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Authors:Esther Ong Zhen Mei, Liz Jones, Stefano Occhipinti Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. We investigated how Australians and Hong Kong Chinese respondents describe individuals with lung cancer, examining the impact of culture and language on public discourse and stigma expression. A total of 303 participants (NAus = 176; NHK = 127) were recruited from a commercial panel provider to complete an online survey. Participants were presented with a vignette describing a hypothetical lung cancer patient and asked to provide their impressions through open-ended written responses. Content coding revealed seven main themes: Warmth, Competence, Morality, Bad luck, Poor health behaviors, Ordinary, and No judgments, with both similarities and differences in participants’ written expressions across cultures. The language Hong Kongers used to respond influenced response patterns, with English responses resembling Western norms of Australians. These findings demonstrate how both culture and the language a person uses influence how people express stigma. By understanding these cultural nuances public health strategies can better support people from diverse backgrounds. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-02-13T09:15:55Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251318879
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Authors:Marco Tamburelli, Ianto Gruffydd, Florian Breit, Lissander Brasca Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. This paper investigates whether attitudinal measures can predict usage in two bilingual communities with radically different language policies. We compare 163 participants’ (ages 24–36) rates of spontaneous language usage to two attitudinal measures among Welsh—English and Lombard—Italian bilinguals. Usage rates are found to correlate with Matched Guise Technique status scores for Lombard and to predict solidarity scores for Welsh. A different picture emerges from the Implicit Association Test, with scores correlating with usage for Welsh but not for Lombard. We link these findings to the radically different levels of sociopolitical support associated with the regional/minority languages and the nature of the two attitudinal measures. Our findings suggest that the utility of different attitudinal measures depends partly on sociopolitical circumstances and on the type of association intrinsically addressed in each measure. These have important implications for both the study of language attitudes and research on language vitality. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-02-11T07:47:17Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251315114
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Authors:Riccardo Loconte, Chiara Battaglini, Stéphanie Maldera, Pietro Pietrini, Giuseppe Sartori, Nicolò Navarin, Merylin Monaro Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. Detecting deception in interpersonal communication is a pivotal issue in social psychology, with significant implications for court and criminal proceedings. In this study, four experiments were designed to compare the performance of natural language processing (NLP) techniques and human judges in detecting deception from linguistic cues in a dataset of 62 transcriptions of video-taped interviews (32 genuine and 30 deceptive). The results showed that machine-learning algorithms significantly outperform naïve (accuracy = 54.7%) and expert judges (accuracy = 59.4%) when trained on features from the reality monitoring (RM) and cognitive load frameworks (accuracy = 69.4%) or on features automatically extracted through NLP techniques (accuracy = 77.3%) but not when trained on the RM criteria alone. This evidence suggests that NLP algorithms, due to their ability to handle complex patterns of linguistic data, might be useful for better disentangling truthful from deceptive narratives, outperforming traditional theoretical models. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-02-07T05:04:43Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251316883
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Authors:Denise Haunani Solomon, Xi Tian, Yuwei Li, Shu Scott Li Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. This essay reports three projects that integrate linguistic features of speaking turns into the identification of conversational motifs, which are multiturn segments of dialog within interpersonal interactions. Study 1 focused on support for bereavement, used Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count data to augment characterizations of speaking turns based on speech act, and identified seven 5-turn conversational motifs. Study 2 examined serial argument conversations, used ratings of features and word count to differentiate speaking turns, and identified four conversational motifs within 1-minute segments of interaction. Study 3 analyzed conversations about public health campaign messages, considered functional and structural features of speaking turns, and identified four 4-turn conversational motifs. By elaborating the library of linguistic elements considered when operationalizing speaking turn types and showcasing alternative strategies for identifying conversation motifs, this essay extends recent advancements in a dynamic dyadic systems perspective on interpersonal communication. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-02-04T06:42:15Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251316863
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Authors:Loreta Vilkienė Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. This article analyses the responses of 1,003 respondents to one question from the representative survey of the Lithuanian population: Which language do you think is appropriate for school, higher education, business, services, and communication with officials in Lithuania' The aim is to answer two RQs: (1) To what extent are the different languages—Lithuanian, English, Russian, Polish—perceived as appropriate in the various spheres of life' (2) Do the factors of age, L1, and place of residence influence target attitudes statistically significantly' Descriptive and inferential (Pearson's Chi-squared test) statistics were used for data analysis. The results show that the Lithuanian language has maintained its position as appropriate in various domains. However, in the business domain, Lithuanian competes with English. English has considerably strengthened its position in all domains analyzed. Target attitudes towards Russian and Polish have slightly changed in favour of these languages, especially in business. The factor of age statistically significantly affects attitudes according to Lithuanian and English in all domains analyzed. In the case of other languages, attitudes depend not only on age but also on domain. The same applies to the influence of the factor of place of residence: it works together with the domain. The L1 factor has a statistically significant effect when ethnic minorities express attitudes about their L1. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-01-31T02:03:24Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251315660
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Authors:Jessica Gasiorek, Margaret J. Pitts, Marko Dragojevic Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. This experiment examined how university students at a Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) responded to the use of “Spanglish,” or English-Spanish code-mixing, in written materials promoting university services. Consistent with predictions, the use of Spanglish reduced students’ processing fluency; contrary to predictions, the use of Spanglish did not prompt higher perceptions of inclusiveness or feeling welcome (relative to English-only texts) for students, although both outcomes were higher for Spanglish with glosses (i.e., English translations) compared to Spanglish without glosses. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-01-30T08:20:14Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251314864
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Authors:Nicholas Emler Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. The recent surge in research interest about gossip can be attributed, at least in part, to the possibility that this activity underlies two of the unique features of human society, when compared to those of all other social vertebrates, their scale and their complexity. Two hypotheses have emerged which touch on these features, respectively that gossip supports exceptional levels of sociability, and that it operates as a form of social control ensuring exceptional levels of cooperation. Each of these hypotheses is critically examined before considering a third and relatively neglected possibility, namely that the principle significance of gossip in social life is that it supports prediction about the future behavior of others. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-01-29T08:43:04Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251315640
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Authors:Kamila Ciepiela Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. The primary manifestation of Turner syndrome (TS) is short stature. Girls with TS currently receive growth hormone therapy (GHT), but women who completed puberty before 2000 did not, as the Polish Ministry of Health began reimbursing GHT only in 2000, and it is ineffective postpuberty. Consequently, these women are approximately 20 cm shorter than the general population, not exceeding 140 cm. This study aimed to examine how women with TS perceive causes of social isolation in relation to their stature and body image. Nine Polish women with TS participated in semistructured interviews (five did not receive GHT). Interviews were quantitatively analyzed to identify main themes and then subjected to reflexive thematic analysis. Results, interpreted using Sen's (2000) theory of social exclusion, showed that both short stature and body image significantly impact relational capability failure in women with TS. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-01-27T07:08:23Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251315652
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Authors:Heng Li Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. Syntactic priming is a linguistic phenomenon where the exposure to a specific grammatical structure increases the likelihood that the same structure will be used in subsequent language production. Previous research has shown that these syntactic processes are influenced by a broad range of linguistic, cognitive, and social factors. In the present research, we focused on the role of religious systems in shaping syntactic priming in dialog. Based on the observation that the Taoist concept of “moving with flow” encourages individuals to adapt to the natural flow of life and circumstances, we hypothesized that Taoists might modify their syntactic choices to foster better connections with their interlocutors. We conducted two studies to test our theoretical perspective. As predicted, Study 1 found that Taoists were more likely to mirror the syntax used by their interlocutors in dialog than their atheist counterparts. In Study 2, we compared the magnitude of syntactic priming effects between Taoists and Buddhists. The results showed that Taoists demonstrated a stronger preference for using the same syntactic structure as their conversational partners than Buddhists. In sum, our findings provide the first empirical evidence that beliefs and values associated with religious systems exert a significant influence on syntactic priming effects. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-01-27T07:07:43Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251314935
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Authors:Yasmin Bakri, Michal Tannenbaum Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. Higher education in Israel is offered almost entirely in Hebrew as the medium of instruction. Consequently, Palestinian students in Israeli universities confront complex challenges that involve language and cultural gaps. This study focused on this group, using mixed methods, examining language anxiety, willingness to communicate (WTC) in Hebrew, and the relationship between these variables and achievements. The quantitative part included 155 participants who filled out a detailed questionnaire. The qualitative part included semistructured interviews with eight students and four lecturers. Results indicated high anxiety levels, medium levels of WTC in Hebrew, and a significant negative correlation between language anxiety, WTC, and academic achievements. Students reported high stress levels, avoidance, and embarrassment to talk, which clearly affected their academic performance. We argue that universities must acknowledge the emotional complexity of learning in such circumstances and develop practices to moderate students’ anxiety levels in order to reduce inequality within Israeli society. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-01-22T11:34:01Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X251314956
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Authors:Valeria A. Pfeifer, Matthias R. Mehl, Vicky T. Lai Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. This study investigated the role of self-construal and language background in irony interpretation. Prior research considered either cultural or language background, but not both. Spanish–English bilinguals (N = 152) from the U.S. and Mexico rated stories containing ironic and literal statements in English and Spanish, then completed the Language History Questionnaire, Self-construal Scale, and Sarcasm-self-report scale (SSS). Results showed that ironic items were rated as less ironic when presented in Spanish compared to English. Further, participants who scored higher in independent self-construal scored higher on SSS subscale “general sarcasm” (frequency of irony use), suggesting that irony is used more frequently by those who see themselves as more separate from others. These findings highlight the complex relationship between language and cultural tendencies measured in self-construal and demonstrate that language and culture need to be considered at the level of the individual participant. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2025-01-21T09:22:27Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241313477
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Pages: 3 - 4 Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Volume 44, Issue 1, Page 3-4, January 2025.
Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2024-12-05T01:24:26Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241304175 Issue No:Vol. 44, No. 1 (2024)
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Pages: 5 - 11 Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Volume 44, Issue 1, Page 5-11, January 2025.
Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2024-12-05T01:24:46Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241304181 Issue No:Vol. 44, No. 1 (2024)
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Authors:Carmen Cervone, Alice Lucarini, Bruno G. Salvador Casara, Silvia Filippi, Andrea Scatolon, Maria L. Bettinsoli Pages: 12 - 37 Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Volume 44, Issue 1, Page 12-37, January 2025. Derogatory labels increase dehumanization in bystanders; research however has yet to investigate whether the same applies to victims themselves. In three preregistered studies (Ntotal = 1146), we predicted that women targeted with sexist slurs would dehumanize themselves. Participants imagined or recalled a situation in which a man addressed them with a generic insult, a sexist slur, or no insult. Then, we assessed self-dehumanization (primary and secondary emotions, perceptions of the self as an object or a person, and self-attributed warmth and competence) and meta-dehumanization (studies 2 and 3), namely the perception of the dehumanizing intentions of the speaker. Sexist slurs led participants to consider themselves as less human- and more object-like, and this effect was partially mediated by meta-dehumanization. Therefore, sexist slurs can affect women's self-perception by eliciting self-dehumanization, which negatively impacts women's wellbeing and life outcomes. Findings are discussed especially considering the debate around hate speech policing. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2024-12-10T06:28:18Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241292308 Issue No:Vol. 44, No. 1 (2024)
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Authors:Dominik Puchała, Michał Bilewicz, Aleksandra Świderska Pages: 38 - 56 Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Volume 44, Issue 1, Page 38-56, January 2025. Minorities reclaim derogatory labels to change their meaning. However, previous research on reclamation has focused on the perception of self-labeling with derogatory labels in an ecologically invalid context, using self-reports that may be influenced by norms. We examined how recordings containing derogatory terms against gay people are perceived, using both a self-report and an unobtrusive heartbeat measure. In the experiment (n = 103), we showed that individuals perceived statements with derogatory labels as less offensive when participants of the Gay Pride (a pro-LGBT+ march) used them and as more offensive when they were used by participants of the March for Life and Family (a conservative march). This effect was stronger among gay men. Nonetheless, the sexual identity and the content of speech played no role in the case of the heartbeat. The paper discusses the discrepancy between declarative and nondeclarative measures. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2024-12-16T04:29:44Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241299791 Issue No:Vol. 44, No. 1 (2024)
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Authors:Nicholas Emler, Howard Giles Pages: 57 - 78 Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Volume 44, Issue 1, Page 57-78, January 2025. Despite the power and extensive applications of communication accommodation theory (CAT), it has yet to be linked to the most common of conversational activities, gossip. We examine both the ways in which gossip plays a role as a communicative adjustment and the influence of accommodative behaviors upon gossip. The latter are relevant to strategic uses of gossip to influence others’ reputations, particularly others regarded as sexual rivals. We consider how gossip can operate as a form of norm talk, reinforcing ingroup norms. Gossip is conceptually and colloquially close to rumor and we explore how manipulation of ambiguity between the two may operate as an accommodative move while attacking others. The penultimate section concerns gossip and rumor on the internet and the forms of accommodation that promote conspiracy theories and allow abuse and trolling. Finally, theoretical implications for CAT and future directions for research on gossip and rumor are proposed. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2024-12-06T06:27:00Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241297402 Issue No:Vol. 44, No. 1 (2024)
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Authors:Ianto Gruffydd, Marco Tamburelli, Florian Breit, Hamidreza Bagheri Pages: 79 - 106 Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Volume 44, Issue 1, Page 79-106, January 2025. Positive attitudes toward regional/minority languages are an essential precondition to language maintenance/revitalization. We investigate implicit and explicit attitudes toward Welsh and English and their relationship with childhood and adolescent age exposure among adult Welsh speakers from northwest Wales. Results indicate that implicit and explicit attitude constructs diverge and therefore bear differentially on language maintenance/revitalization. Specifically, comparing speaker data from the Language and Social Background Questionnaire with results from two independent studies, employing the Attitudes towards Languages (AToL) Scale and an Implicit Association Task respectively, we show that the implicit measure reveals a positive correlation between attitudes and exposure in primary school age. Conversely, the AToL returned no statistically significant factors, suggesting differential sensitivity of the explicit and implicit measures. We argue that an understanding of both types of attitude constructs, and attending to exposure levels especially as they relate to intergenerational transmission, is necessary to implement an effective language maintenance/revitalization strategy. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2024-12-05T01:24:07Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241294031 Issue No:Vol. 44, No. 1 (2024)
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Authors:Anthony M. Foster, Amelia E. Talley Pages: 107 - 131 Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Volume 44, Issue 1, Page 107-131, January 2025. Previous theorizing suggests that the first stage of self-disclosure is the pursuit of an interpersonal goal. However, among individuals disclosing a concealable stigmatized identity, little is known about how their goals impact downstream processes such as language use and post-disclosure affect. Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), we examined the extent to which primed self-image or compassionate goals influence the linguistic content and style of disclosure, as well as dyad members’ affective states. Self-image disclosures were high in negative self-focused attention, whereas compassionate disclosures were more inclusive and positive in valence. Moreover, among disclosers, negative emotion words predicted their own negative affect. Among confidants, first-person singular and second-person pronouns predicted negative affect, however, this outcome was inversely related to disclosers’ use of social words. Compassionate goals that seek mutually beneficial outcomes may help disclosers communicate information about their stigma more effectively, and attenuate dyad members’ feelings of emotional distress. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2024-11-15T08:20:02Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241294079 Issue No:Vol. 44, No. 1 (2024)
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Authors:Georgios P. Georgiou Pages: 132 - 141 Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Volume 44, Issue 1, Page 132-141, January 2025. This study analyzes how ChatGPT characterizes developed and developing countries using a sentiment analysis framework. We selected 10 countries with the highest Human Development Index (HDI) and 10 countries with the lowest. The sentiment analysis provided scores indicating the degree of positivity in the descriptions of these countries provided by ChatGPT. The results revealed that ChatGPT generally expressed positive sentiments about all countries. However, strong evidence emerged showing that countries with high HDI received more positive sentiments compared to those with low HDI. These findings highlight the bias of the model in describing developed versus developing countries. Ultimately, the study highlights the importance of adjusting large language models to ensure fairer representations of countries. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2024-11-15T08:20:31Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241298337 Issue No:Vol. 44, No. 1 (2024)
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Authors:Alexandra Lux, Susanne Bruckmüller, Vera Hoorens Abstract: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Ahead of Print. We compare interpretations of two kinds of statements that are important for stereotype transmission: generics (e.g., “women are helpful”) and comparatives (e.g., “women are more helpful than men”). Participants (N = 338) read and interpreted generic or comparative statements about positive and negative features of gender (Experiment A) and age groups (Experiment B). We found similarities and differences. Participants interpreted both generics and comparatives as conveying information not only about the target (women in the example) but also about the referent (men in the example), whether the statement explicitly mentioned the referent (in comparatives) or not (in generics). When statements said something positive (negative) about the target, they also communicated a rather negative (positive) view of the referent. Remarkably, although comparatives explicitly contrast groups while generics do not, generics implied bigger differences between the groups and provoked more extreme assumptions about the groups. We discuss implications for stereotype transmission. Citation: Journal of Language and Social Psychology PubDate: 2024-10-23T08:39:32Z DOI: 10.1177/0261927X241292562
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