 Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- Geopolitics and geoeconomics in funding humanitarian mine action - the
case of Angola
Abstract: As a result of forty years of armed conflict, Angola is today among the eight countries in the world with the highest contamination of landmines and other Explosive Remnants of War (ERWs). Since 1994, a number of international donors supported humanitarian mine clearance with varying amounts and for varying periods as part of their foreign policy agenda. The study finds that, as it is generally true in the case of foreign policy and aid, international mine action support is closely linked to underlying geopolitical considerations. Given Angola’s natural resource wealth and market potentials, geoeconomics also plays an important role in funding decisions, particularly for influential powers like the United States and Japan, but not (yet') for China, for instance.
PubDate: 2022-10-24T00:00:00+00:00
- Toward querying the national peril of kidnapping in Nigeria
Abstract: In Nigeria, the dynamics of kidnapping is framed in complexities. There are different types of kidnapping going on within the country ranging from resource-based kidnapping to political kidnapping and terrorist-based kidnapping (Agbaje, 2020; Onduku, 2011). While some are based on agitations for political and economic recognition, others are based on the need for compulsory recruitment by insurgents and terrorists. Existing gaps in the literature are demanding urgent attention from researchers and policymakers. This paper focuses on the need to look into the recent sporadic kidnappings in contemporary Nigeria to project sustainable solutions for them. This paper relies solely on secondary sources of data for its analysis. The paper concludes that a viable solution to the kidnapping problem in Nigeria depends mainly on full recognition of all forms of kidnapping in the country while strategically addressing them.
PubDate: 2022-10-23T00:00:00+00:00
- . Operational risk factors and the sustainability of small and medium
manufacturing enterprises in South Africa
Abstract: In South Africa, the success of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) is essential in developing the economy as these businesses are known as drivers of economic growth. However, these SMEs have a high failure rate, mainly caused by operational risks. According to Scholarly literature, operational risk is any event that disrupts the normal flow of business processes. It generates financial loss or damage due to operational risk factors: people, process, system and external events. It was further established in South Africa that when these operational risk factors are not controlled, they can adversely impact the sustainability of SMEs. Most of these manufacturing enterprises do not implement operational risk management as they consider it a privilege of large enterprises. These Manufacturing companies must implement operational risk management to mitigate potential threats. This research study aims to investigate the operational risk factors affecting Manufacturing SMEs' sustainability in the Cape Metropole. Quantitative data was acquired from 85 respondents (managers/or owners) of Manufacturing SMEs in the Cape Metropole. Based on the results, it was found that all four of these operational risk factors still affect the sustainability of these business entities. To deal with these operational risk factors effectively, SMEs need operational risk management to identify, minimise and mitigate risks that negatively affect their sustainability.
PubDate: 2022-10-22T00:00:00+00:00
- Locating crime in the field of sustainability: a bibliometric mapping on
"sustainability and crime" from 1995 – 2022
Abstract: . Emerging as a field of study and paradigm shifts parallel to the societal changes are inherited consequences of social sciences. Criminology, as a field of study, originated from sociology and developed as a particular field of study, later initiating sub-disciplines within the subject. Moreover, moving back and forth in the criminological evolution, multidisciplinary research connected the crimes with indirectly related fields and generated more total outputs to emphasize the ultimate goal of criminology, "crime control and prevention". Identifying crimes within the area of sustainability is vairy. Discussions of crime prevention as improving quality of life, locating different criminal activities within Sustainable Development Goals (SDG.s), and using SDG.s for crime prevention are among the ample dialogues. This study reviews the literature on sustainability and crime with VOSviewer, a bibliometric visualizing software.
PubDate: 2022-10-20T00:00:00+00:00
- Productivity impulses from regional integration: lessons from road
openings
Abstract: In recent years, assessment of wider economic impacts has become an integrated part of transportation appraisal in many developed countries. The practices have also spread to sparsely populated countries, for which the empirical evidences for such impacts remain thin. In this paper, we conduct a multi-level examination on productivity impulses of regional integration caused by road constructions in Coastal Southern Norway. We measure market access in the national road network by power and exponential distance decay, using local estimates for the distance decay parameters from Holmen (2022a) in our baseline specifications. Our endogeneity test and earlier studies suggest that productivity analyses of impulses from Norwegian road constructions do not suffer from reverse causality. Still, we operate with buffer zones of twenty traveling kilometers around each receiver of impulses from market access, where traveling times are held constant. Total factor productivity is pre-estimated, before the impacts of increased market access are assessed at firm and industry level. We find some indications of more commuting and regional industry restructuring subsequent to road openings. The most striking evidences are nevertheless that the openings neither appear to have enhanced productivity growth at firm level nor induced welfare-enhancing reallocation of factor inputs within or between local industries.
PubDate: 2022-10-10T00:00:00+00:00
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