Authors:Gastón Becerra, Hugo Simkin First page: 1 Abstract: This editorial provides information on the election of the journal's new editor-in-chief for the years 2023–2025, new members of the editorial board, the journal's current issue's dossier, the addition of permanent journal identifiers, our appreciation for the layout team, and a list of the papers that, and a description of the papers that will be published in the regular issue. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Daniel Bar-Tal First page: 2 Abstract: The present work summarizes the main topics of the book with the same title that is presented for the purpose of transmitting the elaboration on social conflicts, in general and on the Palestinian-Israeli case in particular. This work does not offer an optimistic view, knowing how difficult it is to effect social change from a well-anchored belief system and adapt a new socio-psychological repertoire that supports peacemaking. Israel's current leadership has won the support of the majority of Jewish public opinion for its policies in relation to the conflict and there is no significant opposition that offers a clear alternative. However, we know that a solution is possible, since several cases of unresolvable conflicts ended up taking the path of negotiations and have resolved their conflict peacefully. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Jonathan Martínez-Líbano, Laura Perez Perez, María Mercedes Yeomans First page: 3 Abstract: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a complex disease that has affected millions worldwide, with more than four and a half million deaths. It is undoubtedly the most complex pandemic experienced by modern humanity, generating harmful consequences at all levels of human life, directly affecting individuals, families, and couples. Based on the above, this research proposed the following research question: What are the levels and correlation among Couple Satisfaction, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and Fear of COVID-19 in people in couple relationships in Chile during the COVID-19 pandemic' The present research methodology corresponds to a descriptive correlational type of non-experimental nature with a cross-sectional design. The sample was composed of 1,109 people—78.3% female, 21.5% male, and 0.3% non-binary—who were in a couple's relationship at the time of answering the questionnaires. At a descriptive level, the COVID-19 pandemic affected more the female gender, those who did not live with their partners, and those who did not have children. They presented higher rates of depression, anxiety, and stress. Concerning correlations, partner satisfaction had a significant and negative correlation with fear of COVID-19 (-.322; -.329), depression (-.244; -.246), anxiety (-.173; -1.53), and stress (-204; -1.88). From these results, we can conclude that being in a couple during the COVID-19 pandemic was a protective factor for mental health. These results should draw the attention of national authorities to realize possible strategies for preventing mental health problems in individuals and couples in the country. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Paula Daniela Hermida, Silvia Deborah Ofman, María Florencia Tartaglini, Carolina Feldberg, Agustín Freiberg Hoffmann First page: 4 Abstract: Retirement as a vital event, generates a set of changes on people’s lives. Social changes can be stressful and generate negative correlates on health. However, there are several mediating variables that intervene in the phenomenon of adaptation to retirement. Several studies have examined them, generally separately. Thus, the present work aims to generate an analysis of the behavior profiles of two mediating variables: social support networks and meanings about retirement. To do so the steps corresponding to a non-experimental, ex post facto, explanatory cross-sectional study. were followed. The sample was made of 300 adults, aged over 60, retired, residing in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina, who answered a socio demographic and Retirement Data Questionaire, the Inventory of Social Resources for the Elderly and the Questionnaire of Meanings about Retirement. The corresponding analyses for the data were carried out, which allowed knowing the profiles of retired elder adults in terms of their social support networks and the meanings they attribute to retirement. Based on this, the existence of three types of profiles was found: favorable, adverse and ambivalent. The findings of this study provide interesting data on the development of profiles that can influence adaptation to the changes associated with retirement PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Ana Hosne First page: 5 Abstract: This introductory study to the special issue Interdisciplinary Encounters between China and Argentina proposes a historical analysis of indirect contacts between China and modern Argentina, especially the River Plate region, from the early seventeenth century to the late nineteenth century, when a burgeoning Chinese immigration to Argentina was recorded in national censuses. The analysis of indirect contacts between these two parts of the world is divided into three historical periods. The first focuses on cartographic and geographical works elaborated by Jesuit missionaries on Chinese soil in the early seventeenth century, providing geographical information as well as descriptions of local populations in America. The second period examines representations of China in the River Plate region under the influence of Enlightenment thinkers and their ideas. The third period, between mid and late nineteenth century, is marked by the absence of these indirect contacts. However, the closeness of Great Britain as regards both China and modern Argentina respectively, encouraged "globalizing" views by certain intellectuals and essayists in the first half of the twentieth century who retrospectively connected these parts of the world. Lastly, this introduction showcases the academic articles gathered in this special issue PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Verónica Noelia Flores First page: 6 Abstract: In the context of the profound political, social and cultural transformations that took place in China at the beginning of the 20th century, this article analyzes the historical conditions that made possible the renewal of visual culture and the emergence of woodcut as a distinctive expression of a modern and socially engaged graphic art. The aim is to study its revaluation and early diffusion in Shanghai, between 1927 and 1932, through the direct support provided by the writer Lu Xun 魯迅 (1881-1936), from a cosmopolitan perspective and outside the established art institutions and exhibition circuits. Through the survey of a series of translations, publications and exhibitions of foreign woodcut art, this work tries to demonstrate how this early spread meant a recognition of the inherent richness and narrative potential of printed images and their extended native tradition, but also how these influences enabled a reflexive contact with the ways of working, creative procedures, and avant-garde style of other graphic movements outside China. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Miguel Angel Petrecca First page: 7 Abstract: This article analyzes a controversy that took place in the field of Chinese poetry in 2002, as a consequence of the appearance on the internet site Shi jianghu (诗江湖) of a series of poems by the poet Yu Jian 于坚, a key figure of the so-called “spoken language poetry” (口语诗歌). Shi jianghu (literally "Poetry Rivers and Lakes") was the name of an Internet site and forum created in 2000 by poets of the "lower body" (xiabanshen 下半身) poetry group. Certain participants of this site saw these poems as a betrayal and denounced a conservative turn in Yu Jian's work. It is in the context of this controversy that Yu Jian publishes on the same site a letter addressed to another central figure of the poetry scene, Yi Sha 伊沙, where he declares “to have taken off the avant-garde T-shirt” (wo diudiao le xianfeng pai limao我丢掉了先锋派礼帽). We will then focus on this polemic and try to understand the reactions aroused and the issues at stake. To do so, it will also be necessary to make a brief review of the evolution of Yu Jian's poetic thought. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Feifei Li First page: 8 Abstract: A macroparametric division between Double Negation (DN) and Negative Concord (NC) languages has been postulated in the literature on negation. Mandarin Chinese and Spanish have been classified as a DN and a NC language respectively. However, the interpretation of the expression of negation in NC versus DN languages is not clear-cut. This study aims to introduce and compare the interpretation of multiple negative expressions, fragment answers to negative questions and two experimental studies in these two languages. The results from the comparison show that unexpected interpretations of double negation and single negation are possible in both Mandarin Chinese and Spanish respectively under certain prosodic and gestural conditions. Accordingly, it allows us to question the parametric division between DN and NC languages. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:María Florencia Sartori First page: 9 Abstract: This article examines a series of textbooks for the teaching of Putonghua, designed to facilitate the learning of the Chinese language among descendants of migrants in Argentina. They were developed by the Chinese State through the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office (OCAO) and the Chinese Embassy in Argentina, as part of their trans-state language policies. During 2015 and 2016 I conducted surveys in two "Chinese schools" in the City of Buenos Aires. One of the materials they use is the Zhongwen textbook series. In this research, I focus on the analysis of these textbooks, which will shed light, on the one hand, on the ideologies regarding language and language learners and, on the other hand, on how these teaching materials seek to shape a homogeneous “model of overseas Chinese migrant”, thus erasing the differences with migrants of Chinese origin living in other parts of the world. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Luciana Emilia Denardi First page: 10 Abstract: In recent years, the Chinese state has redefined the role its diasporas are expected to play. The specialized literature in this regard focuses either on the development and implementation by the Chinese government of extraterritorial policies or on the impact of those policies on migrants. However, the ways both processes are linked remain barely explored. This article analyzes the trajectories of migrants with several decades of residence in the City of Buenos Aires. It investigates the strategies they develop to obtain the recognition of the Chinese state, assuming the role of "public diplomats". The methodology used is qualitative, based mainly on ethnographic work in the City of Buenos Aires in 2022. Several recent publications in digital media by the Chinese diaspora are also incorporated into the analysis. The conclusion indicates that the strategies that Chinese migrants in the City of Buenos Aires elaborate are encouraged by the quest for "gold and glory". That is, achieve a sound financial basis as well as obtain the recognition by the Chinese government, the latter especially by following and supporting official discourses and policies. In order to do so, they also use the influence of informal institutions and their hyper-integration into both Chinese and Argentine cultural configurations, in a context marked by China's leading role both globally and locally. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Eduardo Rodríguez Rocha First page: 11 Abstract: This article analyzes the production of the educational experience of a group of families of Chinese origin, from Taiwan and from the People´s Republic of China, settled in the last two decades in the city of Córdoba, Argentina. Through an analytical approach centered on intra-family agreements and collective supports for school accompaniment, this research argues that the educational accompaniment of children and adolescents of Chinese origin has not been established at a collective level. Thus, it is stated that, in the absence of collective ethnic-migratory structures of a communitarian nature that help school accompaniment, the various resources of each domestic environment play a significant role regarding the school experiences here analyzed, reproducing inequality processes associated with the conditions of the family's social origin. This article distinguishes two logics of family organization that unequally shape the educational experiences: the traditional or rigid and the emancipatory or mobile. This study is based on ethnographic research in which interviews were conducted mainly with Chinese women heads of household in three different periods: during the months prior to the outbreak of the Sars-COV2 pandemic in Argentina (January 2020), the period of remote learning during lockdown (March 2020-June 2021), and the return to in-person learning in schools (July-December 2021). PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Le Ren First page: 12 Abstract: This article examines how European missionaries, especially those from the Society of Jesus, dealt with the problem of how to adapt the Catholic sacrament of confession in the mission to China in the late Ming period. One focus of analysis is the sentiment of shame that confession could arouse, which could become one of the major obstacles for the faithful to receive this sacrament. Since Catholic confession not only requires an instance of self-examination but also an “outward judgment” by the confessor, the penitent might have been often inhibited by shame. Jesuit missionaries in China became aware of these difficulties, and tried to overcome them through a “cultural translation” of the doctrine of confession, as analyzed in this research. This translation involved a selection of certain European doctrinal elements, combining them with or adapting them to certain elements of the local culture, such as terms or rhetorical devices from Confucian books, to help the faithful overcome their shame. For a careful examination of these processes, this article focuses on the analysis of the confessional manual Dizui zhenggui 涤罪正规 (Correct Rules for the Elimination of Sins, 1627) by the Italian Jesuit Giulio Aleni (1582-1649), here conceived as an example of cultural translation of the confessional doctrine in the Jesuit China mission in the late Ming period. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
Authors:Rongqiao Wu First page: 13 Abstract: Text and image constitute two main signs of communication in contemporary visual culture, the Latin expression ut pictura poesis is currently gaining vitality and becoming an important issue in comparative literature and art studies. This paper attempts to investigate the interactions between text and image based on a comparative analysis of an album leaf (1707) by Shi Tao (1641-1707), one of the most influential and representative painters of the early Qing dynasty, and an emblem (1701) created by Otto Vaenius (1556-1629), an internationally renowned painter and engraver in the Baroque era, and Antonio Brum (1603-1668), a Spanish poet and literatus. With this aim in mind, we use semiotics, socio-cultural analysis and the framing theory developed by William Gamson and Kathryn Lasch as analytical tools. By applying this conceptual network to the two heterogeneous corpora, we can observe the representational capacities of the two artistic languages and the concrete interactive forms between them to describe the same artistic theme, as well as the analogies and differences between the corpora in representing the leitmotiv of friendship and virtues. PubDate: 2023-04-09 Issue No:Vol. 8, No. 2 (2023)
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