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Authors:Christopher E. Near Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. I investigated subjective well-being (SWB)—happiness, meaningfulness, sadness, stress, and tiredness—of 7,087 mothers, engaged in 11,154 cases of activities in which their children were present, using the Conservation of Resources theory. Results of OLS analysis of data from the American Time Use Study suggested that the presence of her parent(s) during the activities was associated positively with the mother’s happiness and negatively with her stress. Total time spent with her parent(s) was positively associated with the mother’s tiredness. Co-residence with parents was not significantly related to the mother’s SWB. The association between the mother’s SWB and her involvement with parents was positively moderated by demographic variables that may have increased her need for core resources in the form of kin support. The focus on sandwiched activities in which a mother engaged with her children and parents permitted direct assessment of how those activities affected the mother’s SWB. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-09-14T04:57:16Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231201978
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Authors:Faisal Abbas, Verda Salman Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Intimate partner violence is a major impediment to gender equality in developing countries like Pakistan, which requires thorough analysis to ascertain the extent of prevalent violence and identify its underlying causes. Consequently, this study aims to empirically examine the factors associated with women’s attitudes toward violence in Sindh province (the second largest by population, income, and employment in Pakistan) using Sindh Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey data. The province presents an ideal candidate for studying intimate partner violence as it is quite uneven in terms of development. Our results reveal a high prevalence of intimate partner violence, with 55% of married women providing an affirmative answer to any one scenario of wife beating in the Sindh province. Multivariate regression analyses results of our study found that higher education, access to media, and the wealth status of both partners are protective factors against attitudinal acceptance of violence. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-09-14T03:03:51Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231201977
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Authors:Klea Ramaj Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The purpose of this article is to determine the predictors of positive and negative parenting practices among mothers of two-to-three-year-old children in Tirana, Albania. Cross-sectional data were obtained from a representative sample of 328 mothers of two-to-three-year-old children recruited through eight randomly selected public nurseries in Tirana. Results from bivariate regressions showed significant associations between the key relevant maternal characteristics and maternal parenting practices, in line with previous studies conducted in Western societies. Results from multiple regressions showed that maternal attitudes towards child maltreatment were a dominant significant predictor of negative parenting practices (punitive parenting, inconsistent parenting, and child maltreatment) and that maternal sense of parental competence was a dominant significant predictor of positive parenting practices. The findings suggest a strong, consistent link between maternal belief systems and parenting practices among mothers of toddlers in Tirana and call for the implementation of parent training programmes that address attitudes towards child maltreatment and sense of parental competence in the Albanian society. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-30T07:55:01Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231198593
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Authors:Yiwei Liu, Zhenglian Ren Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Happiness is an important dimension to measure the quality of life. The divorce rate of Chinese families has been increasing in recent years, so will adults' happiness be affected by childhood parental divorce' Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a nationwide social survey project that was conducted among Chinese individuals aged 45 or older in 2014. The results show that childhood parental divorce was significantly negatively associated with happiness, and health condition, education level, and social interaction mediated this relationship. We should analyze the influence of early age factors on happiness from the perspective of life cycle, and actively deal with the factors that have negative effects on happiness, thus improving the quality of life in adulthood. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-30T06:50:21Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194292
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Authors:Petra Nordqvist, Leah Gilman Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This article asks how well new developments in family life are reflected in law and policy, with a particular focus on donor conception. There has been an unprecedented ‘opening up’ of family life in recent decades; this increased diversity is, at least in part, linked to developments in reproductive technologies, including gamete donation. In family lives touched by donation, genetic relations with ‘donor connections’ take genetic connectedness beyond traditional notions of kinship. There is not yet an established social script for how to understand what constitutes meaningful connectedness in reproductive donation. Focussing on the UK context specifically, where assisted conception is highly regulated, this article examines on the one hand, how UK law and policy portray meaningful connectedness in the context of donation, and, on the other hand, how well this fits with connectedness as experienced within egg and sperm donor communities. Drawing on original data from UK law and policy analysis, and empirical interview data with egg and sperm donors and their kin, our analysis shows important disparities between law and policy, and the empirical evidence, suggesting a need for an overhaul of UK donor conception law and policy. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-25T06:25:35Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194285
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Authors:Reilly Kincaid Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Harmonious family relationships are integral to well-being. Given that family relationships are fundamentally interdependent, parents’ well-being may be shaped not only by satisfaction with their own relationships with their family members but also by their perceptions of their family members’ relationships with each other. This study examines how parents’ mental health is shaped by satisfaction with (their perceptions of) the relationships among their children (i.e., perceived children–sibling relationships) and between their spouses and their children (i.e., perceived spouse–child relationships). Analyses using HILDA survey data (N = 43,913 person-years) suggest that parents’ satisfaction with their children’s relationships with each other and their spouse’s relationship with their children are indeed associated with better mental health, primarily through their roles in shaping satisfaction with parent–child and spousal relationships, respectively. Parent–child and spouse–child relationship satisfaction are especially important to mothers’ mental health. Findings contribute to family systems research and offer practical implications for promoting family well-being. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-24T10:50:05Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231197401
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Authors:Yanyu Xia, Aruna Wu, Dan Li, Lingling Wu, Jingxin Han Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The perception of the value of children (VOC) can elucidate why individuals consider it beneficial to have children by uncovering their subjective intentions and experiences regarding their fertility decisions. Using VOC perceptions to understand fertility change in the modernization process, this qualitative study explores how parents’ VOC change meshes with China’s socioeconomic and cultural contexts. This article examines intergenerational VOC evolution under the support and constraints of socioeconomic environments and cultural norms. Grandparents, embedded in the rural economy and traditional culture, exhibit economic/utilitarian and social/normative VOC. Young parents, living, and having grown up in urban economic and modernized cultural contexts, recognize emotional/psychological VOC for fertility intention. Migrant parents living in urban economies but bound by traditional culture believe that social/normative VOC is important for fertility intention. The results advance understanding of the integration of individuals’ psychological intentions with the socioeconomic-cultural contexts that influence their fertility and VOC. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-22T04:26:05Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231197407
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Authors:Helyne Frederick, Jeannette M. Wade, Sharon Parker, Hannah Dillon, Stacie Durocher, Dorrian Wilson Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Informed by ecological and Black feminist approaches, this inductive, thematic analysis analyzed narratives from 24 Black college women, ages 18–25, about the sexual socialization they received from multiple agents within and outside of the family. The themes were: Avoidance, Safety and Consent, Fun and Action-Centered Acts, (Mis)Information About Sexual Health, Gendered Norms, and Purity versus Sexual Freedom. The women received messages of avoidance, purity, safety, consent, and gendered norms, from their families and schools. Peers and media socialized women to view sex as fun and action centered. Given the persistent increases in sexually transmitted infections and diseases, and formation of longer-lasting romantic relationships during the college years, it is important for young adult women, including Black women, to receive adequate knowledge and skills to advocate for safe and healthy romantic sexual relationships. Implications of the findings are discussed. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-21T04:41:08Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194284
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Authors:Lei Lei, Frederic Traylor Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Religion is an important cultural institution that shapes family ideologies and behaviors. Although previous research has documented religious differences in parenting behaviors and parent–child relationships in adolescence, how religion influences parental support of young adult children is not clear. Using data from the Transition into Adulthood Supplement (TAS) of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID, 2005–2017; N = 9,754 person-years), we employed mixed-effect logistic and linear regression models to examine the impacts of young adults’ religious affiliation, religious salience, and parent–child religious concordance on parental coresidence and financial support. The results show that mainline Protestant and Catholic young adults are more likely than nonreligious youth to live with their parents. Catholic and Jewish young adults receive more financial support from their parents than nonreligious youth did when they are religiously concordant with their mother. The associations between religious affiliation and parental support are strengthened by young adults’ religious salience and religious concordance with their mother. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-19T05:30:37Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231195653
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Authors:Wenze Tian, Yiming He, Xiaoyu Wang Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The effect of marriage pairings on fertility intentions is specific and has attracted increasing scholarly attention in recent years. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study explored the impact of couples’ educational pairings, age pairings, and income pairings on women’s desired number of children and their preference for sons. The results showed that marital-educational pairing had a greater effect on women’s fertility intentions than age and income pairing. The effect of marital pairing on women’s fertility intentions is also influenced by women’s age and urban–rural differences. The study helps to understand the changes in women’s fertility intentions and the factors influencing them after the fertility policy transition in China and inspires scholars to pay more attention to the interaction process between couples in the study of fertility intentions. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-15T12:29:52Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194299
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Authors:Nikki Hayfield, Bethan Jones, Julia Carter, Adam Jowett Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Civil partnerships first became available to mixed-sex couples in England and Wales in December 2019. To date, there has been no research exploring the perspectives of mixed-sex couples who choose to become civil partners. We interviewed 21 people, as individuals or in couples, who were considering, planning, or had already entered into a civil partnership. Our thematic analysis resulted in two themes. In Free from the patriarchal baggage of marriage: Civil partnership as a clean slate of equality, we discuss how participants portrayed marriage as imbued with problematic traditions. In contrast, civil partnerships were portrayed as a contemporary form of relationship recognition that was in fitting for them and their relationships. In the second theme, Doing thing differently' Rejecting or reimagining weddings we discuss how participants critiqued traditions to navigate whether and how to reject them entirely, or attempt to creatively reimagine them. We consider the implications of our results. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-14T03:33:55Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194298
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Authors:Verónica Amarante, Cecilia Rossel, Federico Scalese Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This paper explores the relationship between access to early childhood education and care (ECEC) services and family arrangements in the distribution of work in four Latin American countries. We find that households in which all children aged 0 to 5 receive ECEC services exhibit smaller gender gaps in unpaid work, mainly due to a decrease in the amount of time women devote to care work. Women in these households devote more time to paid work, such that the gender gap in total work does not differ between households based on use of ECEC services. However, use of ECEC services for children aged 0 to 5 is associated with reduced hours of unpaid work among women and an increase in women’s hours of paid work. These findings confirm the importance of increasing access to early childhood care and education services to reduce gender gaps in the region. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-11T05:02:04Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194296
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Authors:Yiwen Shangguan, Chuanfeng Han, Jing Zhao Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The grandparents’ retirement behavior has important support on mother’s employment quality. This paper aims to estimate the influence of grandparents’ retirement behavior on mother’s employment quality, based on the China Family Panel Studies of 2018. The findings reveal a significant enhancement in mother’s employment quality resulting from grandparents’ retirement behavior. The mediating effect of grandparents’ intergenerational caregiving explains approximately 68.77% of this improvement. Furthermore, the positive effect of grandparents’ retirement behavior on mother’s employment quality is more pronounced in families where the grandchild is older and in better health. Notably, the involvement of paternal grandparents yields more favorable outcomes compared to maternal grandparents. Findings from this study suggest that grandparent’s retirement behavior play an important role in mother’s employment quality through the provision of childcare assistance. Moreover, these findings highlight that the effectiveness of such support varies depending on the characteristics of both grandchildren and grandparents. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-11T02:01:52Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231195654
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Authors:Jacquelyn K. Mallette, Cherish R. Elmore-Li Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Foster homes promote optimal outcomes among youth who experience difficulties in their original families. However, foster caregivers often face various challenges and difficulties. Guided by ecological framework, the current study examined how multiple factors from foster caregivers’ surrounding environments impact satisfaction and retention among 462 foster caregivers in the United States. Regression analyses suggested that certain demographics, parenting characteristics, and agency characteristics were associated with foster care retention, levels of satisfaction, and overall foster care experience. To probe these findings further, results from latent profile analyses suggested that foster caregivers fell into two profiles—those who experienced a large amount of challenges or few challenges during their time as foster caregivers. On average, those who experienced few challenges reported significantly more satisfaction with foster caregiving, greater intention to continue fostering, and a better overall fostering experience compared with those who experienced more challenges. Implications and limitations are discussed. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-11T01:25:53Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194609
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Authors:Yoona Kim, Lawrence M. Berger, Daniel R. Meyer Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Research on fathering has substantially increased but we still know relatively little about whether and how fathers’ own perspectives on their parenting differ across a variety of family situations. We estimate associations between nonresident fathers’ family types and nonresident fathers’ perceptions of the quality of their parenting and their relationships with their children, using data from the Child Support Noncustodial Parent Employment Demonstration program on lower-income nonresident fathers (n = 5,835) and logistic regressions. High-quality parenting is more likely to be reported by nonresident fathers with multiple-partner fertility and both resident and nonresident children than either those with multiple-partner fertility and only nonresident children or those with single-partner fertility. High-quality relationships with children are more likely to be reported by those with single-partner fertility than those with multiple-partner fertility. These findings suggest the importance of resident children in fathers’ perceptions of their parenting and highlight the difficulties of parenting across multiple households. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-10T09:24:30Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194288
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Authors:Ana Balsa, Juanita Bloomfield, Alejandro Cid, Martina Lorenzo, Paula Patrone Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Home environments suffered a range of stressors during COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the impact of these stressors on children’s well-being by households’ conditions. Participants included main caregivers (N = 615) with a child under the age of 3 in a developing Latin-American country. We use multivariate analysis to explore associations between these shocks, the childrearing environment, and children’s well-being. We find that households with lower education and recipients of government assistance were more exposed to negative shocks linked to COVID-19. However, the most educated households were more likely to face an increased burden of childcare. Exposure to negative shocks was associated with a deterioration in the emotional well-being of adults, a higher prevalence of intra-family violence, and behavioral changes in children. Households that reported more time spent caring for children, as well as difficulties in combining care and work, showed higher levels of parental depression and worse indicators of parenting quality. We observe a drop in the frequency of parental involvement in didactic and socializing activities with their children, and a poorer mental health status for the main caregiver (mostly mothers). Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-09T08:57:31Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194289
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Authors:Kinga Kaleta, Aleksandra Jaśkiewicz Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Although marital forgiveness has been found to increase marital satisfaction, no research to date has examined the actual mechanism. This could derive from the ABCM model of marital satisfaction (Hall, 2021), in which disposition to forgive is understood as one of the marriage maintenance strategies contributing to spousal happiness. In two cross-sectional studies, we examined the association between marital forgiveness and satisfaction. We also tested a model in which dispositional forgiveness mediates the link between forgiveness of a particular marital incident and satisfaction with spousal relationship, moderated by transgression severity and apology. The Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness Scale, the Heartland Forgiveness Scale and measures of marital satisfaction were used. Positive main effects between forgiveness and multidimensional marital satisfaction emerged. Moderated mediation revealed the mediation effect of dispositional forgiveness, which did not depend on the level of the moderators (severity and apology). Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-09T05:37:55Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194294
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Authors:Qiang Zhou, Yang Li, Li Sun Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study explores the effect of grandparental care with no parents at present on children’s efforts, using the data from China Family Panel Studies from 2010 to 2018. In order to avoid the endogeneity of family childcare decisions, we use two instrumental variables (IVs): community caregiving rate (IVI) and whether the parent is born before 1978 (IVII). We find that grandparental care significantly reduces children’s efforts, and the finding remains robust. The negative marginal effect of this care pattern is more pronounced in rural and middle school children. Compared with parental care, grandparental care has increased the parental fertility intentions and decreased parental involvement and supervision investment to children, which leads them to be more likely to spend time on recreational and non-academic activities. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-09T03:37:38Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194308
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Authors:Alyona Cerfontyne, Levita D’Souza, Lefteris Patlamazoglou Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Unlike adoption and donor-assisted reproduction, misattributed paternity occurring within the context of spontaneous conception and outside of formally recognised practices of having a child remains largely an understudied phenomenon. Despite being an age-old phenomenon affecting a substantial population, the psychosocial consequences of disclosing and discovering misattributed paternity continue to lack empirical understanding. The current paper delineates misattributed paternity from other paternal discrepancies and reviews the limited body of scholarly arguments regarding the potential psychosocial consequences of disclosure/non-disclosure for individuals with paternal discrepancy. Four major categories of pro- and anti-disclosure arguments have been identified and reviewed: arguments concerned with potential disclosure/non-disclosure consequences for the child; for the parents; for the child-parent relationship and for the family unit. The review highlights the dearth of empirical knowledge on the psychosocial consequences of misattributed paternity and advocates a more nuanced exploration of this phenomenon and the need for specialist support. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-08T12:40:59Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194302
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Authors:Steve Muchiri Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study investigates trends and prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) among out-of-wedlock adolescent mothers and their likelihood of being IPV victims later in a marriage. We address possible selection bias using a propensity score matching technique. The study uses the Kenyan DHS and finds that the prevalence of IPV (a composite measure of emotional, physical, and sexual violence) was 43%, but 28%, 12%, 34%, and 13% for emotional, severe physical, less-severe physical, and sexual IPV, respectively. Overall, out-of-wedlock adolescent mothers are associated with approximately 14% higher likelihood of IPV later in marriage than non-adolescent mothers. Policy and intervention plans for out-of-wedlock adolescent motherhood are clear strategies for abating IPV. This could be addressed by advocating for improved human capital among girls, laws to combat domestic violence and rape, and managing cultural practices like acceptance of “wife-beating.” Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-08T08:33:11Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194301
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Authors:Tanya Nieri, Lissette Montoya, Clarissa Carlos Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This systematic review of the literature examined the extent and nature of white parent’s ethic-racial socialization (ERS) of white children, the factors associated with white parents’ ERS, and the child outcomes of white parents’ ERS. It followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The review included 43 English-language works published between January 2000 and June 2021 and referenced in PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, or Sociological Abstracts. It showed that white parents are engaged in ERS, employing many of the same strategies identified in research with parents of color as well as strategies identified as specific to white families. The review revealed child and parent factors related to ERS and child outcomes of ERS, including racial attitudes. In contrast with parents of color’s ERS, white parents’ ERS tends to teach strategies of advantage, preparing children to maintain their privilege. We offer recommendations for practice and future research. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-07T01:14:05Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194306
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Authors:Eman Tadros, Shannon Pedersen Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. IntroductionIncarcerated couples face a variety of concerns and barriers in their relationships, with infidelity being a major problem. This study sought to research incarcerated individuals’ intimate relationships and experiences of anger and fidelity for both partners.MethodsUsing data from the Multi-site Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting, and Partnering we utilized Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling (APIM) to examine fidelity and anger management for incarcerated men and their non-incarcerated female partners.ResultsThe findings showed that the actor effect was not statistically significant, but the partner effect was statistically significant for both the incarcerated male partner and non-incarcerated female partner. There was no statistical significance for the control variable of education, which is contrary to previous correlational studies of anger management and education levels.DiscussionBased on these results, it is recommended that incarcerated individuals receive anger management training to strengthen fidelity. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-04T03:34:58Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231194295
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Authors:Jalal Kayed. Damra, Sanaa Abujilban, Mutasem Mohammad Akour Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study aimed to examine the extent and characteristics of cyber intimate partner violence (IPV) and in-person IPV (IP-IPV) in a sample of 214 women aged 18–60 years in Jordan. A cross-sectional, correlational design was implemented, using the Cyber Aggression in Relationships and Revised Conflict Tactics Scales to evaluate both in-person and cyber IPV. The findings revealed that 65.4% of participants reported experiencing some form of cyber IPV, while 98.7% reported experiencing IP-IPV within the previous six months. Some demographic factors were linked to the prevalence of two cyber IPV types (cyber-stalking and cyber psychological aggression). Psychological and physical abuse were the most prevalent forms of IP-IPV. Exposure to cyber IPV was a predictor of psychological, physical, and injury types of IP-IPV. Overall, this study highlights the alarming prevalence of both IP-IPV and cyber IPV against women in Jordan and their interrelatedness Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-08-01T03:18:06Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181366
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Authors:Margaret Anne Johnson, Gyða Margrét Pétursdóttir Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. A woman’s choice to remain childfree is often met with disapproving comments. This article focuses on pronatalism and the social discourse that promotes and maintains motherhood as the preferred choice for women in a country that has achieved high levels of gender equality. Critical discourse analysis is applied to 30 qualitative interviews with women, trans, and non-binary people in Iceland, who are either childfree by choice or who regret motherhood. The results indicate that despite neoliberalism advocating a woman’s right to freedom of choice, pronatalist ideologies continue to undermine reproductive self-determination, promoting motherhood as the right choice. Unsolicited comments act as powerful mechanisms that serve to shame those who can bear children into becoming mothers or facing regret yet simultaneously condemn women who regret motherhood. Women who choose to remain childfree privately challenge unwanted comments by overturning pronatalist discourses, whereas those who regret their choice to become mothers struggle to express their feelings for fear of being judged and branded as failures. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-07-28T03:09:12Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181376
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Authors:Kate C. Prickett, Robert Crosnoe, R. Kelly Raley Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study explored resources from paid employment that could promote women’s health during a vulnerable period of motherhood (raising young children). Following theoretical perspectives on work–family interplay and stress, it tested two sets of hypotheses by applying cross-lagged modeling techniques to nationally representative data on mothers from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (n = 7450) and occupational conditions from the Occupational Information Network database. In general, mothers of young children reported better health when employed in occupational sectors with more socioemotional resources, such as opportunities to develop a sense of mastery and connection. For the specific set of mothers who had children with health problems, more instrumental resources on the job, such as the ability to telecommute, appeared to better support health. There was some evidence of resources mattering more in the context of part-time employment, but there were no links between any resources and mental health. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-13T07:23:09Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181370
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Authors:Jeofrey Bautista Abalos Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study aims to examine the trends in non-marriage in the Philippines and identify the factors associated with this phenomenon. It will also assess trends in cohabitation in the country and its differentials by levels of education. Data are drawn from various censuses and national surveys. Results show a continuing increase in the proportion of Filipinos who are unmarried in their 40s, particularly men. The proportion of Filipinos who are living together or cohabiting has also increased over time, while the share of those who are formally married has declined. These changes are accompanied by more liberal attitudes toward marriage and cohabitation in the Philippines. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-10T03:00:36Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231182366
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Authors:Dalhia D. Lloyd Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study examines whether there is a relation between assigned skin tone and parental racial socialization of their young children (ages 5–8). The concurrent mixed methods design combined quantitative and qualitative findings to explore the complexity and role skin tones play in Black parents’ messages to their children. In the quantitative strand, 178 Black parents completed a survey and questionnaire. The qualitative strand consisted of a one-on-one interview with 10 parents from the quantitative sample. Quantitative findings revealed that parents who assigned a light skin tone to their children engaged in more specific types of racial socialization than those who assigned a darker skin tone to their children. Analysis of qualitative interviews revealed parents’ unique messages based on assigned skin tones. Data from the two strands were integrated using a weaving approach that compared findings from both strands. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-08T01:26:47Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181375
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Authors:Rahmi Lubis, Zahrotur Rusyda Hinduan, Ratna Jatnika, Baydhowi, Hendriati Agustiani Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The unproperly functioning family can provoke adolescent mental health and behavior problems. The measurement of family function in Indonesia still uses instruments from the West, so it is necessary to develop a more suitable community tool. This study aims to validate the Indonesian version of Chinese Family Assessment Inventory. We selected 396 participants randomly from four high schools in Medan. Data analysis showed that all scale items had high validity (CVI = .86). The Confirmatory Factor Analysis concluded that the ICFAI has an identical factor structure to the original version. The data fit with the model (Chi-square 8892.122; p < .000; RMSEA = .575; CFI = .945; TLI = .939). 32 of 33 items have a good quality (t-value Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-07T05:51:16Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181363
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Authors:Mila Kingsbury, Rubab Arim, Leanne Findlay Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Early research suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic may impact parental functioning. The purpose of this study was to examine parents’ concerns during the pandemic and to explore the characteristics of families who may be particularly vulnerable to parenting concerns. Data were drawn from an online crowdsourcing survey of parents of children under age 15 in Canada (N = 32,228). Many parents were very or extremely concerned about managing child behaviour (61%) and having less patience with, scolding, or yelling at their children (46%). Family characteristics, including working from home, age of children, number of adults in the home, and child disability were associated with these parenting concerns in logistic regression models. Results are discussed in the context of the known impacts of stress on parenting and families, highlighting family-level and pandemic-specific stressors. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-07T04:30:46Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181364
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Authors:J. Scott Crapo, Adam M. Galovan, David G. Schramm Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The strong relationality model of relationship flourishing emphasizes the role of ethical responsiveness (how well a person intrinsically responds to the manifest or identifiable needs of others) as a direct predictor of relationship quality and as an indirect pathway for explaining the influence of vulnerabilities. This study is among the first explicit tests of the theorized role of ethical responsiveness. The sample consisted of 1432 adults in a romantic relationship, from the United States and Canada. Modeled as latent variables, ethical responsiveness served as a path between the variables of depression, anxiety, and friend and family support, and the dependent variable of relationship-focused relationship quality. Depression and friend support predicted ethical responsiveness. Ethical responsiveness, both supports, and depression predicted relationship quality. Friend support and depression had an indirect effect through ethical responsiveness. Our findings support the role of ethical responsiveness and suggest continued research into how and why it influences relationships. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-06T03:58:21Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181373
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Authors:Alicia Nicoleau-Poliard, Curtis A. Fox, Diadrey-Anne Sealy Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Adolescents in foster care are removed from their families of origin and are placed with foster families for temporary care until they are able to be granted a more permanent placement. This purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the bonding experience of adolescents in foster care = with their foster parents. This study included 10 foster parents who had an African-American adolescent between the ages of 12 to 18 in their care. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The analysis began with coding to develop an understanding of the bonding experiences between adolescents and their foster parents. Four processes emerged that seemed to influence bonding: communicating in conflict with empathy or assertion, sharing personal time, creating rituals, and offering support. Foster parents appeared to demonstrate the processes when there was a focus on the adolescent being a part of the family. This present study has implications for theory, research, and practice. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-05T05:03:08Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181362
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Authors:Sarah Dow-Fleisner, Christopher Baum, Shanta Pandey, Summer Sherburne Hawkins Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Maternal depression may have a significant impact on multiple aspects of parenting throughout childhood, leading to negative outcomes for children. However, the impact of depression on parenting perceptions, practices, and involvement may differ among mothers, particularly when protective factors are present. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we compared three aspects of parenting (perceptions, practices, and involvement) between depressed and non-depressed mothers, and then investigated the influence of interpersonal supports and community resources on these aspects of the parenting, specifically for depressed mothers. Findings indicated that mothers with depression were equally involved with the child at home, but were more likely to hold negative perceptions of parenting. Furthermore, interpersonal supports and community resources had an indirect impact on parenting practices and involvement through perceptions of parenting, highlighting the importance of interventions for mothers with depression that address the appraisal and expectations of parenting stress and competencies. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-05T04:38:47Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181369
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Authors:Jaewon Lee, Hyejung Lim, Jennifer Allen Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study aims to examine how mothers’ poverty differently affects young adult children’s self-esteem over time. We consider how young adult children’s income moderates the between-subject relationship and the within-subject relationship. This study used two data sets such as the NLSY79 and the NLSY79CY. We used six waves from 2004 to 2014. A total of 3975 mother–adult child dyads were chosen. The hybrid model was employed to explore both the between-subject and the within-subject relationship. There was a significant between-subject relationship regarding the effect of mothers’ poverty and adult children’s income on adult children’s self-esteem. In the between-subjects relationship, an interaction effect was found, such that children’s income moderated the between-subject relationship between mothers’ poverty and children’s self-esteem. Long-term anti-poverty programs should be provided to women with children even after they completely are away from poverty. Minimizing inequality in intergenerational economic mobility may be critical to enhance adult children’s self-esteem. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-03T07:36:28Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181365
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Authors:Yang Chen, Jin Lu, Yan Su Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Considering data from the fourth wave of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS2016), this paper examines the impact of mobile Internet usage on the relationship between adult children and elderly parents. Results drawn from ordered Probit and mediation models show that mobile Internet use, rather than the usage of the fixed Internet, enhances the parent–child relationship. Secondly, older parents, having two or more children, cannot benefit well from using the mobile Internet, and they may rely more on phone calls to uphold intergenerational contact. Thirdly, the mobile Internet enhances the non-face-to-face contact between the two generations. Also, it reduces face-to-face contact in child–parent relationships and improves face-to-face contact in the parent–child relationship. Therefore, related to increasing in the population aging, relevant departments should continue to enhance the use of mobile Internet by reducing the usage costs, improving the usage capabilities, and innovating mobile phone functions, and remain cautious due to the reduction in face-to-face communication caused by the mobile Internet use. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-06-01T02:35:20Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231181372
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Authors:Beatriz Larraz, Rosa Roig, Cristina Aybar, Jose M. Pavía Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the gender dimension of its more visible socio-economic impacts has been the topic of study by several researchers. The current paper takes this further by focusing on the invisible chores done in the families at home. This paper studies how people’s behavior towards housework changed during and after the confinement period in Spain. We analyze whether people did more housework during the lockdown period than before it, the way this housework was distributed between women and men, and whether this has changed since the end of lockdown. The empirical analyses point to a new trend in the housework gender gap: differences between men and women have narrowed since the lockdown, although women continue to bear most of the responsibility. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-05-16T03:03:38Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231172287
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Authors:Natascha Nisic, Miriam Trübner Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The persisting gendered division of domestic labor in Western societies remains puzzling. Beyond standard economic and normative explanations, more recent approaches emphasize affective, cognitive, and incorporated aspects of housework and the production, reproduction, and negotiation of gendered expectations via social interactions. However, the relevant indicators for these more implicit mechanisms are not routinely included in social surveys. Based on a unique set of items and a representative sample of heterosexual couples (N = 1396) from pairfam (wave 10), we analyze the mutual effects of both partners’ enjoyment, quality standards, and reciprocally perceived competencies on the division of housework. Actor–partner interdependence models (APIM) are applied, which explicitly model the partner dyad. Both an actor’s own and their partner’s assessments of competences and preferences—and particularly men’s attributes and perceptions—prove to be powerful predictors of housework share. The results contribute quantitative evidence on processes of doing and undoing gender in context. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-05-12T02:38:52Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231172285
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Authors:Zimbini Ncayiyane, Lindi Nel Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Within the historical context of South Africa, fathers are largely considered the breadwinner, an ideology linked to financial affordability. The breadwinner title may be a masculine boost for some but denotes a sense of disempowerment for those without financial muscle. This is especially true for young black South African fathers who are still confronting socio-historical challenges including continued high levels of unemployment. This qualitative study sought to explore how young black fathers perceive and understand fatherhood based on their individual experiences and given their socio-historical and cultural challenges. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Eight participants were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data with the foundation of a family systems theoretical framework. Findings indicated that the perception of fatherhood is constructed through (a) financial insecurity, (b) (un)expectancy and psychological distress, (c) shared responsibility, (d) cultural dynamics and (e) a renewed sense of self meaning. The study has added value in ensuring that the voices of young black fathers are captured through their lived experiences. The findings suggest that much investment is still required to understand the different angles and dynamics of young black fathers in South Africa. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-04-28T12:15:36Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231172955
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Authors:Taylor S. Vasquez, Chelsea Moss, Victor Harris, Brian Visconti Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Relationship satisfaction has consistently been associated with numerous important intrapersonal, interpersonal, and familial outcomes. In accordance with affection exchange theory, positive interaction between romantic partners should contribute to greater relationship satisfaction. However, what is less understood is the specific theoretical mechanism through which this process might occur. This study’s findings reveal that affectionate communication (given and received) positively predicted relationship satisfaction indirectly via the serial mediation of partner commitment and couple quality. This model was tested using a sample of participants of the ELEVATE relationship education program (N = 2235). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, including a call for further exploration of other theoretical pathways that may impact relationship education program evaluation. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-04-24T07:41:48Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231172286
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Authors:Selda Coşkuner Aktaş, Birgül Çiçek Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. It is well known that the Covid-19 that hit the world caused a global economic crisis. This present study aimed at examining the economic impact of this crisis with respect to families with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. In this study, we intended to demonstrate how families (n=247) met their basic needs, how they coped with financial stress, how financial stress relates to family characteristics and how it affects marital, family, and life satisfaction. The impact of family characteristics on financial stress was examined through regression analysis. The impact of financial stress on marital, family, and life satisfaction was determined through content analysis. The results of the regression analysis showed that the influence of education, debt, minimum wage employment, and fear of being laid off on financial stress was significant. The qualitative results show that individuals' marital, family and life satisfaction were negatively affected due to the financial stress they experienced during the Covid-19. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-04-18T02:36:39Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231169558
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Authors:Cecilia Serrano, Javier García-Manglano Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Young adults’ beliefs about life-long commitment such as marriage are decisive when making decisions and setting life priorities. Using a representative sample of Spanish emerging adults (ages 18–29), we explored the relationship between beliefs about marriage and life priorities (also called ultimate concerns). Using latent class analysis, we found six different marital paradigms among the population: indifferent, reject, contextual, hesitant, convinced, and traditionalist. These groups were significantly different in their life priorities—for example, in the importance they assign to parenting or their professional career. The traits of emerging adults in each paradigm helped explain differences in risk-taking and sexual behaviors, particularly for men. In sum, marital beliefs are relevant when seeking to understand the commitments, decisions, and behaviors of emerging adults. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-04-14T11:03:40Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231169657
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Authors:Jennifer March Augustine, Jaeseung Kim, Mina Lee Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Greater access to flexible work arrangements is considered a solution to many working parents’ challenges balancing the demands of work and family, yet it remains unclear whether such arrangements are associated with parents’ time in the active caregiving activities linked to children’s development and parents’ notions of quality time. We examine this question using data from the American Time Use Survey and Leave and Job Flexibilities Module (2017–2018) (n = 1,874 mothers, n = 1,756 fathers) and linear regression and inverse probability weighting techniques. Results indicate that access to flextime is associated with more active caregiving time for mothers but not fathers. They also provide suggestive evidence that flexplace is associated with more active caregiving time for mothers and fathers and strong evidence that it is associated with more passive caregiving time for both parents. The findings highlight the importance of expanding parents’ access to flexible work options, and the limits of doing so. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-04-12T04:59:02Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231169653
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Authors:Julia K. Weiss, Christine K. Anzur Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The bulk of the literature on the Relational Turbulence Model relating to U.S. military couples clusters around examining relational turbulence and communication issues when a service member returns from a deployment and reintegrates back into the home. Lacking in comparison is a deeper examination of turbulence and all of its related variables when the service member leaves the home to go on the deployment. The current study examines these components as they relate to overseas military deployment. A thematic analysis of participants’ perceptions uncovered major themes of Relational Uncertainty, Partner Interferences, and Relational Turbulence along with several subthemes and additional subtheme-types. If we consider the well-established relational communication issues couples face during reintegrating, these findings suggest that those issues may actually stem from the perceptions of relational turbulence in the initial parts of the deployment cycle during deployment. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-29T01:58:01Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231162968
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Authors:Michal Shamir, Orit Shamir Balderman Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The current study examined how state anxiety is related to social support (formal and informal), work–family conflict, and level of happiness among married mothers and single mothers by choice (SMBC) during the first lockdown of the Covid-19 crisis. The uniqueness of the present study lies in its comparison of married mothers and SMBC, whereas previous studies examined differences between single mothers, who are usually divorced, and married mothers. Moreover, the present research is the first to combine all relevant variables in one coherent study. A sample of 386 SMBC and 293 married mothers filled out a closed online questionnaire sent through social networks. The study findings show negative correlations between the level of social support, level of happiness, and type of support (friends, family, and significant others) and the level of state anxiety. Most women did not turn to formal sources of support such as aid and welfare agencies. Finally, a positive correlation was found between state anxiety and work–family conflict. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-22T05:18:23Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155661
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Authors:Daniela Barni, Ioana Zagrean, Claudia Russo, Francesca Danioni Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The process of value transmission between parents and children is unanimously considered the hallmark of successful socialization. The outcomes of value transmission have been often solely measured in terms of parent–child value similarity, thus assuming that the higher is the parent–child value similarity, the more successful is the value transmission. The present study highlighted the dialectical nature of the intergenerational transmission of values and aimed at developing a different perspective on this process by introducing the concept of value “continuity.” This term etymologically means “hang together” and entails a flow and a progression across generations. The study involved 325 Italian mother–adolescent dyads, who were asked to fill in a self-report questionnaire. Results showed the importance of considering children’s autonomous motivations in accepting or rejecting their parents’ values to find more comprehensive meanings of parent–child value similarities and differences. Implications of the findings and future research developments are discussed. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-18T04:57:54Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231163939
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Authors:Doug B. Downey, Man Yao, Joseph Merry Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. In the U.S., evidence has emerged suggesting that divorce is lower among those with many versus few siblings, a pattern that may indicate that children develop important social skills via their childhood interactions with siblings. However, this pattern has yet to be tested in other countries with varying fertility and divorce rates. We extend the empirical basis of the sibship size/divorce literature by exploring the association in China and Europe, each with unique demographic characteristics. Each additional sibling is associated with an 11 percent decline in the probability of divorce in China and a two percent decline in Europe, net a wide range of covariates. We also test whether these patterns vary across cohorts and alternative coding schemes. The results have implications for our understanding of how growing up with siblings influences later life outcomes and the contextual features that form that relationship. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-16T01:35:43Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231162977
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Authors:Rebecca L. Fix, Tamar Mendelson Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Caregivers of adolescent daughters with juvenile legal system involvement face unique stressors that have been largely overlooked in research and practice. The current study recruited 183 Black and Native North American/Indigenous caregivers with daughters involved in the juvenile legal system via a Qualtrics survey distributed using MTurk with careful screening practices. Results indicated high levels of stress and worry related to daughter’s juvenile legal system involvement. Female caregivers used prayer, talking with friends, going to therapy, and exercise significantly more than male caregivers as coping strategies. Problems associated with daughter’s juvenile legal system involvement and worry about daughter’s juvenile legal system involvement significantly impacted use of most coping strategies. Finally, nearly all caregivers were interested in trying new activities to strengthen their relationship with their daughter and in strategies to improve their own mental health. Potential intervention components highlighted by caregivers indicate future directions for family-focused programming targeting families with juvenile legal system involvement. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-15T08:04:19Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231163937
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Authors:Caroline C. Piotrowski Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The present study investigated the degree to which the quality of sibling relationships interacted with the quality of mother–child relationships to concurrently predict prosocial behavior between school-aged siblings while taking age spacing into account. Forty-five families with two school-aged siblings were recruited from the community. Prosocial behavior was coded from unstructured laboratory observation of sibling interaction. Both children reported on the quality of their sibling relationships; the quality of mother–child relationships was assessed by coding laboratory observation of mother–child interaction, conducted separately with each sibling. A compensatory pattern was found; higher warmth between widely spaced siblings was associated with greater sibling prosocial behavior when maternal positivity was low, and also when maternal negativity was high. These compensatory patterns did not occur for siblings closer in age. Findings suggested that sibling dynamics and relational roles play an important function in children’s prosocial development. Results were discussed within family systems frameworks. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-14T02:10:30Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231162965
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Authors:Lindsey R. Gedaly, Joseph A. Cifelli, Mark E. Feinberg, Michelle L. Hostetler Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study aimed to understand the strategies families used to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, and their effects on family, parent, child, and couple functioning and well-being. In April and May 2020, and again one month later, 277 parents from 174 families who previously participated in a trial of a family preventive intervention were invited to participate in an online survey regarding the pandemic. Parents completed measures regarding family cohesion, couple coparenting and relationship quality, parenting quality, and parent and child mental health and well-being. Parents were asked to share the coping strategies they found most effective, and responses were coded into four groups: Family Unity, Healthy Habits, Adaptability, and Child-Focused. Adaptability was associated with increases in couple relationship quality but also in child internalizing and externalizing behaviors from Month 1 to Month 2. The results suggest that the strategies parents use may have differing effects on parents and children. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-13T11:10:47Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231162980
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Authors:Julia Morgan, Caroline Leeson Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Drawing on Elias’s work on established-outsider figurations, stigmatisation and the civilising process, this study explores the narratives of women, who are mothers of children under the age of 18 years old, in one female prison in England, United Kingdom. We conducted 31 in-depth interviews as well as three focus groups with 26 different women, exploring their experiences of being an imprisoned mother as well as staying in contact with their children from prison. Moreover, we interviewed 15 members of staff. Our findings highlight the stigmatised ‘outsider’ nature that is ascribed to mothers in prison which is reinforced by the prison environment and figurations between mothers and prison staff. By highlighting the stigmatised and outsider positioning of mothers in prison, this research has significance for practice and policy. Improving support for imprisoned mothers and the development of non-stigmatising, more inclusive, compassionate institutions and compassionate responses are thus required. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-13T03:34:54Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231162975
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Authors:Patrick Heuveline, Michelle Kao Nakphong Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Previous work has suggested that the drastic Khmer-Rouge-era changes to the family institution have not endured. Potentially more influential in the long term were the rapid socio-economic changes Cambodia underwent starting in the 1990s. We use four waves of the Cambodian Demographic and Health Surveys from 2000 to 2014 to document contemporary trends in marriage formation and dissolution. We find little change in the centrality of marriage, as both cohabitation and sex between unmarried partners remain quite rare. Marriage also continues to be nearly universal and early for women, but we find that the transition to self-arranged “love” marriages occurred earlier and faster than previously documented. A sign that parental endorsement may still matter though, marriage dissolution continues to be associated with spousal characteristics deemed undesirable by past generations. While higher among recent marriage cohorts, especially in the first year after marriage, levels of marriage dissolution remain comparatively low overall. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-11T07:17:20Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155590
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Authors:Malina Her, Zha Blong Xiong Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Contrary to other Asian Americans, Hmong, a subgroup of Southeast Asians, have seen a steady increase of divorce rates in prior decades. Due to their clan-based patrilineal system and collectivistic values, divorce is stigmatized and discouraged, especially for Hmong women. A mixed-methods approach was used to explore Hmong women’s reasons for divorce, divorce initiation, and the relationship of social support and depression levels. To analyze findings, a thematic content analysis of written responses in addition to regression models were conducted. Our qualitative findings show the most prominent reasons for divorce reported by Hmong women were personality or life differences, abusive behaviors, and infidelity. No statistical significance was found between initiation of divorce and perceived social support or depression and perceived social support. Implications of findings are shared. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-03-09T01:14:23Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231162966
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Authors:Yuying Tong, Yiqing Gan, Chunxue Zhang Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The universal two-child policy in China did not lead to a significant increase in fertility, which results in many public debates. In this study, we examine to what extent a couple’s desires for more children are associated with their behavior for having a second child, and whether there is a gender power imbalance in the realization process. Using the China Family Panel Studies data in 2014 and 2018, the findings suggest that the overall rate of having a second child is low after the policy relaxation. Compared to wives, husbands have greater power in the second-child realization, and this phenomenon is only salient in rural areas. Education, as an indicator of resources and a tool of empowerment, played a limited role in reversing the husband’s dominance in fertility outcomes in rural areas. This study sheds light on domestic power relations and fertility realization in an era right after the policy relaxation in China and calls for policies to target the issues of how to raise fertility levels without sacrificing women’s interests. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-24T02:29:34Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150976
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Authors:Damien W. Riggs, Clemence Due Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Family values operate in both immediate (i.e., familial) and broader social contexts. This study used a mixed methods approach to examine both forms of family values in the Australian context. A convenience sample of 856 people completed a measure of family values about both their own values and their perceived values of one of their parents, and a measure of familism. Using a story completion approach, a majority of the sample also responded to three story stems focused on the perceived values held by fictional families. Quantitative findings identified relationships between participant and perceived parent values in terms of gender. Participants reported high levels of familism, predicted by religiosity, age, and being a parent. Qualitative findings suggested that some participants were mindful of discrimination faced by the fictional families, but many participants also provided deficit accounts. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-22T12:56:07Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231158688
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Authors:Fatemeh Torabi Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Although the practice of child or early marriage—defined as marriage by age 18—has been declining around the world, one in every five young women still marry as children. The majority of child brides live in Asia and that includes over 400 million women. Yet, no study to date has investigated cross-national differences in early marriage and its correlates in Asia. Using data from multiple sources, this paper describes the geographical distribution of early marriage in Asia, assesses the extent to which the exiting variation is related to demographic, economic, and gender-related factors, and examines the association between early marriage and health outcomes. The findings suggest that (1) the prevalence of early marriage varies widely among Asian countries; (2) the best single predictor of early marriage is the proportion of girls progressing to secondary school; and (3) early marriage is associated with poor health outcomes among women and children. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-18T05:27:21Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231157392
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Authors:Wei-Jun Jean Yeung, Gavin W. Jones Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This article contextualizes and highlights findings from the 14 articles included in this special issue that aims to examine emerging dimensions in Asia. The articles cover a wide range of topics and all make an original contribution to our understanding of different aspects of marriage in the region. The vast diversity in East, Southeast, and South Asia continues to be observed ranging from universal marriage and the high prevalence of child marriages in some countries to high singlehood rates in others. This issue explores the extent to which the “second demographic transition” occurs in Asia, documenting the rising cohabitation, singlehood, and divorce in the Philippines, China, Indonesia, and Taiwan. Transnational marriages in Singapore and South Korea and remarriage patterns in Thailand are also examined. The rise in women’s education remains a key determinant of union formation behavior empowering women in making decisions about whether, when, and to whom they marry. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-15T10:11:21Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231157403
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Authors:Zohra Ansari-Thomas Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Studies in the United Kingdom have shown distinctions in intergenerational co-residency between UK-born and foreign-born individuals, however, little research has examined how factors such as immigrant incorporation, economic adaptation, and kin availability shape household formation patterns among immigrants. This paper uses data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (2009–2010) to explore differences in the likelihood of UK-born and foreign-born working-aged adults to co-reside with at least one parent, highlighting distinctions by life stage (age) at migration and gender. Results show that, regardless of life stage at migration, foreign-born women and men are less likely to co-reside with parents than UK-born, however, intergenerational co-residency is high among some second-generation immigrant groups, particularly UK-born Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi individuals. These findings challenge cultural assumptions about household formation patterns and point to the need for additional research on how economic inequality, kin availability, and gender norms shape immigrant household composition. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-15T05:56:58Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155660
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Authors:Kriti Vikram Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. India has witnessed a dramatic expansion of higher education, and women have emerged as noteworthy winners in the process. This paper focuses on the role of female college education on four dimensions of marriage: age at marriage, autonomy in the choice of spouse, work and financial empowerment, and quality of marital relationship. The study uses a sample of 35,561 currently married women from the 2011-2012 wave of the nationally representative India Human Development Survey (IHDS). It demonstrates that higher education, particularly college education, enables women to lead lives substantively different from their less-educated peers. College-educated women marry at later ages, enjoy greater autonomy in choosing their husbands, and have a more egalitarian relationship with their spouses. Furthermore, the study finds that educational homogamy and hypogamy afford greater autonomy to women. Even without a concomitant increase in labor force participation, college education among women appears to have a transformative effect on marriage in India. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-13T05:09:07Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155591
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Authors:Jesse Smith, Nicholas H. Wolfinger Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Premarital sex predicts divorce, but we do not know why. Scholars have attributed the relationship to factors such as differences in beliefs and values, but these explanations have not been tested. It is further unclear how this relationship changes by number of sexual partners, or differs by gender. We re-examine this relationship with event history models using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Models include measures of adolescent beliefs and values, religious background, and personal characteristics, as well as approximate number of premarital sexual partners in young adulthood. We find the relationship between premarital sex and divorce is highly significant and robust even when accounting for early-life factors. Compared to people with no premarital partners other than eventual spouses, those with nine or more partners exhibit the highest divorce risk, followed by those with one to eight partners. There is no evidence of gender differences. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-13T03:04:32Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155673
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Authors:Wei-Jun Jean Yeung, Shuya Lu Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Transnational marriages between Singaporeans and non-Singaporeans have increased significantly in the 21st century, peaking at 41% among citizen marriages in 2009. About three-quarters of these couples are Singaporean grooms marrying foreign brides originating from lower income countries in Asia. We use a new nationally representative study—Singapore Longitudinal Early Development Study (SG LEADS)—to examine gender relations between spouses with young children and their family dynamics. Results show that compared to native-born mothers, foreign-born mothers have a more traditional gender ideology, bear heavier responsibility for housework, and are less likely to take primary responsibility for financial matters in the family. Data also reveal that there are more disagreements about childrearing between spouses and a higher level of family conflicts in these cross-national families. These differences can partly be accounted for by the age gap between spouses, mother’s education, family income, mother’s employment status, and family composition. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-11T04:55:56Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231156675
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Authors:Noriko O. Tsuya Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study examines the patterns of educational attainment and first employment among young Japanese, and their effects on the likelihood of first marriage, using micro-level data drawn from a national family survey in 2004 and its follow-up in 2007. Attainment of higher education increased dramatically in postwar Japan, and such gains were especially notable for women. Meanwhile, regular employment has decreased, and temporary employment has risen rapidly among young Japanese since the 1990s. The study reveals that obtaining regular employment as the first job strongly enhances the likelihood of first marriage for both genders although the marriage-enhancing effect is stronger for men than for women. First entry to the labor market as a temporary worker also significantly diminishes the likelihood of first marriage for men. Like other industrialized economies in Asia, improving educational attainment is found to be a factor causing declining first marriage among young Japanese women. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-10T05:50:03Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155594
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Authors:Shira Klimor Maman, Danny Kaplan, Shira Offer Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Research on intensive parenting norms still lacks a systematic framework to account for the ways these translate into everyday childcare practices and underlying logics and ideals. Based on in-depth interviews with 42 middle-class Israeli parents, we delineate a folk model of intensive parenting associated with ideals of self-fulfillment. The model comprises two parenting approaches, each differentiated into practices, logics, and cultural discourses. The first approach is characterized by “going-with-the-flow” practices stressing expressive bonding geared toward the child’s desires. It points to a logic of aspiration development grounded in therapeutic discourse. The second approach is associated with practices of “getting-things-done” by “activating” the child to accomplish goals and reflects a logic of capability enhancement grounded in neoliberal discourse. By deconstructing contemporary parenting, we show that therapeutic and neoliberal values converge at the discursive level but are experienced as contradictory in everyday practice, thus accounting for the tensions of intensive parenting. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-10T05:15:50Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155658
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Authors:Anne Lambert, Mariona Segú, Chhavi Tiwari Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The relationship between nonstandard work schedules (NSWS) and fertility assumes prominence in developed countries that have witnessed a concerning decline in fertility and an increase in NSWS. Our study investigates the effect of different types of NSWS on women’s fertility in France. We use the Conditions de Travail (CT) panel dataset covering 4178 women of childbearing age in 2013, 2016, and 2019. Using fixed effect models, we find that working a nonstandard schedule decreases the propensity of a woman to have a new child. In addition, the result is primarily attributable to the first child compared to the second child. When assessing the different types of NSWS, we find that the negative effect of NSWS is stronger for the night schedule than the weekend, evening, and morning work. Finally, the implications of these findings are discussed related to work-life policies. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-08T09:24:49Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150975
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Authors:Yang Shen, Yue Qian Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Although online dating tools have become increasingly diverse over the decades, little is known about the search strategies of individuals or their choices of using certain dating platforms. Based on interviews with 29 heterosexual, highly-educated daters conducted in Shanghai, we examine their strategies for finding a partner online. Online daters can be categorized into three distinct dating types depending on their mating goals and mate preferences: dating, xiangqin (matchmaking), and mixed. We investigated the underlying gendered factors that drove them to specific dating types and guided their choices of online dating platforms. Despite the heterogeneity in dating types, online dating exhibited homophily effects, which may reinforce social inequality in China’s marriage market. While existing research often contrasted online dating with “traditional venues” and used online dating to symbolize modernity, we illustrate the subtlety between xiangqin and dating, thereby challenging the widely-used dichotomy of traditionality and modernity in conceptualizing family-related behaviors. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-08T07:29:41Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155603
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Authors:Zheng Mu Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Using data from the 2018 Chinese Family Panel Studies, this study examines the associations between premarital cohabitation, marital satisfaction, and the probability of a subsequent divorce and captures the gradated variations of marital quality by incorporating divorce and self-rated marital satisfaction into a generic measure of marital quality. Findings show positive associations between cohabitation and divorce and negative associations between cohabitation and marital quality. Results further show that the negative association between cohabitation and marital quality is weakened by better education, higher income, and rural origin, and stronger among men. The consistent negative associations between cohabitation and all the marital quality outcomes indicate the persistent strength of the norm of universal marriage, based on which cohabitation is still considered substantively distinct from marriage both in terms of legal status and social recognition. The diverse social gradients of the cohabitation-marital quality links reflect the heterogeneous social meanings of cohabitation in contemporary China. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-07T06:57:08Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155663
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Authors:Ying-Ting Wang, Wen-Shan Yang Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Cohabitation has become more common in communities that have experienced demographic transitions, including in Taiwan, and hence it has become a research interest. However, our understanding of cohabitation in Taiwan has been limited to indirect estimations and cross-sectional analysis due to the lack of appropriate data. These analyses can provide a quick overview of the prevalence of cohabitation at specific periods, but they cannot portray the risk of cohabitation over the life course. Using recent panel data from the Taiwan Youth Project, we estimate cohabitation risk among young adults in their mid-20s to early-30s. We also examine the determinants of cohabitation. Results show that being a woman, not employed, living in emerging regions, not having varying residential locations, ever having sex (especially at an earlier age), and being more open to premarital intimacy were associated with higher odds of cohabitation. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-07T04:53:32Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155589
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Authors:Sarah C. Hunter, Chelsea E. Mauch, Kate Ridley, Jessica Shipman, Damien W. Riggs, John Coveney, Rebecca Feo, Rebecca K. Golley Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This multi-method project examined how Australian caregivers navigated family life during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and subsequent impact on family health behaviours. Participants were invited to complete all three phases. In phase 1, 115 caregivers completed an online survey, focussed on 2020 experiences of COVID-19. In phase 2, 96 of the participants completed a use-of-time recall and 80 completed a dietary recall examining participants’ health behaviours including how they spent their time, their physical activity, and diet quality. Phase 3 involved 24 of the participants completing an online story completion task, focussed on understanding participants’ sense-making of COVID-19. Through triangulating analyses of the three phases, this project identified how poor relationship quality negatively affected families’ experiences of significant disruptions and transitions. This project provides a nuanced picture of how COVID-19 in 2020 impacted family life and highlights the importance of caregiver relationship quality for family health and wellbeing. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-07T02:39:29Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155668
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Authors:Dana Sýkorová Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The aim of this study is to understand siblinghood in old age through the perspective of Czech older adults. Forty-one in-depth interviews were analyzed, and four themes characterizing siblinghood among older persons were identified in the data: (1) Siblinghood as a unique bond, understood through genetic relatedness, the sense of belongingness, shared memories, and awareness of being the last members of the family of origin. (2) Being consanguineous and, as a result, irrevocably bonded by mutual commitments. (3) Being emotionally supportive and ready for help if needed and as resources allow. (4) The rules of doing siblinghood: the genealogical rules vs. the rule of family of procreation priority; the rule of genetic relatedness vs. the selectivity rule, or rather the preferences of particular siblings; the rules of “good siblinghood” (being interested in themselves, mutual respect, no envy). Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-07T02:23:51Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150974
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Authors:Monica Kirkpatrick Johnson, Sadie Ridgeway Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The extension of parental financial support into young adulthood has fueled concerns in the U.S. about young people’s development of independence and responsibility—financial and otherwise. This study draws on data from the Transition to Adulthood Supplement to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to examine young people’s self-assessments of these qualities as well as their financial concerns. The findings indicate that receiving financial support from families was negatively associated with young adults’ assessments of their independence and how much financial responsibility they have for themselves. It was also associated with more frequent worrying about money. Panel models offered no support for the argument that such associations result from financial assistance undermining these accomplishments, instead indicating that financial assistance is in some cases beneficial. In contrast, earlier assessments of these qualities and concerns predicted later receipt of financial support, supporting more of a selection argument. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-07T01:34:11Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155600
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Authors:Soomin Kim, Doo-Sub Kim Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study examines the social factors and bilingual education for the children of international couples in South Korea. Previous studies identified two negative factors for bilingual education based on destination and immigrant characteristics: resistance from local spouses and the immigrants’ need for assimilation. We further develop the concept of global language status, which may moderate these effects. Using the 2015 Korean Multicultural Family Survey, we conduct regression analyses to test the two factors based on the origin country of immigrant wives. The findings show that the global language status is a meaningful factor that impacts the direction of the local resistance and assimilation effects. Korean husbands’ decision-making power on children’s education is significantly associated with a decrease in bilingual education. Korean language proficiency and citizenship as markers of assimilation also affect bilingual education, but they show a decrease for Chinese wives but an increase for Southeast Asian wives. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-06T09:53:06Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155651
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Authors:Cheng Zhang, Yanan Liang, Xiaoyu Qi Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Low fertility willingness has become a major practical reality in China. From the perspective of family gender equality, this paper analyzes the impact of division of housework on women’s fertility willingness by using the data of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The results of propensity score matching method and instrumental variable method show that husbands’ participation in housework can effectively improve wives’ fertility willingness. Mechanism analysis shows that husbands’ active participation in housework can effectively reduce wives’ work–family conflict, increase wives’ satisfaction with husbands’ housework contribution, and help improve wives’ happiness and fertility willingness. Further discussion on whether families have had children or not shows that women who have had children are more sensitive to their husbands’ participation in housework. This study provides empirical evidence for the applicability of family gender equality theory in China and the factors affecting women’s fertility willingness. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-06T09:31:26Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155666
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Authors:Gavin Jones, Xiaorong Gu Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Focusing on men’s negotiation of traditional norms and new gender dynamics amidst rapid social changes, the current study reveals nuanced trends and inter-regional heterogeneity in marriage behavior of men during the past decades in Asian societies. Since the 1970s, marriage age for men across Asia has risen and the slope of change is especially sharp in East Asia; while men in East and Southeast Asia increasingly remain single in their 30s and early 40s, earlier and almost universal marriage continues to dominate men’s nuptiality in South Asian societies. We contextualize these empirical patterns in the complex interplay of aggregate-level socioeconomic development, the changing labor market conditions (as reflected in a high level of job insecurity and informalization), shifting gender dynamics in educational attainment and labor market participation, and remaining legacies of traditional gender role expectations. This study offers compelling empirical evidence for further theorizing marriage and gender in Asia. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-06T09:20:23Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155656
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Authors:Motahareh Zare Mazloom, Monika Ardelt, Samaneh Asadi, Fahimeh Dehghani Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study investigated relations of parental three-dimensional wisdom on 15–17-year-old adolescents’ cognitive, social, and emotional developmental qualities. Families were recruited in 10th and 11th grades of public schools in Yazd, Iran, and a total of 140 father–mother–adolescent triads participated in the research. In multivariate regression analyses, parental wisdom was positively related to adolescents’ social intelligence and emotional competence but unrelated to adolescents’ cognitive skills and intelligence. Moreover, significant interaction effects between parental wisdom and adolescent gender showed that paternal wisdom only predicted sons’ social intelligence and emotional competence, whereas maternal wisdom only predicted daughters’ social intelligence and emotional competence. These results indicate that (a) wise parents appear to be role models for the social and emotional development of same sex adolescents and (b) intellectual development depends on other factors than parental wisdom. This suggests that promoting wisdom development in parents likely benefits the psychosocial development of their children. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-06T03:23:29Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155650
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Authors:Wiraporn Pothisiri, Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan, Nitchakarn Kaewbuadee Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Thailand’s marriage system has been undergoing a significant transformation. Past research has often focused on the declining marriage rates, delays in marital timing, and the rise in marital dissolution. Much less attention is paid to remarriage trends and consequences. Addressing this pertinent gap, we analyze multiple nationally representative surveys to examine recent trends, correlates, and potential implications of remarriage among Thai reproductive-age women. Our results indicate that remarriage is commonplace in Thailand, and that birth cohort, educational attainment, residence location, age at first marriage, and children from a previous marriage are significantly associated with the likelihood to remarry. We find that Thai women tend to have additional children after remarriage. While research elsewhere suggests the positive effect of remarriage on health and life satisfaction, this is not evident in Thailand. Women whose remarriage has ended reported significantly lower life satisfaction than those who did not remarry. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-03T07:28:49Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155659
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Authors:Rachel Rinaldo, Eva F. Nisa, Nina Nurmila Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. In the past 20 years, divorce has increased in Indonesia. Indonesian statistics show that divorces initiated by women exceed those by men. One issue that is often neglected is how socioeconomic differences also play a role in this matter. Drawing on our collaborative research on Muslim divorces in Indonesia, this paper focuses on the interplay between divorce strategies and socioeconomic differences among Muslim couples. Our in-depth interviews with 93 Muslim men and women and 19 judges from Islamic courts show that class differences shape distinctive dynamics of divorce among Muslim Indonesians. Couples from less educated, lower-income backgrounds accept marriage dissolution more easily, with women becoming much less tolerant of men’s behaviors such as infliction of domestic violence, infidelity, and failure to provide financial support. Educated, middle-class urban couples divorce for similar reasons but tend to experience a lengthier process accompanied by complex layers of conflict. Many educated women’s narratives emphasize their ability to support themselves through working, and a desire to be free of a bad marriage at any cost. Class and education thus contribute to significant differences in the experience and trajectories of divorce in Indonesia. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-03T07:24:10Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155657
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Authors:Premchand Dommaraju Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Age gap between spouses has important implications for a range of outcomes—from fertility and longevity, to gender relationships, marital quality, and stability. This paper examines the age gap between spouses in 12 countries in South and Southeast Asia. The average age difference (husband’s minus wife’s age) is positive in all countries and ranges from 2.7 in Myanmar to 8.4 in Bangladesh. Age homogamous marriages accounted for 5% of all marriages in Bangladesh to close to half of all marriages in Thailand. The proportion of age hypogamous marriages was uniformly low in all the countries except for Myanmar where it reaches close to 10%. Men’s marriage age has a stronger effect in determining the age gap. In general, the age gap for women with lower education was larger than for those with higher education. However, much of this effect was explained by the difference in marriage timing across educational groups. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-02T01:32:30Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155662
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Authors:Siti Rohmah Nurhayati, Farida Agus Setiawati, Nesya Adira Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Marital quality typologies have been the subject of many studies in Western psychology, and dimensions of marital quality have been associated with various positive life outcomes. However, marital quality in the context of a collectivist culture, where marriage could have a different quality, has not been explored extensively. This study aimed to classify marital quality among Javanese people, one of the largest groups representing collectivist culture in Indonesia. Using data collected online from participants in five regions in Java (N = 889), we conducted a cluster analysis based on a two-dimensional marital quality scale (relationship and well-being). Three types of marital quality emerged from the analysis, namely, flourishing, functional, and surviving marriages. The flourishing type was the most positive marital quality indicator. Participants belonging to this type reported better relationship quality and well-being compared to the other two types. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-02-01T02:54:44Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231155655
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Authors:Jana L. Hunsley, Rachel D. Crawley, Stephanie Villaire Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Recent literature reveals the multifaceted experiences of the biologically related children of parents in adoptive families, or adoptive siblings. Adoptive siblings report a range of positive and negative experiences related to adoption. Some adoptive siblings describe their families as fractured or broken after adoption while others describe adoption as bringing their families closer together. Because of the range of experiences expressed, the current study examines specific factors to determine what is related to or affects adoptive sibling’s view of their family relationships. Results of this study revealed that no specific family factors were significantly related to adoptive sibling’s views; however, adoptive siblings who reported being in families that talked openly and honestly about their thoughts and feelings reported increased family connection and satisfaction and increased sibling closeness with their adopted sibling. These findings elicit further understanding of the adoptive sibling experience and include clinical implications for supporting adoptive families post-adoption. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-30T04:55:54Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150980
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Authors:Lisa M. Stewart, Claudia Sellmaier, Lisha Shrestha, Eileen M. Brennan Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Immigrant parents may struggle to secure and maintain employment if they raise children with disabilities. The current study examines data from immigrant parents responding to the 2018 National Survey of Children’s Health, including 618 raising children with special health care needs (CSHCN) and 2937 parenting children needing typical care. Parents of CSHCN had higher levels of both aggravation and resilience, but less access to a medical home than parents with typical care responsibilities. Immigrants were less likely to change jobs, but more likely to cut back work hours, or quit work, if they had CSHCNs lacking a medical home, missing more school days, and living in unsafe neighborhoods. Parents of CHSHNs also spent substantial time coordinating care and providing health care at home. Results indicate the need for service providers to connect immigrant families with CSHCNs with culturally supportive organizations that can help them handle family responsibilities while maintaining employment. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-28T01:47:50Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150981
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Authors:Courtney Hagan, Amy Halberstadt, Alison Cooke, Pamela Garner Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. White parents’ approaches to racial socialization can have significant consequences for children’s understanding of race, racial bias, and racial justice. Across three studies, we attempted to identify three racial socialization practices that White parents employ. In Study 1, 238 White parents self-reported their racial socialization practices and listed their children’s friends’ age, race, and gender. Exploratory factor analysis suggested evidence for three scales: race-consciousness, discussion-hesitancy, and race-evasiveness. Parents’ discussion hesitancy was positively associated, and race consciousness negatively associated, with the racial homogeneity of their child’s friendship group. In Study 2 (N = 79), White parents’ discussion-hesitancy was again positively associated with the racial homogeneity of their child’s friendship group. In Study 3, with 21 White parents and their children independently reporting, White parents’ discussion hesitancy was again positively associated with the racial homogeneity of their child’s friendship group. Parents’ comfort level when discussing race and parents’ intergroup contact provided additional validational evidence. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-17T09:08:56Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150973
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Authors:Silvia Di Battista, Monica Pivetti, Marco Salvati Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This experimental study examines attitudes toward stepmothers in the Italian context and predicts that negative attitudes towards heterosexual and lesbian stepmothers – compared to heterosexual biological mothers – would be higher at higher levels of gender role stereotypes. One hundred and eighty-nine Italian participants completed an online questionnaire in which they read one of three vignettes regarding a mother – (1) heterosexual biological mother; (2) heterosexual stepmother; (3) lesbian stepmother – and her child who was misbehaving. Then, participants responded to measures that assess their gender role beliefs and their beliefs concerning the mother and the child described in the vignette. Results of moderation analyses indicated that the lesbian and heterosexual stepmothers were perceived as being less competent parents, with fewer positive traits and more responsible for the child’s misbehaviour as compared to the heterosexual biological mother among participants with medium and high levels of gender role stereotypes. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-16T08:04:16Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150986
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Authors:Jacqueline Chen Chen, Bei Lu, Mingxu Yang Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. In an era of rapid aging and shrinking family sizes, only children have gradually become the main providers of old-age support. China offers a unique opportunity to investigate old-age support provision in one-child families due to its strict family planning policies. Using four-wave panel data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we ask whether old-age support in one-child families is more or less motivated by parental investments than in multi-child families. Results show a coexistence of fairness maintenance thesis and singleton compensation thesis: children’s returns to parents in one-child families are weakly motivated by their parents’ large-sum investments, but strongly motivated by parental daily transfers. In one-child families, sons are more obliged to provide old-age support in return for parental transfers than are daughters. The policy implications for old-age support provision in an aging society with a declining family size are also discussed. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-12T09:29:23Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150972
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Authors:Hillary Steinberg, Stefanie Mollborn, Jennifer Pace Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study investigated how teenagers reacted to parental regulation of technology. Using longitudinal dyadic interviews with 24 teenagers and their 21 parents in two predominantly white middle-class communities, we explored how teenagers used technology during the COVID-19 pandemic and the differential consequences parental interventions had for teens’ well-being and confidence with technology. Parents’ narratives and actions about technology use were deeply gendered. Boys felt confident about their self-regulation of technology, and parents did not substantially limit boys’ technology use during the pandemic. Girls were less confident about their ability to self-regulate and either worked with their mothers to manage technology, distrusted parents who monitored them, or lacked access to virtual hangout spaces such as video games and social media. The findings illustrate how parent-teen dynamics around adolescent technology use can produce short-term gendered inequalities in teenagers’ well-being and result in long-term disadvantages for girls. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-12T08:05:57Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150979
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Authors:Patricia S. Pittman, Claire Kamp Dush, Keeley J. Pratt, Jen D. Wong Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. As the number of interracial couples in the U.S. continues to grow, it is important to examine stressors that may lead to decreased well-being and self-rated health due to stigma. Using AddHealth, we conducted ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions to test if individuals in Black/White interracial couples experience (1) higher stress and discriminatory experiences, (2) worse depression and self-rated health, and (3) if depression and self-rated health vary as a function of perceived stress and experiences of discrimination. Biological sex differences were assessed as well. Compared to White couples, interracial couples were, on average, more likely to experience discrimination, and higher perceived stress, more depressive symptoms, and worse overall self-rated health. Our findings suggest a potential mechanism underlying these associations might be through increased stress and discrimination. Future research should further assess additional stressors to understand if interracial couples experience worse health outcomes due to being in a stigmatized relationship. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-12T07:07:17Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150994
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Authors:Siera J. Reimnitz, Heidi Stolz, Rebecca G. Renegar, Jessica L McCaig, Megan Baumgardner Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Economically marginalized families may face enduring vulnerabilities that make adaptive relational processes leading to healthy, long-term relationships more difficult. Informed by the vulnerability-stress-adaptation framework, we utilized an actor-partner interdependence model and dyadic data from a sample of 199 low-income couples who were expecting or had recently given birth to investigate the association of two adaptive processes (couple conflict and coparenting alliance) and two personal resources (instrumental and emotional support) with their relationship quality. Results indicated significant actor effects of men’s and women’s coparenting alliance and men’s instrumental support on their own reports of relationship quality. Additionally, results indicated three significant conjoint actor-partner effects—couple conflict and couple emotional support on women’s relationship quality and couple conflict on men’s relationship quality. These findings contribute to the literature on the transition to parenthood and extend the literature examining dyadic relational processes in families from low-income and economically marginalized backgrounds. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-12T06:01:34Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150984
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Authors:Abigail Weitzman, Katarina Huss, Matthew Blanton, Jeffrey Swindle, Gilbert Brenes Camacho, Arodys Robles Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Family stress theories posit that individual family members are positioned to adapt to external stressors differently and that these differences can strain family systems. Analyzing in-depth interviews with a diverse sample of migrant mothers in Costa Rica, we investigate how families adjust to the stressors of international displacement. Three stages of family stress adjustment emerged from our analysis: (1) parents’ prioritization of safety, (2) parents’ and children’s grappling with new legal, economic, and social circumstances, and (3) parents’ protracted uncertainty in one or more of these realms concomitant with children’s feeling resettled. A fourth stage of (4) convergent parent and child resettling also emerged, but only among select families who enjoyed stable financial or emotional support from extended kin or local institutions in Costa Rica. Parents’ perceptions of their security, and social, economic, and legal circumstances contributed to the progression between stages of stress adjustment. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-12T05:16:09Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231151291
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Authors:Juwen Wang, Chi-Tsun Chiu Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. No study has quantified the association between living arrangements and life expectancy in Taiwan. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating life expectancy among various types of living arrangements in Taiwan. We applied the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging, a longitudinal survey of a nationally representative sample of older adults in Taiwan. We conducted hazard models to estimate the life expectancy of older adults by gender, at age 60, and in 12 different types of living arrangements. Our results have confirmed an association between living arrangements and life expectancy among older Taiwanese. Older adults who live with their parents enjoy a longer life expectancy. In contrast, living with a caregiver or in nursing institutions, and living only with their son/son-in-law have a relatively shorter life expectancy. Living arrangements suggested the allocation of family resources and support, and the demand/need for health care differs across living arrangements. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-12T03:16:04Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231151296
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Authors:José Santiago Álvarez Muñoz, Ma Ángeles Hernández Prados Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Leisure has been acquiring a leading role in families to the point of being represented in different areas of society. In fact, a diversified practice is necessary to obtain maximum benefit. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine which are the types of family leisure activities most exercised. The degree of frequency of 11 types of family leisure activities was measured on a four-point Likert scale. The same consisted of 1054 Compulsory Secondary Education students from the southeast of Spain. Results revealed that gastronomic, digital, and commercial leisure are the most frequently practiced, while solidarity and spiritual leisure are the least practiced by adolescents with their families. In addition, age, academic performance, and parents' level of studies were variables significantly associated with the types of family leisure activities. In this way, there is a need to offer a more diversified model of family leisure activities. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-11T08:23:11Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150995
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Authors:Shelley Clark, Madeleine Henderson, Caroline Kabiru Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This study examines factors underlying single mothers’ stress in an African slum. Using survey data from 1,221 mothers in a Kenyan informal settlement, this study examines 1) whether single mothers experience more stress due to their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics; 2) whether financial and child care support from kin offsets limited support from fathers; and 3) whether variation in the type and source of support explains stress differentials across marital status. The results suggest that lower socioeconomic status does not explain single mothers’ elevated stress. Rather, despite receiving greater assistance with child care and financial support from kin, single mothers receive substantially less support of either kind from the child’s father. These differences in support, particularly financial assistance, account for single mothers’ elevated stress. These findings highlight the comparatively weak social support available for single mothers residing in precarious urban environments and its importance for their psychological well-being. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-10T12:01:51Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150978
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Authors:Jay Fagan Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Low-income Black fathers have been portrayed in the media and in research as uninvolved and disengaged from their children. The current study uses data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing study (N = 2578) to examine adolescents’ reports of relationships and interaction with their biological fathers. The results showed there were no significant differences among Black, Hispanic, non-Hispanic White, and Other fathers for adolescents’ perceptions of closeness or interaction with fathers. After accounting for statistical controls, the association between race/ethnicity and father involvement was not significantly moderated by mother-father residential status. The results substantiate what other researchers have concluded: low-income, nonresident, and coresident Black fathers are no less involved with their children than fathers in other racial/ethnic groups. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-10T11:40:06Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150987
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Authors:Amandine Baude, Sylvie Drapeau, Véronique Lachance, Hans Ivers Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. A latent class growth curve analysis was conducted to model post-separation, paternal involvement trajectories over an 8-year period from the time of separation. Our sample was composed of 245 separated mothers whose data was drawn from a representative survey of Québec children. Four classes of distinct trajectories were identified: shared-time, near-shared-time, moderate-stable, and low-decreasing. The majority of fathers maintained a consistently high level of contact with their children, and the frequency of visits at the time of separation seemed to determine future father–child contact. Several factors predicted contact trajectories, including socioeconomic status, a new partner in the mother’s life, and the quality of the inter-parental relationship. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-10T05:47:24Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X231151297
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Authors:Andrea K. Henderson, Jaclyn S. Wong, Adrianne Dues, Katrina M. Walsemann Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Theories of minority stress contagion suggest that the consequences of racial discrimination may extend beyond the individual to impact close others. We empirically test direct and spillover associations between racialized stress and marital support and strain among mid-life and older Black spouses. We use actor-partner interdependence models to analyze dyadic data from 280 different-sex, married Black couples from the 2014 and 2016 Health and Retirement Study who completed the psychosocial leave-behind module. We find significant actor effects for husbands’ racial discrimination on their own marital support and strain, while wives’ racial discrimination is positively associated with their own marital strain. We find no evidence of partner effects nor significant gender differences in the association between racial discrimination and marital quality. The findings highlight pathways by which racial discrimination affects the marriage quality of Black men and women in mid- to late-life. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-10T05:37:14Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150988
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Authors:Iraj Mokhtarnia, Ali Zadeh Mohammadi, Leili Panaghi, Mona Cheraghi Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. The present study developed the revised version of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Issues Checklist (PACIC) by completing the judgment stage of systemic content validity. In the first study, to examine the necessity and relevance of each item, 40 experts were selected through a purposeful method. After the judgment stage, 92 items were reduced to 47 items and 13 factors. In the second study, to assess the confirmatory factor analysis, adolescent girls and boys aged 12–18 years completed the checklist (N = 1350, mean age 15.4 years, girls 50.1%); also, the Youth Self-Report Scale (YSR), Adolescents' Perceived Family Collective Efficacy Scale (EFCP/A), and the Conflict Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) were applied to assess concurrent validity, and to establish convergent validity, respectively. The obtained results supported the reconstructed model, and the items went well with the specified factors. The study achieved concurrent and convergent validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients between 0.78 and 0.86 showed that this instrument has excellent internal consistency; moreover, PACIC-R has measurement invariance across gender; thus, PACIC-R can be applied to assess the issues of parent-adolescent conflict and the challenges of families as well. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-10T04:19:04Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150993
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Authors:Jia Xu, JingLi Yue, Tingting Zhang, Zhijiang Wang, Le Shi, Lin Lu, Xudong Zhao Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. This cross-sectional survey evaluated well-being and family dynamics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in 1287 (16 + years of age, 68.3% female) Chinese participants. Structural equation modeling was used to test the association of well-being and systemic family dynamics, and related moderating factors. Results indicated some subscales of well-being and systemic family dynamics significantly worsened during the pandemic. A modified model fits well for both data before and during the pandemic in which well-being was significantly associated with systemic family dynamic and by family income. Age also positively related systemic family dynamics. The relationship between family income and well-being and the relationship between systemic family dynamics and well-being were moderated by the pandemic. The results suggest that well-being and systemic family dynamics and their associations are impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Systemic family dynamics could be a potential resource for enhancing well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic by some interventions. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-10T03:38:04Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150985
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Authors:Dahye Kim, Haeil Jung Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. Social attitudes toward marriage and motherhood have shifted away from the traditional norms of universal marriage and childbearing. While the second demographic transition theory stresses the importance of education in bringing ideational changes behind low fertility and low marriage rates, a causal link between college education and attitudinal change has not been studied much. To fill this literature gap, this study demonstrates the enduring impact of college education on women’s family attitudes using South Korea’s policy shock, which offered people the opportunity to attend college in the 1980s. This study finds that college education in the 1980s encouraged women to have non-traditional attitudes toward marriage and motherhood. Women who attended college via the graduation quota program reported that marriage and giving birth at a young age were not necessary more than women without the opportunity. We constructed a composite index of family formulation which showed the same result. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-09T05:54:04Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150982
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Authors:Caitlin Cavanagh, Mary K. Kitzmiller, Marina Henke, Elizabeth Cauffman Abstract: Journal of Family Issues, Ahead of Print. During the COVID-19 pandemic, social inequities have compounded hardships among justice-involved families, who are more likely to be marginalized by systemic disadvantage. Little is known about the experience of the pandemic for justice-involved families, particularly those with an incarcerated family member. We examined the concerns and resource barriers of women in justice-involved families, including the unique challenges faced by those with a currently incarcerated family member. Results revealed bimodal concern for, and impact of the pandemic on, their incarcerated family member; however, economic concerns largely superseded concern for their incarcerated family members. Additional analyses highlighted the financial precarity of families with an incarcerated family member, who reported more housing instability, less access to transportation, greater food insecurity, and more discrimination. These findings highlight the need to support marginalized families during a national crisis; justice-involved families are more likely to face systemic barriers that may be exacerbated by the pandemic. Citation: Journal of Family Issues PubDate: 2023-01-07T01:03:33Z DOI: 10.1177/0192513X221150983
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