 Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- Disability and land access in Zimbabwe’s fast track land reform
programme-
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Authors: Fulton Mangwanya; Charity Manyeruke
Abstract: The subject of access to land in Zimbabwe remains an important issue to address equality and equity in land access and utilisation. However, access to the land resource by people with disabilities is outstanding. The main objective of this study was to investigate if people with disabilities were considered under the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) in Zimbabwe. Literature review on land reform in Zimbabwe was done and data were collected through Purposive Sampling (8 out of 10 provinces) and Key Informant Interviews (n=62). 95% of key informants said people with disabilities did not benefit from the FTLRP/Jambanja. We conclude that persons with a disability had lesser chances of being allocated land as compared to their counterparts without disabilities. There is a need for a policy-driven affirmative action by the government of Zimbabwe to empower and protect people with disabilities on access to land capital.
PubDate: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
- The apology of Jacob Zuma : implications for political trust
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Authors: Mlungisi Phakathi
Abstract: This article analyses the testimony of former President Jacob Zuma, given at the Zondo Commission of Inquiry into State Capture. It focuses on the revelations of the former President and their possible implications for political trust in South Africa. It uses a framework by Francis Fukuyama (1995), who argues that trust or social capital is an important factor in achieving collaboration and prosperity in society. The article argues that the revelations of the former President will possibly affect trust negatively. They have the potential to affect trust among members within the African National Congress (ANC), people's trust of the ANC, the trust of the private sector, the office of the Public Protector and the media by the ANC and the general public. The paper argues that it will be difficult to grow South Africa together in a trust deficient environment.
PubDate: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
- Oil price fluctuation, macroeconomic indicators and poverty in Nigeria
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Authors: Osmond Chigozie Agu; Phocenah Nyatanga
Abstract: The fluctuations in the oil price over the years have created uncertainties and unsustainability of economic growth, and these have reinforced poverty through several channels, especially in developing economies. This study explored the impact of oil price movement and other macroeconomic indicators on poverty in Nigeria between 1980 and 2018. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimating technique was utilized to investigate both the short run and long run impact of oil price fluctuations on the poverty rate in Nigeria. The estimation results show that oil price volatility has a positive and statistically significant effect on poverty rate both in the short run and in the long run. The estimation results also shows that interest rates and growth in gross domestic product have a statistically significant and positive effect on poverty rate in Nigeria. The study therefore concluded that though Nigeria is experiencing economic growth, the growth is not inclusive. The study therefore recommends that the Nigerian government diversify, attract and encourage investors into the other sectors of the economy that are less susceptible to oil price fluctuations as alternative sources of income. It is also recommended that the monetary authorities efficiently use the interest rates in times of oil price movements to ensure that economic growth is not compromised, hence reducing the incidence of poverty in Nigeria.
PubDate: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
- Economic and philosophical pathways to subjective well-being and a
flourishing good life : an exploratory perspective-
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Authors: Darma Mahadea; Irrshad Kaseeram
Abstract: The search for happiness is a universal human goal. We all want to be happy and lead a flourishing life of endeavor with fruitful relationships, free from worries and afflictions. However, not all of us are happy, despite growth in personal income over time. Subjective well-being has traditionally been in the realm of philosophy, suggesting that happiness, as the only ultimate purpose of life, is underpinned by virtuosity and moral principles. In recent times, happiness has attracted the attention of economists and researchers in other disciplines too. Psychology indicates that certain personality attributes are critical for higher happiness levels. Economic reasoning suggests that rising incomes with economic growth and good health enhance quality of life and subjective well-being. This paper takes on an interdisciplinary exploratory approach to examining happiness. It examines the economic and non-economic influences on the human life satisfaction and assesses the role of government to enhance well-being and happiness. The paper introduces the philosophical influence of the mode of action, goodness as an alternative individual approach to a good life and lasting happiness, and complements this with a panel regression analysis, reflecting that rising income per head, freedom, healthy life expectancy conditions and income inequalities are significant economic factors influencing happiness in a society. For citizens’ higher happiness levels, policy-makers should therefore promote economic growth with which rising income per capita is associated, ensure good health care conditions and minimize income inequalities.
PubDate: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
- Community development practice strategies for instilling the value of the
institution of family : perceptions of academics at Howard College-
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Authors: Mkhize Sazi; Z. Nobahle Edmore Ntini
Abstract: Too often literature on community development strategies presents general strategies used by practitioners as agencies of change in communities they practice in. This paper analyses at the collapse of the family institution as a community challenge that needs to be addressed using the community development approach. The aim is to generate knowledge on strategies that can be used for instilling the value of the institution of the family. The objective is to describe academics perceptions of strategies that can be used for instilling the value of the institution of the family. The paper uses a qualitative case study of Social Science university lectures to explore specific strategies that could be used to restore the way communities should value the institution of family. In-depth interviews were conducted on a sample of six lecturers selected from three departments. The paper identified nine strategies for restoring respect and valuing the family institution in communities, namely, communication forums and religious institutions strategies; curriculum and media strategies; access to resources and job opportunities strategy; resource person strategy; family resilience strategy; family well-being intervention and preservation strategy and the empathy strategy. The study recommends a pro-family curriculum change in universities and colleges. An improved collaboration between the Department of Social Services and the Department of Correctional Services in matters concerning families is recommended. Development nongovernmental organisations can play a big role in family education. Lastly, the media can be used as a strategy to restore the respect of the institution of the family.
PubDate: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
- The dynamics of corporate and local complicities in environmental
pollution in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria-
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Authors: Ogbuagu C. Chukwu; Abiodun Omotayo Oladejo
Abstract: The Niger Delta region of Nigeria has a sad history of environmental pollution from gas flaring, gas blowouts, oil spills and oil well fires. These have made life and livelihood very difficult for the people of the region. The most prominent view on this matter is that oil companies’ negligence and un-circumspect oil and gas business are responsible for the problem. However, some current arguments have advanced that some local people have on their own been destroying their own environment. This paper therefore sought to evaluate the degree of complicity of stakeholders in the environmental woes facing the region. Using political ecology as theoretical thrust, the study adopted qualitative techniques namely content analysis and focus group discussion as methods of inquiry. The findings of the study revealed that oil multinationals and government – with its agencies – are the real culprits, and that oil bunkering – discontenting - activities by members of the host communities that result in environmental pollution are infinitesimally inconsequential compared to the damage being done by oil companies and government. What this implies is that the responsibility to salvage the situation overwhelmingly rests on oil multinationals and government. They both need to collaborate with oil producing communities to find a mutually acceptable way of exploiting the region’s resources in a way that fully recognises the need to protect the environment and ensure the rights of the people of the region.
PubDate: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
- Media channels and their potency in portraying gender based violence
against women among Uitenhage Residents in the Eastern Cape Province of
South Africa-
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Authors: Olawumi Kate Oladimeji; Oluyinka Osunkunle
Abstract: The media plays a central role in informing the public about what happens in the world while it is also criticised for its portrayal roles at times as in the case of gender based violence. However, there are various mass media channels which are used to keep the audience informed. This study therefore examines the awareness of these channels amongst residents of Uitenhage, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa as well as comparing their views on the extent to which these media channels expose them to gender based violence. Mixed method research approach was employed and questionnaires were subsequently distributed to collect data from the respondents. In addition, one focus group discussion was conducted in the same community. Findings revealed that the residents are more aware of social media and broadcast media and their portrayal of gender-based violence. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by highlighting the role of the media and its various channels in portraying this global menace called gender based violence and its influence on people in Uitenhage.
PubDate: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
- Cost implications of the 2018 student violent protests at the University
of Venda-
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Authors: Ishmael Obaeko Iwara; Kingsley Ekene Amaechi, Rendani Tshifhumulo Beata Kilonzo
Abstract: Over the past few years, student violent protest has been widely celebrated in many universities in South Africa. University of Venda is not an exception. At some point, student protest was cultured in the sense that it has consistently occurred at certain periods annually, in different universities across South Africa. It seems, these protests are organised without consideration of their socio-economic implications on the universities , the students and the universities’ hosting communities. Apparently, the perpetrators of protests may have little or no knowledge about the remnants such action resonates. This provides the impetus for this paper, which uses the 2018 students’ violent protests at the university of Venda, to provide insight into consequences of students’ violent protest, from the socio-economic point of view. Theoretically, it draws on Waters, Hyder, Rajkotia, Basu, and Butchart’s (2005) understanding of the consequences of youth violence, which looks at the effects of violence beyond personal harm. A mixed research design method was followed. Staff and students were interrogated on the concern using a self-developed semi-structured and structured questionnaires. Qualitative analysis was performed using Atlas ti v8. Mean ranks of three factors that emerged revealed that economic cost (42.5%) amassed the highest followed by academic cost (31.5%) and health cost (26%). To mitigate subsequent protest, the management should facilitate open dialogues on student-related challenges. Elected student representatives should be subjected to leadership skills training. The study also recommends further strengthening of security measures, as a way to discourage students’ protests that takes a violent path.
PubDate: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
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