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Authors:Aysha Malik Pages: 61 - 81 Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Volume 9, Issue 1, Page 61-81, June 2023. The Indian Constitution is devoted to citizen equality and the state’s responsibility to defend, safeguard and ensure minorities’ rights in matters of language, religion and culture. The rewards of every growth process have been evenly distributed among all religious communities. Muslims, who make up the largest minority group in the nation and account for 14.2% of the total population, are particularly behind in terms of the majority of human development indices. Despite the fact that Muslims often feel underprivileged, there has not been a systematic attempt since the country’s independence to examine the situation of its religious minority. The first attempt to describe situations in the community using extensive empirical data is the report of the high-level committee on the social, economic and educational status of Muslims in India, popularly known as the Sachar Committee. It offers the framework for a well-informed discussion about Muslim situations from an equitable perspective. The present study has tried to find out the major problems faced by women who wish to pursue education at school and at higher education institutions. Overall, the major finding of the study revealed that Muslim women have faced a double disadvantage in terms of accessing educational institutions, low educational attainment and low educational quality. Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies PubDate: 2023-06-30T07:23:33Z DOI: 10.1177/23944811231173066 Issue No:Vol. 9, No. 1 (2023)
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Authors:Arunabha Bose Pages: 110 - 128 Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Volume 9, Issue 1, Page 110-128, June 2023. Born out of a cultural conflict and poised as the untouchable ‘other’ to the mainstream literary tradition, Dalit literature has been seen as a genre within modern Indian literature. This study is an attempt to liberate Dalit literature from home-grown nativised aesthetic modes, what Bhalchandra Nemade calls ‘Deshivad’ and to relocate it within a comparative internationalist–global frame. Using theoretical tools of narratology, feminist intersectionality and post-modernism, this study reads Bama’s Sangati (2008), Meena Kandasamy’s The Gypsy Goddess (2014) and P. Sivakami’s The Grip of Change (2015) as sophisticated aesthetic fictions (art) rather than unmediated ideological investments in Dalit experience (life). Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies PubDate: 2023-06-30T07:23:33Z DOI: 10.1177/23944811231175723 Issue No:Vol. 9, No. 1 (2023)
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Authors:Kuldeepsingh Rajput, S. Irudaya Rajan Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print. Despite their contribution in boosting the economy, internal migrants remain invisible to policymakers. The sudden lockdown imposed by the Indian government post-COVID-19 and internal migrants’ unpreparedness created a deplorable and unprecedented situation for them in various cities. The crisis has reinforced the need to understand the dynamics and intersectionality of mobility and the disaggregated database of migrants. It has also called for implementing a comprehensive migration policy for internal workers. To create a credible database, registration of internal migrants should be the first and foremost task for policymakers. To this end, steps have been taken to set up an ‘e-Shram Portal’, an initiative of the central government of India directed by the Supreme Court. This article aims to shed light on the need for identification and registration of internal migrants so that their importance in policymaking is realised and the government could address the challenges involved in the process. Integrating migrants into development is a comprehensive and challenging process. Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies PubDate: 2023-06-16T10:56:20Z DOI: 10.1177/23944811231174827
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Authors:Sheeja Krishnakumar Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print. Transgender individuals, unlike other gender, hardly enjoy the facilities and get opportunities. This study looks into the perception of all genders regarding the discrimination to transgender individuals after amendment in the recent Bill. The responsibility of the media is pondered along with the requirement of the legal support that can reduce the discriminatory attitude. Four hundred and eighty samples were collected. The data were collected using snowball sampling and the tools used for analysis were regression and mediation. Regression was conducted to find out whether the attitude of discrimination is due to mindset, behavioural style or capability. A mediation test was conducted to find the mediation of media or legal support to reduce the discriminating attitude where mind set is the independent variable. The multiple regression analysis revealed that mindset and behavioural style are the causes of discrimination. The mediation test shows that the mediation of media support could reduce the mindset of discriminating attitude. The intervention of the media is required to bring about a change in the negative mindset of society. Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies PubDate: 2023-06-15T10:21:47Z DOI: 10.1177/23944811231172044
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Authors:Sandeep Umap, Niti Jain Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print. Studies on the labour market in India are increasingly debating the issue of caste-based discrimination in employment. However, there are few studies addressing the issue of regular salaried employees in urban labour market, except in the context of reservation policy. Due to the reservation policy, the issue of the representation of the schedule caste, scheduled tribes and other backward class has been addressed to a particular extent. In this context, this article attempts to analyse the status of schedule caste in employment and unemployment, participation in different occupations and industries groups, job security and social security benefits in urban labour market Maharashtra. The descriptive analysis clearly shows that a significant employment difference exists between regular salaried employees belonging to Hindu High Caste (HHC) and Schedule Caste (SC). One of the reasons that comes out for the substantial gap is the higher level of unemployment rate among educated SCs as compared to HHCs. The SCs have less representation in the high earning occupations, but contrary to this, they have high representation in the low wage-earning occupations. The share of informal SCs is high as compared to HHCs in the private sector in the state and NSS regions during 2004–2005 to 2018–2019. Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies PubDate: 2023-06-15T10:21:28Z DOI: 10.1177/23944811231176988
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Authors:Manjur Ali Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print. Dr B. R. Ambedkar dreamt of a society based on modern liberal ideals of ‘Liberty, Equality and Fraternity’, throughout his life. To translate his dream into a reality, Dr Ambedkar strove harder to put ‘Depressed Classes’ under the ‘Minority’ category. While arguing in favour of his argument, he put forth the socio-economic status of Dalit before the Southborough Committee in 1919. After a long struggle, he was able to achieve constitutional safeguards for dalits. Dr Ambedkar had roped in all the principles into India’s Constitution in the post-independence period to peaceful social revolution. However, after independence protection of Dalit came under the Scheduled Castes category. Nonetheless, his epistemological origin and engagement with the minority as an ‘idea’ and creating favourable space within the democratic political structure has been still relevant. This article has engaged with Dr Ambedkar’s idea of minorities and their political and economic welfare in a communal majoritarian polity. To operationalise the ideas, this article has discussed the implementation of the constitutional promise of ‘rights’ in the case of Muslims. The article also looks at successive governments’ approaches vis-a-vis Muslims’ development to ascertain the trajectory of policies. Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies PubDate: 2023-06-05T07:39:13Z DOI: 10.1177/23944811231166131
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Authors:Rakshita Singh, Pankaj Singh Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print. Caste-class nexus, a discourse which never gets old in a highly stratified country like India. Within every level of stratification, a dominant caste had formed its class and a mechanism for discrimination within caste and social groups. From the 1950s onwards in India, voting and identity politics played a crucial role in the strong caste-class phenomenon. This discourse had forced some caste groups to remain at the bottom of the hierarchy, and one such caste is Musahar. They are one of the most discriminated social groups, a marginalised dalit caste, (dalit among dalits), officially ex-untouchables, sufferers of extreme poverty, hunger and malnutrition and commonly known by the name ‘Musa-har’, which means rat-eaters, they are primarily found in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Among the dalit fold, they are at the lowest rung of the caste hierarchy mostly agricultural labourers. This article is an ethnographic study conducted in four villages in Jaunpur district. This article will be focused on the sociopolitical and cultural aspects of the Musahar in their day-to-day lives. A section of this article is dedicated to the identity crisis among Musahar castes occurring as a result of their lower sociopolitical position in the caste hierarchy. After the pandemic, the socioeconomic status of Musahar is more deteriorated due to the unavailability of essential services in their locality, and a section of this article assessed the implementation of government policies before and after the pandemic. Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies PubDate: 2023-06-05T07:36:14Z DOI: 10.1177/23944811231175976
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Authors:Rajesh Raushan Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print. The study examined effect of domestic violence (DV) on pregnancy intendedness among pregnant women across geographical regions in India. Using fourth wave of National Family Health Survey data, the study is confined to experience of physical/sexual violence within 12 months preceding the survey. Close to 6% of the women were found pregnant with high in the central region. Among them, 12% were having unintended pregnancy (UIP), with highest in the central (17.4%) region. UIP found 7% higher among victims of DV compared to those who did not face it (11%). Significantly, regional variation is much persisting as the regions having high prevalence of DV are also at an increased risk of UIP which hampers the notion of dignified reproductive rights. This needs region-specific policy and programme. Study push for interventions on minimising DV and reducing burden of high UIP in regions of India. Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies PubDate: 2023-06-01T06:25:14Z DOI: 10.1177/23944811231164240
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Authors:Vinod Kumar Mishra, Khalid Khan Abstract: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies, Ahead of Print. Equal and non-discriminatory access to housing is imperative to ensure right to housing for all. Inter-group inequality in access to housing continues to persist in both rural and urban areas in India. Housing is the highest household expenditure for a majority of households. Marginalised social groups experience discrimination in access to housing: both rental and owned. Despite having affordability, equal access to housing is denied for marginalised social groups. This article attempts to understand the inter-group inequality in access to housing based on NSSO 76th round, 2018. The article also measures the role of discrimination in denial of equal access to housing for marginalised social groups based on the decomposition analysis. The results of the article indicate that apart from income and other economic variables, discrimination based on social group identity determines the access to quality of housing. In comparison to dominant social groups, scheduled caste and religious minority households have lower access to good quality of housing despite similar incomes. Citation: Journal of Social Inclusion Studies PubDate: 2023-06-01T06:24:15Z DOI: 10.1177/23944811231169194
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