 Subjects -> PHILOSOPHY (Total: 762 journals)
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- Editorial
Authors: Darío Paez, Gastón Becerra, Hugo Simkin
Abstract: Resumen
PubDate: 2024-07-02
DOI: 10.62174/{psocial}.v9i2.9326
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2024)
- Images of God and their mediating role in the relationship between
right-wing authoritarianism and attitudes towards homosexuality in
Peruvian Catholic and evangelical believers
Authors: Giácomo Olano Raffo, Agustín Espinosa, Mathias Schmitz, Harry Michael Lewis
Abstract: A dichotomous representation of God is identified within Christianity; on the one hand, the figure of God is represented as a benevolent entity; on the other, He appears as a judge who judges sin. Both images are positively associated with right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), although to a greater extent with respect to the punishing vision of God. Both images are inversely associated with positive attitudes towards homosexuality. Again, the magnitude of this relationship is greater with the image of a punishing god. Mediation analysis found that the relationship between RWA and positive attitudes toward homosexuality are mediated by the image of a punishing God, but not by the benevolent image. Participants could be categorised in line with their levels of accordance with each of the two images of God presented; the first, labelled ‘non-fundamentalist´ reported a high level of endorsement for the image of God as benevolent, but a low level of endorsement for the image of God as punishing. The second, labelled ‘fundamentalist’ captured those who endorsed the inverse of this relationship.Comparisons between the two groups show that the latter are systematically more authoritarian and report higher levels of negative attitudes towards homosexuality. In the discussion we consider the idea that religious belief can have a paradoxical effect on prejudice.
PubDate: 2024-07-02
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2024)
- Balancing Work and Family: The Impact of Work-Family Conflict on
Children's Behavior in Australia
Authors: Alexandra Lipasova
Abstract: This study examines the impact of work-family conflict (WFC) and parental irritability on children's externalizing problems in various family structures in Australia. The findings reveal that for mothers from intact families, WFC is a predictor of children's externalizing problems throughout their childhood and adolescence. However, for fathers from intact families and sole mothers, WFC is not associated with children's externalizing problems. Moreover, while the association between paternal irritability and children's externalizing problems exists for all groups of parents, it is stronger for mothers than for fathers. These results highlight the potential negative outcomes for children resulting from parental distress in an adverse context of weak family policies in a liberal welfare state and the persistence of traditional gender values in couples.
PubDate: 2024-07-02
DOI: 10.62174/{psocial}.v9i2.9154
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2024)
- Intergenerational Educational Mobility and Interest in Pursuing a Doctoral
Degree among University Students in Chile
Authors: Rodrigo Torres, David Naranjo
Abstract: Intergenerational educational mobility (IEM) is defined as the association between parents' educational level in relation to that of their adult daughters or sons, being one of the primary mechanisms of social mobility in modern societies and an indicator of the degree of equal opportunities within a society. This article analyzes the role of IEM, measured based on the educational level of the head of household, in relation to the interest in attaining a doctoral degree among university students in Chile. Using data from the 9th National Youth Survey, the sample for this study comprises 1,451 students enrolled in a university in Chile, both male and female, from all regions of the country. Through multivariate analysis using binary logistic regressions, the results suggest that the educational level of the head of the household is the main socioeducational predictor of interest in pursuing doctoral studies among university students in Chile. Particularly noteworthy is the strong association between household heads with postgraduate studies and students interested in pursuing doctoral studies. This emphasizes the social differences resulting from the influence of the family's socioeducational background and the academic goals of the students, aspects that characterize the Chilean educational system.
PubDate: 2024-07-02
DOI: 10.62174/{psocial}.v9i2.9175
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2024)
- Forming a Global Community: Addressing Global Challenges through Human
Interdependence
Authors: Joseph de Rivera
Abstract: In the contemporary era, technological advancements have interconnected the world more than ever before, bringing both significant benefits and considerable challenges. This article explores the necessity of forming a global community to address critical issues such as climate change, political instability, social inequity, and economic inequality. Macmurray argues that our current global system is flawed due to its focus on arbitrary nation-states rather than essential human communities. The article examines the transformation of identity, community, and religious practices required to foster empathy, mutual support, and a global consciousness. Practical steps for establishing governance structures based on love and a political economy oriented towards common welfare are outlined, providing a comprehensive blueprint for creating a more just and compassionate world.
PubDate: 2024-07-02
DOI: 10.62174/{psocial}.v9i2.9748
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2024)
- Building social fabric in Latin America
Authors: José Ignacio Ruiz-Pérez
Abstract: This dossier is dedicated to social fabric, its components and related predictive/criteria variables. A definition of “social fabric” includes people, institutions, social beliefs, cultural values, a sense of community and relationships between these components (Hayden, 2011). Collective or massive violence can break social bonds and these dynamics may intensify may processes of economic impoverishment, social isolation, fear, and public health problems, among other effects. Around the world, many countries have suffered decades of civil wars, corruption, military governments and or persistent violation of main human rights. On the other hand, in Latin America, reports as Latinobarometro (2023) show a decline in support for democracy, which is associated with high levels of inequality, high discredit of political and judicial institutions and high scores of delinquency. Under these perceptions, Latin America region became vulnerable to populism and authoritarianism (Corporación Latinobarómetro, 2023).
PubDate: 2024-07-02
DOI: 10.62174/{psocial}.v9i2.9747
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2024)
- Forgiveness, reconciliation, and justice from the perspective of family
members of victims of violence in Mexico
Authors: Hiram Reyes-Sosa, Verónica Molina-Coloma, Misha Vivian Hernández-Bustos, Anderson Mathias Dias Santos
Abstract: In Mexico, violence and insecurity have been established as two social problems that concern and affect the daily life of society. In view of this situation, the current Mexican government has proposed that the country undergo a process of pacification. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the understanding and disposition that victims of violence have regarding forgiveness, reconciliation, and justice. A sample of 42 individuals from the states of Sinaloa and Coahuila with a mean age of 34.67 years (SD= 11.58) participated in this research. The results of this study indicated that participants presented an ambiguous discourse on forgiveness and reconciliation, which was mediated by justice. Although there may be a certain willingness to forgive and reconcile, the latter should be accompanied by a process of retributive justice in which the aggressor is punished for the offense committed. In sum, it is also important to emphasize that the participants understand forgiveness and reconciliation as two different processes. However, they also point out that it is necessary for both to be present in order to think about initiating a process of pacification and reconstruction of the social fabric.
PubDate: 2024-07-02
DOI: 10.62174/{psocial}.v9i2.9741
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2024)
- Citizenship culture and collective efficacy; psychometric properties and
relationships with crime and demographic factors in Mexican university
students
Authors: Luz Anyela Morales-Quintero, José Ignacio Ruiz Pérez, Elsy Claudia Chan-Gamboa, Jesús Vaca-Cortés
Abstract: Levels of Citizenship Culture (CC) and Collective Efficacy (CE) were measured in three Mexican cities. Participants were 1007 university students from Chihuahua, Guadalajara, and Puebla, with a mean age of 19.7 years, who were mostly women (65.1%). CC and CE scales showed high internal reliability and factor solutions relevant for the theories of each construct. CC and CE showed significant direct correlations (0.237, . <.001). Relationships were also found between these variables and socioeconomic status, age, and sex. Moreover, the inverse and significant relation between CC and CE with victimization and criminality was confirmed. The city with the lower CC and CE was Chihuahua, which, in turn, displayed the highest victimization and crime rates. Given that the subjects in this study were university students, results should be interpreted with caution as regards their external validation. However, these findings suggest the usefulness of these scales for performing diagnoses, formulating policies, and assessing actions and programs focused towards reducing violence and insecurity by strengthening solidarity, norm compliance, and citizen participation, which may contribute to the promotion of peace.
PubDate: 2024-07-02
DOI: 10.62174/{psocial}.v9i2.9745
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2024)
- Social representations of democracy in Colombia: a dimensional and
territorial approach
Authors: José Ignacio Ruiz-Pérez, Nancy Marina Vargas Espinosa, Kelly Obispo Salazar, Maryluz Gómez Plata, Guisella Chamorro Molina, José Raúl Jiménez
Abstract: The objective of this study was to understand the organizing principles of the social representations of democracy in higher education students in Colombia, and their anchoring in sociodemographic and territorial variables. In three periods of time (2010, 2012 and 2017) students at university and technical/technological careers (total number: 12,171) from the 32 capital cities of each department in Colombia responded to a Scale of Social Representations of Democracy (ERSD) and to a list of sociodemographic variables. In a macro-level analysis, departmental averages of Democracy Balance were crossed with macro indicators of crime, extreme poverty, life expectancy and indigenous population percentage. Results show a seven dimensions factorial structure without significant relationships with age, gender or social class. At a macro level, regions with a high proportion of indigenous population showed a more positive evaluation of democracy over time, while higher crime rates are associated with a more negative evaluation of democracy.
PubDate: 2024-07-02
DOI: 10.62174/{psocial}.v9i2.9749
Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2024)
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