Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles) ISSN (Print) 0360-7283 - ISSN (Online) 1545-6854 Published by Oxford University Press[419 journals]
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Authors:Rine C. Pages: 85 - 86 Abstract: At the time of this writing, it is unclear what may be salvaged of the Build Back Better (BBB) Bill and the future of President Biden’s full vision of the BBB Plan. The central intention of the BBB Plan aims to position the United States to advance environmental objectives, generate sustainable remunerative employment opportunities, and develop the country’s economy by strengthening the middle class (The White House, n.d.). Although the fundamental concept of BBB has international espousal validated by research (Mannakkara et al., 2015; United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction [UNDRR], n.d.; 2017), President Biden’s BBB Plan has been met with struggle, controversy, and debate that has left this comprehensive strategy weak and stymied. PubDate: Fri, 25 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlac007 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Becerra M. Pages: 87 - 91 Abstract: One in 44 children (2.3 percent) in the United States is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021). Autism is a developmental disorder indicated by a constellation of early-appearing social–communication deficits and repetitive sensory–motor behaviors (Lord et al., 2018). Related to its prevalence, the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network reported in 2018 that the percentage of eight-year-old children identified with ASD in the United States was similar among racial and ethnic groups overall (Maenner et al., 2021). However, evidence does suggest that children of other races or ethnicities are less likely than White children to be screened and diagnosed early in life, which are critical to long-term outcomes (Maenner et al., 2021; Magaña et al., 2013; Zeleke et al., 2019). The gap in early diagnosis between White children and children of other races or ethnicities is narrowing, yet underserved populations are still diagnosed six months later than those who come from more advantaged populations (Fountain et al., 2011). In this column, I will describe the impacts of delayed ASD diagnosis, review two potential national policy proposals to reduce the disparity in early diagnosis, and suggest a recommendation for more immediate action. PubDate: Mon, 07 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlac008 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Pullen Sansfaçon A; Temple Newhook J, Douglas L, et al. Pages: 92 - 101 Abstract: Parents of trans and gender-diverse youth can experience challenges navigating gender-affirming (GA) care such as stigma, transphobia, and lack of support. There is little information available about stressors, worries, and positive feelings of parents as they try to support their youth accessing GA care. This article presents baseline survey data on experiences and stressors of 160 parents/caregivers in the Trans Youth CAN! cohort study, which examined medical, social, and family outcomes in youth age 16 years or younger considering puberty blockers or GA hormones. Data were collected at 10 Canadian gender clinics. Authors report on participating parents’ characteristics, levels of support toward youth, stressors, worries, concerns, and positive feelings related to youth’s gender. Most parent participants were White (85.1 percent), female (85.1 percent), birth or adoptive parents (96.1 percent), and reported strong support for youth’s gender. Participants’ concerns included their youth facing rejection (81.9 percent), generalized transphobia (74.6 percent), or encountering violence (76.4 percent). Parents also reported positive feelings about seeing their youth grow more confident. Most parental worries and stressors were situated outside the family, reflecting the systemic discrimination faced by youth and their families. Social workers could address these by developing systems-focused interventions and by further taking into account intersectional health disparities. PubDate: Tue, 08 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlac003 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Bagwell-Gray M; Ramaswamy M. Pages: 102 - 112 Abstract: AbstractWomen who experience intimate partner violence are an underserved population at risk for cervical cancer, precipitated by their heightened risk for human papilloma virus (HPV) and underutilization of gynecological care. This pilot study describes the self-reported behaviors, levels of knowledge, and perceived self-efficacy with cervical cancer screening (i.e., Pap testing) and prevention (i.e., HPV vaccination) among survivors (N = 30) recruited from two domestic violence shelter organizations in the midwestern United States. Survey results indicate a need for increased knowledge and awareness about cervical cancer and prevention strategies among this population; only 23 percent (n = 7) participants reported an up-to-date Pap test and 17 percent (n = 5) participants reported HPV vaccination. Findings also indicate how theoretical constructs from the health belief model, together with feminist understandings of coercive control and empowerment, might explain survivors’ proactive cervical health behaviors and offer insights for intervention. PubDate: Mon, 21 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlac009 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Nolen E; Panisch L. Pages: 113 - 122 Abstract: AbstractLiterature on body image and health behaviors has largely been pathology-based, investigating body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Body appreciation is a useful construct of positive body image and has been used to understand its relationship with health behaviors beyond eating. This scoping review explores the literature on the relationship between body appreciation and physical health-promoting behaviors and health-compromising behaviors. A comprehensive search of databases was conducted to gather correlational studies written in English between January 2005 and November 2019. Behaviors related to eating and exercise were excluded. Nine quantitative studies met inclusion criteria. Evidence suggests an overall positive relationship between body appreciation and health-promoting behaviors, including preventive sexual health behaviors, preventive cancer behaviors, and seeking medical attention. Alternatively, body appreciation is negatively associated with health-compromising behaviors including risky sexual activity and alcohol and tobacco use. Promoting positive body image, above and beyond the reduction of body dissatisfaction, may play a crucial role in the health and well-being of women and girls. Research that examines positive body image in groups that are racially diverse and include sexual and gender minorities and people without healthcare access is urgently needed. PubDate: Wed, 09 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlac006 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Doherty M; Finik J, Blinder V. Pages: 123 - 130 Abstract: Many cancer patients experience a reduction in work status during cancer treatment. Authors analyzed cross-sectional survey data from U.S. cancer patients and survivors to examine the relationship between reduced work status and cost-related nonadherence, defined as skipping or forgoing medical treatments or medications due to cost. Of 381 respondents who were working at the time of diagnosis, 143 reported a reduction in work status during treatment. Age, racial identity, level of education, and treatment type were associated with reductions in work status. Respondents who reduced work status had higher odds of engaging in cost-related nonadherence than those with stable employment. Authors conclude that reduced work status is associated with nonadherence that can undermine treatment benefit and lead to disease progression. This association is troubling given that African American respondents were more likely to report reduced work status during treatment, potentially exacerbating existing cancer health disparities. To reduce treatment nonadherence, social workers should assess for potential employment problems and be prepared to intervene through counseling, community resource referrals, and direct financial assistance. Social workers should be aware of how structural racism is reproduced through inequitable labor policies and practices that have direct implications for health and access to care. PubDate: Mon, 07 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlac004 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Carbone J; Dell N, Issa M, et al. Pages: 132 - 142 Abstract: AbstractTraumatic events may lead to the development of PTSD or PTSD symptomology that can negatively impact health outcomes. Allostatic load, which represents the cumulative biological wear and tear of exposure to stress, can be employed to better understand the physiological etiology of PTSD. A scoping review, informed by the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, was completed to identify published and unpublished empirical studies that explored the relationship of allostatic load and PTSD. Eight databases were searched yielding four studies, with the results summarized narratively and in tabular form. Findings were mixed as to the association between allostatic load and PTSD. Allostatic load was positively associated with PTSD diagnosis; however, studies measuring only PTSD symptomatology found no relationship. Few PTSD researchers have tested the relationship of a comprehensive measure of allostatic load to PTSD. Among those who have, studies show that allostatic load can be a beneficial tool and applicable theoretical framework for understanding the biological changes associated with PTSD. Future research should focus on standardizing measures of both allostatic load and PTSD and identifying potential confounders. A better understanding of the physiological changes associated with PTSD could lead to more effective prevention and treatment efforts. PubDate: Fri, 04 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlac001 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Morris K; Jensen N. Pages: 143 - 146 Abstract: Most of the deaths that are handled by the medical examiner (ME) are violent and/or unexpected, and can include suicides, homicides, or any deaths that occurred under suspicious circumstances (Berry et al., 2013). Oftentimes, families of ME cases are offered little to no support, even though the death occurred in a tragic manner (Berry et al., 2013; Kintzle & Bride, 2010). The needs of the families can be complex and vary depending on a variety of factors such as socioeconomic status, education level, and mental health status. The multifaceted experience can sometimes be overwhelming for the families and the ME staff. Without adequate support, there can be several negative outcomes for individuals, families, and the community. These negative outcomes can include but are not limited to experiencing traumatic flashbacks after identifying a loved one’s body through a photograph, and lingering questions and concerns. PubDate: Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlac002 Issue No:Vol. 47, No. 2 (2022)
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Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
