 Subjects -> PHILOSOPHY (Total: 762 journals)
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Abstract: This issue of Utopian Studies: The Journal of the Society for Utopian Studies comes to you under new editorial leadership. Before introducing ourselves, I wish first of all to extend thanks to former editor Dr. Nicole Pohl (Oxford Brookes University), who served the journal for fourteen years. Her consistent attention to the best scholarship in utopian studies throughout her editorial tenure is deeply appreciated by all who have worked in the field.As a long-time member and former president of the Society for Utopian Studies, I have been engaged for thirty years in utopian studies, mostly from a literary perspective, and mostly focusing on feminist and queer utopian theory and expression. As a professor of Women’s ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- The Postcritical Utopia
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Abstract: It is a commonplace of modern intellectual history that during the course of the twentieth century there was a decisive and widespread loss of faith in grand utopian schemes for social transformation. The anti-utopian tenor of the century’s latter decades, as well as of the early 2000s, is well captured by John Gray’s observation that as humanity entered the new millennium it did so in a world “littered with the debris of utopian projects” and in which secular utopian hope seemed to be giving way to a resurgence of rival fundamentalisms (Gray 2007, 1). Within the academy, this trend was both registered and resisted by numerous scholars who attempted to reformulate utopia in such a way that it would not be open to ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- Dialectics of Pleasure in Thomas More’s Utopia
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Abstract: The fortunate citizens of Sir Thomas More’s Utopia look to pleasure (voluptas) as their goal in life, by which they “understand every state or movement of body or mind in which we find delight according to the behests of nature.”1 Their goal invokes Stoic ideals of a self-ordering nature, of which individuals as well as community are integral parts, with overtones of idealizing pre-utopian genres. Yet More’s Utopia at best represents pleasure in compromised form.2 Book Two realistically expands the pastoral group of individuals beyond the select few into a complex city-state, where inner nobility cannot be confirmed, and where some enforced conformity is necessary, including even harsh punishment for deviant ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- The Virtuous City of the Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ: A Medieval Islamic
Reflection on Worldliness and Communal Division-
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Abstract: The present article examines the utopian and theological politics of the Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ (Brethren of Purity), a secretive society in ninth- or tenth-century Basra, Iraq. In particular, I focus on the Ikhwān’s elusive “virtuous city” (al-madīna al-fāḍila), a harmonious and righteous community situated on a wondrous island, where residents work in unison toward salvation by deferring to one creed. While this city features sparsely in their writing, its imagery is intimately tied to principal theological dimensions of their work (explored in the first two sections of this article). In one noteworthy allegory (explored in the final section), they recount how residents of this virtuous city unwittingly strayed to a ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- The Lullaby’s Utopian Function and the Green Utopian Imagination in
Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games Trilogy-
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Abstract: Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games trilogy, including The Hunger Games (2008), Catching Fire (2009), and Mockingjay (2010), is set in the futuristic dystopian world called Panem, where citizens in twelve districts suffer from systematic oppression as they provide goods and service to the privileged people in the capitol.1 The trilogy is characterized as dystopian fiction by many critics thanks to such salient dystopian elements as an oppressive ruling regime, against which the young characters rebel; social inequality; advanced technologies of surveillance; exploitation of people and resources; and a pervasive sense of constant threat to human life. As postapocalyptic fiction, as well, this trilogy can be seen ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- Divine Biopower: Sovereign Violence and Affective Life in the Yuki Yuna Is
a Hero Series-
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Abstract: In Love in Modern Japan Sonia Ryang divides the concept of love into four modalities: (1) a premodern “sacred sex” that treats love and sex as bridges between the ordinary and the divine; (2) an imperial complex of “sovereign and love” that demands subjects’ bodily and spiritual loyalty; (3) a postwar purity education (junketsu kyōiku) using “pure love” to construct model middle-class families; and (4) the separation of “body and soul” due to the ideology of purity that simultaneously devalues and fetishizes sex. For Ryang, this history is also a genealogy of biopower, in which the state disciplines the life and death of its citizens by “shaping the population as self-policing, self-disciplining agencies of love.”1 ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- Experimental Utopia: Edward Abramowski’s “Applied Social
Science”-
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Abstract: The traditional Marxist distinction between “utopian” and “scientific” socialism has already been challenged many times by historians studying the early forms of the workers movement.1 It is therefore possible to write an “alternative” to this “absurd” narrative, a history of socialist movements that does not valorize socialist ideas according to the model “from utopia to science,” but sees them as equal ways of responding to the “social question” in the nineteenth century.2 If, in addition, we consider some of the classics of socialism like Charles Fourier or Claude Henri de Saint-Simon to be crucial to the development of the social sciences, we will be able to see that, contrary to authors such as Émile Durkheim ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- Why Historians Will End Capitalism
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Abstract: The contradictions of the capitalist world-system are once again provoking ruminations on the end of capitalism. The notional “end of history,” which has been firmly implanted in our minds since the fall of the Wall, can no longer be said to hold our intellectual loyalties ever since our financial system tanked in 2008.1 Are we then currently experiencing “the activation of capital’s absolute limits,” or is this yet one more false alarm and capitalism’s systemic survival is instead being perpetually secured through an endless innovation of reproductive techniques and spatio-temporal fixes'2 Is there some way in which both positions might be true'3 These questions and others serve as backdrop to a resurgent interest ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- The Suspect: Counterterrorism, Islam and the Security State by Riwzaan
Sabir (review)-
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Abstract: Author Rizwaan Sabir, as a then-MA student at Nottingham University, became known as one-half of the “Nottingham Two” following his arrest along with Hicham Yezza in May 2008. They were detained for six days without charge on suspicion of terrorism for the possession of a document titled the Al Qaeda Training Manual, which was freely available on the internet and from bookstores. Sabir had downloaded it from a US government website for use as primary source material in his proposed PhD research on armed Muslim groups. But Sabir’s arrest, detention, interrogation, and release without charge takes up only about one-fifth of the pages; the remainder covers subsequent events revealing the extent of the surveillance to ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- Rethinking Utopia and Utopianism by Lyman Tower Sargent (review)
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Abstract: In the field of utopian studies, Lyman Tower Sargent is well known and respected globally. His new book, Rethinking Utopia and Utopianism, is well written, witty, and persuasively argued, reflecting on, and updating, his life’s work. It includes several previously published pieces, such as Sargent’s oft-cited “The Three Faces of Utopianism Revisited” (1994), along with his current thinking across the broad field of utopian studies.Sargent admits to naiveté when, as a young scholar in the 1960s, he set out to write a “history of utopian literature”—probably thinking it wouldn’t take long! This field, he soon found, ever expands the more one looks. Sargent continues to look for, and discover, examples from around ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- The Adventures of Telemachus [1699] by François de Salignac de la
Mothe-Fénelon (review)-
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Abstract: Fénelon’s 1699 novel The Adventures of Telemachus—or more precisely, the epic poem in prose—was one of the major bestsellers in many European countries for nearly two centuries. The book inspired paintings, operas, fashions, and even wallpaper motifs. It gave birth to a literary subgenre, the “archeological novel,” such as Terrasson’s Sethos (1731) or Bernardin de Saint-Pierre’s L’Arcadie (1788), in which the action is located in an antique setting. Still part of French schools’ syllabi a century ago, this book mainly owes its survival today to highly specialized academic research, stimulated from time to time when an “Agrégation” program generates new publications, papers, and conferences, as happened in 2009–10. ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- Utopia and Modernity in China: Contradictions in Transition ed. by David
Margolies and Qing Cao (review)-
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Abstract: In recent years, numerous publications have appeared focusing on the until now little known non-Western utopias and utopianism.1 Utopia and Modernity in China is a most welcome addition, offering a highly informative survey of Chinese utopias and utopianism combined with an insightful discussion of their formative role in the making of modern China. The book consists of seven chapters introducing different aspects of the opposition of utopia and modernity as exemplified by various cultural productions and their impact on the social and political life of the country. Its publication has acquired a special relevance today not only due to China’s increasingly major role in the contemporary world, but also in ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- The Tyranny of Merit: What’s Become of the Common Good' by
Michael J. Sandel (review)-
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Abstract: Is a meritocratic capitalist society a utopia' The answer depends on who you are. A libertarian is likely to embrace the meritocratic credo that talent and effort deserve rewards, regarding their success in a competitive market system as their own doing and even looking down on those who are not successful (25). A liberal may emphasize the need for a redistributive safety net and yet still promote meritocratic capitalism as utopian as we may ever achieve.1 Michael Young, who coined the term meritocracy in 1958, depicted an imaginary meritocratic society as a dystopia (116). In The Tyranny of Merit, Michael J. Sandel spends six out of seven chapters exemplifying the misery of not-being-a-winner in a meritocratic ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- Brisbane: Utopian Dreams and Dystopian Nightmares by William (Bill)
Metcalf (review)-
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Abstract: Bill Metcalf, the foremost scholar on Australian intentional communities, has discovered and written about a number of Australian utopias. In Brisbane: Utopian Dreams and Dystopian Nightmares he focuses on a subset of Australian utopias, those written by people who lived in Brisbane plus one Brisbane architect who made designs for a future utopian Brisbane. One of the books, A Workingman’s Paradise: An Australian Labour Novel (1892), is well known, particularly in Australia. A second novel, The Adventures of Halek: An Autobiographical Fragment (1882) by John H. Nicholson, will be familiar to some readers. The others will be unfamiliar to most readers both in Australia and in the rest of the world. I learned of many ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- Fabuler la fin du monde: La puissance critique des fictions d’apocalypse
by Jean-Paul Engélibert (review)-
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Abstract: Jean-Paul Engélibert is a well-established expert on apocalyptic and postapocalyptic fiction. His exploration of the genre thus far includes the monograph Apocalypses sans royaume: Politique des fictions de la fin du monde, XX–XXIe siècles (2013), numerous articles, as well as the essay collection L’Apocalypse: Une imagination politique, XIXe–XXIe siècles (2018), which he co-edited. In his latest book, Fabuler la fin du monde, he returns to several texts and aspects of the genre previously covered, delving deeper into what he calls “fictions of the end of the world.” In the ten chapters, gathered in five parts, he approaches his subject as a seasoned scholar in the field of comparative literature, and his analysis ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
- Trois récits utopiques classiques: Gabriel de Foigny, La Terre Australe
connue; Denis Veiras, Histoire des Sévarambes; Bernard de Fontenelle,
Histoire des Ajaoïens ed. by Jean-Michel Racault (review)-
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Abstract: M. Jean-Michel Racault, Emeritus Professor of the University of La Réunion and general editor of the Œuvres complètes of Bernardin de Saint-Pierre in progress under the Classiques Garnier imprint, is an acknowledged expert in utopian studies, and works edited and presented by him in this field will be justly welcomed with keen interest and appreciation. It inspires confidence that this edition should be the fruit of many years’ study and find its origins in his two theses of 1981 and 1987 and articles of 1991, 2003, and 2010 (21 n. 21). The blurb announces this volume as bringing together “three major works of political thought of the end of the seventeenth century representative of ‘Louis XIV utopias,’” a label ... Read More
PubDate: 2023-09-14T00:00:00-05:00
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