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Egyptian Journal of Genetics And Cytology
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 0046-161X
Published by Egyptian Society of Genetics

[1 journal]

CLONING OF WUB3a GENE (DROUGHT STRESS TOLERANT GENE) ISOLATED FROM
Triticum aestivum
- Authors: O. E. EL-SAYED, S. A. M. KHATTAB, A. M. F. AL-ANSARY, HAYAM F. IBRAHIM
  Pages: 203 - 218
  Abstract: The (ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes) E2s plays important role in response to various stresses in the plant, found in eukaryotes. The wub3a drought-tolerant gene coding to the E2 ubiquitin enzyme was isolated from the cDNA of double haploid 4 (DH4) genotype (triticum aestivum) under drought stress 30% PE and sequenced with 234bp complete open reading frame. The gene was deposited at GenBank under accession no. MW344069 and cloned in pBi121 expression vector and transformed in E. coli DH5α for preparing to transformation in the plant. The results illustrated that there is a different nucleotide sequence in the wub3a gene and the other sequence in GenBank while the translated protein was the same sequence. The gene requires more studies in the future.
  PubDate: 2022-04-24
  Issue No: Vol. 50, No. 2 (2022)
EVALUATION OF SIX SUGARCANE CULTIVARS UNDER THE EGYPTIAN CONDITIONS USING
INTER SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT (ISSR) TECHNIQUE
- Authors: DALIA I. H.a EL-GEDDAWY, SAHAR A. M. SHAMSELDIN, M. H. M. EBID, A. A ELSHEIKH
  Pages: 219 - 233
  Abstract: Sugarcane breeding is the gate to obtain new varieties with good quality that can stand to the different changes which face that essential crop. This study was conducted to determine the relationship among six cultivars bred under the Egyptian environment using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) technique at Giza experimental station (30.022310 N, 31.207910 E). The six cultivars were G.T.54-9 (the commercial variety), G.2003-47 (G.3), G.2004-27 (G.4), G.99-103, G.2007-61 and G.84-47. The total number of bands produced by the eleven primers, used in this study, were 117 monomorphic bands (51%) and polymorphic bands (66%), with a unique one (61.2 %). The dendogram (tree) produced from UPGMA cluster analysis for the five cultivars were grouped at similarity coefficient of 0.79. At this level, it was divided into two main groups. The 1st one included G.84-47 and GT.54-9 cultivars, started at a distance 0.845. Meanwhile, the 2nd group was divided into two sub groups. The 1st sub group started at a distance of 0.830 and included the two cultivars G.4 and G.99-103. The 2nd sub group started at a distance of 0.890 and included two cultivars G.3 and G.2007-61. The vegetative and chemical analyses emphasized the genetic relations between the studied varieties. The cultivar G.3 surpassed the tested cultivars in most traits under study.
  PubDate: 2022-04-24
  Issue No: Vol. 50, No. 2 (2022)
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SELECTED FLAX GENOTYPES (Linu- musitatissimum L.)
BASED ON SCOT, ISSR AND RAMP MARKERS
- Authors: MARWA H. A. OSMAN, M. A. BADAWI, E. M. ZAYED, REEM M. ABD EL-MAKSOUD, K.H. RADWAN
  Pages: 95 - 117
  Abstract: Thirteen Start Codon Targeted (SCoT), thirteen inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers and eleven random amplified microsatellite polymorphism (RAMP) primer combinations were used to assess the genetic diversity among twelve Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes that are currently active in flax breeding programs in Egypt. They successfully produced a total of 209, 177 and 143 reproducible bands, with a polymorphism percentage of 80.38%, 64.40% and 60.83%, respectively. The highest polymorphism was obtained by SCoT marker with a polymorphic information content (PIC) value of (0.23) and marker index (MI) of (2.96) compared with ISSR markers (0.20 and 1.74, respectively) and RAMP (0.16 and 1.06, respectively). Also, data showed higher SCoT values of observed alleles (Na) 1.82, the number of effective alleles (Ne) 1.51 and the effective multiplex ratio (EMR) 12.9 compared with ISSRs (1.65, 1.41 and 8.7) and RAMP (1.63, 1.34 and 6.00, respectively). On the other hand, Shanon index (I) produced by ISSR marker (0.35) showed higher variability than SCoT (0.25) and RAMP (0.30). However, dendrograms derived from SCoT, ISSR and RAMP marker data separated the 12 flax genotypes into two main clusters. Thus, SCoT marker can be used as an effective complementary method besides ISSR and RAMP for molecular characterization of flax as well as for the determination of genetic relationships between flax cultivars.
  PubDate: 2021-10-11
  Issue No: Vol. 50, No. 2 (2021)
NOVEL TRANSGRESSIVE SEGREGATION IN BREAD WHEAT
- Authors: M. R. I. AL-BAKRY
  Pages: 119 - 138
  Abstract: The present study was conducted to create new genetic variation in the hybrid population WM10 × Gemmeiza9 of bread wheat, phenotypic evaluation of F2 and F3 segregated populations for number of spikelets/spike, number of kernels/spike, number of kernels/spikelet, number of fertile spikes per plant, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield per plant and to estimate interrelationships between all possible pairs of studied traits. An exceptional transgressive segregation exceeded its parental phenotypic values in positive direction for number of spikelets/spike, number of kernels per spike and grain yield per plant was selected from F2 generation. In F3 generation, considerable high estimates of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation for grain yield/plant, number of kernels/spike, number of fertile spikes/plant, 1000-kernel weight and number of spikelets/spike were observed. Positive and significant correlation coefficients between grain yield/plant and number of spikelets/spike, number of kernels/spike, number of kernels/spikelet, number of fertile spikes/plant, and 1000-kernel weight were estimated, indicating that indirect selection for these traits would be accompanied by high grain yield in this transgressed hybrid population. High positive and significant correlation coefficients occurred between number of kernels/spike and number of spikelets/spike and between number of kernels/spike and number of kernels/spikelet. These results indicated that number of spikelets/spike and number of kernels/spikelet are important in this transgressive hybrid population in the determination of number of kernels/spike.
  PubDate: 2021-10-11
  Issue No: Vol. 50, No. 2 (2021)
DETECTION OF FIBER QUALITY GENES IN SOME PLANTS BELONGING TO FAMILY
Asclepiadaceae
- Authors: EL-SHAIMAA S. EL-DEMERDASH, INJY M. MASOUD, MOKHTAR SAID RIZK
  Pages: 139 - 158
  Abstract: Two fiber plant species belonging to the family Asclipidaceae; Calotropis procera and pergularia daemia were chosen for the present study. Gene expression analysis of fiber quality genes (EXPA3 and EXPA4) was achieved using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in two plant parts (leaf and stem) in C. procera showing a high expression level of EXPA3 gene compared to the EXPA4 gene. Moreover, the expression level in stems is higher than that in leaves regardless of plant species. Detection of genes (EXPA3) was carried out by PCR reaction producing band in Calotropis procera with sizes 850bp but for EXPA4 gene PCR product in C. procera and Pergularia daemia with sizes 450bp. The obtained fragments were sequenced and phylogenetic trees based on amino acid sequences using Mega 7.0 software were accomplished. The results revealed the close relatedness of CpEXPA3 understudy to C. procera (ABO30977.1) was recorded in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. In addition, the close relatedness of CpEXPA4 understudy to CpEXPA4 in C. procera (EF434784.2) was recorded in the NCBI database. The present study recommends conducting more researches on fiber crops due to their economic importance. Furthermore, their genetic potentialities which enable them to be good genetic resources and alternatives to economically important fiber crops. Moreover, For Guidance to domestication and cultivation of inexpensive fiber resources that are tolerant to various environmental stresses and do not exhaust the farmlands.
  PubDate: 2021-10-11
  Issue No: Vol. 50, No. 2 (2021)
DETECTION OF ISSR MARKERS LINKED TO SEED OIL CONTENT OF JOJOBA PLANTS
(Simmondsia chinensis) CULTIVATED IN EGYPT
- Authors: S. M. KHALIL, DALIA M.M. MOUSTAFA, SHAIMAA M. AHMED, S. D. IBRAHIM, K. S. ABDALLA
  Pages: 159 - 170
  Abstract: Jojoba has become a significant plant due to its precious seed oil with numerous applications. In an attempt to explore the genetic variation and the association with different traits, ISSR analysis was conducted for the selected Jojoba clones. In the present study, sixteen Jojoba plants (clones) including 1 male and 15 female clone were selected to conduct this experiment. Ten ISSR primers were used in this study. The analysis of oil content in the seeds revealed that one plant (GIADC2) contain up to 55.93% oil, which is quite high percentage. Increasing in oil content and seed weight is not always related to each other. ISSR analysis revealed 61 monomorphic bands, where, the maximum number of monomorphic bands (9) was generated by the ISSR-3, while the lowest (1) produced by the ISSR-9. However, the total number of polymorphic bands was 70. The percentage of polymorphism was ranged from 20% (ISSR-20) to 91% (ISSR-9) with average 52.6%. The dendrogram showed two main clusters; the first main cluster has grouped three Jojoba genotypes (5, 10 and 15). While the second main cluster was divided into two sub-clusters; one sub-cluster contain 10 clones (4, 6, 8, 12, 9, 14, male, 13, 1 and 11) and the other sub-cluster contained three Jojoba clones (2, 7 and 3). The association of ISSR marker with oil content revealed that ISSR-01, ISSR-08 and ISSR-19 were associated with oil content. On the hand, the association of ISSR marker with seed weight revealed that ISSR-01, ISSR-04, ISSR-05, ISSR-09, ISSR-19 and ISSR-20 primers were associated. Finally, molecular marker such as ISSR markers is important in trait marker association study for improving plant cultivars.
  PubDate: 2021-10-11
  Issue No: Vol. 50, No. 2 (2021)
USING BIOINFORMATICS TO INVESTIGATE THE NOVEL SARS- COV-2 VARIANTS AND
THEIR IMPACTS ON INFECTIVITY
- Authors: SHEREEN F. ELKHOLY
  Pages: 171 - 192
  Abstract: The coronavirus pandemic swept across the world in 2020 and changed the pace, texture and nature of our lives. The causative agent belongs to the RNA Coro-navirus, also called SARS-CoV-2. Viruses constantly change through mutations and variations, due to evolution and adaptation processes, have been observed worldwide. Most emerging mutations have insignificant impact on the virus spreading, combinations of mutations or some mutations could provide a selective advantage, like increased transmissibility, infectivity or the capability to avoid the host immune response. An emergent Aspartic acid identified in 614 is substituted by Glycine (Asp 614 →Gly) (D614G) in the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 strains which is the prevalent form globally. The study provides a computational analysis to compare the wild type of SARS-Cov-2 with a new variant (D614G) and find out the difference between them in terms of mutations and immunological features and their receptor binding domains which is a key part of the virus that is located on its' spike protein that facilitates its entrance into host cells and lead to infection. The study found that the D614 G variant exhibit alteration in the RBD that affect its pathogenicity, infectivity and reduced antibody binding and immune protection and is likely to be advantageous for immune evasion. It is the primary target in the prevention and treatment of infections.
  PubDate: 2021-12-13
  Issue No: Vol. 50, No. 2 (2021)
IDENTIFICATION OF FRAGRANCE GENE fgr IN THE EGYPTIAN JASMINE RICE (EJR)
AND ITS CROSSES WITH THREE CHINESE CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILE LINES
- Authors: AMIRA EL-KEREDY, I; S. EL-DEGWY
  Pages: 193 - 202
  Abstract: Aroma Egyptian Jasmine rice (EJR) is one of the most important types, It is one of the high quality rice varieties all over the world, have the fragrance gene fgr. Three cytoplasmic male sterile lines, and EJR were hybridized. The three cytoplasmic male sterility Chinese lines were: Hexi41B, Yimi15B and D297 and their crosses were Hexi41B x E.Jasmine (HJR), Yimi15B x E. Jasmine (YJR) and D297 x E. Jasmine (DJR). The results showed that the male sterile lines outperform the Egyptian Jasmine rice in most of morphological trail such as; 1000 grain weight, plant height, number of panicles plant, and grain yield for plant traits. For identification of fgr gene primers were used in PCR reaction, the fgr gene was identified in the Egyptian Jasmine rice (EJR) and its hybrid lines. The gene was also digested using three different restriction enzymes (RE) such as; EcoR1, BamH1 and Hind ІІІ. By estimating the total amount of protein in the grains, the result noticed that it reached 6.91 in the Egyptian Jasmine rice (EJR) and about 6.91(grain with cover), while it reached the highest amount in DJR hybrid as crosse between the Egyptian Jasmin rice (EJR) and male sterility lines leads to fgr gene transfer enhancement and increase of protein content in rice grains which reached up to 8.3 in D297 x Egyptian Jasmine rice hybrid (EJR). The main target of this study was to determine the fragrance gene (fgr) from EJR in cytoplasmic male strile (CMS) rice after crosses between them and the EJR, that resulting in changes of charachterstics after transferring the gene to these CMS lines.
  PubDate: 2021-10-11
  Issue No: Vol. 50, No. 2 (2021)