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- Revisiting Durkheim: Social Integration and Suicide Clusters in U.S.
Counties, 2006–2019-
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Authors: Jessica Brantez, Jason N. Houle Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Research dating back to Durkheim’s Suicide has linked high suicide rates to low social integration. Less research has examined community vulnerability to suicide clusters—characterized by an unusually high number of suicides in a time and place. In this study, we draw from recent qualitative research to hypothesize that social integration is positively associated with the emergence of suicide clusters, in contrast to the classic Durkheimian hypothesis. To test this hypothesis, we examine the association between three measures of social integration (divorce, Catholic adherence, and residential stability) and a novel measure of suicide clusters in 469 U.S. counties from 2006 to 2019 using data from the American Community Survey (ACS), Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and Religious Congregations and Membership Study (RCMS). We find that while social integration is negatively associated with suicide rates, social integration is positively associated with the emergence of suicide clusters. These findings shed light on the dual nature of social integration as both potentially protective and harmful for suicide. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-09-20T10:04:50Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231195940
- Prolonged Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Depressive Symptoms
Among Korean Married Couples: The Intersection of Gender and Education-
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Authors: Kyungeun Song, Jinho Kim Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. This study investigates whether there is a longitudinal association between prolonged exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and depressive symptoms and whether this association differs depending on the intersection of gender and education. Using data collected from 3,285 individuals aged 30 to 49 across 12 waves of the Korean Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) between 2009 and 2020, gender-by-education-stratified fixed-effects models were estimated. IPV victims continued to experience increased depressive symptoms for four or more consecutive years of exposure. However, gender-specific patterns were observed. Persistently victimized women continued to experience increased depressive symptoms for four or more years, whereas the levels of depressive symptoms among men with prolonged IPV exposure increased only until the second year of exposure. Gender-by-education stratified analyses suggested that low-educated women are the most vulnerable to prolonged IPV victimization. Only low-educated women experienced an increase in depressive symptoms for four or more consecutive years. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-07-29T12:30:04Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231185853
- The Moderating Effect of Values on the Relationship between Subjective
Social Status and Depression: Evidence from MIDUS-
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Authors: Emily A. Ekl, Benjamin Gallati Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. The relationship between subjective social status (SSS) and mental health and its underlying mechanisms remain an area of interest in the social sciences. Using data from the Midlife in the United States 2 (MIDUS 2), we examine how individual differences in valuing achievement and autonomy moderate the relationship between SSS and symptoms of depression. We find evidence of a moderation effect; there is a weaker relationship between SSS and depression for individuals who strongly hold the values of achievement or autonomy. In addition, at low levels of SSS, there are significant differences in the number of depression symptoms depending on personal values which are not seen at higher rungs of the SSS ladder, indicating a difference in this relationship dependent on how strongly one holds values of achievement and autonomy. We conclude by speculating on the mechanisms by which values shape the link between SSS and mental well-being and suggest future directions in studying values. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-07-27T11:56:26Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231184282
- Work Stressors and the Buffering Functions of the Sense of Control in the
United States and Japan: A Test of the Diminished Buffering Hypothesis-
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Authors: Atsushi Narisada Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. In the Stress Process Model, the sense of control is situated as a central psychosocial resource that buffers the effect of stressors on psychological distress. Although studies support this proposition, scholars have called for more research on whether buffering effects generalize across social contexts and groups. I address this call by examining cross-cultural differences in the sense of control’s buffering effects. Prior studies suggest that perceived control is a less important resource for well-being among individuals in collectivistic cultures compared with those in individualistic cultures. This has stimulated the diminished buffering hypothesis, which predicts weaker stress-buffering of perceived control among those in collectivistic cultures. This study tests this hypothesis using population-based data of Americans and Japanese, two groups that have been deemed quintessentially individualistic and collectivistic, respectively. Results show that across a set of five prominent work stressors, there are no differences in the stress-buffering functions of the sense of control between Americans and Japanese. These patterns pose questions about the view that sense of control is a less important resource for those in collectivistic cultures. As a stress-buffering resource, the sense of control appears to be just as important for Japanese as it is for Americans. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-05-15T09:03:07Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231161108
- Debt, Credit Payment Holidays, and their Relationship with Mental Health
during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom-
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Authors: Matthew Sparkes, Senhu Wang, Jacques Wels Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Although the relationship between debt and mental health is well documented, little is known about how changes in debt status and the specific policies implemented to assist borrowers during the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted the mental health of men and women. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of a non-neoliberal “credit payment holiday” scheme during the pandemic in the United Kingdom. Data come from three waves of the Understanding Society COVID-19 surveys. We use panel data models to assess the relationship between change in the presence of unsecured debt, credit payment holiday, and psychological distress (12-item General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-12] Likert score), controlling for confounders. The presence of debt is associated with significantly higher psychological distress, and the pattern is particularly pronounced for women than for men. Among the indebted population, the results show that credit payment holiday can significantly buffer the negative mental health effect of debt. While the buffering effect is larger for women, it is not significantly different across genders. The relationship between debt and mental health remains significant throughout the pandemic, but the credit payment holiday scheme has played a significant role in attenuating it and could be implemented as a policy tool outside the pandemic context. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-05-13T11:50:35Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231169783
- Managing a Household during a Pandemic: Cognitive Labor and Parents’
Psychological Well-being-
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Authors: Richard J. Petts, Daniel L. Carlson Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Rising domestic burdens for mothers fueled concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated gender inequalities in well-being. Yet, survey research has not considered whether and how cognitive labor—planning, organizing, and monitoring family needs—contributed to gendered health disparities during the pandemic. Using data from the Study on U.S. Parents’ Divisions of Labor during COVID-19 (SPDLC) and a stress process perspective, we examine the association between cognitive labor and parents’ psychological well-being, and whether this association (1) differs between mothers and fathers and (2) is moderated by employment status and telecommuting. Mothers performed more cognitive labor during the pandemic than fathers, and cognitive labor was negatively associated with mothers’ psychological well-being—particularly for mothers who never or exclusively telecommuted. Mothers’ psychological well-being was higher when fathers did more cognitive labor, especially among mothers who worked outside the home. Overall, cognitive labor appears to be another stressor that contributed to increased gender inequality. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-05-11T11:03:57Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231169521
- Working Only for the Weekend' How Workplace Social Connections Impact
Workers’ Sense of Mattering and Mental Health-
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Authors: Rebecca Bonhag, Laura Upenieks Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. The growing field of mattering has established that a sense that we matter is crucial to well-being and that it is informed by interactions with close others. However, few studies investigate how mattering may be shaped by our work relationships. Since many adults spend much of their time performing paid work, addressing this research gap may provide insights for enhancing employee well-being. This study uses data from the 2021 Baylor Religion Survey, collected during the early months of 2021, and a sample of employed U.S. adults (n = 564) to test how a worker’s perceived respect from their employer and their closeness to coworkers relate to their general sense of mattering, as well as whether mattering may act as a mediator between work relationships and psychological distress (assessed as symptoms of depression and anxiety). Results indicate that feeling highly respected by one’s employer and one’s perceived closeness to coworkers are positively linked with mattering among workers. Additional analyses also imply that mattering mediates a portion of the relationship between workplace relations and psychological distress. In total, this study suggests that further research into work relationships and mattering is warranted, especially since both factors seem tied to workers’ mental health. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-05-11T10:57:17Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231165786
- “We’re Not Gonna Talk about This, It Didn’t Happen. You’re
Confused”: Adverse Communication in Family Responses to Mental Health, Childhood Sexual Assault, and LGBTQ Identities-
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Authors: Armin A. Dorri, Amy L. Stone, Brooke Izzy Heffington, Pekkam Jenny Njowo, Guadalupe Rivera, Phillip W. Schnarrs, Robert Salcido Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people disproportionately report high exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). In this study, we examine the ways that LGBTQ people with high ACEs also describe experiencing adverse communication with family systems about mental health, childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and their gender identity. From interviews with a racially diverse sample of 82 LGBTQ people in South Texas, we analyze how this adverse communication—including gaslighting, silence, denial and ignoring—is attentive to courtesy stigma dynamics. This adverse communication impacts transgender people, cisgender LGBTQ people, and Black or Latinx LGBTQ people differently; for example, Black and Latinx LGBTQ people discussed adverse communication about mental health and therapy within their families that prioritized the respectability of the family. These findings provide insight into family dynamics and communication practices in the lives of LGBTQ people, particularly at the intersections of multiple marginalized identities. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-05-09T10:31:05Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231170901
- Cumulative Pandemic Stressors, Psychosocial Resources, and Psychological
Distress: Toward a More Comprehensive Test of a Pandemic Stress Process-
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Authors: Patricia Louie, Laura Upenieks, Terrence D. Hill Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Although the mental health consequences of individual COVID-19 stressors (e.g., bereavement, job loss, or financial strain) have been well-documented, little is known about the cumulative toll of multiple pandemic stressors. Using national data from the Crime, Health, and Politics Survey (May–June 2021), we test whether the accumulation of pandemic stressors is associated with greater psychological distress. We also consider whether this association is moderated by psychosocial resources (i.e., mastery, self-esteem, and social support). Our findings suggest that individuals who report three or more pandemic stressors tend to exhibit greater psychological distress than those who report fewer pandemic stressors or no pandemic stressors. While mastery offsets the impact of pandemic stressors at higher levels of stress exposure (i.e., two or more COVID-19 stressors), social support and self-esteem played a stress-buffering role to a point, but became ineffective at the highest levels of pandemic stress. The current study provides new insights into the pandemic stress process by conceptualizing and operationalizing the cumulative impact of COVID-19 stressors. We also confirm the continued significance of traditional coping resources in the context of novel pandemic stressors. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-05-02T09:22:32Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231165260
- Working Around the Clock: The Association between Shift Work, Sleep
Health, and Depressive Symptoms among Midlife Adults-
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Authors: Cleothia Frazier Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Shift work is an integral part of living in a 24-hour society. However, shift work can disrupt circadian rhythms, negatively impacting health. Guided by the Stress Process Model (SPM), this study examines the association between shift work and depressive symptoms and investigates whether sleep health (duration, quality, and latency) mediates this relationship among midlife adults. Utilizing data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort (N = 6,372), findings show that working evening, night, and irregular shifts is associated with increased depressive symptoms. The results also show that part of the association between shift work and depressive symptoms among night and irregular shift workers, is indirect, operating through short sleep during the week and on the weekend. Although shift work can negatively affect mental health, getting more restorative sleep may mitigate part of the harmful mental health consequences of non-standard work schedules. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-03-18T10:31:08Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231156452
- Treatment’s Role in Clinical and Perceived Recoveries from Mental
Illness-
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Authors: Peggy A. Thoits Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. How mental health treatment relates to clinical and perceived recoveries is examined with the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data, drawing from treatment-seeking and labeling theories. Clinical recovery and perceived recoveries were assessed among adult respondents who had a lifetime major depressive episode and reported ever having a mental health problem (N = 5,628). The “probably well” (with no current care need nor treatment involvement), individuals with unmet treatment needs, voluntary patients, and involuntary patients were contrasted. Compared with the high recovery rates of the “probably well,” individuals with unmet care needs had low clinical and perceived recoveries, and voluntary patients had low clinical but high perceived recoveries, supporting treatment-seeking predictions. With current distress symptoms controlled, involuntary patients’ perceived recovery rates were identical to “probably well” and voluntary patients,’ counter to labeling predictions. Because recovery perceptions may encourage (or weaken) treatment continuation, they warrant further research. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-11-11T11:23:10Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221131912
- The Early 2020 COVID-19 Outbreak in China and Subsequent Flourishing:
Medium-Term Effects and Intervening Mechanisms-
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Authors: Yue Qian, Wen Fan Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. In early 2020, a COVID-19 outbreak occurred in Hubei Province of China. Exploiting the geographic concentration of China’s COVID-19 cases in Hubei (the initial epicenter), we compare Hubei and non-Hubei residents to examine the medium-term effect of exposure to the COVID-19 outbreak on mental well-being. We examine flourishing—a comprehensive assessment of well-being that is not merely the absence of mental illness—and investigate a broad set of psychosocial and economic mediators that may link initial outbreak exposure to subsequent flourishing. We use ordinary least squares regression models to analyze national panel data collected in early 2020 and late 2021 (N = 3,169). Results show that flourishing scores remain lower for Hubei than non-Hubei residents almost two years following the early 2020 COVID-19 outbreak. Mediation analysis reveals that Hubei residents’ lower incidences of job promotion and lower sense of control are the two most important mediators accounting for their lower flourishing relative to non-Hubei residents. Combined, this study provides the first evidence of the medium-term psychological vulnerability borne by individuals who lived in the initial epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings on the intervening mechanisms shed light on the policy initiatives needed for post-pandemic mental well-being recovery in China and other countries. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-11-02T04:26:21Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221131819
- Market Transition, Occupational Status, and Depression in Urban China: A
Population-based Multilevel Analysis-
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Authors: Yanhui Xu, Dongpeng Lai, Qingsong Chang Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. This study investigated the effects of ecological-level marketization, individual-level occupational status, and their interaction, on depression in residents in urban China. Population-based data (N = 13,004) from the 2016 China Family Panel Survey were used. A multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model explored whether and to what extent market transition measured by the marketization index (MI), occupational status measured by international socio-economic index (ISEI), and their interaction, affected people’s depression. Results showed that higher MI (b = –.157, p < .001) and ISEI scores (b = –.124, p < .001) were associated with lower levels of depression. However, residents with high occupational status might suffer a uniquely elevated level of depression when living in highly marketized cities (b = .139, p < .05). Raising the public mental health awareness of residents with low occupational status from low marketized areas and that of residents with high occupational status from high marketized areas is warranted in societies undergoing rapid marketization, such as China. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-09-13T06:29:12Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221122864
- Welcome to the Dark Side: The Role of Religious/Spiritual Struggles in the
Black-White Mental Health Paradox-
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Authors: Laura Upenieks, Patricia Louie, Terrence D. Hill Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Over the past two decades, researchers have worked to make sense of the fact that black Americans tend to exhibit similar or better mental health profiles relative to their white counterparts. In this study, we extend previous research by proposing and testing a new potential explanation of the black-white mental health paradox: the dark side of religion or religious/spiritual (R/S) struggles. We also consider whether the association between R/S struggles and mental health is moderated by race. Our mediation analysis of data collected from a 2021 nationally representative sample of American adults (n = 1,381) indicates that black respondents tend to exhibit lower levels of non-specific psychological distress than white respondents partly because black respondents also tend to report lower levels of R/S struggles. Our moderation analysis demonstrates that the positive association between R/S struggles and psychological distress is more pronounced for white respondents than for black respondents. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-09-01T11:26:36Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221119786
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