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Abstract: After 30 years of co-editing (with Bill Fulford) and editing Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, I thought it was time for me to step down, and last fall the Association for the Advancement of Philosophy and Psychiatry Executive Council assembled an international search team to select a new Editor-in-Chief. This thoughtful and efficient group, led by Robyn Bluhm, completed the search and selection in a matter of a few months! All of us in the field are grateful to the search committee members for their congenial, disciplined, and fruitful work: Derek Bolton, David Crepaz-Keay, Anthony Fernandez, Brent Kious, Guilherme Messas, and Michael Wong. We are excited about the future of the journal with our new ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: This editorial celebrates the altruistic work of Professor John Sadler during his tenure as editor of Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology. Since its founding about 31 years ago, he has done this behind-the-scenes work, principally to the benefit of our scholarly community, creating a space and opportunity for excellence in advancing the common interests of philosophers, psychiatrists, psychologists and the people they serve professionally. Much of this dedication and efforts never reach the limelight whilst the journal enjoys increasing visibility and impact, ranking currently seventh among 328 philosophy journals and featuring on the 94th percentile. We may attribute this achievement to the authors of PPP, but ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Recent years have seen an increase in the involvement of patients and carers in the design and delivery of mental healthcare (Rashed, 2019). This is a positive development, increasing patients' autonomy and self-determination. The role of patients in clinical decision-making was expanded in a U.K. Supreme Court Judgement in 2015 (Fulford, 2019). The transfer of power to the patients, is a development towards patients' empowerment and identification of their rights. We have also witnessed the introduction of a new concept in the field of mental health: that of Expertise-by-Experience. The central argument in support of including patients in clinical decision-making has been that by virtue of their experience of ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: In his article, "Experience and expertise: Can personal experience of mental illness make someone an expert'" Abdi Sanati uses Wittgenstein's arguments on private language and Ryle's philosophy of knowledge to critique the concept of Expertise-by-Experience. The principal argument is that introspection on personal experiences cannot constitute the basis for knowledge underpinning expertise. From the start, and in various sections of the article, Sanati highlights the importance of patient involvement in the delivery of mental healthcare. He clarifies the contributions made by the community of patients in the design and delivery of mental health services are not only valuable but also necessary and long overdue. He ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: In this well-argued paper, Dr. Abdi Sanati asks whether a person's experience of mental illness could be the basis for professional expertise and concludes that, "on its own," it cannot be. Elsewhere he states that "the different forms of knowledge that are required for expertise … could not be produced solely on the basis of personal experience" (Sanati, 2024, 107). The qualifications "on its own" and "solely" suggest that personal experience of mental illness could be the basis for professional expertise if other conditions are also met. What are these conditions, and can they be met' Gratefully, Sanati provides an excellent exposition of a concept of expertise and the conditions that are required for satisfying ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: We are in the midst of a significant participatory shift in the realm of psychiatric research, part of a larger shift taking place across the health sciences in which the experience and expertise of service users is seen as increasingly valuable.1 This shift is taking place ideologically, in that it is becoming recognized by leaders within the field, as well as practically, in that funders, journals, and researchers are calling out for, or requiring, participatory efforts within research projects related to mental health. These participatory calls take on a variety of forms, from community engagement to service-user led research programs, all of which involve, at least in theory, the contributions of those impacted ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Friesen outlines six different reasons for democratizing scientific research. Three of them are epistemic and three are ethical. In this commentary I consider how service users might relate to values if significant levels of scientific knowledge are required to understand those values. I specifically consider the traditional theoretical virtues discussed by philosophers of science (Psillos, 1999; Solomon, 2001) whereby we might judge scientific concepts based upon their simplicity, consistency or coverage. This raises questions of how democratic approaches should function when expertise is important.There is a general problem of how democratic institutes should function when members lack understanding. For example ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Friesen's "Why Democratize Psychiatric Research'" is an important piece of work and makes a compelling epistemic and ethical case. As someone who has spent decades in the field of (in chronological order): survivor involvement, service user involvement, patient and public involvement and now lived experience; I am delighted when I see a robust reminder of the reasons why we need to take this seriously. The author is right to stop us sleepwalking into an activity because funders expect it, psychiatry now prides itself on it, and academics write countless pieces on it. People who have not lived in a time when our involvement in research was entirely counter-cultural (or even symptomatic of a patient lacking insight) ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: First, I want to express my gratitude for such thoughtful and generative responses to the manuscript "Why Democratize Psychiatric Research'," which has been in development for several years and is the product of much reflection that has taken place in academic, advocacy, and interpersonal contexts. I am delighted to see such insightful engagement with the piece and to have a chance to respond to both Drs. David Crepaz-Keay and Sam Fellowes here. Given that the authors raise such different questions within their commentaries, I consider each in turn.In his illuminating commentary, Crepaz-Keay makes three important points in response to the epistemic and ethical reasons I lay out as justifications for democratizing ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: This paper argues that the process of modeling in science and core features of clinical psychotherapy1 overlap; or, what makes a good therapist is much like what makes a good scientific modeler. Both modeling and psychotherapy are iterative processes, requiring careful observation, inference and testing of hypotheses. Both processes also face similar epistemic and pragmatic trade-offs: choices are constrained by time and resources, and simplicity trades off with complexity. Heuristics and biases can shape both practices, for better and worse; these include but are not limited to overconfidence bias, confirmation bias, representativeness and availability heuristics, illusory correlations, neglect of base rates, and ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The past few years have seen an explosion of people engaging in mental health conversations in online social-media spaces (Biester et al., 2021). Users on TikTok have found a particular resonance with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as "#adhd" was the seventh most popular health-related hashtag on TikTok in 2021 (Yeung et al., 2022). Offline, this has led to a notable increase in adults seeking an ADHD diagnosis, citing that the pandemic has made ADHD symptoms more salient to them (McGinn, 2022). Furthermore, online access to information increases the public's understanding of scientific mental health research, closing the gap between traditional "folk" psychology definitions of mental illness and ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Considerable progress has been made in empirically understanding the nature of humiliation. Evidence suggests that humiliation is operative in the dynamics of education (Barrett & Scott, 2015), identity-construction (Silver et al., 1986), international conflicts (Fattah & Fierke, 2009), and violence (Larkin, 2009; Lindner, 2001, 2006; McCauley, 2017). Yet, notwithstanding these advancements, no univocal position regarding its meaning exists. Despite common lay phenomenological certainty of the emotion—"everyone knows humiliation when they feel it" (Elison & Dansie, 2018, p. 1342)—and anecdotal discernment of its power—Nelson Mandela once opined "there is nobody more dangerous than one who has been humiliated, even ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Nerina Caltabiano is Adjunct Professor of Psychology at James Cook University, Australia. She is a social psychologist with research interests incorporating multidisciplinary perspectives from pathology, health, development and educational psychology.Owen Chevalier is a PhD student in the philosophy department at Western University. He is also a member of the Rotman Institute of Philosophy where he engages in research in the areas of philosophy of science, psychiatry, and psychology under the supervision of Dr. Jacqueline Sullivan.David Crepaz-Keay is Head of Research and Applied Learning at the Foundation, where he has worked for 18 years. He has led the organisation's involvement in research projects that enable ... Read More PubDate: 2024-06-29T00:00:00-05:00
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