 Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- Cognitive and emotional factors in sexuality of women with breast cancer:
an ex-ploratory study-
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Abstract: Agnese Ruggiero, Stefano Magno, Laura Agostini, Annalisa Di Micco, Claudia Maggiore, Bianca Maria De Cesaris, Roberta Rossi, Chiara Simonelli, Filippo Maria Nimbi
Breast cancer represents the most common malignant cancer in the female population and it is the cancer with the highest mortality in the world’s female population. It has been shown in the literature that women with breast cancer are more likely to develop sexual dysfunction than healthy women; women with breast cancer often develop difficulties in their body image and feminility, because cancer affects a secondary sex organ. The aim of current study was to explore the relationship between sexual dysfunction and cognitive or emotional factors in women with breast cancer, in particular we investigated the construct of alexi-thymia, cognitive schemas, automatic thoughts and sexual dysfunctional beliefs. The study was conducted on 156 women, divided in two groups: 60 women with breast cancer and 96 healthy women. The women of the clinical group have been recruited in the departments of senological oncology and integrated therapies of the Policlinico Agostino Gemelli in Rome and the women of the control group were randomly extrapolated from the database of the Clinical Sexology Institute (ISC) of Rome. All women completed 4 self-report questionnaire: Questionnaire of Cog-nitive Schema Activation in Sexual Context (QCSASC), Sexual Dysfunctional Be-liefs Questionnaire (SBDQ), Sexual Modes Questionnaire (SMQ) to explore cogni-tive factors and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) to assess emoctional as-pects. MANCOVA statistical analysis was used to highlight statistically significant differences between the two groups; the covariates included were age, level of ed-ucation and relational situation. Also it was used the Chi2 test for frequencies. Analysis of the data shows that women with breast cancer have higher levels of alexithymia and more dysfunc-tional beliefs in the sexual sphere than healthy women. Regarding to sexual be-liefs, women in the clinical group perceive feelings as very important during sexual activity and consider the advancement of the chronological age a negative ele-ment for the sexual sphere. Previous research shows that also women with sexual dysfunction believe that aging negatively affects sexuality; therefore this beliefs seems to be common to women with breast cancer and women with sexual dys-function. In women with breast cancer, this dysfunctional belief could be empha-sized by the iatrogenic induction of menopause. Regarding to alexithymia, women with breast cancer show higher scores in the subscale "difficult to identifying feeling" and "externally-oriented thinking". These results are partly in line with current literature, infact some studies have shown that women with breast cancer have more difficult to identify their feelings than healthy women, while according to other research there aren’t significant differ-ences in the alexithymia construct between women with breast cancer and healthy women. Finally in the questionnaires assessing automatic thoughts and cognitive schema there aren’t significant differences between clinical and control group. Fu-ture research could contribute to a better understanding of the role of cognitive and emotional aspects on the sexuality in women with breast cancer; prevention and treatment of sexual dysfunction and quality of life of women with breast cancer could be improved. The study has some limitation such as lack of previous scientific studies; this gap partially compromises the quality of the discussion of data emerged by the study and urges us to conduct further research, since this information could im-prove quality of life and health sex of women with cancer. Also the length of the protocol represents a limitation of the study, as it may have altered the reliability of the results; furthermore the research protocol is based exclusively on self-report questionnaires. Finally, there are significant differences related to age, educational level and relationship situation between two groups; however, to limit this problem, these variables have been included as covariates in MANCOVA statistical analysis.
PubDate: Wed, 15 Jun 2021 8:00:00 GMT
- Sexual abuse and complex PTSD: the effects of chronic traumatic stress on
the immune system. Intervention strategies-
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Abstract: Rebecca Eibenstein, Adele Fabrizi
This paper shows the main features of complex PTSD in the context of sexual abuse and the impact that this disease, with the consequent chronic stress condi-tion, may have on the traumatized patient, in particular on the immune system. The immune system has the ability to react in different ways to different stimuli. Moreover, learning and memory ability are demonstrated, showing how this sys-tem is intrinsecally connected to the environment. There is a growing evidence that the different response patterns of the immune system do not depend only on the type of stimulus (for example, virus, bacteria), but also on the microenvironment and on the general condition of the whole physiology, and therefore on the psy-chological stress too. Thus, it is clear how the immune system is able to interact with the nervous system and consequently with mental and relational phenomena. The chronic psychological stress observed in those who have suffered by cumula-tive interpersonal trauma may be considered an important factor with a negative effect on the immune system function and may lead to a dysregulation of the immune response that is the basis of many pathologies in which the immune sys-tem has a key role. Furthermore, a shift in the autonomic nervous system of vic-tims exposed to sexual abuse has been detected, so that they have an hyperac-tivated visceral system that sends a continuous threatening feedback. This condi-tion also has severe consequences on interactive and social capabilities, with a se-vere impact on the psychophysical well-being of the person. For this reason, it is necessary to develop interventions based on a multidisciplinary and biopsychoso-cial approach that could help the traumatized people both to retune autonomic state to enable spontaneus social engagement and trust, and to heal the emotional and somatic components of the traumatic experience.
PubDate: Wed, 15 Jun 2021 8:00:00 GMT
- Love addiction today: conceptualization, assessment and treatment
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Abstract: Paolo Antonelli, Marco Fortunati, Gioele Salvatori, Daniel Giunti
This paper aims to present the current state of the art about love addiction, an obsessive and exasperated form of love towards a romantic partner, compromis-ing one’s own wellbeing. The first part concerns the definition, phenomenology and prevalence of the above mentioned condition. The main theories regarding love addiction nosographic conceptualization are discussed therein, as well as sev-eral diagnostic considerations to differentiate it from similar pathologies. The sec-ond part of the paper outlines the main hypotheses about love addiction etiology, the measures that are most commonly used for its assessment and the treatment options that have been proposed so far. Overall, it should be noted that even though love addiction has been discussed for a long time, the academic literature appears to be fragmented and unclear, which is to be considered, according to this paper authors, the main limit to overcome in order to effectively help out those who suffer from such condition.
PubDate: Wed, 15 Jun 2021 8:00:00 GMT
- Menstruations and sexual behaviour: the mirror of a taboo-engraved society
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Abstract: Francesca Greco, Roberta Rossi
Among the taboos that exist on menstruation, one of the most rooted is to have sex during menstruation, the so-called menstrual sex. The prejudice on men-strual sex has a bio-psychosocial origin, consequently only a 360° analysis of the phenomenon can help to understand and remove the origins of this taboo. Initially the psychological aspects of the woman are considered: how she expe-riences and conceives menstruation and consequently if she practices menstrual sex. Subsequently, the modifications in the hormonal profile, which physical char-acteristics change in her body during the menstrual flow, and how these affect sexual intercourse during those days are examined. The last part offers a discus-sion of how different cultures stigmatize menstruation and menstrual sex and hin-der their practice. There are no contraindications to menstrual sex, indeed there are benefits that increase the psychophysical well-being of the woman, and strengthen the couple’s bond. Alongside the predominant vision of "protection" according to which the woman must conceal menstruation, it is appearing and becoming more emerging the idea of menstrual flow as something more "natural" which as such does not imply changes in the routine of the woman’s life. Therefore, if menstrual blood can be shown shamelessly and all the usual activities can be done in those days, it will also become easy to consider menstrual sex simple and spontaneous. From a broader perspective, it is understood that the elimination of this taboo not only serves to restore naturalness to the phenomenon of menstruation, but it also constitutes an important step towards gender equality. In the future, the hope is that a freer debate will develop, that scientific and psychological research will deepen this area and that taboos and inequalities linked to just being a woman can be overcome.
PubDate: Wed, 15 Jun 2021 8:00:00 GMT
- Sexual desire and erotic fantasies, differences between women with
different sex-ual orientations: an explorative study-
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Abstract: Elena Batocchi, Chiara Simonelli, Filippo Maria Nimbi
Sexual desire represents the most complex and subjective part of the sexual re-sponse and erotic fantasies are one of its common manifestation. Over the years, efforts have been made to promote a more positive and informed approach to sexuality and the following study has the general aim of exploring whether and how desire and fantasies have been changed in this process. The study inquires sexual desire, solitary and dyadic, and the erotic fantasies in a group of women with the aim of highlighting any differences between some sexual orientations (heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual). Methods: participants were recruited by social network (Instagram, Facebook, etc.) and voluntarily agreed to fill in an online self-report questionnaire. The group is composed by 1094 women (mean age 27.86 ± 9.09 years) with three different sexual orientation, most of them are students and in a relationship. We used three different questionnaires: a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Sexual Desire Inventory-2 (SDI-2; Spector et al., 1996) to investigate levels of solitary and dyadic sexual desire, and the Sexual De-sire and Erotic Fantasy Inventory (SDEF) to investigate levels of solitary and dy-adic sexual desire and the erotic fantasies. Results: bisexual women report a higher level of solitary sexual desire (SDI-2: F(2,1090)=28.14; SDEF: F(2,1091)=26.93) and dy-adic sexual desire (SDI-2: F(2,1090)=9.29). They also report a higher frequency in al-most all erotic fantasies presented by SDEF, For example, in BDSM fantasies (Bondage ‒ Domination/Discipline ‒ Submission/Sadism ‒ Masochism) such as "being handcuffed, bound and/or gagged" (F(2,1994)=16.821), "being hit (spanked, slapped etc.)" (F(2,1994)=15.407) and "being dominated/submissive" (F(2,1994)=18.934) bisexual women report a higher frequency, as well as in fantasy "having sexual intercourse with two people" (F(2,1994)=44.180). The results highlight a significative difference between the three groups in the solitary sexual desire with a higher level in bisexual women. In the dyadic sexual desire levels, there is a dif-ference only between bisexual and heterosexual women. From the analysis of the erotic fantasies, it emerged that bisexual women report a higher frequency in almost all the 120 fantasies on the SDEF list. The results show that women’s fantasies tend to be more personal, with imaginary partners they are in relationship with or know about. This study can be a valuable springboard for future research in the field of erotic fantasies, where women are even less taken into consideration.
PubDate: Wed, 15 Jun 2021 8:00:00 GMT
- Segnalazioni bibliografiche
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Abstract: A cura della Redazione
PubDate: Wed, 15 Jun 2021 8:00:00 GMT
- Convegni
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Abstract: A cura della Redazione
PubDate: Wed, 15 Jun 2021 8:00:00 GMT
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