 Subjects -> PHILOSOPHY (Total: 762 journals)
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- Jean-Robert Chouet and the Expériences sur la nature et les effets du
venin des vipères
Authors: Elena Rapetti
Pages: 1 - 26
Abstract: Jean-Robert Chouet is known for having introduced the Cartesian philosophy first to the Academy of Saumur and then to that of Geneva. This article focuses on Chouet’s activity as experimental scientist through the analysis of his unpublished manuscript entitled Expériences sur la nature et les effets du venin des vipères (1671). By relying on experimentation to take a position on the lively quarrel between Francesco Redi and Moyse Charas, Chouet recognises the important role played by experience alongside reason in natural philosophy. Although it would be incorrect to compare him to a radical empiricist like Redi, Chouet can certainly be related to Jacques Rohault for his penchant to combine reasoning and observation.
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.14114
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- « Dicitur lupus, quia in die comedit unam gallinam »: Beyond the
Metaphor: Lupus Disease between the Middle Ages and the Early Modern
Period
Authors: Alessandra Foscati
Pages: 27 - 53
Abstract: In the Middle Ages, a severe ulcerative lesion of the lower limbs consuming a sick person’s flesh was named lupus because it was metaphorically associated with the wolf, probably with respect to the feared anthropophagic characteristic of this beast. Thirteenth-century theologians’ commentaries on the Bible linked lupus with morbus regius, a polysemic term that could denote jaundice, scrophula or leprosy. Moreover, for reasons of lexical proximity, lupus was at times confused with lupia, a subcutaneous swelling. The aim of this article is to present an inquiry of the earliest appearance of lupus as nosographic name and its exact meaning(s) and possible synonyms found in different sources, as well as a study on the competition among these different diseases names. The investigation will serve as a significant heuristic example for the purpose of demonstrating the overall complexity of the nosologic lexicon of the past.
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.14304
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Following the Steps of the Ikhwān al-Ṣafā’ in the Ottoman World. II:
‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Bisṭāmī and His tashjīr Diagrams of Science
Authors: Godefroid de Callataÿ
Pages: 55 - 88
Abstract: In various places of his extensive production the fifteenth-century littérateur and occultist ‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Bisṭāmī (d. 858/1454) presents a classification of the sciences in the form of a tree. In this paper we discuss four variants of this ‘tashjīr’ representation from four different works of al-Bisṭāmī as they have come down to us in manuscripts. We compare these diagrams with one another, discuss their respective textual environments, and bring al-Bisṭāmī’s arboreal representations in line with the classification of the sciences of the Ikhwān al-Ṣafā’, their obvious source. By putting this tashjīr representation side by side with other examples of tree-shaped science classifications inside and outside the Islamic world, we seek to better assess al-Bisṭāmī’s original contribution in turning the Ikhwān’s system of organizing knowledge into a tree-shaped diagram.
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15055
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- From Moorish Exile: The Glosses of al-Ḥaǧarī Bejarano to the Leiden
Codex from the Kitāb al-Mustaʿīnī of Ibn Buklāriš
Authors: Juan Carlos Villaverde Amieva
Pages: 89 - 192
Abstract: This article presents a contextualized study and edition of the marginal annotations of the manuscript Cod. Or. 15 of the Leiden University Library, which contains a version of the treatise on simple medicines entitled Kitāb al-Mustacīnī by the Andalusian Jew Ibn Buklāriš. Drug names were glossed in Spanish (sometimes in other languages, such as Latin, and occasionally in French) by Aḥmad b. Qāsim al-Ḥaǧarī (also known as Diego Bejarano). This well-known Morisco partially restored and copied the manuscript, while illustrating the nomenclature of the pharmacological treatise with glosses and comments recorded along with their Arabic names, before the acquisition of the codex in Morocco (between 1622 and 1624) by the famous Dutch orientalist Golius.
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15056
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- The Forgotten Gifts of Hermes: The Latin Reception of Proclus’
Commentary on Euclid’s Elements
Authors: Álvaro José Campillo Bo
Pages: 193 - 278
Abstract: The present work offers an account of the Latin reception of Proclus’ Commentary in the first book of Euclid’s Elements (In Euclidem). The overall goal of this paper is to offer a unified historical and philological map as a ground-tool for understanding the Latin reception of In Euclidem from the early 16th century to the 17th century, which includes manuscript sources hitherto overlooked. I will deal with the three known complete translations produced by Bartolomeo Zamberti (1473–1543), Giovanni Battista Gabia (c.1500–1590), and Francesco Barozzi (1537–1604), as well as with five fragmentary translations embedded in the works of Giorgio Valla (1447–1500), Jerónimo Muñoz (1520–1591), Conrad Dasypodius (1532–1600), Federico Borromeo (1564–1631), and Johannes Kepler (1571–1630). Each of these translations and the intentions of their authors are discussed in chronological order. Five of them (following the fragment chosen by Kepler) are partially edited in the Appendix.
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15193
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Humanism, Transculturalism and Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Jews
Authors: Eleazar Gutwirth
Pages: 279 - 309
Abstract: This article explores the evidence for Transculturalism and Humanism, in the early modern sense of the concepts, amongst Jews of the Ottoman Empire. In the first part of the article, attention is paid to the growing numbers of humanist European travelers to the Ottoman Empire and their relations with Istanbul Jews. The second section of the article is concerned with Ragusa, part of the Ottoman orbit since the fifteenth century. Here, attention is paid to Didacus Pyrrhus, member of an Ottoman Jewish family and the only great Jewish Neo-Latin poet of his age. The third section focuses on Ottoman Cairo and the discoveries and identifications of fragments of works for the theatre in Spanish in Hebrew characters. They attest to an interest in humanist texts. Finally, by way of conclusion, the article examines a specific case of cultural transfer and common ground between Christian humanists and Jewish traders.
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15213
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- « Papa Eugenius transferri fecit »: The De fide orthodoxa and Its
Reception between the 12th and 13th Century, Seen through MS Pisa,
Biblioteca Cathariniana, 2
Authors: Riccardo Saccenti
Pages: 311 - 376
Abstract: The article offers a study of the manuscript Pisa, Bibliotheca Cathariniana 2, a mid thirteenth-century codex containing John of Damascus’s De fide orthodoxa in the Latin translation by Burgundio of Pisa. The study analyses the features of the text in this manuscript, noting the presence of the traces of the translation method which Burgundio used in the mid of the twelfth century. It also analyses the glosses in the margins, which suggest the use of the manuscript for teaching purposes within a context deeply linked with the reception of Parisian theological influences. In particular it shows the presence of cross-references to passages from Peter Lombard’s Sentences and of two disputed questions of Guerric of St. Quentin. The study presents this manuscript as a witness of the plural history of the doctrinal discourse in twelfth- and thirteenth-century Europe.
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15241
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- A Third Latin Translation of Ibn al-Ṣaffār’s Treatise on
the Uses of the Astrolabe
Authors: C. Philipp E. Nothaft
Pages: 377 - 412
Abstract: This article addresses the contents of the twelfth-century fascicle contained in MS Lyon, Palais des Arts, 45, which is largely devoted to texts on computus and the astrolabe. Included among the latter are 24 anonymous chapters on astrolabe use, which appear to stem from a previously unrecorded translation of Ibn al-Ṣaffār’s Kitāb fī-l-ʿamal bi-l-asṭurlāb (Book on the Uses of the Astrolabe). This would make the chapters in the Lyon manuscript the third such translation to come to light after the well-known twelfth-century translations by John of Seville and Plato of Tivoli. The article includes an edition of the text in question as well as two further appendices providing a breakdown of its content as well as a description of the Lyon fascicle.
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15281
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- In memoriam Simo Knuuttila (8.V.1946–17.VI.2022)
Authors: Virpi Mäkinen
Pages: 413 - 416
Abstract: In memoriam Simo Knuuttila (8.V.1946–17.VI.2022).
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15510
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- In memoriam John W. O’Malley, S.J. (11.VI.1927–11.IX.2022)
Authors: Camilla Russell
Pages: 417 - 421
Abstract: In memoriam John W. O’Malley, S.J. (11.VI.1927–11.IX.2022).
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15573
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- In memoriam Shlomo Sela (9.I.1948–26.VII.2022)
Authors: Steven Harvey, Niran Garshtein
Pages: 423 - 451
Abstract: In memoriam Shlomo Sela (9.I.1948–26.VII.2022).
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15526
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Finally! On the Publication of the Critical Edition of the Latin
Translation of Maimonides’ Guide of the Perplexed
Authors: Ruedi Imbach
Pages: 453 - 462
Abstract: Review article of: Moses Maimonides, Dux neutrorum vel dubiorum, pt. I, ed. Diana Di Segni, Peeters, Leuven 2019 (Recherches de Théologie et Philosophie médiévales, Bibliotheca, 17, 1).
PubDate: 2023-03-31
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15244
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- « Mahumetani sinenses velint de lege christiana et mahumetana disserere
»: A Note on the Brevis apparatus et modus agendi ac disputandi cum
mahumetanis by Carlo of Castorano (1673–1755)
Authors: Alexander Fidora
Pages: 463 - 469
Abstract: Review article of: P. Carolus Horatii a Castorano O.F.M., Brevis apparatus et modus agendi ac disputandi cum mahumetanis et opuscula breviora, ed. José Martínez Gázquez, Nàdia Petrus Pons, Antonianum, Roma 2021.
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.14363
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- « We Are such Stuff as Dreams Are Made on, and Our Little Life Is Rounded
with a Sleep »: A Re-edition of the Somniorum Synesiorum Libri IIII and a
New Edition of Girolamo Cardano’s De vita propria
Authors: Massimo Tamborini
Pages: 471 - 507
Abstract: Review article of: Jérôme Cardan, Traité des songes / De somniis, Édition, traduction, introduction et notes par Jean-Yves Boriaud, Les Belles Lettres, Paris 2021 (Les Classiques de l’Humanisme), XXXV + 953 pp.; Jérome Cardan, Le livre de ma vie / De vita propria, Introduction, édition et traduction par Jean-Yves Boriaud, Les Belles Lettres, Paris 2020 (Les Classiques de l’Humanisme), XXVI + 406 pp.
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15245
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- A New Season for the Study of Byzantine Theories of Vision
Authors: Roberto Zambiasi
Pages: 509 - 539
Abstract: The article reviews in an extended and critical way Roland Betancourt, Sight, Touch, and Imagination in Byzantium, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018. After putting the book in the context of contemporary scholarship on Byzantine theories of vision, the article sketches the structure and contents of the book (together with its methodology), before moving on to a critical discussion of the interpretation of some important Late Antique and Byzantine theories of vision advanced by Betancourt, especially that of Galen, together with its reception in Nemesios of Emesa and in the later Byzantine world (focusing on its relation with the Eucharistic theology and Christology of Nicholas Kabasilas). The article ends by stressing the value of Betancourt's book insofar as the wealth of material it collects will allow scholars to deepen and enrich the study of Byzantine theories of vision.
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.14372
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Private War: Origin and End of the Modern State' From the Nationalisation
of Violence to the Depersonification of the jus belli
Authors: Griselda Gaiada
Pages: 541 - 563
Abstract: This article aims to examine from the point of view of philosophy the relationship between the concepts of State, jus belli and private war by distinguishing two analytical moments. The first one focuses on the evolution of the philosophical concepts that made possible the emergence of the modern sovereign State; the second one, on the process of crisis that these concepts seem to be undergoing today. In both cases, private war is at the centre of the question. More precisely, I defend the thesis that private warfare is at the origin of State magnitude and of the current signs of its decline. If the modern State represented in essence what I will call a “personification of jus belli”, the reverse side of this thesis becomes an obligatory step in a reflection that could not confine to the sole historical interest within its disciplinary field. In this respect, this paper is grounded on two questions, namely: 1) Might the process of de-personification of jus belli lead to the disappearance of the differentiations forged over more than three centuries' Can the “new condotta” be interpreted as an attempt to symmetrise warfare in the face of agents who practice war without responding to a state logic'
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15191
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Robert Grosseteste’s Translation of Simplicius’s Commentary on
Aristotle’s De caelo: Tracking down a Second Manuscript and the Greek
Model
Authors: Pieter Beullens
Pages: 565 - 594
Abstract: The note surveys the reception history of Robert Grosseteste's Latin translation of Aristotle's De Caelo and of Simplicius's commentary on the same treatise. It presents the analysis of previously unnoticed fragments from a second manuscript of the translation. Their discovery necessitates the revision of earlier ideas about the limited dissemination of the text. The note also confirms a neglected hypothesis about the Greek model that Grosseteste used for his translation. A late-15th-century manuscript must be considered a direct copy of Grosseteste's lost Greek codex.
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15273
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Domingo Báñez (1528-1604) and the novus philosophus: Cajetan, Franciscus
Toletus, and the (In)equality of Human Rational Souls
Authors: Russell L. Friedman
Pages: 595 - 634
Abstract: This article takes its point of departure in a puzzle in the little studied De generatione et corruptione commentary by Spanish Dominican Domingo Báñez, first published in 1585. Specifically, five times in the work, Báñez takes as his opponent an otherwise unidentified novus philosophus or novus author. Using parallel texts, I show Báñez’s novus philosophus was none other than the Jesuit Franciscus Toletus. I then trace some of the background to one of the issues on which Báñez criticizes Franciscus: the issue of whether or not human rational souls are equal to one another in terms of substantial perfection. The central place of Thomas de Vio Cajetan in the dispute between the Dominican and the Jesuit quickly becomes clear. In an appendix, I offer complete question lists of the relevant natural philosophical works by Franciscus from which Báñez quotes or paraphrases, i.e. Franciscus’s Physics, De generatione, and De anima commentaries.
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15643
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- George Amiroutzes, The Philosopher, or On Faith, edited and translated by
John Monfasani, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 2021 (Graphai, 1),
256 PP., ISBN: 9780884024859
Authors: Dominique O'Meara
Pages: 635 - 642
Abstract: Review of: George Amiroutzes, The Philosopher, or On Faith, edited and translated by John Monfasani, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 2021 (Graphai, 1), 256 PP., ISBN: 9780884024859.
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15282
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Jean-Claude Schmitt, Le cloître des ombres, suivi de la traduction
française du Livre des révélations de Richalm de Schöntal avec la
collaboration de Gisèle Besson, Éditions Gallimard, Paris 2021
(Bibliothèque des histoires), 469 PP., ISBN: 9782072931468
Authors: Carla Casagrande
Pages: 643 - 650
Abstract: Review of: Jean-Claude Schmitt, Le cloître des ombres, suivi de la traduction française du Livre des révélations de Richalm de Schöntal avec la collaboration de Gisèle Besson, Éditions Gallimard, Paris 2021 (Bibliothèque des histoires), 469 PP., ISBN: 9782072931468.
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15101
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Karla Mallette, Lives of the Great Languages: Arabic and Latin in the
Medieval Mediterranean, The University of Chicago, Chicago – London
2021, 240 PP., ISBN: 9780226795904
Authors: Charles Burnett
Pages: 651 - 652
Abstract: Review of: Karla Mallette, Lives of the Great Languages: Arabic and Latin in the Medieval Mediterranean, The University of Chicago, Chicago – London 2021, 240 PP., ISBN: 9780226795904.
PubDate: 2023-03-30
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15283
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Dario Gurashi, In deifico speculo. Agrippa’s Humanism, Translated from
Italian by Brian Mcneil, Brill – Wilhelm Fink, Paderborn 2021
(Humanistische Bibliothek, I; Abhandlungen, 67), 218 PP., ISBN:
9783770566518
Authors: María del Carmen Molina Barea
Pages: 653 - 659
Abstract: Review of: Dario Gurashi, In deifico speculo. Agrippa’s Humanism, Translated from Italian by Brian Mcneil, Brill – Wilhelm Fink, Paderborn 2021 (Humanistische Bibliothek, I; Abhandlungen, 67), 218 PP., ISBN: 9783770566518.
PubDate: 2023-03-29
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i.15083
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- John Jeffries Martin, A Beautiful Ending. The Apocalyptic Imagination and
the Making of Modernity, Yale University Press, New Haven – London 2022,
VIII + 324 PP., ISBN: 9780300247329
Authors: Aldri Cela
Pages: 661 - 671
Abstract: Review of: John Jeffries Martin, A Beautiful Ending. The Apocalyptic Imagination and the Making of Modernity, Yale University Press, New Haven – London 2022, VIII + 324 PP., ISBN: 9780300247329.
PubDate: 2023-03-29
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i-.15382
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Steven E. Jones, Roberto Busa, S. J., and the Emergence of Humanities
Computing: The Priest and the Punched Cards, Routledge, London – New
York 2016, 196 PP., ISBN: 9781315643618
Authors: Margherita Fantoli
Pages: 673 - 681
Abstract: Review of: Steven E. Jones, Roberto Busa, S. J., and the Emergence of Humanities Computing: The Priest and the Punched Cards, Routledge, London – New York 2016, 196 PP., ISBN: 9781315643618.
PubDate: 2023-03-29
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i-.15563
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Manuel II Palaelogus Imperator, Opera theologica. Apologia de processione
spiritus sancti. Tractatus de ordine trinitate. Epistula ad dominum
Alexium Iagoupem, ed. C. Dendrinos, Brepols, Turhout 2022 (CCSG, 71), CLII
+ 433 PP., ISBN: 9782503528076
Authors: Carlos Martínez Carrasco
Pages: 683 - 685
Abstract: Review of: Manuel II Palaelogus Imperator, Opera theologica. Apologia de processione spiritus sancti. Tractatus de ordine trinitate. Epistula ad dominum Alexium Iagoupem, ed. Charalambos Dendrinos, Brepols, Turhout 2022 (Corpus Christianorum. Series Graeca, 71), CLII + 433 pp., ISBN: 9782503528076.
PubDate: 2023-03-29
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i-.15432
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
- Antonella Sannino, Reading William of Auvergne, SISMEL–Edizioni del
Galluzzo, Firenze 2022 (Micrologus Library, 113), VI + 193 PP., ISBN:
9788892901667
Authors: Natalia Jakubecki
Pages: 687 - 690
Abstract: Review of: Antonella Sannino, Reading William of Auvergne, SISMEL–Edizioni del Galluzzo, Firenze 2022 (Micrologus Library, 113), VI + 193 PP., ISBN: 9788892901667.
PubDate: 2023-03-29
DOI: 10.21071/mijtk.v8i-.15707
Issue No: Vol. 8 (2023)
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