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- Epistemic Involuntarism and Undesirable Beliefs
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Authors: Deborah K. Heikes
Abstract: Epistemologists debate the nature of epistemic responsibility. Rarely do they consider the implications of this debate on assigning responsibility for undesirable beliefs such as racist and sexist ones. Contrary to our natural tendency to believe and to act as if we are responsible for holding undesirable beliefs, empirical evidence indicates that beliefs such as implicit biases are not only unconsciously held but are intractably held. That is, even when we become consciously aware of our biases, we have enormous difficulty changing them and believing differently than we do. This paper considers five responses to epistemic involuntarism. It considers how each response provides or fails to provide a principled means for holding individuals epistemically responsible for their undesirable beliefs. The involuntaristic nature of at least some beliefs seems obvious, but, in the end, we can choose to cultivate epistemic virtues that can influence these beliefs.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:08 GMT
- Can Utilitarianism Make Sense of ‘Political Obligation’'
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Authors: Brian J. Collins
Abstract: Despite utilitarianism’s status as one of the major ethical theories, historically it has largely been dismissed by theorists concerned with political obligation. The primary goal of this paper is to respond to the structural objections that have been leveled against utilitarian accounts of political obligation. In the process of responding to these objections I fi rst offer a sketch of a general account of “obligations” which the utilitarian can endorse. Secondly, I argue that anti-utilitarian theorists have missed an important ethical distinction between “derivative” and “nonderivative” moral principles. The failure to make this distinction, as it relates to ‘political obligation,’ has not only brought about the categorical dismissal of utilitarian accounts it has also muddied the terms and goals of the debate generally.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:07 GMT
- NIMBYism and Nationalism
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Authors: Travis Quigley
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:07 GMT
- Recalcitrant Beliefs and Epistemic Akrasia
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Authors: Jerry Green
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:06 GMT
- Rilkean Memory, Epistemic Injustice, and Epistemic Violence
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Authors: Josué M. Piñeiro
Abstract: Mark Rowlands develops a novel account of remembering in which episodic memories survive in a mutated form after their content has been long forgotten. He dubs this account “Rilkean memories.” I draw from this account to argue that episodic memories of past epistemic harms resulting from Miranda Fricker’s account of testimonial injustice, can persist as embodied behavioral or bodily dispositions that have negative epistemic and practical consequences long after these episodic memories have been forgotten. The way that others judge us as epistemic agents—as people with the capacity to know or the ability to contribute to the pool of knowledge—and following this judgment, treat or fail to treat us as epistemic agents can cause us to adopt attitudes or behaviors with consequences to our epistemic agency. When embodied as Rilkean memories, these attitudes or behaviors raise new difficulties and become quite difficult to eradicate.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:06 GMT
- Moral Guilt without Blameworthiness
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Authors: Jaeha Woo
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:05 GMT
- Natural Kind Realism and Dupré’s Promiscuous Realism
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Authors: Daniel D. Carr
Abstract: I contend that scientific realism and realism about natural kinds should be given separate treatment because a person could be a scientific realist in general without having key realist commitments about natural kinds. I utilize Chakravartty’s three dimensions of commitment for scientific realism to create three key conditions for realism regarding natural kinds in particular. I find that Dupré’s promiscuous realism fails at least one these conditions, and therefore, for the sake of terminological consistency and clarity, we should classify promiscuous realism as an antirealist view of natural kinds.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:04 GMT
- The Impossibility of Hypocritical Advice
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Authors: Casey Hall
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:03 GMT
- Finding a Place in Space: Jane Addams and the Ethics of Choosing Where to
Live-
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Authors: Mike Jostedt; Jr.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:03 GMT
- On the Singularity of the Categorical Imperative
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Authors: Guus Duindam
Abstract: Kant famously claims that there is only a single supreme principle of morality: the Categorical Imperative. This claim is often treated with skepticism. After all, Kant proceeds to provide no fewer than six formulations of this purportedly single supreme principle—formulations which appear to differ significantly. But appearances can be deceptive. In this paper, I argue that Kant was right. There is only a single Categorical Imperative, and each of its formulations expresses the very same moral principle.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:02 GMT
- Collective Identity and Cultural Pluralism: Alain Locke on Stereotypes in
Literature-
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Authors: Joshua Anderson
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:02 GMT
- How to Be a Pragmatic Infallibilist
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Authors: Brian Kim
Abstract: Infallibilism leads to skepticism and fallibilism is plagued by the threshold problem. In this narrative setting, the pragmatic turn in epistemology has been marketed as a way for fallibilists to address one of their central problems. While pragmatic versions of infallibilism have been left unexplored, I propose that going pragmatic also offers the infallibilist a way to address its main problem, the skeptical problem. Pragmatic infallibilism, however, is committed to a radical pragmatic view of epistemic certainty, where the strength of a subject’s epistemic state can vary depending upon the practical context. To make room for the plausibility of such a view, I discuss the role that the framing of decision problems can play in the evaluation of choices and evidence. And based on this discussion, I offer some suggestions about how we might develop a pragmatic version of infallibilism.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:01 GMT
- Vindicating Metaethical Naturalism: A Case for Final Causes in the Life
Sciences-
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Authors: Lane DesAutels
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:01 GMT
- Hope and Knowledge
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Authors: Trevor Adams
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:02:00 GMT
- Metaphysics-laden Observation
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Authors: William Hannegan
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:59 GMT
- Self-Effacement and Virtue Ethics
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Authors: Tim Bloser
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:59 GMT
- A New Old Challenge to Theories of Personhood: The Curious Cases of Feral
Children-
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Authors: Tuomas W. Manninen
Abstract: Although fantastical thought-experiments about personal identity abound, these seemingly cannot bring home the conviction one way or the other, when it comes to the nature of diachronic (or synchronic) personhood. Per Kathleen Wilkes, these thought-experiments suffer from being divorced from the necessary background conditions. In this paper, I aim to rectify this by developing an empirically-informed thought experiment (that fill in these blanks) focusing on feral children, or children who have grown up in near-complete isolation from all human interaction. After detailing the significance of these cases and discussing a present-day case, I move to construct the background for thought-experiments on these cases. As an upshot, I apply the experiment to a contemporary theory of personhood (namely, constitutionalism), analyze its shortcomings, and make recommendations for future improvements.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:58 GMT
- Explaining Substitution Failures
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Authors: Mark McCullagh
Abstract: Many debates in philosophy of language are driven by examples in which two expressions have the same meaning, in some sense, yet fail of intersubstitutability in some of their occurrences. The usual move in response is to postulate a kind of meaning different from that which is shared by those two expressions. I argue that that the resulting semantic theories nevertheless typically cannot explain such failures: the explaining is not done entirely by the postulation and individuation of the new meanings. It is done partly by accompanying metaphysical and epistemological claims about them. Making this clear requires distinguishing between intersubstitutability salva veritate and intersubstitutability on grounds of logical form, and getting straight on what kinds of facts secure the obtaining of each.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:58 GMT
- Respecting Fetal Life Within Pro-choice Advocacy: Conceding to Some
Pro-life Concerns (and Asking the Same in Return)-
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Authors: Bertha Alvarez Manninen
Abstract: This paper will explain three reasons why pro-choice advocates should move away from arguments in favor of abortion choice that is dependent upon the fetus’ non-personhood, and more towards generating arguments in favor of abortion choice that embraces a more respectful view of fetal life. First, the future of the legal right to an abortion in the United States may depend on generating an argument that does not rely on denying fetal personhood. Second, pro-choice advocates should be more respectful of fetal life because the hesitancy of doing so has not gone over well in the general public. Even individuals who are sympathetic to a pro-choice perspective are sometimes hesitant to align themselves with the pro-choice community because of the perception that it is antithetical to the value of fetal life. The third reason is that some women who choose abortion regard it as a morally significant act precisely because they regard the fetus as a morally significant being.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:57 GMT
- Actual Infinity: Spinoza’s Substance Monism as a Reply to
Aristotle’s Physics-
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Authors: Andrew Burnside
Abstract: I conceive of Spinoza’s substance monism as a response to Aristotle’s prohibition against actual infinity for one key reason: nature, being all things, is necessarily infi nite. Spinoza encapsulates his substance monism with the phrase, “Deus sive Natura,” implying that there is only one infinite substance, which also possesses an infi nity of attributes, of which we are but modes. These logical delineations of substance never actually break up God’s reality. Aristotle’s well-known argument against the reality of an actual infinity in his Physics prohibits the existence of an actually infinite bodily substance because it would necessarily “destroy” (Physics 204b26-27) all other elements or bodies. On Aristotle’s view, there is a fundamental and concrete distinction between things: each substance is primarily a this (Categories 3b10). I maintain that Spinoza’s rationalism and radicalization of the principle of sufficient reason lends him greater explanatory potential than Aristotle to justify the (non) existence of actual infinity.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:56 GMT
- The Democritean Descent: A Reply to Della Rocca’s The Parmenidean
Ascent-
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Authors: Pete LeGrant
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:56 GMT
- The Ontological Interpretation of Leibniz’s Account of
Compossibility-
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Authors: Charles Joshua Horn
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:55 GMT
- The Euthyphro Problem in Plato’s Cratylus
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Authors: T. Baker
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:55 GMT
- Cryptobiosis and Composition (Presidential Prize Award Winner)
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Authors: David Skowronski
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:54 GMT
- Defending Heidegger Against the Charge of Correlationism: A Prolegomena to
a Phenomenology of Nature-
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Authors: Jordan van den Hoonaard
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:54 GMT
- Memorial Notice - Past President Don Marquis, 1935-2022
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Authors: Ken Rogerson
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:53 GMT
- Getting Sophisticated: In Favor of Hybrid Views of Skilled Action in
Expertise-
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Authors: Spencer Ivy
Abstract: The long history of research and debate surrounding expertise has emphasized the importance of both automaticity and intelligent deliberation in the control of skilled, expert action – and often, their mutual exclusion of one another. To the contrary, recent developments in the cognitive science of skill implicate the likelihood of a third, hybrid line of interpretation and a new path forward. This paper surveys these recent developments, arguing that hybrid models of expertise and skill are the most fruitful way forward in interpreting and conducting research on experts. I categorize a new set of interpretations of skill as ‘sophisticated hybrid models’ owing to the fact that they deny the mutual exclusion of automaticity from intelligent action control. I then argue that this interpretive strategy is the most fruitful way forward to making clear much of the complexity of skilled action and expertise.
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:52 GMT
- Mersenne’s Principles of Song Creation
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Authors: Eric Wilkinson
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:52 GMT
- The Moral Threat of Profound Loneliness (Presidential Address)
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Authors: Paul Carron
PubDate: Sat, 22 Apr 2023 05:01:51 GMT
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