 Subjects -> SOCIAL SERVICES AND WELFARE (Total: 224 journals)
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- A Current Reminder of Professional Responses to Environmental Disasters
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Pages: 85 - 86
Abstract: As of this writing, the February 3, 2023, derailment of a Norfolk Southern train in East Palestine, Ohio, is at the forefront of public scrutiny and concern. Although initial emergency safety measures were taken to protect surrounding residents, fears have continued to grow in the weeks that follow about their adequacy. The implications of this lethal disaster are particularly far-reaching, given the hazardous chemical fire that resulted from this accident. Authorities continue to debate what distances are adequate for various safety recommendations, threats to air and water contamination, and the extent to which individuals and regions may be affected at present and in the future. Particularly, unease about latent and long-term health risks have increased along with geographic areas of impact given the potential for corrupted water and food supplies, air pollution, acid rain, and other means in which chemicals extend their reach well beyond the site of the incident. Four weeks after this disaster, there appears to be little certainty about the ramifications and scope of this tragic event.
PubDate: Thu, 16 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad009
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
- Stabilizing the Direct Care Workforce: Challenges and Progress
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Pages: 87 - 90
Abstract: The pandemic intensified a 25-year direct care worker (DCW) crisis in the United States. COVID-19 along with preexisting recruitment and retention challenges have pushed many workers to leave their positions caring for some of the most vulnerable of our society when economic challenges, illness, fear, and family responsibilities became too much to handle (Johnson et al., 2021). Projections predict an additional 1.2 million new positions are needed by 2030, predominately in home- and community-based services (HCBS), leading some experts to recast this situation from workforce crisis to systemic failure (Johnson et al., 2021; Paraprofessional Healthcare Institute, 2022). However, collaborative work among researchers, advocates, and politicians at the state and federal level in a variety of states has led to actionable plans poised to make meaningful progress toward righting the complex and cumbersome ship that is the long-term services and supports (LTSS) system here in the United States and the workforce that is its “backbone” (Bogenschutz et al., 2014).
PubDate: Fri, 10 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad008
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
- Race and COVID-19 among Social Workers in Health Settings: Physical,
Mental Health, Personal Protective Equipment, and Financial Stressors-
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Pages: 91 - 104
Abstract: Social work is an essential workforce integral to the United States’ public health infrastructure and response to COVID-19. To understand stressors among frontline social workers during COVID-19, a cross-sectional study of U.S-based social workers (N = 1,407) in health settings was collected (in June through August 2020). Differences in outcome domains (health, mental health, personal protective equipment [PPE] access, financial stress) were examined by workers’ demographics and setting. Ordinal logistic, multinomial, and linear regressions were conducted. Participants reported moderate or severe physical (57.3 percent) and mental (58.3 percent) health concerns; 39.3 percent expressed PPE access concerns. Social workers of color were more likely to report significantly higher levels of concern across all domains. Those identifying as Black, American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN), Asian American/Pacific Islander (AAPI), multiracial, or Hispanic/Latinx were over 50 percent more likely to experience either moderate or severe physical health concerns, 60 percent more likely to report severe mental health concerns, and over 30 percent more likely to report moderate PPE access concerns. The linear regression model was significantly associated with higher levels of financial stress for social workers of color. COVID-19 has exposed racial and social injustices that that hold true for social workers in health settings. Improved social systems are critical not just for those impacted by COVID-19, but also for the protection and sustainability of the current and future workforce responding to COVID-19.
PubDate: Fri, 03 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad002
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
- Health-Related Quality of Life among American Indian and Alaska Native
People: Exploring Associations with Adversities and Psychosocial Strengths
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Pages: 105 - 114
Abstract: Identifying psychosocial strengths that support physical health can lead to better pathways to prevention and intervention. Relying on the resilience portfolio model as a conceptual framework, this study explores strengths in three domains (regulation, meaning making, and interpersonal) to identify promising protective factors to support physical health-related quality of life (P-HRQOL), controlling for prior exposure to adversity, age, and gender. This study uses data from four resilience portfolio model studies collected in the southern United States, combined to increase the number of people who identified as American Indian/Alaska Native. The sample included 147 people (M age = 28.5 years; SD = 16.26), of which 57 percent are female. The surveys collected data on adversities (polyvictimization, other adversities, county poverty), psychosocial strengths (psychological endurance, sense of purpose, religious meaning making, compassion, and community support), and P-HRQOL. The full model accounted for 24 percent of the variance in P-HRQOL, with strengths explaining more than twice as much variance as adversities (13 percent versus 6 percent). A sense of purpose showed the most promise for supporting P-HRQOL. Regarding implications, authors recommend exploring a wider range of protective factors that might improve resilience in Native communities. Several evidence-based pathways to meaning making, such as narrative and mindfulness, may improve health outcomes for Native people.
PubDate: Thu, 16 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad007
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
- Psychosocial Care Needs of Women with Breast Cancer: Body Image,
Self-Esteem, Optimism, and Sexual Performance and Satisfaction-
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Pages: 115 - 123
Abstract: As breast cancer is on the rise, it is essential to understand the consequences of the diagnosis for patients. This article investigates whether there are differences in different psychosocial variables in Spanish women with breast cancer according to the type of surgery the patients underwent and in comparison with a control group. A study was carried out in the north of Spain in which 54 women participated (27 women were the control group, and 27 women who had been diagnosed with breast cancer). The results of the study indicate that women with breast cancer have lower self-esteem and worse body image, sexual performance, and sexual satisfaction than women in the control group. No differences were found in optimism. These variables do not differ according to the type of surgery the patients underwent. The findings confirm the need to work on these variables in women diagnosed with breast cancer in psychosocial intervention programs.
PubDate: Fri, 03 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad001
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
- Mental Health, Food Insecurity, and Economic Hardship among College
Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic-
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Pages: 124 - 132
Abstract: The mental health crisis among college students has become one of the most pressing issues, especially during the pandemic. Researchers discuss food insecurity as one of the leading causes of mental distress. The onset and continued impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic appear to compound food insecurity, economic hardship, and mental health. This study aims to understand the mental health of college students in relation to food insecurity and financial struggles to meet basic living expenses and debts during the pandemic.
Authors collected survey data from college students in a public urban university in 2020 and conducted a multiple regression (N = 375). Evidence indicated that mental health became significantly worse after the pandemic onset. Mental health was significantly associated with food insecurity and multiple economic hardships, controlling for prepandemic mental health and other characteristics. The findings affirm that food insecurity and dire levels of economic hardship have devastating effects on the mental health of young adults. The article highlights the long-term implications of mental health affected by basic needs insecurity and the emergent need for integrated services and university–community partnerships.
PubDate: Fri, 10 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad006
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
- Association between Loneliness, Mental Health Symptoms, and Treatment Use
among Emerging Adults-
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Pages: 133 - 142
Abstract: Loneliness research has focused primarily on older adult populations. There is limited research on how loneliness and social support impact young people’s mental health and mental health services use. This article reports an assessment of whether loneliness and social support are associated with mental health services use and mental health symptoms (psychological distress and suicidal ideation) among emerging adults. A subsample of emerging adults ages 18 to 29 (N = 307) was drawn from the 2017 Survey of Police-Public Encounters, a cross-sectional, general population survey administered to residents of New York City and Baltimore. Ordinary least squares and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to model associations between loneliness and mental health symptoms and services use outcomes. Emerging adults with higher levels of loneliness reported higher levels of distress and suicidal ideation. Having more social support, experiencing higher levels of distress, and suicidal ideation were associated with increased odds for using services. First-generation American emerging adults and Black emerging adults were less likely to use services than their U.S.-born and non-Black counterparts. The significant impact of loneliness on mental health symptoms and the effect of social support on service use highlight the importance of developing interventions to prevent and reduce loneliness over the life course.
PubDate: Mon, 06 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad005
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
- Clinical Crisis: When Your Therapist Needs Therapy!
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Pages: 143 - 145
Abstract: Social workers are struggling within their professional and personal lives. Many clinical social workers who work in the mental health and medical field are struggling with poor health behaviors, secondary traumatic stress (STS), depression, anxiety, and burnout due to staff shortages, rapid turnover, compassion fatigue, and poor staff recruitment (Toh et al., 2018). Untreated trauma related to bereavement issues can result in PTSD and complicated grief symptoms in clinical populations when left untreated by a trained mental health clinician (Glad et al., 2022). Social work clinicians can expect therapeutic encounters to include discussions of deaths, loss, and reduced security contributing to negative mental health occurrences as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Social workers who work with families and individuals who are experiencing trauma are often adversely affected by these interactions, resulting in negative outcomes for the social worker (Caringi et al., 2017). A recent study of the COVID-19 pandemic and related mental health issues found an increase in anxiety and mental health issues related to stress, grief, fear, and depression (Estes & Thompson, 2020). Many social work clinicians may require mental health treatment of their own COVID-19 experiences, while simultaneously developing vicarious trauma (VT) and countertransference issues as a result of working with a clinical population in the treatment setting.
PubDate: Thu, 02 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad003
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
- Activities and Cognitive Health among Native Hawaiian Older Adults
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Pages: 146 - 148
Abstract: The number of older adults aged 65 and older in Hawaiʻi has been increasing (Administration for Community Living, 2021). With this, there are growing concerns on issues with cognitive impairment and related diseases. Native Hawaiians (NHs) experience health disparities related to high risk of cardiovascular conditions, which are known to be risk factors of cognition (Ganbat & Wu, 2021). NHs are disproportionately affected by dementia and subjective cognitive decline (Alzheimer’s Association, 2021; Ganbat & Wu, 2021). In 2020, 29,000 people aged 65 and older had Alzheimer’s in Hawaiʻi, and this number is expected to increase to 35,000 by 2025 (Alzheimer’s Association, 2021). Productive activities and leisure activities have been linked to positive health outcomes in older adults. Yet, less is known if these beneficial effects extend to NH older adults. This article identifies the associations between various activities and cognitive health among this population.
PubDate: Fri, 17 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad010
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
- HIV Criminal Laws Are Legal Tools of Discrimination
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Pages: 149 - 151
Abstract: Laws should protect people living with HIV against discrimination on the basis of their HIV diagnosis. Yet, in the United States most states have HIV-specific criminal laws that legally sanction discrimination against people living with HIV.
PubDate: Fri, 03 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT
DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlad004
Issue No: Vol. 48, No. 2 (2023)
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