systems like Windows and macOS."— Liu Wenhuan, Founder of the deepin CommunityOn August 15, the internationally renowned open source community deepin held an online event themed "Born with AI, Remarkably Different," officially releasing the open source operating system deepin 23. This release brings significant updates, including the new DDE Vision, AI For OS, the "Linyaps" application ecosystem, and the "deepin IDE" integrated development environment."In the past 20 years, deepin has achieved significant innovations and breakthroughs in the field of open source operating systems. We have not only led the development of domestic open source distributions but also demonstrated forward-thinking in the transition to independently developed desktop environments," said Zhang Lei, Chairman of the deepin Community, in his opening remarks.As a gift for the community's 20th anniversary, deepin 23 has undergone three years of development, with over 200 product optimizations and new features, 9 version iterations, 51 internal tests, and 8 self-developed development tools. Every innovation has been aimed at making deepin 23 better.Root Community Growth, Full-Stack Independent OS DevelopmentTo truly control the development, upstream community leadership, and supply chain security of the operating system, the China server OS root community, represented by the Euler community under the OpenAtom Foundation, and the China desktop OS root community, represented by the deepin community, were established in 2022.A Linux OS root community is one that builds its OS from the Linux kernel and other open source components, without relying on upstream distributions, and has significant contributions from external individuals and companies. The first step taken by the deepin community was to build a new repository independently and develop tools based on the deepin root community, making it easier and more effective for developers to contribute. These efforts are collectively known as "independent upstream" within the community.As the first distribution based on the root community, deepin 23 has achieved independent modules at every level of the OS, providing superior development tools for global open source enthusiasts.deepin 23 is equipped with the Linux 6.6 LTS kernel, and from the repository to the application layer, the OS core components adopt many self-developed solutions: Go to Full Article
PubDate: Tue, 27 Aug 2024 16:00:00 +000
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- Optimizing DebOS for Optimal Power Management
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Authors: George Whittaker
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by George Whittaker IntroductionIn an era where energy efficiency and sustainable computing practices are becoming increasingly important, mastering power management within your operating system is more crucial than ever. DebOS, a robust and versatile operating system, offers a range of features designed to help you manage power efficiently, whether you’re using a laptop, desktop, or server. This guide will walk you through the intricacies of DebOS’s power management capabilities, providing practical insights and advanced techniques to ensure you make the most of its features.Understanding DebOSDebOS is a cutting-edge operating system renowned for its stability, security, and flexibility. Built on a solid foundation of open-source principles, DebOS is designed to offer extensive customization options while maintaining robust performance. One of its standout features is its power management capabilities, which are tailored to help users maximize efficiency and extend the life of their hardware.DebOS excels in power management thanks to its integrated tools and configuration options. It provides granular control over various power-related settings, enabling users to optimize power consumption based on their specific needs. Whether you're looking to conserve battery life on a laptop or manage energy use on a server, DebOS offers a range of solutions to fit different scenarios.Compared to other operating systems, DebOS offers a more transparent and customizable approach to power management. While many systems provide basic power-saving options, DebOS allows for deeper control and automation, making it a powerful choice for users who require more advanced features.Power Management BasicsPower management involves controlling the power consumption of a computer system to optimize performance and efficiency. It encompasses various strategies and settings aimed at reducing energy use, extending battery life, and minimizing environmental impact. Effective power management is not only beneficial for conserving energy but also for enhancing the longevity and reliability of your hardware.Typical power management features include: Go to Full Article
PubDate: Thu, 22 Aug 2024 16:00:00 +000
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- Navigating Visualization Trends with Plotly and Ubuntu
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Authors: George Whittaker
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by George Whittaker IntroductionIn the ever-evolving world of data science, data visualization has emerged as a crucial tool for transforming raw data into actionable insights. As we navigate through 2024, the landscape of data visualization continues to shift, driven by advancements in technology and changes in user expectations. Among the tools leading this transformation are Plotly and Ubuntu, both of which are redefining how we interact with and analyze data. This article delves into the trends in data visualization, explores the capabilities of Plotly, and demonstrates how to leverage Ubuntu as a powerful platform for creating sophisticated visualizations.Understanding Data Visualization TrendsData visualization has come a long way from static charts and graphs. Today, the field is characterized by several key trends:
Interactive Visualizations: Modern data visualization emphasizes interactivity, allowing users to engage with data dynamically. Interactive dashboards and plots enable users to drill down into data, explore different views, and uncover insights that static charts might obscure.
Real-Time Data Visualization: With the rise of IoT and streaming data, real-time visualization has become increasingly important. Businesses and organizations need to monitor and respond to live data, making real-time dashboards and alerts essential tools for decision-making.
AI and Machine Learning Integration: AI and machine learning are transforming data visualization by automating insights and enhancing predictive analytics. Advanced algorithms can identify patterns and trends that would be difficult to discern manually, providing deeper and more accurate insights.
Customization and Personalization: Users expect data visualizations to be tailored to their specific needs and preferences. Customizable charts and personalized dashboards allow users to view data in the most relevant way, improving the overall user experience. Introduction to PlotlyPlotly is a robust and versatile data visualization library that has gained popularity for its ability to create interactive and visually appealing charts.
What is Plotly' Go to Full Article
PubDate: Tue, 20 Aug 2024 16:00:00 +000
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- Fortifying Web Applications on Debian Servers
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Authors: George Whittaker
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by George Whittaker In the rapidly evolving digital age, web application security has become a cornerstone of IT strategies across industries. As cyber threats grow more sophisticated, the necessity of robust security measures has intensified, particularly for web applications running on Linux-based servers like Debian. This guide aims to explore the depths of web application security, focusing particularly on how to fortify applications hosted on Debian servers.Understanding the RisksWeb applications are frequently targeted by cybercriminals due to their accessibility and the valuable data they often process. Recognizing common vulnerabilities is the first step in defense:Common Web Application Vulnerabilities
SQL Injection: Malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field, allowing attackers to manipulate databases.
Cross-site Scripting (XSS): Malicious scripts are injected into websites viewed by other users, hijacking user sessions or defacing websites.
Cross-site Request Forgery (CSRF): Users are tricked into performing actions they did not intend, typically in web applications where they are authenticated.
Security Misconfiguration: Poorly configured permissions, outdated software, and default settings can leave applications vulnerable.
Sensitive Data Exposure: Inadequate protection of sensitive data like passwords, credit card numbers, and personal information can lead to breaches.Specific Challenges on Debian ServersDebian's popularity and extensive use in server environments make it a prime target for attacks. Specific challenges include managing the complex dependencies of package management and maintaining security with frequent updates.Debian Server Configuration for SecuritySecuring a Debian server involves multiple layers of defense, from initial setup to ongoing management. Go to Full Article
PubDate: Thu, 15 Aug 2024 16:00:00 +000
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- Evaluating Ubuntu Server and Oracle Linux: Which Operating System Excels
in Database Management'-
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Authors: George Whittaker
Abstract:
by George Whittaker IntroductionIn the realm of enterprise computing, selecting the optimal operating system (OS) for database management is critical to performance, security, and scalability. Two prominent contenders in this field are Ubuntu Server and Oracle Linux. Both offer unique benefits and are tailored to different kinds of enterprise needs. This article provides a comparison of both operating systems, focusing on their capabilities, performance, and suitability for database workloads.Overview of Ubuntu ServerUbuntu Server, developed by Canonical Ltd., is a free, open-source Linux distribution based on Debian. Widely recognized for its ease of use and robust performance, Ubuntu Server hosts websites, file servers, and, importantly, database servers. It supports major database systems like MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB, making it a versatile choice for various applications.Key Features Relevant to Databases:
Stability and Updates: Ubuntu offers Long Term Support (LTS) versions that receive updates for up to five years, ensuring long-term stability.
Community and Commercial Support: A vast community and options for professional support from Canonical cater to businesses of all sizes.
Compatibility and Flexibility: Extensive compatibility with popular database management systems and cloud environments.Overview of Oracle LinuxOracle Linux, crafted by Oracle Corporation, is tailored for enterprise environments, offering a robust platform especially optimized for Oracle's own products, like Oracle Database. It stands out for its deep integration with Oracle's applications and is engineered for performance in demanding environments.Key Features Relevant to Databases:
Optimized for Oracle Products: It provides a seamless environment for Oracle software, reducing compatibility issues and optimizing performance.
Kernel Options: Oracle Linux users can choose between the Red Hat Compatible Kernel (RHCK) and Oracle's Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel (UEK), which is specifically tuned for Oracle products.
Support Structure: Oracle offers comprehensive support services, which, while costly, provide significant value in enterprise settings.PerformancePerformance is a key differentiator when assessing the suitability of an OS for database workloads: Go to Full Article
PubDate: Tue, 13 Aug 2024 16:00:00 +000
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- Leveraging modprobe and lsmod for Effective Linux System Management
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Authors: George Whittaker
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by George Whittaker IntroductionLinux, renowned for its robustness and flexibility, owes much of its adaptability to kernel modules. These modules are critical components that extend the kernel’s capabilities without requiring a reboot, facilitating dynamic modification of the system’s functionality. In this article, we will delve into two pivotal tools—modprobe and lsmod—that are essential for managing these modules effectively. Understanding and utilizing these tools can greatly enhance system administration and customization.Understanding Kernel ModulesKernel modules are pieces of code that can be loaded into the kernel upon demand, providing additional functionality as required. They are essential for extending the system's capabilities, allowing hardware and software integration without altering the kernel's core structure. Common examples include device drivers for graphics cards and network interfaces, file system managers, and system utilities.Modules streamline system performance and efficiency by only being loaded when needed. This modular nature ensures that the kernel remains lightweight and responsive, as unnecessary components are not loaded into the system memory permanently.Exploring lsmodlsmod is a simple yet powerful utility that lists all currently loaded kernel modules in the system. It provides insights into which modules are active, helping administrators understand the system's current state.lsmod reads the contents from /proc/modules, which contains information about all the loaded modules. It displays the module name, size, and the count of instances that are using it, along with a list of any modules that depend on it.Using lsmod: Practical ExamplesTo use lsmod, simply type lsmod in the terminal. The output will look something like this:Module Size Used by nf_conntrack 139264 2 nf_nat,nf_conntrack_netlink iptable_filter 16384 1 ip_tables 28672 1 iptable_filter x_tables 40960 3 iptable_filter,ip_tables,ipt_REJECT This output tells us which modules are loaded, their size, and their dependencies, providing a clear snapshot of the module landscape at any given moment.Managing Kernel Modules with modprobemodprobe is a more sophisticated tool compared to lsmod. It not only lists modules but also intelligently handles loading and unloading modules and their dependencies. Go to Full Article
PubDate: Thu, 08 Aug 2024 16:00:00 +000
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- Elevate Your Linux Experience: Effective Performance Optimization
Techniques for Enhanced Speed-
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Authors: George Whittaker
Abstract:
by George Whittaker IntroductionLinux, an open source operating system, powers a vast array of devices from personal computers to servers and supercomputers. Its flexibility and efficiency have made it a popular choice among developers, system administrators, and tech enthusiasts. However, like any operating system, Linux requires performance optimization to ensure it operates at peak efficiency. This article delves into the intricacies of Linux performance optimization, offering detailed insights and practical tips to boost speed and efficiency.Understanding Performance MetricsTo optimize Linux performance, understanding the key metrics is essential. These metrics provide insights into the system’s current state and help identify bottlenecks.Key Performance Metrics to Monitor
CPU Usage: Indicates how much processing power is being used. High CPU usage may suggest the need for load balancing or process optimization.
Memory Usage: Tracks RAM consumption. Efficient memory usage is crucial for smooth operation.
Disk I/O: Measures the rate of data transfer to and from storage devices. High disk I/O can slow down the system.
Network I/O: Monitors data transfer rates over the network. Optimizing network I/O can prevent latency issues.Tools for Measuring Performance
top: Provides a dynamic, real-time view of system processes and resource usage.
htop: An interactive process viewer, offering a more user-friendly interface compared to top.
iostat: Reports on CPU statistics and I/O statistics for devices and partitions.
vmstat: Provides an overview of system performance, including memory, processes, and I/O.
netstat: Displays network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships.Setting Performance BaselinesEstablishing performance baselines involves monitoring system metrics under normal operating conditions. These baselines help in identifying deviations and potential performance issues.Optimizing CPU PerformanceThe CPU is the brain of any computer system. Optimizing CPU performance involves managing processes, tuning the kernel, and leveraging multithreading. Go to Full Article
PubDate: Tue, 06 Aug 2024 16:00:00 +000
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- Delivering Enterprise-Grade Linux for Edge-to-Cloud Deployments with eLxr
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Authors: Mark Asselstine
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by Mark Asselstine The eLxr project has launched its initial release of a Debian-based distribution that incorporates the intelligent edge capabilities of Debian, with plans to expand these for a streamlined edge-to-cloud deployment approach. eLxr is an open source, enterprise-grade Linux distribution designed to address the specific challenges of near-edge networks and workloads.What Is the eLxr Project'The eLxr project is a community-driven effort dedicated to expanding access to cutting-edge technologies for both enthusiasts and enterprise users seeking dependable and innovative solutions that scale from edge to cloud. The project produces and maintains an open source, enterprise-grade Debian-based distribution called eLxr that is user-friendly and fully honors the open source philosophy.
The eLxr project's mission focuses on accessibility, innovation, and maintaining the integrity of open source software. Developing these advancements in an enterprise-grade Debian-based distribution ensures that users benefit from a freely available Linux distribution.By emphasizing ease of adoption alongside open source principles, eLxr aims to attract a diverse range of users and contributors who value both innovation and community-driven development, fostering collaboration and transparency and the spread of new technologies.The eLxr project is implementing a robust strategy for building on Debian's ecosystem while also contributing back to it. As "Debian citizens," eLxr contributors submit innovations and improvements upstream, actively participating in the community's development efforts. This approach not only enhances eLxr's own distribution but also strengthens Debian by expanding its feature set and improving its overall quality.The ability to release technologies at various stages of Debian's development cycle and to introduce innovative new content not yet available in Debian highlights eLxr's flexibility and responsiveness to emerging needs. Moreover, the commitment to sustainability ensures that contributions made by eLxr members remain beneficial to the broader Debian community over the long term.A Unified Approach for Intelligent Deployments at the EdgeModern technology demands agility and responsiveness to rapidly changing requirements and operational challenges. By integrating cutting-edge technologies from open source communities and technology companies into its distribution, the eLxr project enables users to leverage innovations that may not yet be widely distributed or easily accessible through other channels. Go to Full Article
PubDate: Wed, 31 Jul 2024 16:00:00 +000
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- Simplifying Linux System Administration with Webmin
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Authors: George Whittaker
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by George Whittaker IntroductionLinux system administration encompasses managing the software and hardware of Linux systems, which can be complex, especially for those new to Linux or managing multiple systems. Fortunately, Webmin, a web-based interface, simplifies many of the routine tasks involved in maintaining a healthy Linux system. This article explores how Webmin can be an invaluable tool for beginners and seasoned system administrators alike by providing a straightforward approach to managing Linux configurations through a simple browser interface.What is Webmin'Webmin is an open-source web-based interface for system administration for Unix-like systems, including Linux. Developed by Jamie Cameron, Webmin removes the necessity for manually editing Unix configuration files like /etc/passwd, and lets you manage a system from the console or remotely. It extends its functionality by offering modules that manage various services, from web servers to updates.Key Features and Benefits
User-friendly Interface: Manage services through a graphical user interface without needing deep command-line knowledge.
Modular Design: Customize its functionality with various standard and third-party modules.
Accessibility: Access your servers from anywhere through a standard web browser.
Flexibility: Compatible with many Unix systems and distributions including Ubuntu, CentOS, and Debian.Getting Started with WebminWebmin can be installed on virtually any machine running Unix-like systems, but it's typically run on servers. Minimal hardware requirements make it ideal for both old and new hardware.Installation methods vary slightly between Linux distributions. Here's how to install Webmin on Ubuntu and CentOS.Ubuntu Installation
Update your package list: sudo apt update
Install dependencies: sudo apt install wget perl
Download the Webmin .deb package using wget: wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/webadmin/webmin_1.981_all.deb
Install the package: sudo dpkg -i webmin_1.981_all.deb
If there are missing dependencies, fix them: sudo apt-get install -f CentOS Installation
Add the Webmin repository: sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/webmin.repo And add the following lines: [Webmin] name=Webmin Distribution Neutral # Replace `mirror` with the closest mirror site baseurl=http://download.webmin.com/download/yum enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://www.webmin.com/jcameron-key.asc Go to Full Article
PubDate: Thu, 25 Jul 2024 16:00:00 +000
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- The Pervasive Influence of Linux on Modern Software Development and DevOps
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Authors: George Whittaker
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by George Whittaker IntroductionSince its inception in the early 1990s, Linux has grown from a hobbyist's project into a foundational pillar of the modern technological world. Its impact spans across various aspects of technology but is particularly pronounced in the realms of software development and DevOps. This article explores the transformative role of Linux in these fields, highlighting how its open source nature has fostered innovation, collaboration, and efficiency in building and managing software.Linux and Software DevelopmentLinux is more than just an operating system; it is a testament to the power of open source philosophy. Initiated by Linus Torvalds, Linux quickly became a flagbearer for open source development, demonstrating that collaborative, transparent, and freely accessible software could compete with, and often outperform, proprietary counterparts. This ethos has encouraged a culture of sharing and improvement, allowing developers worldwide to enhance the system and adapt it to a wide range of applications, from enterprise servers to personal computers.A key aspect of Linux’s influence in software development is its rich ecosystem of tools and environments that enhance programming productivity and software quality. Tools like Git, originally developed by Linus Torvalds for Linux kernel development, have become ubiquitous in software version control. Bash, the Linux command shell, and scripting language, is integral for automating tasks, simplifying complex development processes, and orchestrating workflows. Additionally, Linux’s compatibility and support for a vast array of programming languages and development tools make it an ideal environment for both developing and deploying applications.Linux has played a pivotal role in the development and popularization of several programming languages, notably Python and Ruby. These languages have thrived in part due to their strong integration and performance on Linux systems, which are commonly used for backend development. The Python programming language, for example, often used in scientific computing, web applications, and artificial intelligence, benefits significantly from the extensive libraries and frameworks developed in and for Linux environments.Linux and DevOps PracticesIn DevOps, automation is key, and Linux excels here. The operating system's ability to seamlessly integrate with various automation tools enables developers and system administrators to streamline their workflows. For instance, Jenkins, a continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) tool, runs natively on Linux and automates the parts of software development related to building, testing, and deploying, thereby increasing efficiency and reducing the scope for errors. Go to Full Article
PubDate: Tue, 23 Jul 2024 16:00:00 +000
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