JournalTOCs

Wind Energy Science
Number of Followers: 2

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2366-7443 - ISSN (Online) 2366-7451
Published by Copernicus Publications

[54 journals]

A method to correct for the effect of blockage and wakes on power
performance measurements
- Abstract: A method to correct for the effect of blockage and wakes on power performance measurements
  Alessandro Sebastiani, James Bleeg, and Alfredo Peña
  Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1795–1808, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1795-2023, 2023
  The power curve of a wind turbine indicates the turbine power output in relation to the wind speed. Therefore, power curves are critically important to estimate the production of future wind farms as well as to assess whether operating wind farms are functioning correctly. Since power curves are often measured in wind farms, they might be affected by the interactions between the turbines. We show that these effects are not negligible and present a method to correct for them.
  PubDate: Mon, 04 Dec 2023 04:55:07 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-8-1795-2023 2023
Wake characteristics of a balloon wind turbine and aerodynamic analysis of
its balloon using a large eddy simulation and actuator disk model
- Abstract: Wake characteristics of a balloon wind turbine and aerodynamic analysis of its balloon using a large eddy simulation and actuator disk model
  Aref Ehteshami and Mostafa Varmazyar
  Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1771–1793, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1771-2023, 2023
  In this paper, we numerically studied the wake characteristics and aerodynamics of a balloon wind turbine, an airborne system operating at altitudes of about 400–1000 m. The system can benefit from a stronger and steady wind flow at these altitudes. Results contribute to the wake structure and the magnitude of aerodynamic loads on the balloon in varying wind conditions at high altitudes. Findings are valuable in designing future optimized wind farms and control systems for balloon wind turbines.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Nov 2023 04:55:07 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-8-1771-2023 2023
Multi-objective calibration of vertical-axis wind turbine controllers:
balancing aero-servo-elastic performance and noise
- Abstract: Multi-objective calibration of vertical-axis wind turbine controllers: balancing aero-servo-elastic performance and noise
  Livia Brandetti, Sebastiaan Paul Mulders, Roberto Merino-Martinez, Simon Watson, and Jan-Willem van Wingerden
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-154,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  This research presents a multi-objective optimisation approach to balance vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) performance and noise, comparing the combined wind speed estimator and tip-speed ratio (WSE-TSR) tracking controller with a baseline. Psychoacoustic annoyance is used as a novel metric for human perception of wind turbine noise. Results showcase the WSE-TSR tracking controller’s potential in trading off the considered objectives, thereby fostering the deployment of VAWTs in urban areas.
  PubDate: Thu, 30 Nov 2023 04:55:07 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1542023
Mesoscale weather systems and associated potential wind power variations
in a mid-latitude sea strait (Kattegat)
- Abstract: Mesoscale weather systems and associated potential wind power variations in a mid-latitude sea strait (Kattegat)
  Jérôme Neirynck, Jonas Van de Walle, Ruben Borgers, Sebastiaan Jamaer, Johan Meyers, Ad Stoffelen, and Nicole P. M. van Lipzig
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-116,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  In our study, we assess how mesoscale weather systems influence wind speed variations and their impact on offshore wind energy production fluctuations. We've observed, for instance, that weather systems originating over land lead to sea wind speed variations. Additionally, we've noted that power fluctuations are typically more significant in summer, despite potentially larger winter wind speed variations. These findings are valuable for grid management and optimizing renewable energy deployment.
  PubDate: Mon, 27 Nov 2023 01:57:50 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1162023
Wind vane correction during yaw misalignment for horizontal-axis wind
turbines
- Abstract: Wind vane correction during yaw misalignment for horizontal-axis wind turbines
  Andreas Rott, Leo Höning, Paul Hulsman, Laura J. Lukassen, Christof Moldenhauer, and Martin Kühn
  Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1755–1770, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1755-2023, 2023
  This study examines wind vane measurements of commercial wind turbines and their impact on yaw control. The authors discovered that rotor interference can cause an overestimation of wind vane measurements, leading to overcorrection of the yaw controller. A correction function that improves the yaw behaviour is presented and validated in free-field experiments on a commercial wind turbine. This work provides new insights into wind direction measurements and suggests ways to optimize yaw control.
  PubDate: Thu, 23 Nov 2023 01:57:50 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-8-1755-2023 2023
Predicting the Onset of Dynamic Stall on Large Wind Turbines
- Abstract: Predicting the Onset of Dynamic Stall on Large Wind Turbines
  Jan Dominik Ahrens, Jasson A. Printezis, Ahmed G. Yosry, Joerg R. Seume, and Lars Wein
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-159,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  Dynamic stall introduces transient loads that excite blade vibrations, which contribute to mechanical fatigue and can lead to blade failure. In order to design wind turbine airfoils that are less prone to dynamic stall, the onset of dynamic stall has to be predicted. This work contributes to the development of reduced-order models that predict dynamic stall in a cost-efficient way. The models can be used in the design process of new airfoil geometries of future wind turbines.
  PubDate: Tue, 21 Nov 2023 23:16:29 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1592023
From wind conditions to operational strategy: optimal planning of wind
turbine damage progression over its lifetime
- Abstract: From wind conditions to operational strategy: optimal planning of wind turbine damage progression over its lifetime
  Niklas Requate, Tobias Meyer, and René Hofmann
  Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1727–1753, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1727-2023, 2023
  Wind turbines produce energy over a lifetime of at least 20 years, and they are designed to withstand the induced loads from the environment. During that long operating time, we cannot avoid causing damage to a turbine and using up the utilized materials. To gain maximum benefit from the material of each turbine, we developed a method which makes best use of their given design damage budget by optimally distributing its usage over the operating time. An operational plan is optimized to do so.
  PubDate: Mon, 20 Nov 2023 23:16:29 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-8-1727-2023 2023
Realistic turbulent inflow conditions for estimating the performance of a
floating wind turbine
- Abstract: Realistic turbulent inflow conditions for estimating the performance of a floating wind turbine
  Cédric Raibaudo, Jean-Christophe Gilloteaux, and Laurent Perret
  Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1711–1725, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1711-2023, 2023
  The work presented here proposes interfacing experimental measurements performed in a wind tunnel with simulations conducted with the aeroelastic code FAST and applied to a floating wind turbine model under wave-induced motion. FAST simulations using experiments match well with those obtained using the inflow generation method provided by TurbSim. The highest surge motion frequencies show a significant decrease in the mean power produced by the turbine and a mitigation of the flow dynamics.
  PubDate: Thu, 16 Nov 2023 18:12:40 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-8-1711-2023 2023
Increased power gains from wake steering control using preview wind
direction information
- Abstract: Increased power gains from wake steering control using preview wind direction information
  Balthazar Arnoldus Maria Sengers, Andreas Rott, Eric Simley, Michael Sinner, Gerald Steinfeld, and Martin Kühn
  Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1693–1710, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1693-2023, 2023
  Unexpected wind direction changes are undesirable, especially when performing wake steering. This study explores whether the yaw controller can benefit from accessing wind direction information before a change reaches the turbine. Results from two models with different fidelities demonstrate that wake steering can indeed benefit from preview information.
  PubDate: Wed, 15 Nov 2023 18:12:40 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-8-1693-2023 2023
Brief communication: Real-time estimation of optimal tip-speed ratio for
controlling wind turbines with degraded blades
- Abstract: Brief communication: Real-time estimation of optimal tip-speed ratio for controlling wind turbines with degraded blades
  Devesh Kumar and Mario Rotea
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-144,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  The performance of a wind turbine is affected by blade surface degradation due to wear and tear, dirt, bugs, icing. As blades degrade, optimal operating points such as the tip-speed ratio (TSR) can change. Re-tuning the TSR to its new optimal value can lead to recovery of energy losses under blade degradation. In this work, we utilize a real-time gradient-based algorithm to retune the TSR to its new unknown optimal value under blade degradation and demonstrate energy gains using simulations.
  PubDate: Wed, 15 Nov 2023 18:12:40 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1442023
Optimizing offshore wind export cable routing using GIS-based
environmental heat maps
- Abstract: Optimizing offshore wind export cable routing using GIS-based environmental heat maps
  Joni Thomas Backstrom and Nicholas Mark Warden
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-146,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  In this study, we used a combination of desktop studies, mapping, modeling and environmental impact assessment techniques to identify optimal offshore wind cable routes by navigating around sensitive or hazardous seabed areas. Similar methods can be adopted by other offshore industries during early planning phases to improve consenting, reduce costs, and importantly, minimize impacts to marine environments.
  PubDate: Tue, 14 Nov 2023 18:12:40 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1462023
On the characteristics of the wake of a wind turbine undergoing large
motions caused by a floating structure: an insight based on experiments
and multi-fidelity simulations from the OC6 project Phase III
- Abstract: On the characteristics of the wake of a wind turbine undergoing large motions caused by a floating structure: an insight based on experiments and multi-fidelity simulations from the OC6 project Phase III
  Stefano Cioni, Francesco Papi, Leonardo Pagamonci, Alessandro Bianchini, Néstor Ramos-García, Georg Pirrung, Rémi Corniglion, Anaïs Lovera, Josean Galván, Ronan Boisard, Alessandro Fontanella, Paolo Schito, Alberto Zasso, Marco Belloli, Andrea Sanvito, Giacomo Persico, Lijun Zhang, Ye Li, Yarong Zhou, Simone Mancini, Koen Boorsma, Ricardo Amaral, Axelle Viré, Christian W. Schulz, Stefan Netzband, Rodrigo Soto-Valle, David Marten, Raquel Martín-San-Román, Pau Trubat, Climent Molins, Roger Bergua, Emmanuel Branlard, Jason Jonkman, and Amy Robertson
  Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1659–1691, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1659-2023, 2023
  Simulations of different fidelities made by the participants of the OC6 project Phase III are compared to wind tunnel wake measurements on a floating wind turbine. Results in the near wake confirm that simulations and experiments tend to diverge from the expected linearized quasi-steady behavior when the reduced frequency exceeds 0.5. In the far wake, the impact of platform motion is overestimated by simulations and even seems to be oriented to the generation of a wake less prone to dissipation.
  PubDate: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:38:11 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-8-1659-2023 2023
Estimating the technical wind energy potential of Kansas that incorporates
the atmospheric response for policy applications
- Abstract: Estimating the technical wind energy potential of Kansas that incorporates the atmospheric response for policy applications
  Jonathan Minz, Axel Kleidon, and Nsilulu Tresor Mbungu
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-82,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  Estimates of power output from regional wind turbine deployments in energy scenarios assume that that the impact impact of the atmospheric feedback on them is minimal. But, numerical models show that the impact is large at the proposed scales of future deployment. We show that this is impact can be captured by accounting only for the kinetic energy removed by turbine from the atmosphere. This can be easily applied to energy scenarios and leads to more physically representative estimates.
  PubDate: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:38:11 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-822023
Evaluation of wind farm parameterizations in the WRF model under different
atmospheric stability conditions with high-resolution wake simulations
- Abstract: Evaluation of wind farm parameterizations in the WRF model under different atmospheric stability conditions with high-resolution wake simulations
  Oscar García-Santiago, Andrea N. Hahmann, Jake Badger, and Alfredo Peña
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-124,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  We studied how good the representation of wind farms in weather models is by comparing two popular and simpler methods with a detailed simulation. Our results showed that while these simple methods can predict certain aspects well, they have limitations in specific scenarios. For instance, they can accurately predict wind speed changes in certain areas but might struggle in others. Ultimately, our goal was to make wind farm predictions more reliable and beneficial for the energy sector.
  PubDate: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:38:11 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1242023
Refining the airborne wind energy system power equations with a vortex
wake model
- Abstract: Refining the airborne wind energy system power equations with a vortex wake model
  Filippo Trevisi, Carlo E. D. Riboldi, and Alessandro Croce
  Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1639–1650, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1639-2023, 2023
  The power equations of crosswind Ground-Gen and Fly-Gen airborne wind energy systems (AWESs) are refined to include the contribution from the aerodynamic wake. A novel power coefficient is defined by normalizing the aerodynamic power with the wind power passing through a disk with a radius equal to the AWES wingspan, allowing us to compare systems with different wingspans. Ground-Gen and Fly-Gen AWESs are compared in terms of their aerodynamic power potential.
  PubDate: Wed, 08 Nov 2023 15:38:11 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-8-1639-2023 2023
Brief communication: On the definition of the low-level jet
- Abstract: Brief communication: On the definition of the low-level jet
  Christoffer Hallgren, Jeanie A. Aird, Stefan Ivanell, Heiner Körnich, Rebecca J. Barthelmie, Sara C. Pryor, and Erik Sahlée
  Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1651–1658, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1651-2023, 2023
  Low-level jets (LLJs) are special types of non-ideal wind profiles affecting both wind energy production and loads on a wind turbine. However, among LLJ researchers, there is no consensus regarding which definition to use to identify these profiles. In this work, we compare two different ways of identifying the LLJ – the falloff definition and the shear definition – and argue why the shear definition is better suited to wind energy applications.
  PubDate: Wed, 08 Nov 2023 15:38:11 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-8-1651-2023 2023
Improvements to the Dynamic Wake Meandering Model by incorporating the
turbulent Schmidt number
- Abstract: Improvements to the Dynamic Wake Meandering Model by incorporating the turbulent Schmidt number
  Peter Brugger, Corey Markfort, and Fernando Porté-Agel
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-150,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  The dynamic wake meandering model (DWMM) assumes that wind turbine wakes are transported like a passive tracer by the large-scale turbulence of the atmospheric boundary layer. We show that both the streamwise transport and the lateral transport have differences to the passive tracer assumption. We then propose to include the turbulent Schmidt number into the DWMM to address the observed differences and show that it improves the quality of the model predictions.
  PubDate: Wed, 08 Nov 2023 15:38:11 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1502023
The rotor as a sensor – Observing shear and veer from the operational
data of a large wind turbine
- Abstract: The rotor as a sensor – Observing shear and veer from the operational data of a large wind turbine
  Marta Bertelè, Paul J. Meyer, Carlo R. Sucameli, Johannes Fricke, Anna Wegner, Julia Gottschall, and Carlo L. Bottasso
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-134,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  A neural observer is used to estimate shear and veer from the operational data of a large wind turbine equipped with blade load sensors. Comparison with independent measurements from a nerby met-mast and profiling lidar demonstrate the ability of the "rotor as a sensor" concept to provide high-quality estimates of these inflow quantities based simply on already available standard operational data.
  PubDate: Tue, 07 Nov 2023 15:38:11 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1342023
Combining wake redirection and derating strategies in a wind farm
load-constrained power maximization
- Abstract: Combining wake redirection and derating strategies in a wind farm load-constrained power maximization
  Alessandro Croce, Stefano Cacciola, and Federico Isella
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-145,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  For a few years now, various techniques have been studied to maximize the energy production of a wind farm, that is, from a system consisting of several wind turbines. These wind farm controller techniques are often analyzed individually and can generate loads higher than the design ones on the individual wind turbine. In this paper we study the simultaneous use of two different techniques with the goal of finding the optimal combination that at the same time preserves the design loads.
  PubDate: Tue, 07 Nov 2023 15:38:11 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1452023
On the power and control of a misaligned rotor – Beyond the cosine
law
- Abstract: On the power and control of a misaligned rotor – Beyond the cosine law
  Simone Tamaro, Filippo Campagnolo, and Carlo L. Bottasso
  Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-133,2023
  Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  We develop a new simple model to predict power losses incurred by a wind turbine when it yaws out of the wind. The model reveals the effects of a number of rotor design parameters and, even more importantly, of how the turbine is governed when it yaws. The model exhibits an excellent agreement with LES simulations and wind tunnel measurements. We showcase the capabilities of the model by deriving the power-optimal yaw strategy for a single turbine, and for a cluster of wake-interacting turbines.
  PubDate: Mon, 06 Nov 2023 15:38:11 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/wes-2023-1332023