JournalTOCs

Glass Physics and Chemistry
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.295

Citation Impact (citeScore): 1
Number of Followers: 1

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 1608-313X - ISSN (Online) 1087-6596
Published by Springer-Verlag

[2469 journals]

Phase Composition and Luminescent Properties of Yb3+:(GdxY1 – x)3Al5O12
Nanopowders on Isomorphous Substitution of Y3+ Ions by Gd3+ Ions
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  Abstract: This paper presents the results of studying the effect of the isomorphic substitution of Y3+ ions into Gd3+ ions on the structure and luminescent properties of yttrium-aluminum garnet nanopowders activated with Yb3+ ions obtained by the polymer-salt method. To study the structure of the material, the methods of X-ray phase analysis, as well as luminescent and infrared spectroscopy, were used. It is established that with an increase in the content of the Gd3+ ions in the garnet structure, a monotonic expansion of the unit cell of crystals and an increase in the width of the Yb3+ luminescence band are observed.
  PubDate: 2022-04-01
Effect of Tungsten Oxide on the Crystallization Properties of Glasses of
the B2O3–La2O3–Nb2O5 System
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  Abstract: The effect of tungsten oxide on the crystallization properties of glasses of the 37.5B2O3 22.5La2O3 (40 – x)Nb2O5 xWO3 (where x = 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 mol %) system when replacing them with niobium pentoxide is studied. It is established that during the crystallization of glasses containing niobium and tungsten, the parallel precipitation of crystalline phases of complex LaxNbyAlzWnOm tungstates and LaNbWAlBO borates of a variable chemical composition is observed.
  PubDate: 2022-04-01
Effect of Indium Additives on the Kinetics and Mechanism of the Isothermal
Bulk Crystallization of As2Se3 Glass
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  Abstract: The analysis of the kinetics of stepwise volumetric crystallization of AsSe1.5In0.01 glasses is carried out at temperatures of 200, 220, 240, and 260°C, and of AsSe1.5In0.025, at 240°C, according to measurements of the density of quenched materials using the generalized Kolmogorov–Avrami equation, the results of differential thermal and quantitative X-ray phase analysis, and microscopic observations. A significant acceleration of the bulk heterogeneous nucleation of the lamellar crystals of the main As2Se3 phase of the primary microphase In2Se3, which is released evenly over the entire volume of monolithic glass during isothermal crystallization in the range of 200 to 260°C, is established. The parameters of electrical conductivity and microhardness of quenched semiconductor glass-ceramics (sitalls) at various stages of heat treatment are studied.
  PubDate: 2022-04-01
Investigation of the Properties of Zinc Oxide by the Method of Impedance
Spectroscopy
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  Abstract: The dielectric analysis of nanostructured layers of semiconductor materials is important for understanding the characteristics and design of nanocomposites with the prospect of their further application in solar cells and piezoelectric transducers, as well as catalytic particles and sensors in determining the molecular composition of gases. The impedance spectroscopy of a solid makes it possible to characterize various contributions to the resistive and capacitive properties of an electronically inhomogeneous condensed matter and to characterize them separately. In this paper, we study the impedance spectra for nanostructured ZnO layers synthesized by the hydrothermal method on a chip based on Al2O3 with presprayed interdigital gold electrodes, and the dependence of the impedance spectra on the measurement temperature and the concentration of the supplied gas is studied.
  PubDate: 2022-04-01
High-Temperature Crystal Chemistry of Na2SO4–K2SO4 Sulfate System
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  Abstract: In the Na2SO4–K2SO4 system, nine phases are known. In this study, for the first time, the values of the thermal expansion coefficients of continuous high-temperature solid solutions crystallizing in the P63/mmc crystal system, low-temperature limited solid solutions based on natroaphthitalite and aphthitalite (P3-m1), and polymorph II Na2SO4 (Pbnm) in the Na2SO4–K2SO4 system are provided. The genetic succession of polymorphs P3m1 and P3-m1 ↔ P63/mmc, which manifested itself in the double sulfates of this system, is revealed.
  PubDate: 2022-04-01
Vaporization and Thermodynamic Properties of the NbO2–TiO2 System
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  Abstract: The vaporization and thermodynamic properties of the NbO2–TiO2 system are studied by high-temperature differential mass spectrometry. The samples are evaporated from Knudsen effusion chambers made of tungsten. The partial pressures of the molecular forms of the vapor, the activities of the condensed phase components, the Gibbs energies, and the excess Gibbs energies are determined. It is established that the studied system is characterized by a negative deviation from the ideal behavior.
  PubDate: 2022-04-01
Cluster Self-Organization of Intermetallic Systems: New Four-Layer
Clusters K339 = Tb@18@42@86@192 and Three-Layer Clusters K147 =
Tb@18@42@86) and K124 = 0@8@26@90 in the Crystal Structure of
Tb117Fe52Ge112-cF1124
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  Abstract: Using computer methods (ToposPro software package), a geometric and topological analysis of the crystal structure of the Tb intermetallic compound 117Fe52Ge112-cF1124 with giant cubic cell parameters a = 28.580 Å, V = 23344.61 Å3, etc., is carried out by the group fm-3m. As a result, 575 variants of the cluster representation of the 3D atomic network with the number of structural units ranging from 3 to 8 are established. Two variants of self-assembly of the crystal structure from four-layer precursor clusters K339 = Tb@18(Fe12Ge6)@42(Ge18Tb24)@86(Ge32Tb54)@192(Ge72Fe48Tb72), and two three-layer clusters K147 = Tb@18(Fe12Ge6)@42(Ge18Tb24)@86(Ge32Tb54) and K124 = 0@8Fe@26(Fe8Tb18)@90(Ge42Tb48) are considered. The symmetry and topological code of the processes of self-assembly of 3D structures from new precursor clusters is reconstructed in the form primary chain → layer → framework.
  PubDate: 2022-04-01
Comparative Study of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Natural
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  Abstract: The results of a study of the physicochemical properties of natural bentonite clay of the Dash-Salakhli deposit of the Republic of Azerbaijan and synthetic montmorillonite (MT) Na1.0Al1.0Mg1.0Si4O10(OH)2 H2O obtained under hydrothermal conditions are presented. The chemical and phase compositions of the samples are compared, the porous-textural and sorption characteristics are studied, the distribution of acid sites on the surface of the samples is studied, and the results of the study by IR absorption spectroscopy are presented. The sorption capacity of the samples is compared to the organic cationic dye methylene blue and the heavy metal ions from the model solutions simultaneously containing lead and copper ions. Based on the results obtained, conclusions are drawn on promising areas for the use of natural and synthetic MTs.
  PubDate: 2022-04-01
Cluster Self-Organization of Intermetallic Systems: New Precursor Cluster
K65 = 0@3@20@42 for the Self-Assembly of the Sc96Mg8Zn600-cP704 Crystal
Structure
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  Abstract: Using computer methods (the ToposPro software package), a combinatorial topological analysis and modeling of the self-assembly of the Sc96Mg8Zn600-cP704 (sp. gr. Pa-3 (no. 205), a = 22.4120Å, V = 11 257.5 Å3) crystal structure is carried out. A new three-layer framework-forming nanocluster K65 = 0@3@20@42 is established. At the center of nanocluster K65 (in position 8c on the 3 axis), there is a ring of 3 Zn atoms inside the Zn20 dodecahedron, on the surface of which 42 atomic shells of 12 Sc atoms and 30 Zn atoms are formed. The symmetry and topological code of the processes of self-assembly of 3D structures from nanoclusters-precursors K65 in the form primary chain → microlayer → microframework is reconstructed. The K5 = Mg2Zn3 (triangular bipyramids) and K6 = Zn6 (hexagonal rings) clusters are established as spacers occupying the voids in the 3D framework of K65 nanoclusters.
  PubDate: 2022-04-01
Study and Development of Superhydrophobic Coatings Based on Silicon
Dioxide
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  Abstract: It is found that the chemical composition of the surface cannot fully provide superhydrophobicity, as a combination of a hydrophobic material with an appropriate surface texture is required. It is determined that to create a superhydrophobic coating (SHC), it is necessary that the liquid on the surface be in the Cassie–Baxter state. SHCs with an ordered microstructured surface are developed. It is found that the size of the asperities of such a surface should not be larger than 20 μm.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
Spectrophotometric Study of Interaction with Water of Barley Seeds after
Their Colloid Treatment in Silica Sols with γ-Fe2O3 Nanopowders
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  Abstract: It is shown that the deposition of silica sol shells on the surface of barley seeds based on hydrolyzed tetraethoxysilane with the addition of γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite) nanoparticles leads to a nonlinear change in the transparency in the UV region of distilled nonsterile and sterilized water after contact with the treated silica-salt seeds, depending on the concentration of the oxide additive introduced into the silica sol, varying in the range 0.001–10 000 mg/L. A number of correlations are found between the transmittance of the studied water samples and the target indicators of seed germination, which may be due to a change in the permeability and sorption activity of the shell being formed.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
X-Ray Fluorescence Determination of the Boron Content in Lithium Borate
Glasses
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  Abstract: A method for the X-ray fluorescence determination of the boron content in lithium borates used for preparing glasses for detecting ionizing radiation is proposed. The measurements are carried out on an S8 Tiger X-ray spectrometer. Sample preparation consists of fusing lithium borates (7.5 g) with a rock sample (0.5 g) and forming a glass disk. The error estimate for boron is 0.2 wt % with the boron content in the range from 21.7 to 27.2 wt % corresponding to the range of content in stoichiometric lithium borates from metaborate to triborate.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
On the Correlation of the Microhardness and Glass Transition Temperature
for Chalcogenide Glasses
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  Abstract: The question of the correct representation of the correlation between the microhardness and the glass transition temperature of glasses is discussed. The type of this correlation depends on the structure of the glasses and can be used to analyze the latter. As an example, the dependence of microhardness on the glass transition temperature of glasses of the phosphorus–selenium system is discussed. It is noted that the dependence of the microhardness on the reduced temperature for glasses with a similar structure is equivalent to the dependence of the microhardness on the temperature of individual glasses. Measurement of the temperature dependences of the microhardness of individual glasses will make it possible to obtain more precise results for discussing the features of their structure in comparison with the dependence of the microhardness on the glass transition temperatures of different glasses, which are however similar in composition.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
Polymer-Salt Synthesis of Photoactive Bactericide ZnO–Ag and
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  Abstract: This paper describes the low-temperature polymer-salt synthesis of ZnO–Ag nanopowders and presents the results of studying their structure, morphology, and properties. The methods of X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy are used to study the structure and morphology of materials. It is found that the resulting nanopowders consist of nanoparticles of about 30 nm. The experiments show that the resulting nanopowders have antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
Crack-Tip Shielding by Swelling in Silica Proved from Measurement of
Crack-Terminating Angles in DCDC-Tests
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  Abstract: Cracks terminating at free surfaces are affected by local stresses in the surface region. Under residual compression, the crack front must retard, whereas residual tensile stresses lead to an advance, both compared with the crack contour in the absence of stresses. This effect can be used for an estimation of residual surface stresses in silica generated during the silica/water reaction and caused by volume swelling. A strong shielding stress intensity factor of about –2.5 MPa√m was found for Double Cleavage Drilled Compression specimens heat-treated for 192 h at 250°C in water vapour under saturation pressure and in liquid water. This result is a clear indication for compressive stresses developing in the water diffusion zone at the surface.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
Dependence of the Non-Linear Refractive Index on the Optical Parameters of
Laser and Optical Glasses for Powerful High-Energy Pulse Radiation
Amplifiers
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  Abstract: The influence of the refractive index, dispersion coefficient, and average dispersion on the non-linear refractive index (NRI) of athermal neodymium laser glasses for active elements of high-power pulsed radiation amplifiers (PRAs) and athermal optical glasses is studied. It is shown that the NRI of the studied glasses does not exceed 1.18 × 10–13 cm2/V2, as long as their refractive index in the green (yellow) spectral region is not higher than 1.54, the dispersion coefficient is not less than 64, and the average dispersion is not higher than 0.0082. When these conditions are met, athermal laser and optical glasses can be used in the construction of high-power PRAs. It is suggested that athermal phosphate crowns can serve as a base for obtaining neodymium glasses with a low NRI.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
Effect of SiC Fiber Content in Silicon Carbide Material on Its Mechanical
Properties
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  Abstract: SiC materials are obtained by impregnating a porous workpiece consisting of silicon carbide and carbon with liquid silicon. In the composition of the material, at the stage of preparation of charge compositions, up to 18 vol % SiCf is introduced, reinforcing the material and giving it a high level of mechanical characteristics. With an increase in the fiber content (>10 vol % SiCf), the density decreases and the strength of the material decreases; nevertheless, its crack resistance increases. The maximum value of the critical stress intensity factor is recorded for a material containing 15 vol % SiCf–K1C = 6.0 ± 0.2 MPa m1/2
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
Joint Redox Mechanism of Water Synthesis in H2 and O2 Mixture in the
Presence of a Series of Metal Oxides
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  Abstract: This article describes a joint redox mechanism that, using the example of water synthesis in the presence of certain metal oxides, explains the important thermodynamic features of this mechanism. This study is based on a comparison of the total enthalpy of the formation of ΔfHT redox reaction components with the reaction energy E spent when its temperature rises. Taking into account the number of moles of the resulting products of the reduction-oxidative reaction (atoms and molecules), the reaction mode (equimolar and isobaric), and the law of conservation of energy, these values should be equal. Analysis of a number of reactions differing in metal oxides (Ag2O, NiO, PtO2) and reducing gases (H2, CO, SO2), taking into account some self-cooling of the oxides during their reduction confirmed these expectations. The theoretical estimates are in reliable agreement with the experimental data. As a result of our research, the 200-year-old mystery of water synthesis, described by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1817, was solved by us based on the modern physicochemical concepts, not related to catalysis.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
Obtaining and Studying Films of Tungsten, Titanium and Their Oxides
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  Abstract: The initial polycrystalline films of tungsten and titanium, whose surface has predominantly ultrananodispersed morphology and a thickness of 50 to 100 nm, are obtained by magnetron sputtering on conductive fluorinated tin oxide (FTO) films, which were deposited on glass substrates. At the next stage, the resulting films of tungsten and titanium are thermally oxidized in a programmable muffle furnace in an air atmosphere. The morphology, structural, and the optical properties of both the initial tungsten and titanium films and their oxides are studied. Some preliminary results are presented and the prospects for using the obtained tungsten oxide (WO3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) films as electrochromic, photochromic and sensor materials are discussed.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01
Elastic Moduli and the Grüneisen Parameter of Glass-Like Solids
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  Abstract: If there is no definite relationship between the elastic moduli B and G separately and the Grüneisen parameter γ, a measure of anharmonicity, the ratio B/G turns out to be an unambiguous function of γ. The nature of the linear correlation between (B/G) and γ is discussed.
  PubDate: 2022-02-01