 Subjects -> PHILOSOPHY (Total: 762 journals)
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- 10 Years On: Looking Back in Order to Move Forward into the Future
Authors: Bryn Williams-Jones, Aliya Affdal
Pages: 1 - 4
Abstract: NA
PubDate: 2022-12-09
DOI: 10.7202/1094691ar
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 4 (2022)
- Prise de décision, répartition des ressources médicales et personnes
âgées en contexte de COVID-19 : une anthropologie de et pour la
bioéthique
Authors: Alizée Lajeunesse
Pages: 5 - 19
Abstract: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, decision-making practices related to the allocation of medical resources and the treatment of the elderly inform us about the ethics present in the health care setting and at the societal level. The comparison between decision-making in the daily context and the particularity of a pandemic ethics highlights the transition between a non-pandemic ethic and a “pandethic”. The public health ethics approach, particularly utilitarian, has been brought forward in a prominent way in the ethical debates and dilemmas surrounding resource allocation and prioritization. By raising the oppositions and issues associated with age rationing discourses and choices, the question of the treatment of the elderly in the context of COVID-19, and the ageism experienced in this context, emerges. At the same time, difficult ethical decisions and choices are intertwined with the caregiver’s duty to care, and therefore the possibility of moral injury. Conflict emerges between ethical decision-making practices and the caregiver’s personal or professional values, as the balance between various duties is upset. Alternative approaches and ethics are thus put forward in light of the situations experienced, particularly in the context of long-term care. The thesis developed here aims to support the added value of anthropology to decision-making processes and its more formal integration into well-known approaches in bioethics. Using an anthropological perspective, I conclude by exploring avenues of reflection associated with the ethics of discussion, vulnerability, feminism, or care as other ways of approaching decision-making in the context of a pandemic, at a time when ethical and social reflection is essential.
PubDate: 2022-12-09
DOI: 10.7202/1094692ar
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 4 (2022)
- Privacy Considerations in the Canadian Regulation of Commercially-Operated
Healthcare Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Blake Murdoch, Allison Jandura, Timothy Caulfield
Pages: 44 - 52
Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being developed and implemented in healthcare. This presents privacy issues since many AIs are privately owned and rely on data sharing arrangements for mass quantities of patient health information. We investigated the Canadian legal and policy framework focusing on regulation relevant to the potential for inappropriate use or disclosure of personal health information by private AI companies. This included analysis of federal and provincial legislation, common law and research ethics policy. Our evaluation of the various regulatory frameworks found that together they require private AI companies and their partners in healthcare implementation to meet high standards of privacy protection that prioritize patient autonomy, with limited exceptions. We found that healthcare AI systems are required to be consistent with the rules and foundational ethical norms enshrined in law and research ethics, even if this poses challenges to implementation. Data sharing arrangements must focus on tight integration with high levels of data security, strong oversight and retention of patient control over data.
PubDate: 2022-12-09
DOI: 10.7202/1094696ar
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 4 (2022)
- Résumé critique du livre : Récits de professeurs d’université à
mi-carrière. Si c’était à refaire…
Authors: Marie-Josée Drolet
Pages: 96 - 98
Abstract: This text offers a short review of a book published by the Presses de l'Université du Québec entitled Récits de professeurs d'université à mi-carrière. Si c'était à refaire... It also takes a critical look at its content from an ethical perspective.
PubDate: 2022-12-09
DOI: 10.7202/1094703ar
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 4 (2022)
- Medical Assistance in Dying for Multiple Chemical Sensitivities: A System
Failure'
Authors: Sebastian Straube, Charl Els, Xiangning Fan
Pages: 121 - 122
Abstract: We were astonished to read a recent media news item about a 51-year-old woman in Ontario who was offered and accepted medical assistance in dying (MAID) because she was experiencing multiple chemical sensitivities, also known by its preferred diagnostic term, idiopathic environmental intolerance (IEI). Reportedly, she could not access appropriate housing. We find this concerning, as providing MAID to individuals with refractory IEI symptoms on the basis of housing unavailability implies that there were no better management options available. This case should prompt ethical reflection on whether our supports for the most vulnerable enable them to maintain basic human dignity, and whether systemic societal action in other ways could better support people with IEI.
PubDate: 2022-12-09
DOI: 10.7202/1094705ar
Issue No: Vol. 5, No. 4 (2022)
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