 Subjects -> SOCIAL SERVICES AND WELFARE (Total: 224 journals)
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- One piece of the puzzle: Treatment of fostered and adopted children with
RAD and DSED-
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Authors: Karen Zilberstein
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Ahead of Print.
Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED) are two interrelated diagnoses emerging from pathogenic and insufficient care during the first few years of life. They have been reported in children who were fostered or adopted after experiencing severe early deprivation through institutionalisation, as well as youth with foster care and maltreatment histories. Substantial comorbid and overlapping difficulties often coexist with both disorders, which complicates their identification. Despite a consensus that RAD and DSED are distinctive diagnoses that capture relational behaviours not elsewhere described, many questions remain about their development and treatment. Research probing underlying mechanisms for both disorders is scarce, and only a few studies exist that chronicle potential interventions. Extant treatments tend to focus on parent management training rather than attachment-based interventions and often do not incorporate assessment of the child’s relational schemata and comorbid difficulties into interventions. This article expands on earlier interventions by detailing the current state of knowledge about RAD and DSED and their common comorbidities in children with foster care and adoption histories and by suggesting how to weave that knowledge into comprehensive assessment and treatment. Two case vignettes are presented.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2023-03-02T07:47:47Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221150018
- Departing thoughts
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Authors: Roger Bullock
Pages: 363 - 364
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 363-364, December 2022.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-12-13T08:55:03Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221140896
Issue No: Vol. 46, No. 4 (2022)
- Contact between children absent in state care and their families: The
parents’ perspective-
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Authors: Gary Clapton, Jennifer Simpson, Catriona Grant
Pages: 365 - 382
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 365-382, December 2022.
This paper reports on survey work and group discussion by a Scottish parent-led support group (Parents Advocacy and Rights – PAR) that supports parents with children in the care system. A previous paper has been published discussing an overview of the survey results (www.pfan.uk/uncovering-the-pain/). The present paper delves further into parents’ particular experiences of contact. The responses are preceded by a critical retrospective of the concept of contact. Our retrospective covers the language of contact, contact’s origins, continuing confusions of meaning and the lack of appreciation of the parental experience and points to the artificiality of contact, the impracticalities of contact arrangements and the toll taken by these. We conclude by pointing out that we are in the fourth decade of recommendations about contact between parents and children in state care. We make the observations that there is a continuing failure to empathise with parents’ experience of deprivation and loss, a lack of comprehension of the depth of detriment to parental identity caused by the process and practices of contact and avoidance of discussion of the damage to the parent–child relationship which, irrespective of the ultimate destination of a child in state care, cannot be obliterated.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-12-13T08:55:04Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221138107
Issue No: Vol. 46, No. 4 (2022)
- Characteristics of breastfeeding by adoptive mothers: Description of the
phenomenon in Poland and worldwide-
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Authors: Natalia Róża Anuszkiewicz, Beata Sztyber, Barbara Baranowska
Pages: 397 - 412
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 397-412, December 2022.
The breastfeeding of adopted children is a rare phenomenon but one that deserves attention because of its potential benefits. The aim of this study was to gather information on the breastfeeding of adopted children in Poland and in other high-income countries and to identify its determinants. Milk banks, adoption centres and forums for breastfeeding mothers were surveyed. The research revealed a high level of interest in the issue among adoptive mothers and a simultaneous lack of information on the part of the employees of adoption centres and milk banks. The study concluded that: (1) adoptive mothers are interested in breastfeeding their adoptive children. They should therefore be equipped with the relevant knowledge and tools to enable them to try to breastfeed; (2) the prevalence of adoptive breastfeeding is similar in Poland and worldwide, but in other developed countries the necessary information is more widely available; (3) milk banks in Poland and around the world do not include adopted children among their beneficiaries; and (4) the idea of adoptive breastfeeding is not promoted by Polish adoption centres, so it is essential to start popularising it.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-12-13T08:55:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221138577
Issue No: Vol. 46, No. 4 (2022)
- Foster caring as ‘professional parenting’: A grounded theory of the
relationships between parent and professional in long-term foster care-
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Authors: Megan Hollett, Alex Hassett, Virginia Lumsden
Pages: 413 - 436
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 413-436, December 2022.
Whilst it has been suggested that fostering involves being both a parent and a professional, little is known about how foster carers manage these roles. This study aimed to develop an explanatory theory and model of the processes involved in fostering looked after children and the relationship between the roles of parent and professional. Ten foster carers offering intended long-term placements to looked after children and five social care professionals who provide support to foster carers were interviewed. Data were analysed using grounded theory. A preliminary model was developed which suggested that the relationship between the two roles changed over time. Many described initially identifying with the parental role before experiencing challenges that necessitated also taking a professional one. Over time, these separate roles appeared to blend and become interconnected, such that foster carers became ‘professional–parents’. These findings extend our understanding of the complexity of the foster carer role and may link to existing role theories. They may also have important clinical implications for the support and training of foster carers, particularly in the early stages of the fostering journey. Further research, including the use of more diverse samples, is needed to extend these findings.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-12-13T08:54:58Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221139490
Issue No: Vol. 46, No. 4 (2022)
- A support-based measure of adult attachment: Links between the Attachment
Style Interview and an observational measure of parenting in a sample of
at-risk mothers-
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Authors: Teresa Ostler, Min Zhan, Elisa Bronfman
Pages: 437 - 454
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 437-454, December 2022.
The Attachment Style Interview (ASI) is increasingly being used to assess parenting suitability in adoption and fostering settings. More research is needed, however, to establish how the ASI relates to parenting behaviour. This study addressed this need by examining the relations between the ASI and an observational measure of parenting behaviour in 66 women with children between the ages of one and six years in the US. The Atypical Maternal Behavior Instrument for Assessment and Classification (AMBIANCE) provided an overall assessment of five disrupted parenting behavioural dimensions: (1) intrusive/negative; (2) role confused; (3) fearful/disoriented; (4) withdrawing; and (5) affective communication errors. A secure adult attachment style was associated with optimal parenting. Two insecure attachment styles, the insecure angry–dismissive and insecure enmeshed styles, were linked to disrupted parenting behaviours. Mothers with disrupted parenting struggled to make and maintain supportive relationships with close others. In addition, they were highly mistrustful of others and evidenced psychological constraints about closeness and attitudes of anger, and extreme self-reliance or contradictory attitudes about help and self-reliance. The findings were upheld in multivariate analyses which included maternal depression and other significant demographic variables. The study provides strong support for the utility of ASI as one useful assessment tool for fostering and adoption settings.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-12-13T08:54:57Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221137356
Issue No: Vol. 46, No. 4 (2022)
- Northern Ireland
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Authors: Rhona Pollock
Pages: 455 - 459
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 455-459, December 2022.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-12-13T08:55:01Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221144316
Issue No: Vol. 46, No. 4 (2022)
- Scotland
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Authors: Rhona Pollock
Pages: 461 - 465
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 461-465, December 2022.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-12-13T08:55:00Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221144316a
Issue No: Vol. 46, No. 4 (2022)
- Exploring the experiences of foster and kinship carers in Australia
regarding the oral healthcare of children living in out-of-home care-
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Authors: Reecha Acharya, Ajesh George, Harrison Ng Chok, Della Maneze, Stacy Blythe
Pages: 466 - 476
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 466-476, December 2022.
Foster and kinship carers play an integral part in establishing oral health promoting behaviours and managing the oral health issues of children in out-of-home care (OOHC). This study aimed to explore the knowledge, experiences and support needs of Australian foster and kinship carers in maintaining the oral health of children living in OOHC, using semi-structured interviews with eight purposively sampled carers. Results showed that the participants understood the importance of good oral health for general well-being and were motivated to implement good oral hygiene practices with the children in their care. The challenges encountered by foster and kinship carers included: a lack of information from foster care agencies regarding the oral health needs of children; difficulty in the pre-approval processes for dental treatment; and poor communication between carers and foster care agencies. Systemic challenges included: transience and frequent changes in the child’s foster placement; long waiting lists for dental treatment; and lack of dental professionals. We conclude that foster and kinship carers need support to promote the oral health of children in OOHC and that systemic barriers must be identified and addressed.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-12-13T08:55:03Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221140875
Issue No: Vol. 46, No. 4 (2022)
- Abstracts
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Pages: 477 - 480
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 477-480, December 2022.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-12-13T08:54:58Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221140900
Issue No: Vol. 46, No. 4 (2022)
- ‘A little piece of my heart goes with each of them’: Foster carer
reflections on current fostering practice-
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Authors: Carolyn Blackburn, Elaine Matchett
First page: 383
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Ahead of Print.
In the UK, fostering is the principal way of looking after children in care. Foster carers have been reported to be motivated to undertake this task by an intrinsic desire to nurture and improve the lives of young people. However, the work faces numerous challenges, especially with regard to relationships with other professionals involved in children’s lives and a lack of support for young people with complex needs. Allegations made against carers also increase the potential for carer stress and an exit from fostering. This article reports the findings from an online survey of 422 foster carers in England, complemented by eight in-depth interviews. Although this research was undertaken during the global Covid-19 pandemic when schools and other social settings were closed for prolonged periods, which had some effect on participants’ responses, the issues raised were enduring rather than ephemeral. The findings highlight the two key themes of ‘transformative professional relationships’ and ‘translations of professional love’. Recommendations for professional training across disciplines are suggested.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2022-11-30T10:26:43Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759221135203
- Sir Michael Rutter: A tribute
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Authors: Roger Bullock
Abstract: Adoption & Fostering, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Adoption & Fostering
PubDate: 2021-12-07T04:37:43Z
DOI: 10.1177/03085759211061892
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