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Abstract: Abstract Human rights advocates work towards the inclusion of people of various identities, including people of diverse LGBTQ+ identities, cultural identities, and education. The purpose of this research note is to explore the intersection of lower- and working-class identity with race, gender, and educational attainment in a sample of LGBTQ+ workers in New York. Findings of the pilot study were that LGBTQ+ people from lower- and working-class backgrounds reported differences in risk of reporting heterosexism and likelihood the complaint would be taken seriously. Education and gender were significant factors in the sample. Implications and possible interventions for human rights advocates are provided. PubDate: 2023-03-15
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Abstract: Abstract Strict lockdown measures and the pandemic brought immense risks and misery to those already living on the margins of society before the COVID-19 crisis even hit the world. The present study was conducted with rag-pickers, one of the marginalized groups living in Jaipur city of India. The lives of these marginalized populations became more complicated during the pandemic. Due to movement restrictions during the lockdown, access to primary resources was further reduced — from water and sanitation to food, health, and employment, impacting the care and protection they could provide their young children. Rag-pickers, one of the most marginalized communities that face social stigma, struggled to cope with daily life challenges. Young children in such families suffered alongside their parents when the families could not continue their livelihood and lost all sources of income. This paper aims to deepen the understanding of the impact of COVID-19 on the nurturing care of children below eight years of age living in Jaipur, India, accentuating the human rights violations they face right from birth. Many humanitarian relief measures poured in during the lockdown period distributing free food packets and dry rations to the marginalized families. COVID-19 increased parenting challenges for this community. Protection of these families during the ongoing pandemic as well as future pandemics must become a strategic imperative. The paper enumerates feasible social work responses to the issues rag-pickers and their children confront. PubDate: 2023-03-09
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Abstract: Abstract The natural environment and sustainability play an increasingly important role in social work as a discipline and profession. This is often described as the ecosocial paradigm. Even though the paradigm shares important ethical foundations with human rights–based social work, the connection between both is rarely examined in social work scholarship. This article addresses the gap by asking the following questions: How is the ecosocial paradigm linked to the human rights discourse in social work' What is the environmental dimension of human rights, and what implications does it have for social work' How can a human rights–based social work encompass the environmental dimension' In response, the article argues for the integration of new environmental perspectives into human rights–based social work. First, it shows that social work needs to refocus on collective human rights, such as the right to a healthy environment, recently recognized by the United Nations. Regarding the rights of children and youth, good examples of social work advocacy can already be found. Second, research knowledge and practice within the ecosocial paradigm are valuable resources for human rights–based social work, mainly regarding environmental justice and the principle of sustainability. Ultimately, it is only possible to strive for the realization of human rights, social change, and an inclusive and sustainable future if the natural environment is integrated as a social work concern. PubDate: 2023-01-25
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Abstract: Abstract Transgender and gender-expansive (TGE) individuals face unique barriers concerning family issues relate to marriage, divorce, estate planning, adoption, employment, and identification. As TGE individuals gain recognition under the law and in evolving social policy, issues related to the family are emerging. Social workers have an ethical obligation to become competent in issues related to TGE persons and their families. This paper explored changing policies and laws and the social work response in relation to the NASW Code of Ethics. PubDate: 2023-01-25
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Abstract: Abstract This paper aims to describe the context for the migrant camp in a small municipality, and it discusses the challenge of adopting the easyRights information technology (IT) to make it easier for migrants to exercise their human rights. The easyRights project “Enabling immigrants to easily know and exercise their rights” (https://www.easyrights.eu/) is an ongoing European Horizon 2020 project that addresses the challenge of migrant integration through IT-enabled solutions. This project aims to combine co-creation and intelligent language-oriented technologies to make it easier for migrants to understand and access the services to which they are entitled. The easyRights IT–enabled solutions and toolkits for the implementation of inclusion policies can facilitate the management of the integration of migrants, and improve their autonomy and inclusion. Initial interviews with two stakeholders and one migrant in the city of Kavala (in northern Greece) were conducted. Aspects of the information described in this study are intended to be utilized within the Work Package WP7 of the project, which is with regard to the communication and dissemination plan. We recommend for the easyRights IT tools to be adopted in Kavala, so as to facilitate migrants’ exercise of their human rights, and alleviate the tasks of public administrations and local authorities. Possible solutions to avoid migrant marginalization within Kavala’s municipality include adoption of the easyRights IT solutions and investigation of stakeholders’ and migrants’ use of these technology tools. PubDate: 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00233-0
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Abstract: Abstract The operation of strong Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) within a given country helps make the state democratic: CSOs struggle for justice, the respect of rights, equality, and freedom, and advocating changes against repression. This is especially true for CSOs in African countries lacking democratic practices. However, due to the repressive regulations passed by governing parties, CSOs have not fully played their role in the continent’s democratization process. The number of countries adopting legislationto curtails the potential roles of CSOs in promoting democracy and has increased. ls. The legal system of each country strongly determines the degree of involvement of CSOs in promoting democracy. The challenges CSOs are facing might deviate depending on the nature and content of legislation. Accordingly, this study mainly focused on investigating the challenges of imposing restrictive legislation on CSOs in promoting democracy, taking the lesson from Ethiopia. PubDate: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-021-00198-6
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Abstract: Abstract African-Americans have a greater likelihood to experience psychological distress as compared to other racial populations; however, they are less likely to seek mental health treatment. Their prolonged and cumulative experiences of racism and discrimination create barriers to treatment services, which negatively impact mental health treatment outcomes. Research suggests that there is a need for more culturally competent treatment to strengthen treatment outcomes within African-American communities. Social work field education coins itself as the pedagogy of social work education. It becomes the role of social work field education to prepare new practitioners to address the unique needs of vulnerable populations and begin to bridge the gap in current inequities in mental health treatment. A content analysis was conducted to examine policies, specifically related to outpatient treatment regulations. Policy documents were collected from Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia and surveyed according to appropriateness and effectiveness in providing mental health services to African-Americans. The results showed an emphasis on licensing requirements for treatment facilities and standard treatment practices. There was a deficiency in requirements for training across all three jurisdictions, with little emphasis made for culturally competent training. Recommendations were made to strengthen organizational policies by conceptualizing practices to be more inclusive of race-based issues and trauma-informed care. PubDate: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-021-00205-w
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Abstract: Abstract Anti-immigrant rhetoric and policies in the USA have increased in recent decades. Immigration detention has more than tripled since the 1990s, and recently there has been an increase in women and children being held in immigration detention. The length of detention and treatment immigrant detainees face often violate international human rights laws. In this study, we use Latina/o Critical Race Theory (LatCrit) to examine the impact of immigration detention on Latina/o immigrants. A focus group was conducted in Arizona after the implementation of several anti-immigrant bills, including SB1070, as well as the increase of anti-immigrant rhetoric prior to the 2016 US presidential election. The focus group was conducted in Spanish with 11 adult Latina/o immigrants (females = 7, males = 4). After completing a thematic analysis of the transcribed data, four major themes emerged: (1) abuse of power by ICE officials, Border Patrol, detention center officers, and medical personnel; (2) mistreatment, including humiliation, discrimination, and dehumanization; (3) trauma; and (4) finding strength through their religiosity and children, despite being held in immigration detention. These findings, along with a review of the relevant literature, highlight the harmful impacts of immigration detention on Latina/o immigrants, and suggest the need for immigration reform. PubDate: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00210-7
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Abstract: Abstract Nearly two decades after the intermittent but protracted civil war in Angola, the country is still recovering from some of the long-term adverse effects of this strife. Extensive infrastructural destruction and socio-economic fluidity aggravate these long-term effects, threatening the efficacy and effectiveness of social protection (SP) services. Furthermore, Angola’s paradox stems from its oil-rich status on the one hand and extreme poverty for a large section of its population on the other. A third of the population depends on subsistence agriculture and needs vibrant SP programmes to sustain and supplement their income. It is within such milieus that the inadequacies and deficiencies of social protection systems inadvertently threaten to derail human rights goals. Moreover, global discourse often erroneously disregards the human rights implications and outcomes of social protection. For these reasons, this paper is premised on the argument that the efficacy of rights-based SP programmes is entrenched in effective monitoring and evaluation. The paper acknowledges that the processes of design and successful implementation of both the SP policies and programmes depend on an organisation’s methods of monitoring and evaluation. However, this paper acknowledges that monitoring and evaluation are inadvertently context-specific aspects whose success is embedded in but not limited to socio-political variables at play. For this reason, the article makes use of the Social Relations Framework (SRF) and Human Rights–Based Approach (HRBA) to understand the gendered nature of inequalities bred and perpetuated by a flawed SP system in Angola. This qualitative study uses a systematic review of literature to explore the role of monitoring and evaluation in SP steeped within the human rights realm. It forwards the correlation of a bottom-up and needs-based form of monitoring and evaluation through decentralisation and communities’ participation for the effectiveness of SP programmes. PubDate: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00218-z
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Abstract: Abstract Advocating at the United Nations is a daunting task for many social workers. The United Nations (UN) is so extensive, its system of agencies and relationships is complex and overlaid by politics, and there is no clear entry point for affecting change at the United Nations. However, as more of the social and human rights issues social workers confront in their practices have global roots and international implications, it becomes imperative that social workers seeking justice learn how to shape policies and decisions made at the UN. Advocating for policy changes beyond national boundaries is known as transnational advocacy. This paper guides the reader through the UN structure, and the roles of member states and non-state workers are discussed. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are a common vehicle for social workers to advocate at the UN. This paper introduces readers to the types of status NGOs hold at the UN, how NGOs advocate at the UN, and how social workers are currently represented at the UN. Two case examples of advocacy efforts are shared. One takes place at the High-level Political Forum, and the other involves the intersection of the UN General Assembly’s Third Committee and the Human Rights Council. PubDate: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00216-1
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Abstract: Abstract This paper examined the awareness and compliance with court judgment/constitutional provisions upholding the inheritance rights of Igbo women in Nigeria. The gender inequality theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels guided this study. A mixed-method research design was employed. A sample size of 490 adults was adopted using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire for the collection of quantitative data and 25 traditional rulers using in-depth interviews to elicit qualitative data in the five states of South Eastern Nigeria. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were content analyzed. The study showed that the majority of the respondents were not aware of the court judgment of Ukeje vs Ukeje (2014) in favor of female inheritance rights and constitutional provisions upholding inheritance rights. Compliance with court judgment/Nigerian constitution on female inheritance rights was found to be very low. Strong attachment to cultural practices and beliefs, impinging on female inheritance rights, is still held sacrosanct among the Igbo. There is a need for an increased awareness campaign and imposition of a sanction for non-compliance. Awareness campaigns involving the use of songs, proverbs, dance, and drama, among others, composed in the native language to portray this discriminatory cultural practice and the dangers of its continued existence should be encouraged. Such would be an effective means of enforcing and upholding the inheritance rights of women in South Eastern Nigeria. This study investigated, for the first time, the awareness and compliance with court judgment/constitutional provisions upholding the inheritance rights of women among the Igbo, Nigeria. PubDate: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00219-y
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Abstract: Abstract Structural inequalities, historical oppression, discrimination, social exclusion, power, and privilege are some of the most pressing human rights issues that social workers deal with in everyday practice. In the recent past, all these issues are not only prevalent in offline communities, but they are also active in online communities. The digital divide and online polarizations perpetuate power and privilege within and outside of social work practice. Social work practices are moving beyond boundaries, expanding, and adopting emerging technologies in all aspects of social work education, research, and practice. This paper has been prepared based on my last decade of transnational social work practice experience and fieldwork supervision. There is an emerging need for tech social work practices in all fields of social work. This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities for tech social work in the field and explores a possible model for tech social work practice to support safe and inclusive communities on and offline to promote human rights. PubDate: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-021-00190-0
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Abstract: Abstract The history of the heavy presence of South Sudanese refugees in Northern Uganda dates way back to 1955 when the first group of refugees came to Uganda. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functionality of humanitarian aid principles in addressing the refugee question in the settlements. We adopted a cross-sectional study design and used a mix of quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected using structured questionnaires with 203 household heads and an interview guide with 7 officials from humanitarian aid agencies and Adjumani District Local Government. Results show moderate to low adherence to humanitarian aid principles as observed by principles of humanity (mean = 3.3, SD = 0.67), impartiality (mean = 3.0, SD = 0.52), independence (mean = 2.2, SD = 0.53), and neutrality (mean = 1.6, SD = 0.58). Correlation analysis shows a significant positive relationship between the principles of humanity; impartiality; and neutrality with the conditions for refugee settlement (r = 0.262, p < 0.01; r = 0.452, p < 0.01; r = 0.268, p < 0.01) respectively, but the principle of independence has no statistically significant relationship with the conditions for refugee settlement, the relationship measured at 95% level of confidence. The multivariable test for association shows a significant positive effect between adherence to the principles of impartiality (β = 0.272, p < 0.01), neutrality (β = 0.168, p < 0.01), and level of education with positive perception in the conditions for refugee settlement. While the number of years spent in the refugee settlement has a negative effect on the perceived condition in refugee settlement (β = − 0.061, p < 0.05). Refugees need to have a positive attitude towards the services delivered by the humanitarian aid agencies. Refugees through their leadership should be supported to advocate and demand inclusion in the decision-making process for projects that affect them and to hold the aid agencies accountable in the implementation of the projects in the settlements. PubDate: 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00232-1
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Abstract: Abstract This article is part of a larger study completed on the Northern Triangle of Central America. The study presented here covers the issue of gangs and intersectionality with other factors that perpetuate conditions of human exploitation, touches on possible intervention strategies, and finally criticizes the continued use of iron-fisted policies over social interventions. I use a meta-analysis approach combined with document analysis to argue that mano dura is on the horizon for Guatemala once again, as political rhetoric and congressional, judicial, and executive power interplay to answer the call to “do something” with the tried and failed heavy-handed policies of the past and of Guatemala’s neighbors. In this article, I delve into the current political maelstrom surrounding the issues of gang power, recruitment, and proliferation and how Guatemala seeks to combat this crisis, ignoring alternatives which have been tried as a means of deterring gang activities and reducing gang-related violence, deferring to mano dura policies instead. Studies support that mano dura is an ineffective and counter-productive anti-gang strategy, but indicators are pointing toward a resurgence of this brand of counter-violence as President Giammattei calls for an attack on gangs “with all the weight and rigor that the law will allow.” The consequences of such an approach will have profound implications for policymakers, social workers, human rights advocates, law enforcement and legal advocates, and other stakeholders. PubDate: 2022-11-05 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00231-2
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Abstract: Abstract This research examined all social work programs in the USA to determine if free-standing human sexuality courses were required or offered. Human sexuality is both a human right and an integral part of our individual and collective identity and well-being. Human sexuality covers a wide range of content areas, defining our species and how we inhabit the world across generations and lifespans. Beginning in the 1990s, the focus on human sexuality in social work education diminished but seems to be experiencing a resurgence in interest. Using web addresses listed on the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) website, the websites of all accredited social work programs were reviewed, with focus on study plans and course descriptions. Out of 497 BSW programs and 295 MSW programs, three undergraduate social work programs and no master’s social work programs required a free-standing course in human sexuality. However, 34 BSW programs and 23 MSW programs offer a free-standing course in human sexuality as an elective social work course. PubDate: 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00230-3
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Abstract: Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic caused dilemmas for the most vulnerable populations around the world. This article describes the gendered effects of the pandemic on Ugandan women’s rights and wellbeing and provides suggestions for local and international practice. Mandatory lockdowns and movement restrictions created negative implications for women’s attainment of economic, social, cultural, political and civil rights and intensified pre-existing gender inequalities between women and men. The findings of intensified gender inequities, gender-based violence, sexual abuse, scanty access to reproductive health services and social justice, and barriers to participation in education, employment and politics indicate that response measures were not aligned with the government’s legal and policy framework for addressing gender inequities. This research indicates that governments, civil society organisations and the international community must undertake proper gender analysis in designing response measures and guidelines not only for COVID-19 but also in other emergencies. All response measures during emergencies must be coordinated, monitored and evaluated to ensure efficient and effective protection of the vulnerable and conformity to human rights standards. PubDate: 2022-10-26 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00229-w
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Abstract: Abstract During the Trump Administration, the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Directive (11032.3) revoked the automatic release of pregnant women detained by ICE. This paper presents a policy analysis of the impact of this directive on pregnant Latina migrants. The directive is contextualized as part of the Trump Administration’s “zero-tolerance” immigration policy that directed U.S. attorney’s offices along the southwest border in April of 2018 to criminally prosecute all cases involving illegal entry with no exceptions. Under this policy, Latin American migrants seeking asylum in the USA faced criminalization, family separation, and detention. Reproductive justice (R.J.) is the guiding conceptual framework for analyzing this policy's impact. Three case studies demonstrate the reproductive and human rights violations impacting pregnant, migrant Latinas seeking to enter the U.S. under “zero-tolerance.” This policy did not deter migration from Central and South America and created avoidable harm. Although “zero-tolerance” was rescinded in 2021, the long-term impacts remain unknown. Implications and recommendations for social work practice, policy advocacy, and social work education are provided. PubDate: 2022-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00227-y
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Abstract: Abstract Offender reintegration programmes have become a mainstay of the criminal justice system, globally. They are embraced as a proactive way to reduce crime and re-offending. This paper explores ex-offenders’ views on offender reintegration programmes in which they participated in Johannesburg, South Africa. Based on a qualitative study in which data was gathered using in-depth interviews and thematically analysed, this current paper discusses ex-offenders’ views on how they experienced reintegration programmes. The findings of the study clearly show that there are inherent systemic weaknesses and loopholes in the design of reintegration programmes, which compromises the realization and enjoyment of basic human rights of ex-offenders. PubDate: 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00222-3
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Abstract: Abstract Access to justice is a fundamental human right that often requires access to information. For justice to be served, access to information must be guaranteed as a right. The Public Defender’s Office of the State of São Paulo (DPESP) establishes the authority responsible for promoting access to justice for the weakest citizens in the state of São Paulo. This study analyzed DPSEP legal cases in the Ribeirão Preto region from 2013 to July 2016 involving the right to health and interviews in 2016 with users of the institution regarding their access to justice and the right to health. Documentary analysis supplemented the analysis of the lawsuits seeking health care and medication and the content analysis of the interviews. The results show that the Public Defender’s Office promotes assistance to the most needed in the context of lawsuits for receiving health care and medicines and protecting the right to health, even if users are not yet fully aware of rights and access to justice. In addition, the results demonstrated a relationship of trust in the contact between users and the Public Defender’s Office. PubDate: 2022-08-25 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-022-00225-0
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