 Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- POLITICAL COMMUNICATION AND TRADITIONAL MEDIA – AN INSEPARABLE
CONNECTION
Authors: Neven Obradović
Pages: 001 - 013
Abstract: Mass media have completely changed the way politicians and voters communicate. Communication within political parties, membership activism, party discipline and respect for hierarchy have become less important, because the media play a central role in the dissemination of political information, in political education, and also in the process of persuading the masses to do certain things. According to Zoran Slavujević (2009), contemporary politics is actually an organized media phenomenon that is planned and implemented for and through cooperation with the media. In this paper, the author elaborates on the relationship between political communication and traditional media, showing its historical development, but also contemporary concepts of this inseparable connection. The press, radio and television were created at different periods of time, but each of these media changed the rules of political communication and set new standards. Although many theorists predicted the end of their predecessors with the appearance of each of these media, each of them adapted to new circumstances and survived to this day. Recognizing the power of political communication through mass media, political subjects accepted the concept of politics based on the standards set by the media.
PubDate: 2023-06-23
DOI: 10.22190/FUPSPH2301001O
- GENDER DIFFERENCES IN VOCATIONAL INTERESTS ACROSS THREE BALKAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Vladimir Hedrih
Pages: 015 - 028
Abstract: The main objective of the study was to examine gender differences in vocational interests across three neighboring Balkan countries – Bulgaria, North Macedonia, and Serbia. Vocational interests were operationalized through the spherical model of vocational interests and Holland’s RIASEC circumplex model. The study reanalyzed data from previously published studies that collected vocational interest data from these countries. Participants of the study were 2536 young people, bachelor students in case of Bulgaria and North Macedonia and young people, with a high proportion of students, in the case of Serbia. They completed the Personal Globe Inventory. The results showed large gender differences along the People-Things dimension with Cohen’s d values ranging between 1.34 and 1.5 in the three country subsamples. Males tended to have higher preferences for jobs and activities that involved working with things than females, while females tended to have higher preferences for jobs and activities involving working with people than males. A substantial difference, but of smaller magnitude, was found in all three countries on the vocational interest dimension of Prestige, with females having higher scores than men. This difference came partly from higher preferences of women for high prestige jobs compared to men, but to a much greater extent from a much lower preference of women for low prestige jobs and activities compared to men. Comparisons were also made on vocational interest types and the largest differences found corresponded to those found in other world countries.
PubDate: 2023-06-23
DOI: 10.22190/FUPSPH2301015H
- SOME PREDICTORS OF ANTI-FAT PREJUDICES: JOINT ROLE OF GENDER, BODY
SELF-CONFIDENCE, AND BMI
Authors: Ana Jovančević
Pages: 029 - 042
Abstract: The main aim of this study was to check the role of Gender, BMI, and Body self-esteem in the prediction of anti-fat prejudices. The sample was a convenience one and included 311 members of the student population, both sexes, with an average age of 20 years (M = 20.39, SD = 2.58). There were 122 men (39.2%) and 189 women (60.8%). The following instruments were used: Explicit Anti-Fat Attitudes (AFA; Crandall, 1994) and the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA; Mendelson et al., 2001). The Body mass index (BMI) was operationalized by asking respondents for data on their height and weight and calculating their BMI. The data were analyzed using JAMOVI and linear regression. The gender of the respondents, their BMI, and Body self-esteem were predictors, while dimensions of anti-fat prejudices (Dislike, Fear of fat, and Willpower) were criterion variables. The results show that all three regression models were statistically significant. The explained percentage of variance for Dislike was 13.8%, for Fear of fat 18.4%, and for Willpower 19.7%. The results suggest that women are more afraid of gaining weight, while men tend to have higher scores on Dislike towards individuals suffering from obesity and are more prone to believing that individuals suffering from obesity do not have enough Willpower to change. BMI is also a significant predictor, but Body self-esteem is more important than BMI, and Attribution is the only dimension of Body self-esteem whose higher scores are connected to higher levels of prejudices.
PubDate: 2023-06-23
DOI: 10.22190/FUPSPH2301029J
- ROLE OF RELIGIOSITY IN PREDICTING THE FEAR OF DEATH
Authors: Marija Todosijević
Pages: 043 - 057
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine if religiosity, involving dimensions such as ideology, intellect, experience, private and public practice, is related to fear of death and to test if it has a role in predicting its dimensions, which are fear of death and dying of self, and fear of death and dying of others. The predictive values of the control variables (gender, age) were also tested. The data was collected using the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale – Revised (CLFODS-R; Lester & Abdel-Khalek, 2003) and The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS-15; Huber & Huber, 2012) on a sample of 735 participants, both male (N=214) and female (N=521), aged 18-70 (M=35.62, SD=11.23). When it comes to predicting fear of death using the hierarchical regression analysis, gender and age were included in the first step in every model, while religiosity dimensions were included in the second step of all the analyses. All the models were statistically significant. The results of the hierarchical regression analysis showed that significant predictors of fear of death of self in the first step (R2=.065, F(2,732)=25.611, p=.000) were age (β=-.155, p=.000) and gender (β=.226, p=.000), and in the second (R2=.087, F(7,727)=9.914, p=.000) gender (β=.213, p=.000), age (β=-.134, p=.000), and religious experience (β=.171, p=.011). Gender was the only significant predictor of fear of dying of self in the first (β=.234, p=.000; R2=.056, F(2,732)=21.774, p=.000), and in the second step ((β=.237, p=.000; R2=.061, F(7,727)=6.786, p=.000). Significant predictors of fear of death of others in the first step (R2=.087, F(2,732)=34.956, p=.000) were gender (β=.293, p=.000) and age (β=-.097, p=.006), and in the second (R2=.112, F(7,727)=13.118, p=.000) gender (β=.266, p=.000), age (β=-.094, p=.011), intellect (β=-.144, p=.001), and experience (β=.147, p=.027). A significant predictor of fear of dying of others in the first step (R2=.081, F(2,732)=32.077, p=.000) was gender (β=.283, p=.000). In the second step (R2=.100, F(7,727)=11.574, p=.000) significant predictors were gender (β=.256, p=.000), intellect (β=-.147, p=.001), and experience (β=.152, p=.023). There are differences regarding the level of fear of death when groups of non-religious, moderately, and highly religious respondents are compared, where moderately religious respondents expressed higher fear of death of self than non-religious ones (F(2,732)=16.149, p=.000), while highly religious respondents expressed the lowest fear of dying of self, when compared to moderately and non-religious respondents (F(2,732)=8.044, p=.000). Based on the results obtained it could be said that religiosity, more precisely its components intellect and experience, gender and age are significant predictors of fear of death. Further research is advised.
PubDate: 2023-06-23
DOI: 10.22190/FUPSPH2301043T
- TRACES OF SERBIAN NATIONAL-ECCLESIAL AUTONOMY IN THE HABSBURG MONARCHY IN
SEVERAL DOCUMENTS FROM BAČKA AT THE TIME OF THE 1730S UPRISING
Authors: Aleksa Popović
Pages: 059 - 068
Abstract: The history of the Serbian people in the Habsburg Monarchy during the 18th century was marked by the struggle for the preservation of national-ecclesial autonomy, developed on the basis of the Privileges of Emperor Leopold I issued in the period from 1690 to 1695. The position of the people was influenced, more than the authorities of the Metropolitanate, by the territorial authorities. In the first half of the 18th century, frequent malversation by the lords, Chamber officials, and military authorities led to numerous paysans, and especially militars' rebellions. In this place, on the basis of sources and relevant literature, the question of the jurisdiction of the lowest authorities is discussed, using the concrete example of the uprising in Bačka during the 1730s. It can be seen that local authorities did not have executive authority, but only certain judicial authority within the community or, based on Privileges, they could address petitions to the Court. Also, it is noticeable that in all the actions of the Metropolitanate of Belgrade and Karlovci, they attempted to never violate Serbian privileges, as a higher interest, but to maintain their privileged status as much as possible.
PubDate: 2023-06-23
DOI: 10.22190/FUPSPH2301059P
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