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Abstract: interpreters have become increasingly aware of the importance and richness of Aristotle's use of 'part of soul' (μόριον ψυχῆς).1 As traditionally understood, in De Anima (DA) Aristotle recognizes three parts of the soul: nutritive, perceptual, and intellectual. This not only constitutes a significant metaphysical claim about the soul, but also provides the grounds for Aristotle's capacity-based psychology articulated throughout DA II.4–III.12. Yet the existence of such psychic parts might seem to stand in tension with the unity of the soul. In particular, it seems to undermine other central features of Aristotelian psychology—such as the claims that living organisms are substances and genuine unities,2 or that the ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: theophrastus's De sensibus (hereafter DS),1 as is well-known, is structured by the dihairesis of theories of perception into two major camps: likeness theories and unlikeness theories. Whereas the former theories explain perception in terms of the similarity of the elements that constitute the perceptible object and the sense organ, the latter theories maintain that an unlike-to-unlike causation holds between the two relata in a perceptual process. Although Theophrastus's treatment of Empedocles and Plato, as the representatives of the former camp, has been the subject of numerous scholarly discussions,2 Theophrastus's account of Anaxagoras, the unique champion of the latter camp,3 has not received comparable ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: the theory of free will that Descartes sets out in the Fourth Meditation has drawn, right from its publication (1641), not just criticism but debate about its interpretation. To resolve its exegetical difficulties, the massive literature on the topic has generally come to focus on a text first published (1657) with the eventual three volumes of Descartes's correspondence (1667). Although no one questions that Descartes is its author, the nature and purpose of the text is not clear, so here it will be called simply "the Text."1 Debate as to whether Descartes generally held either a libertarian or some kind of a compatibilist account of free will has magnified the importance of a particular passage in the Text ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: should causation in spinoza's metaphysics be understood in terms of the Aristotelian notion of a formal cause' Some recent scholars,1 drawing on earlier work by Wolfson and Gueroult,2 have shown how this interpretation could sharpen our understanding of Spinoza's particular brand of rationalism and its philosophical influences. On their view, all causation for Spinoza is a relation of entailment from the essence of a thing. Conceiving causation in this manner would explain why Spinoza seems to run together a thing's effects and its properties.3 It is also perhaps most clearly exemplified in Spinoza's understanding of divine causation, as when Spinoza famously writes, "From God's supreme power, or infinite nature ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: in his theory of moral sentiments (tms), Adam Smith claims that "our sensibility to the feelings of others, so far from being inconsistent with the manhood of self-command, is the very principle upon which that manhood is founded" (TMS III.3.34).1 Smith's use of the term 'manhood' here is likely striking to the present-day reader, as is his description of self-command elsewhere as "manly" or "masculine" (TMS I.iii.1.13, V.2.13). While we can often read terms like 'man' and 'mankind' in historical texts as synonymous with 'human being' and 'humankind,' terms like 'manhood,' 'manly,' and 'masculine' are harder to read as gender-neutral.2 By describing self-command in this way, is Smith coding this virtue as ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Now, according to the moral law, an empirical temporal being is supposed to become an exact copy of the original I.It is widely recognized that Fichte's concept of freedom offers a solution to what has been called the "dilemma" of post-Kantian autonomy.2 The two horns of the dilemma can be described as follows: On the one hand, if the moral law describes how a free will operates, then the free will seems to be determined to perform moral actions; but that would mean that immoral behavior would not be free, and so we could not be held responsible for it. On the other hand, if the free will is the capacity to act for or against the moral law, then there can be no sufficient reason for an individual to act in one way ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Intentionality is a fundamental concept in phenomenology and philosophy of mind. It describes a basic feature of consciousness: activities like perceiving, thinking, or believing are typically directed to or about some object. Among phenomenologists, Merleau-Ponty is widely recognized for broadening the scope of Husserl's, Scheler's, and Heidegger's analyses of intentionality, and especially for his insights into its embodied and perceptual dimensions.Despite Phénoménologie de la perception's fertile advances, Merleau-Ponty expresses some dissatisfaction with its account of intentionality and recasts it in subsequent writings. I show that his reading of Hegel's account of experience in Phänomenologie des Geistes ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Paula Gottlieb's recent book is an illuminating, synoptic study of Aristotle's theory of human motivation, according to which his innovative notion of prohairesis (choice)—specifically, the virtuous agent's prohairesis—is the cornerstone. She argues against both Kantian-flavored readings, which prioritize reason's role in motivating ethical action, and Humean-flavored readings, which emphasize the virtuous agent's well-habituated feelings. Gottlieb's account explains how the virtuous agent's prohairesis incorporates his or her feelings, desires, and thoughts, building in the motivational contributions of both the rational and nonrational parts of the psyche. The resulting treatment does justice to Aristotle's prima ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: This volume offers a reliable and accurate scholarly edition of two collections of thirteenthcentury sophismata (logical and grammatical puzzles) contained in ms. Brugge, Stedelijke Openbare Bibliotheek 509 (=B) and ms. Firenze, Biblioteca Medicea-Laurenziana 12 sin. 3 (=F). Taken together, these two collections constitute a set of twenty-three sophismata called "Sophismata Florentino-Brugensia" in the catalogue published by Sten Ebbesen and Frédéric Goubier (A Catalogue of Thirteenth-Century Sophismata [Paris: Vrin, 2010]). These sophismata were previously available only in partial editions. Specifically, the two versions of the sophisma "Omnis homo de necessitate est animal," previously both ascribed to Boethius ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Dietrich of Freiberg's theory of the constitutive power of the intellect, as presented in his De origine rerum praedicamentalium, has proved unusually resistant to contextualization within the philosophical and theological discussions at the University of Paris in the last two decades of the thirteenth century. There is little indication in the quodlibet literature that any of his contemporaries were aware of his unusual doctrine, let alone interested in responding to it, and Dietrich himself provides few hints as to which quaestiones of contemporary interest he is responding to. One therefore welcomes this study by Véronique Decaix in which it is argued that "il est irréfutable que les concepts centraux du De ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Think Least of Death is not just an interpretation of Spinoza, but a defense of his philosophy. Nadler develops Spinoza's arguments in ways that are intended both to reflect Spinoza's views and to persuade us that the views in question are true. He uses success language throughout to describe Spinoza's ideas ("What Spinoza discovered, and what he wants us to know, is that . . ." [11]) and arguments ("Spinoza . . . has demonstrated, rigorously and a priori, that . . ." [188]). Nadler is not just a Spinoza scholar here; he also thinks that Spinoza basically got it right. It would be a mistake, then, to evaluate Think Least of Death solely on its interpretive merits as a reading of Spinoza's Ethics. It is more ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Despite its contemplative, earnest, and, at times, disarmingly conversational tone, Spinoza's Religion is a rather provocative book. The epithets thrown at Spinoza throughout the early modern period—referring to the Theological-Political Treatise as that most "pestilential book," "forged in hell" by a godless rebel and atheist—are today badges of pride. Spinoza is celebrated among scholars and in popular culture for his uncompromising iconoclasm. He is admired for his refusal, following his ban from Judaism as a young man, to align with any religious faith. Regarded as a staunch critic of religion, Spinoza is credited with paving the way for secular morality, guided by scientific and rational knowledge. With ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Contemporary philosophers have often overlooked the originality and impact of Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten's views on aesthetics, and his contribution to the field is often reduced to his introduction of the term 'aesthetics' into the philosophical lexicon. By illuminating the seminal character of Baumgarten's aesthetics and its enduring significance, J. Colin McQuillan's collection of twelve essays endeavors to rectify this neglect, particularly within the anglophone philosophical community. The collection aims to make recent scholarship on Baumgarten's aesthetics more accessible, with translated works from German scholars and their English counterparts presented in a single volume to entice anglophone readers. ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: In this lengthy book, Daniel Sutherland proposes to rectify our long neglect of Kant's theory of mathematics by means of both historical and systematic analyses. This is a worthy undertaking, since the scope and significance of that theory were lost from view during the twentieth century. In fact, the theory of mathematics spans the first several hundred pages of the first Critique. In the Transcendental Aesthetic, the pure unquantified homogeneous multiplicities of space and time are posited as structures of human perception. The Analytic begins by defining 'number' set-theoretically, as a property of sets of elements that can be linearly ordered, while explicating the concept of a set (Menge) in terms of pure ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: John Skorupski's Being and Freedom traces the development of modern ethics in France, Germany, and England, as set in motion by two great revolutions: the French Revolution and Kant's methodological revolution in the Critique of Pure Reason. I begin this review by offering a brief summary of the book (which consists of eight lengthy chapters, an introduction, and a brief conclusion). I then raise some interpretive worries and offer an overall assessment.In chapter 1, Skorupski reminds us that the French Revolution, a physical struggle between opposing factions, was also a battleground of ideas. In opposing the ancien régime, revolutionaries took aim at the "Catholic-feudal order" (27). Underlying this order was an ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: In this rich and ambitious book, R. Matthew Shockey controversially claims that Heidegger's Being and Time (SZ) is an heir to the rationalism of Descartes and Kant. To show this, Shockey develops a provocative account of phenomenological ontology as the normatively inert outcome of reflective and imaginative philosophical self-questioning.Four questions of an increasingly higher order frame the book (2–6): (1) How shall I live' (2) What is it to be the kind of being who can and must ask "how shall I live'" (3) What unity is there to the various ways in which things are taken to be' (4) Why should we pursue metaphysics and ontology' Chapters 1–6 reconstruct Heidegger's answers to the second- and third-order ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The following scholars have served as editorial consultants for the Journal during the period of July 2022 through June 2023Peter AdamsonLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München; King's College LondonMark AlznauerNorthwestern UniversityMaria Rosa AntognazzaKing's College LondonDelphine Antoine-MahutÉcole Normale Supérieure de LyonStefano BacinUniversità degli Studi di MilanoCharlotte BaumannUniversity of SussexFedor BenevichUniversity of EdinburghLorraine BesserMiddlebury CollegeRichard BettJohns Hopkins UniversityMiren BoehmUniversity of Wisconsin, MilwaukeeMartha BoltonRutgers UniversityJon BornholdtUniversität WürzburgDaniel BreazealeUniversity of KentuckyDavid BrinkUniversity of California, San DiegoAnnemarie ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: ... Read More PubDate: 2023-10-13T00:00:00-05:00
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