Abstract: The concept of circular bioeconomy or bio-based circular economy is an integrated concept of circular economy and bioeconomy. In other words, it alludes to a systematic approach to economic growth that makes use of cascading biomass production from biological resources. In order to fulfil the objectives of sustainable development and the circular bioeconomy in Egypt, it is recommended that the bioeconomy be focused on as an economy of societal value in this article. It also discusses future directions and actions that can be used in this regard. This paper presents the current situation of the development of circular bioeconomy in Egypt and discuss future directions and measures that can be exploited and recommends focusing on the bioeconomy as an economy of societal value, enabling the achievement of the goals of sustainable development and the circular bioeconomy. Although there is no specific strategy for the bioeconomy, there are numerous government initiatives aiming to benefit from it in the future. PubDate: 2023-03-15T00:00:00+00:00
Abstract: Acceleration of scientific and technical progress, speeding up of technological changes, IT process globalisation and integration of OT processes invoked new challenges in preparing cyber strategies. Issues with adapting strategy for a particular specificity, region and specific cyber-attacks are not applicable. Therefore, a natural need arises to adjust the process for future cyber-attacks. It should be noted that the vast majority of organisations still need to possess a strategy that has been developed in correlation with future cyber-attacks. A part of organisations, irrespective of the lack of methodology and necessary infrastructure at the initial stage, commenced applying strategic management methods as a more dynamic environment demanded adequate changes in the cyber security within the organisation itself. The organisation started to plan such changes because, at the initial stage of the strategic management theory development, the strategy was understood as a plan drawn up to achieve the set objectives, regardless of the future need. Implementing such strategic procedures is grounded on something other than scientific calculations and is often associated with excessive use of funds. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to determine how much the r-Interdiction Median Problem with Fortification (RIMF) module can be used as a model for deciding methods for protecting critical infrastructure systems. PubDate: 2023-03-12T00:00:00+00:00
Abstract: Theory and evidence suggest that a city owes its existence to an agglomeration benefit. An investment in urban transportation infrastructure may increase this benefit. While some years ago the agglomeration benefit of urban transportation was just a vague idea, recently its size has been estimated and the idea has gained concreteness and respectability. However, the theoretical literature has emphasized the agglomeration benefit that arises through immigration and higher population, while the empirical literature has emphasized the benefit that arises from effective density at constant population. A third strand of the literature has discussed transportation of goods. We bring together these theoretical and empirical literatures, and discuss which agglomeration benefits and costs are relevant for major categories of urban passenger and freight transport investment. PubDate: 2023-03-08T00:00:00+00:00
Abstract: The article aims to present a general outlook of the ongoing peacekeeping operations of the most important international, European and African military and civilian organizations. Peacekeeping has become very important after the independence of African countries because of the continuous conflicts that devastate the war-torn continent. The establishments taking part in this effort include the United Nations, NATO, the European Union and the African Union. After giving a general picture of the nature of the peacekeeping operations, the article goes on one by one each of the organizations to describe their role and participation in the recent peacekeeping activities that characterize the world's landscape now. In the end, the author assesses the situation, gives a comprehensive conclusion and provides some future aspects that he thinks will be probable in the forthcoming years regarding peacekeeping attitudes. PubDate: 2023-02-25T00:00:00+00:00
Abstract: This paper addresses the linkages between research and development (R&D) and innovation on the one hand and the socioeconomic impact of research, development and innovation (RDI) on the other hand. More specifically, the paper suggests a two-stage methodology directed to analyse the performance of RDI in business enterprises and assess their development impact. A conceptual four-dimensional model and an integrated analytical framework were developed. This approach is complemented by the development of a statistical survey mainly designed to generate appropriate indicators for analysing the vital role of RDI in business enterprises. The survey results revealed several analytical points as well as specific imbalances of RDI system in business enterprises that need to be addressed by policymakers. Furthermore, the analytical results stress the need for Egyptian business enterprises to enhance and diversify their cooperation with other RDI-producing institutions to benefit from comparative advantages and improve the quality of RDI outputs. PubDate: 2023-02-25T00:00:00+00:00
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