 Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- Conceptualising Marginalisation: Agency, Assertion, and Personhood
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Authors: Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud
Pages: 7 - 22
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page 7-22, June 2022.
The Indian Institute of Dalit Studies (IIDS) has been regularly organising Ambedkar Memorial Lecture since 2004. The 13th Ambedkar Memorial Lecture, organised on December 6, 2021, was delivered by Dr Justice Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud (Judge, Supreme Court of India) on the topic “Conceptualising Marginalisation: Agency, Assertion, and Personhood”. The speech given by Justice Chandrachud is being published in form of this article.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-06-21T11:57:45Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221104289
Issue No: Vol. 8, No. 1 (2022)
- Repression of Uyghur Muslims and the Freedom of Religious Beliefs in China
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Authors: Amit Anand
First page: 23
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
China has been accused by the international community for placing tight constraints on the religious freedom of Uyghurs in the northwest Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR). It has been widely reported that China has placed in detention over a million Uyghur Muslims in order to ‘re-educate’ them to adapt to ‘Chinese culture’. It has been alleged that China is using a system of surveillance, control, and suppression of religious activity aimed particularly at Uyghurs accusing them of actively involving in separatist activity with foreign funding in order to destabilise the region. Note that, China has also brought in polices on regulation of religious affairs that makes it difficult for a religious body or a church, mosque to exist in China without prior State approval. The policy also gives unfettered power of oversight to the government over minority religious institutions and their day to day management.In light of the above, this article examines the issue of right to freedom of religion or belief in the backdrop of China’s treatment of Uyghur Muslims in the Xinjiang region. Further, this article also comments upon China’s current domestic policy regulating religion and its commitment at the international level to protect and promote freedom of religion or belief of all its citizens.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-05-12T10:49:26Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221085680
- Understanding the Construction of Otherness in Harijan Community in
Bangladesh-
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Authors: Goutam Kumar Dutta, Md. Musfikur Rahman, Syaket Shakil, Dipika Shankar Bhattacharyya, Md. Mostafizur Rahman
First page: 37
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
Otherness sees the world as divided into mutually excluding opposites. It is built through subjective perceptions and cultural practices in society on which, human beings are remade and separated from each other always based on their own experiences. This was a cross-sectional study, applied a qualitative approach to explore how cultural otherness was produced and practiced within the Harijan community. The studied population live in a separate geographical location due to their traditional occupation. Their accommodation and occupation made them others in the society. They have limited access to public places, shops and restaurants, barbershops, playgrounds, movie theatres, burial grounds, social gatherings, temples, music concerts and cultural events. This subordinated social position has also made them others within their sociocultural context. The identity of the Harijan as ‘others’ has been categorised and identified through the existing sociocultural context they live in. This identity is being perpetuated from one generation to another.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-05-09T07:01:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221096951
- Employability and ‘Marginal Efficiency’ of Labour in
Post-COVID Economy-
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Authors: S. Mohammed Irshad, Vimal Raj
First page: 51
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
COVID-19-induced lockdown resulted into a differential impact and the most vulnerable among them are the labour. State is ineffective in preventing income and livelihood loss of the workers. Higher supply and lower wages resulted in a huge reserve labour force in developed and developing countries. The employer in a post-COVID economy is going to be highly selective and labour market also would be selective to labour. The labour is going to be free to move, however, the freedom of labour to move does not ensure better employability. This article explains about employability in the post-COVID economy.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-05-23T05:48:32Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221097051
- Resistance in Popular Visuals and Iconography: A Study of Dalit–Bahujan
Calendar Art in North India-
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Authors: Kalyani Kalyani
First page: 64
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
The Dalit–Bahujan visual representation is uniquely constituted through cultural artefacts, symbols and iconography. The pictorial representations of cultural artefacts are meaningful as they signify and symbolise resistance. The new emerging visuality of the marginalised communities is questioning the dominant regimes of visuality. A calendar as the site of visuality is a signification of resistance to the Brahminical culture by the Dalit–Bahujan community. The Calendar art has engaged with a reiteration of anti-caste social icons that has generated a visual effect on the collective memory of the community. This article has traced the shifts that have happened in calendar art with the rise of anti-caste consciousness in North India. The article has methodologically engaged in observing and doing a content analysis of calendars that are gaining popularity among the Dalit–Bahujan community. The article has also presented an in-depth case study of the Samyak Prakashan calendar in North India. Through the study of the calendar’s iconography and symbols, the article reflects on the cultural practices of the Dalit–Bahujan community. The article also looks into the epistemological and historiographical gaps that are bridged through the reiteration of culturally significant dates in the calendar.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-04-21T10:58:06Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221087489
- Media as an Instrument of Reflection or Distortion of the Real Life
Problems of Muslim Women in India-
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Authors: Aamina Shabir, Tanveer Ahmad Khan
First page: 86
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
The relationship between women and media in terms of the portrayal of the former in the latter has been a contested one. It has been an area of interest and scrutiny for academicians in general and feminists in particular. However, despite being laden with the xenophobic undercurrent, Muslim women’s depiction has not been addressed with much academic curiosity and seriousness. Muslim women per se represent a category defined by the intersection of gendered and Islamophobic vulnerabilities. The disadvantage of Muslim women has also cropped into media, with representation dominated by voiceless and docile images, primarily seen as a victim of her religion and the men folk. In the Indian scenario, the trend is quite the same with women from this marginalised community seen as victims of Muslim personal law, practices such as Hijab and polygamy, and immediate prey of the conservative and patriarchal Muslim men, which is the popular stereotype surrounding the latter. This depiction at the theoretical level can be understood as a manifestation of Edward Said’s concept of orientalism, which defines the othering of Muslims at various levels, including the institution of media perpetuating the anti-Muslim bias. Within this larger framework of orientalism, othering and intersectionality, this article seeks to the inconsistency in the actual issues faced by women of the community and those defined in the television news media.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-05-31T05:57:31Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221096943
- Unequal Distribution of the State Power, Political Leadership and Regional
Disparities in Odisha-
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Authors: Deepak Kumar Nanda, Bipin Jojo
First page: 97
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
This article critically examines the dynamics of state power and political leadership in connection to the regional disparities of Odisha in a historical and present context, using both historical and empirical data. It finds a pattern of highly dominant, discriminatory and exclusionary politics and leadership. That resulted in regular and frequent control of state power by ‘Brahmin–Karan–Khandayat’ of the eastern region in collaboration with the upper-caste feudal and landlord rulers of the western region. Thus it is argued that the eastern regional upper castes dominated state power derived maximum advantage over the western region in the creation, distribution and utilisation of state resources. On the other hand, the western region has remained under the control of upper-caste feudalists and landlords while by sharing the power with their eastern partners for self-gain but did not do much for the progressive transformation in the redistribution of resources.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-04-08T10:07:23Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221086672
- Unread History of an Erstwhile Manual Scavenging Community: From Being an
Urban to a Marginalized-
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Authors: K. M. Ziyauddin
First page: 115
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
The article is based on an ethnography of community who had been historically manual scavengers in the Bengal Province later even in the state of Bihar and continued until the parliament enacted a law prohibiting this practice. The history of manual scavengers are well written in the context of their rehabilitation and occupational engagements but one community that merely got any attention was Hadi jati (caste), who have been doing the menial job for generations in the Jharkhand region. Off beat, they are referred as Safai Karamchari on the roll of municipal administration for technical purposes but the people living in the town popularly refer them as Hadis. This article is an attempt to bring the historical existence of Hadis in the region who served in the kingdom, royal and feudal families and later, in the independent India, continues in the contemporary urban settlements. An inquiry into the historicity of Hadis brings a sociological insights to a neglected and marginalized section of the urban India and shows the tyranny and continuation of caste-based traditional in a town that could see the earliest public sector steel conglomerate established in 1968. In view of this background, there is a humble attempt to examine the process of marginalization of Hadis in the historical and contemporary social structure.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-06-02T07:55:01Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221094176
- Impact of Liberalisation on Dalit Entrepreneurship
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Authors: Devendra Jarwal, Anju Kahal
First page: 143
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
Indian society is broadly stratified into a caste system that is historically classified on the occupation of a particular class and seeks to enforce the idea of ‘once a labourer always a labourer’. Free market followed after the introduction of the liberalisation policy has eliminated excessive administrative control and social hierarchies. Therefore, it is necessary to ascertain and enquire whether all sections of society have been equally given the chance to seek entrepreneurial opportunities in the liberalised era. For this research, we have carried out a survey on Dalit entrepreneurship, and the significance of our assumptions was tested through the ‘test of signification of attributes’. We conclude that there is a positive impact of the liberalisation policy on the growth of Dalit entrepreneurship, but this has resulted in proliferation in very small business units, which are mainly doing survival activities. Most of the Dalit-owned enterprises were established due to the necessity to survive as they did not get any employment opportunities, and had they have gotten any employment opportunities, they would have been earning more than what they are currently earning through necessity entrepreneurship. We have highlighted the factors augmenting Dalit entrepreneurship that will provide useful information to stakeholders and policymakers to prepare strategies to support entrepreneurship among the marginalised section.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-10-14T11:55:36Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221123112
- Negotiating Stigma: Narratives of Displaced Children of the
Kuki–Naga Ethnic Conf lict-
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Authors: Seilienmang Haokip
First page: 162
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
The Kuki–Naga ethnic conflict of the nineties marked a period of violence and displacement of large number of people. While the literature of this conflict expound the causes and spectacle nature of violence, the less visible impact, including the challenges of displacement and poverty induced by the separation from home, are always ignored. Through in-depth interviews among Kuki youth with childhood experiences of the violence and displacement, this article is an attempt to understand the harsh realities of displaced survivors of the violence and the everyday challenges as they began to rebuild their lives. Childhood memories of participants in the study reveal that stigmatisation of displaced persons imposed a strong degree of obstacle to their adjustment with the difficult transformation imposed by violence and displacement. Against this continuing threat to their daily experiences, this article argues that a strong sense of resilience can be adopted through inter-generational transmission of memories.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-09-28T11:44:52Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221125028
- Dynamics of Transformation of Right to Education in India from Directive
Principle to Fundamental Right: A History of Denial-
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Authors: Ajit Mondal
First page: 177
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
The demand for free and compulsory education in India began more than a century ago. The narration of free and compulsory education during British rule in India was a chequered history of unfulfilled vision. India attained its independence from British rule in 1947. On 26 January 1950 when the Constitution of India came into operation, the constitutional directive for free and compulsory education was under the directive principles as a ‘non-justiciable’ right through Article 45 promising to fulfil within a period of ten years from its commencement. But the state failed to do so for the next 5 decades. Ultimately, the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (Right to Education Act), 2009, came into effect on 1 April 2010, pursuant to the 86th Amendment to the Constitution of India (2002), which mandates elementary education as a fundamental right. India took more than a half-century in evolving free and compulsory education from the directive principle to fundamental right, from ‘justiciable right’ to ‘non-justiciable right’. However, this article intends to analyse the dynamics of transformation of the right to free and compulsory education in India from directive principle to fundamental right in light of the history of persistent denial in the post-Constitutional era. The article also explores what actually happened at the time of framing the Indian Constitution that the right to education was finally shifted from a ‘justiciable right’ to ‘non-justiciable right’ in the final text of the Constitution of India.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-11-03T09:49:48Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221128950
- #Hashtagging Caste Names: Using Facebook to Track Caste Tags Online
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Authors: P. Anantha Raman, V. Ratnamala
First page: 203
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
The caste system enables one group of citizens as dominant another group is oppressed. Tamil Nadu, the so-called Periyar Land, takes pride in dropping caste tags and eliminating caste titles. Verily we have to introspect that we have truly eliminated the caste tags from the public space. India’s majority media is heavily dominated by the upper-caste. Social media provided a new platform for ordinary citizens to share their thoughts. Meanwhile, this modern cyberspace and the public sphere enabled by Facebook are free from caste and caste tags. This study will examine how the dominant castes’ identities are constructed on Facebook. It will also explore how Facebook enables caste solidarity and caste consolidation rather than caste annihilation. It will investigate the caste discourse of three dominant castes, that is, Nadar, Thevar and Vanniyar on Facebook. Netnography will be employed in this study with participant observation focused on online fieldwork. The study focused on the collection of archival data as it used existing messages, rather than having any researcher interaction with the online community. The posts with hashtags #Nadar, #Thevar and #Vanniyar will be analysed using thematic analysis.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-11-09T06:55:51Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221129119
- The Perpetuation of Caste: An Exposition of Merleau-Ponty’s Classic
Text—Humanism and Terror—to Elaborate Buried Possibilities in the
Thought of Ambedkar-
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Authors: Rajesh Sampath
First page: 217
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
In our investigation into the persistence of caste, we attempt to build a preliminary framework of analysis to set the stage for a reading of Ambedkar’s posthumously published, unfinished manuscript, Buddha or Karl Marx. We see an uncanny resemblance between Ambedkar’s mid-twentieth century context in the newly independent democratic society of post-colonial India and that of French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s post-Second World War Western European context and his intriguing attempt to justify communist violence. Ultimately, we argue that although one cannot use one context to understand the other on how to realise a communist revolution within a democratic, industrial capitalist society, there are lessons to be learned from both with regard to problems in the philosophy of history, historical time, and epochal shifts. The ultimate question is whether a new society that has no precedent in either the West or the East and everything in between is imaginable. Ultimately this article sets up the possibility to read Ambedkar’s text while returning to Marx’s (1990) Capital Vol. 1 itself, particularly on the ‘primitive accumulation’. Then we can be in a position to philosophise in the margins and beyond where Ambedkar leaves off on his brief but brilliant essay, Buddha or Karl Marx.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-09-27T08:03:15Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221125426
- (Re)Negotiating Caste Identities: Understanding the Response of the
Balmiki Community during the Colonial Period-
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Authors: Monica Sabharwal
First page: 230
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
The Balmiki community has been the subject of various ethnographical studies. A lot has been written about what it has endured due to its contemptible social positioning. There still remain unexplored sites of struggles and experience, especially from the perspective of Balmikis as social actors. This study is an attempt to analyse and understand their responses to systemic oppression. The focus of the article is to understand the trajectory of the Balmiki community, which while navigating through myriad discourses, is trying to negotiate and renegotiate its identity. I intend to examine its situatedness in the tumultuous sociopolitical climate in Punjab and how it has articulated itself during the colonial period (late 19th century onwards) by placing reliance on colonial records and other literature pertaining to it. This article sheds light on the propensity of the community to reject the dominant values and reaffirm a distinct identity.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-11-08T10:17:50Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221127351
- Politics of Development in Bundelkhand Region of Northern India: Analysing
Role of (Un)Civil Society-
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Authors: Sudhir Kumar Suthar
First page: 245
Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print.
This study is an attempt to understand how development politics followed by the civil society organisations (CSOs) (with special reference to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in India can be analysed in view of the social character of such organisations. The findings of this study are based on field work conducted in the northern Indian region of Bundelkhand. Bundelkhand is an economically underdeveloped, poverty ridden and draught-prone region located in the northern states of Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Madhya Pradesh (MP). The region suffers from deep-rooted social hierarchies and discrimination based on caste. Prevalence of such conditions of underdevelopment has also resulted in the emergence of vibrant CSOs in the region. However, the developmental agenda pursued by these organisations is largely confined to the questions of economic development including poverty alleviation, distribution of benefits of various state policies or raising concerns of depletion of natural resources especially of water scarcity. Larger structural questions of social justice, inclusion or participation of socially marginalised groups, especially of the scheduled castes (SC) and scheduled tribes (ST), have not received adequate attention in the agenda of most of these organisations. This study attempts to argue that what can explain this non-political nature of developmental agenda pursued by these CSOs is the social character of their leadership. A major reason behind the question of representation of social marginalised groups not being the core agenda of development is the continued dominance of social and economically dominant castes in managing these organisations. Though these groups do raise concerns of social equality and justice, it does not form the core agenda of development of the region. The state machinery or international aid agencies continue to work with the dominant sections as the agenda setters, while the representatives of marginalised communities continue to function at the margins of developmental agenda for the region.
Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies
PubDate: 2022-10-03T11:33:51Z
DOI: 10.1177/23944811221127350
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