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Authors:Brandon Andrew Robinson, Fei Mu, Javania Michelle Webb, Amy L. Stone Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) youth experience disproportionate mental health challenges due to minority stress. Little research, however, has considered how social support from intragenerational friends impacts the mental health of LGBTQ youth, particularly for LGBTQ youth of color. Based mainly on qualitative interviews from a longitudinal study with 83 LGBTQ youth from California and Texas, we develop the concept of intersectional social support—how multiply marginalized individuals subjectively interpret social support and how they view social support from similar multiply marginalized others. More specifically, the findings of this study capture how the intersecting identities of age, sexuality, gender, and race can shape the meanings and experiences of receiving familial support, emotional support, informational support, and instrumental support. This study is an important contribution to understanding how intersecting identities influence how people perceive social support practices and manage their mental health. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-07-27T11:58:49Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693241266960
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Authors:Mary Gallagher Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Research finds that discrepancies between individuals’ self-views and their perceptions of how others view them decrease psychological well-being. According to identity theory, certain characteristics of identities may exacerbate the impact of discrepancy on well-being, while stress process theory suggests they may have the opposite, weakening effect. Using telephone survey data from a national probability sample of adults, I investigate whether several identity characteristics—subjective importance of an identity (prominence), extensiveness (interactional commitment) and intensiveness of ties (affective commitment) to others that are based on an identity, and the potential costs of failing to fulfill the role obligations of an identity (role-based commitment)—moderate associations between discrepancy and well-being (depressive symptoms and self-esteem) in two types of identities (obligatory and voluntary). I find that identity commitment buffers the effects of discrepancy in obligatory identities and exacerbates the effects of discrepancy in voluntary identities. Implications of these findings are discussed. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-06-24T08:58:53Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693241258825
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Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-05-20T10:28:24Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693241255227
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Authors:Heeyoung Lee, Seong-Jo Jeong Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Previous studies on the coming out and the mental health of sexual minorities have often overlooked experiences in non-Western societies and the various patterns of coming out within the immediate families. Using the most recent and comprehensive data on 2,381 LGB youths in South Korea, this study examined whether different patterns of coming out to family members are related to different levels of depression and whether these relationships differ between men (gay and bisexual man) and women (lesbian and bisexual woman). Contrary to the prevalent view of coming out as a universally liberating process, our findings indicate that coming out to family is related to increased depressive symptoms in South Korea. Moreover, this coming out stress shows a gendered pattern. Among sexual minority men, compared with those who did not come out, youths who came out to everyone, mother and father, and only siblings report a higher depression level. Being bisexual among men did not provide any protective effect. In contrast, there is no difference observed across coming out patterns among sexual minority women. These findings highlight the importance of considering to whom and in what cultural contexts one comes out to understand the mental health of sexual minorities. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-04-18T11:31:15Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693241242400
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Authors:Martha Morales Hernandez, Josefina Flores Morales, Laura E. Enriquez Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Research has established that legal vulnerability has detrimental consequences for the mental health of undocumented individuals. The purpose of our study is to consider how practicing agency is associated with mental health in the face of such structural marginalization. To meet this goal, we conceptualize actions taken to resist structural inequality as acts of resistance to center immigrants’ agency in navigating and contesting their marginalization. Drawing on survey data with California undocumented college students, we examine to what extent engaging in three acts of resistance is associated with depression and anxiety symptomatology. We find that students with higher rates of political engagement and critical consciousness raising report higher depression and anxiety symptomatology. Findings suggest that structural approaches to studying mental health must also consider immigrants’ agency and efforts to navigate, respond to, and challenge their marginalization. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-04-13T09:25:54Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693241241296
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Authors:Jinho Kim, Gum-Ryeong Park Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. This study examines the longitudinal association between cumulative exposure to social isolation and life satisfaction and whether this association differs by gender. Using seven waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging from 2006 to 2018 (3,543 adults aged 65 or older), fixed effects models were estimated. Cumulative social isolation was longitudinally associated with a decline in life satisfaction in older adults. Gender-specific analyses revealed that older women exposed to cumulative social isolation continued to experience a decline in life satisfaction up to the fourth and subsequent waves of exposure (relative to the initial wave in which there was no social isolation; b = −13.038, p < .001). In contrast, a decline in life satisfaction associated with cumulative social isolation was less pronounced among older men (b = −6.200 for the fourth and subsequent waves of exposure, p < .05). Cumulative social isolation can be a persistent risk factor for life satisfaction in older adults, particularly older women. The study’s findings hold important implications for programs aimed at reducing social isolation and improving psychological well-being among older adults. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-03-05T12:23:32Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693241232410
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Authors:Shuangshuang Liu, Katrijn Delaruelle, Piet Bracke Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Building on the stress process model and adopting an intersectionality framework, this study highlights the formation of a stronger intergenerational family symbiosis system in China. It offers a systematic understanding of the association between multigenerational caregiving and sandwich women’s stress, extending prior research by exploring the mitigating effect of husbands. Drawing upon China Health and Nutrition Survey data, findings indicate that sandwich women experience less stress than non-sandwich women. Particularly among sandwich women, upward care has a stress-reducing impact, while downward care has a stress-enhancing impact compared with carefree sandwich women. Providing active dual care has no significant effect, but when active help shifts to passive need, sandwich women’s stress reaches a peak. Husbands living at home could not buffer wives’ stress. These analyses depict the vulnerability of Chinese sandwich women under the revival of patriarchy and the imbalanced population structure and warrant a sounder public care system. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-03-05T12:16:16Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231223886
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Authors:Sylvia Fuller, Manlin Cai, Donna Lero Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. The COVID-19 pandemic generated mental health stressors for parents as they faced new health risks and navigated disruptions to employment, schooling, and care arrangements. Drawing on 2021 survey data from Canadian parents of children 10 years old and younger, we describe the relationship between work/care pandemic stressors and mental health, and employ Kitagawa-Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions to examine how these contribute to mental health gaps by gender and its intersection with having household members perceived to be at high risk in relation to COVID-19. We find that mothers’ mental health was more negatively affected than fathers’. Differences in exposure to work/care stressors help explain this gap, with the “mental load,” perceptions of inequity in how households responded to pandemic care demands, and greater reported deterioration in work-family balance and career prospects particularly salient. Mothers, but not fathers, with high-risk household members were also more exposed to key work/care stressors, contributing to the worst pandemic mental health for this group. While the relationship between stressors and mental health was similar for mothers and fathers overall, high-risk status moderated this relationship, with employment or care disruptions that reduced COVID-19 exposure less likely to be associated with poorer mental health for parents in high-risk families. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-02-15T06:53:48Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231223549
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Authors:Rachel Donnelly, Adam K. Schoenbachler Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Emerging research documents concerning mental health outcomes among essential workers at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, mental health outcomes may have varied across states in the United States, as state-level policies differed. Questions also remain about the mental health of workers during the second year of the pandemic. Using nationally representative data from the U.S. Household Pulse Survey (April–July 2021), we documented the mental health of essential workers and tested whether state-level policies (e.g., mask mandates) reduced mental health disparities for essential workers. Results show that food and beverage essential workers experienced heightened anxiety and depression relative to nonessential workers. Moreover, for food and beverage workers, disparities in mental health were smaller in states with mask mandates, expanded paid leave, and higher minimum wage compared to states without these policies. The present study points to the potential for state-level policies to protect the mental health of essential workers. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-02-10T11:48:20Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693241226979
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Authors:Yezhen Li, Alyssa W. Goldman Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Recent scholarship suggests that personal tie instability, that is, the dissolution of old ties and the formation of new ties, may lead to psychological distress. However, this association remains understudied among the immigrant population, for whom acculturation may present unique challenges to both personal tie stability and psychological well-being. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we investigate the mental health implications of instability in immigrant adolescents’ same-sex best friends, and how it explains the association between acculturation and depressive symptoms. We find that friendship instability was associated with higher depressive symptoms only among immigrant adolescents with a low level of acculturation. For more acculturated adolescents, replacing their original friendship with an interracial friend predicted lower depressive symptoms. These findings imply that friendship instability constitutes a dimension of acculturative stress, with detrimental effects unique to immigrant adolescents in the early stages of acculturation. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-02-01T11:55:50Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231221513
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Authors:Sarah R. Meyer, Alli Gillespie, Ilana Seff, Cyril Bennouna, Najat Qushua, Iulia Tothezan, Baffour Boaten Boahen-Boaten, Carine Allaf, Lindsay Stark Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Adolescent refugees from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region face significant acculturation challenges and stressors in the United States. This qualitative study draws upon the integrated motivational-volitional model to understand MENA-background adolescents’ psychosocial wellbeing and suicide risk in three U.S. cities. Local service providers served as key informants (n = 27), sharing in-depth reflections on supporting newcomer students in education, mental health, and refugee services. Analysis also includes focus group discussions with MENA-background adolescents (n = 11) who participated in a photovoice activity. Four key themes emerged: (1) acculturation stressors; (2) influence of family contexts; (3) community belonging, expectations, and support; and (4) school belonging. Service providers and students described adolescents’ challenges in navigating dual identities, conflicting expectations, and strong cultural norms surrounding gender and mental health. Implementation and evaluation of interventions to address both systemic and identity-based acculturative challenges are central to improving mental health and reducing suicide risk among this population. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-01-12T12:47:23Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231218264
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Authors:Shirin Montazer, Laura Pineault, Krista M. Brumley, Katheryn Maguire, Boris Baltes Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. This study examines whether (and why) the accumulation of perceived work-related demands associated with social change in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic relates to psychological distress among a sample of employed adults in dual-earning relationships living in the United States. Using data from a cross-sectional online survey (N = 418) administered during the early months of the pandemic, multivariate results indicate a positive association between demands of social change and distress, net of other factors. This association is due to an increase in work-to-family conflict and a decrease in mastery, and it does not vary by the gender or parental status of the respondent. According to the findings, part of the COVID-19 pandemic’s negative impact on the distress of the employed occurred through its translation into more negative proximal opportunity structures in the context of work, where it confronted individuals with different demands, comprising new uncertainties and new expectations. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2024-01-12T07:05:46Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231218256
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Authors:Jessica Brantez, Jason N. Houle Pages: 91 - 112 Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Volume 14, Issue 2, Page 91-112, July 2024. Research dating back to Durkheim’s Suicide has linked high suicide rates to low social integration. Less research has examined community vulnerability to suicide clusters—characterized by an unusually high number of suicides in a time and place. In this study, we draw from recent qualitative research to hypothesize that social integration is positively associated with the emergence of suicide clusters, in contrast to the classic Durkheimian hypothesis. To test this hypothesis, we examine the association between three measures of social integration (divorce, Catholic adherence, and residential stability) and a novel measure of suicide clusters in 469 U.S. counties from 2006 to 2019 using data from the American Community Survey (ACS), Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and Religious Congregations and Membership Study (RCMS). We find that while social integration is negatively associated with suicide rates, social integration is positively associated with the emergence of suicide clusters. These findings shed light on the dual nature of social integration as both potentially protective and harmful for suicide. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-09-20T10:04:50Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231195940 Issue No:Vol. 14, No. 2 (2023)
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Authors:Kyungeun Song, Jinho Kim Pages: 129 - 144 Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Volume 14, Issue 2, Page 129-144, July 2024. This study investigates whether there is a longitudinal association between prolonged exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and depressive symptoms and whether this association differs depending on the intersection of gender and education. Using data collected from 3,285 individuals aged 30 to 49 across 12 waves of the Korean Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) between 2009 and 2020, gender-by-education-stratified fixed-effects models were estimated. IPV victims continued to experience increased depressive symptoms for four or more consecutive years of exposure. However, gender-specific patterns were observed. Persistently victimized women continued to experience increased depressive symptoms for four or more years, whereas the levels of depressive symptoms among men with prolonged IPV exposure increased only until the second year of exposure. Gender-by-education stratified analyses suggested that low-educated women are the most vulnerable to prolonged IPV victimization. Only low-educated women experienced an increase in depressive symptoms for four or more consecutive years. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-07-29T12:30:04Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231185853 Issue No:Vol. 14, No. 2 (2023)
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Authors:Emily A. Ekl, Benjamin Gallati Pages: 145 - 163 Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Volume 14, Issue 2, Page 145-163, July 2024. The relationship between subjective social status (SSS) and mental health and its underlying mechanisms remain an area of interest in the social sciences. Using data from the Midlife in the United States 2 (MIDUS 2), we examine how individual differences in valuing achievement and autonomy moderate the relationship between SSS and symptoms of depression. We find evidence of a moderation effect; there is a weaker relationship between SSS and depression for individuals who strongly hold the values of achievement or autonomy. In addition, at low levels of SSS, there are significant differences in the number of depression symptoms depending on personal values which are not seen at higher rungs of the SSS ladder, indicating a difference in this relationship dependent on how strongly one holds values of achievement and autonomy. We conclude by speculating on the mechanisms by which values shape the link between SSS and mental well-being and suggest future directions in studying values. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-07-27T11:56:26Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231184282 Issue No:Vol. 14, No. 2 (2023)
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Authors:Carlyn Graham, Gabriele Ciciurkaite Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Literature indicates that subjective social status (SSS) is a robust predictor of health outcomes net of objective social status (OSS). However, research that has considered gender in the relationship between SSS and health is limited. Using 2016–2018 data from the Wave V biomarker sample of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we investigate the relationship between SSS and two health outcomes—allostatic load and depressive symptoms—and the moderating role of gender in these relationships among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (ages 33–44 years) (n = 5,269). We find that SSS is inversely associated with both allostatic load and depressive symptoms, net of OSS. Moreover, we find that gender significantly moderates the SSS-allostatic load relationship but not the SSS-depressive symptoms relationship. Specifically, SSS has a greater impact on allostatic load among women than men. Future research should explore the underlying psychosocial mechanisms that contribute to these gender differences. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-12-09T05:56:26Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231213094
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Authors:Jan E. Stets, Emily Angelo, Benjamin C. Fields, Peter J. Burke Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. COVID-19 marked a change in social life that disrupted interaction, including people’s ability to verify their identities. We examine how identity nonverification associated with COVID-19 exposure helps us understand some of the psychological distress individuals experienced. We assess the relationship between identity nonverification and depression and anxiety, controlling for respondents’ prior depression and anxiety and prior nonverification (both retrospectively obtained), their background characteristics, COVID-19 exposure, and coping strategies during the pandemic. We analyzed a U.S. sample of 620 respondents one year into the pandemic. Respondents indicated the identity they felt was most negatively affected by the pandemic. We studied the four most frequently mentioned identities (friend, romantic, family, and worker identities) across respondents and across four racial/ethnic groups (Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians). We found that exposure to COVID-19 was positively associated with (1) identity nonverification based on self-appraisals, (2) the coping strategy of disengagement, and (3) depression and anxiety. Unexpectedly, COVID-19 was negatively associated with identity nonverification based on reflected appraisals. In turn, identity nonverification based on self- and reflected appraisals was positively related to depression and anxiety, as was the disengagement coping strategy. There was little variation in the results across the four identities or the racial/ethnic groups. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-11-30T10:14:19Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231213089
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Authors:Seth Abrutyn Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Since Kai Erikson’s landmark study of the devastation of five communities in West Virginia, sociology has leveraged the concept of trauma to describe certain social phenomena. Collective trauma came to refer to the destruction of social infrastructure and the ensuing negative mental health outcomes, while cultural trauma has come to describe the imposition of historical and ongoing attacks by a dominant group on the culture (broadly defined) of a group of people sharing a collective identity. The following article sketches out a theory of social trauma designed to bring these two types of sociological trauma together, highlight their similarities and differences, and unite them by grounding them in the neuroscience of (social) pain. The term trauma, borrowed from medical and psychological study, implies pain, but the sociological version of trauma is best understood as the collectivization and enculturation of social pain, or the evolved negative affective response to separation, rejection, exclusion, and isolation from cherished social objects including statuses. The article concludes by modeling the process by which an event transforms individual social pain into collective social trauma as well as the pathways through which social trauma becomes enculturated in a collective identity. Implications for the sociology of mental health follow. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-11-30T10:09:00Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231213088
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Authors:Zhonghao Wang Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Numerous studies have explored the links between expectations and the mental health of young people. However, they mainly focus on personal expectations and rarely consider the expectations of connected others. Using data from Waves I and II of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this study fills this gap by investigating how ego-friends differences in educational expectations are associated with adolescents’ depression symptoms. Results show that there was no significant difference in depressive levels between adolescents who had similarly high expectations like their friends and those with similarly low-expectation friends. However, when a mismatch exists, low-expectation adolescents had more depression symptoms than high-expectation ones. Teenagers who had low personal expectations and high-expectation friends reported higher depression scores than high-expectation ones. High-expectation adolescents with low-expectation friends felt less depressed than low-expectation individuals. This study advances our understanding of associations among expectations, friendship networks, and mental health. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-11-04T10:34:39Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231198861
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Authors:Laura Upenieks, Christos Orfanidis, Terrence D. Hill Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Over the last decade, we have witnessed a resurgence of research on religious cognitions and mental health, including, most notably, perceptions of divine control. Although prior work on divine control tends to assume a loving or benevolent image of God, this is only one potential representation. Using nationwide data from the 2017 Baylor Religion Survey (n = 999), we test whether the mental health benefits of perceived divine control vary according to various images of God (authoritative, benevolent, critical, and distant) and educational attainment. Results suggest that individuals with a college degree tend to report worse mental health if they also exhibit high levels of divine control beliefs and authoritative or critical God images. For those without a college degree, mental health was optimal when perceived divine control beliefs were low and their images of God were either authoritative or critical. For those with a college degree, the best mental health profiles were observed among those who reported high levels of divine control and a benevolent God image. By exploring the intersection of perceived divine control and God imagery, we may gain greater insight into novel processes related to religious cognitions and mental health. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-11-04T10:32:20Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231201990
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